tt en oe NEW YORKER oa MADNESS In Florida prisons, mentally il inmates bave heen sotured, driven te suicide and ‘ile by gars, eyterese G tase Hi Koen oat Inston Ford, a innate whispered to working atthe Die Conte the fl of 2010, and Kray py techni ad ben ied by Dade which is e000 oy ies 0 th of Mant lp prisons treatment plan. The inmate was hoaeed in Dales mental-health wa the Tension (Cae Uni cluster of uli connected by sears ad equiped with one-sy (thie gy mut be porno schizophrenic” she sid vce Moncove, ein mat be she been waned ding her sing tat Prisoner oily mae ise acs teins guns Then she heard an inmate in another wing ofthe TCU, compli that meal ray often ined at i cell without fa. Aer noticing, thar several psoners woe sanngy thin, she decided o dacs the arer with De. Cuiston Paes who ves he patent ale the time The ld ofcnectionalpychology canara eae who end to seeall prconers associ vite and who ditt anyone wearing assur badgeconections fers cl uch prope "hig-a-thuga” But Keak who bad not worked at privn bets blleed dat onetons oer prstormed dict job that mee expect. And she aru that he preon ‘management dint tlre ay form of abusive beavi Pave woe sede atactve woman ini forte, with an aloof manne tat shed hea ey ae gettin ot seem expecially concemed. “You con rst what matey" seapouded. Keays noted that complaints were consng iowa deprae ings ofthe ICU This was ot ual, Pee id since inmates often Keaylowsk ennoued that she had overhead ecusty guds heckling Prisons, One oie bal oda inmate, “Go aed an il yet no one Ire jus words," she ll Then a8 ‘Keykowsi recall it Perez leaned forward an gave her ome dvice:"You bu to remember that we have o havea good woking elatonship with [Not long afer tis conversation, Kreykowsk war working Sunday shit and a sp old berth bce fa tal stage, TCU. inmates ould not Test hM Pao cane | ot etin Q.teh few enn, Erman people in swe pouting though hy ly plac to get fies ir nd execs, Oereing this sctrty wat among Keays weekend reponse The following Sunday access was denied again, The closes contin fer vweks andthe explanations nceaingly waned ke pretes, When -Kaykowsi press a corstons officer about th nate he fld be -Ie ki expressed hee A fw days ates, Kreyol was runing “prcho-edvctonl geoup"—an ‘mood and lfc. fer a dazen inmates hd led into the oon, she noticed thatthe gua who had been standing by the door bad walked away. She wi oo te own, Keeyhowsk’ completed the eson wd inset ad decided that the gard cx have been summoned o dea with an emergency. Bt ate, ‘shen the was inthe eed the end thee dsappesred,o0, once more leaving her unprotected aia group of inmate Aun the sme tne, he mstal doors that secu ofices controled > regulte the trac ow berween prison nis started opening more soy for Keyl, Not ningun ever mintes psed before a ectity fice, cand her thigh even whe he ws the only af member in a allay fl of prone, Keaykowekd isd aot to appease when thi happened bu [tne Bet eid pose mentite ith ae nzonent in wich they Ld esve reste th might alow then ‘0 tur tthe mun compound. Keaykowskdicovered, however that many inmates were locke up in singe person ell, Solitary confinement wat suppow tobe reserve for prisoners who had commited serious dsiplinary infetions, In eed lation, imate often deterocted api. At ‘Kayo pt i,"So man guys would be mobile an iterative when they [Not ony Krank! spe that few inmates in the CU. wee geting bad sent to Perez Bat she wae fad to complain about her Station. She dds ven el et husband Steves, Feri he would insist that ae giv notice, He ployed persytes engines and they coud nt and ogo her mde pack smother hoe in Mian wit thee young cilden hourly wage wa only ‘ee dolls 0 she splenentd her income wth fod sans and, ocsinaly Kays wa ccsomed to hap. Born nasal wn in sorthwester Miso, she wat seven yen old when her“at again wl (He dees ha this ‘bappened.) They moved toan eve sales town in lng, here he othe ook jib a gettin. They rege pi stance and t home thee we ‘en liedetoeat. Alter Kreykowsk ginduate fom high shook in 1998, she and hes mother moved to Miuni. Her other became ante and Keowee enol a loi Teta! Unive majoring in peycholog: She grin ouch with Steen childhood Fiend, and ivited hi ost hes. He showed up a ew ‘wer tes and syed they nae in 2007. By thn, Keown had seve s bachelor’s gp in peychology and ad vole in asters progam in earl -ealth counseling But Florida wasn 1 deep ecession and Krvkowsi had no ck ing work unl shes ling posted by Correctional Medic] Services the rive contitor in charge of poving mental-health sevice at Ds Brea atthe height ofthe economic tis, job in cottons were pletln Floida—the state has the thi-agest prison popstion nthe country, lend Texas and Callen, Imig hat nates with mental inser ese pehinie cae a consiutinal align, accoxding to Estele Gamble 1976 ease ia which the Supreme Court held that “eibeste nditenence 19 serous medical needs of pine” amounted to cel and nal poise. Around the sme time, the Cour edn O'Connor Donaldeon, that Florida man same Kenneth Donal had been kept agin ix lin state pyc hospital for aly ten yeu, The ing added moneticn (0 antonio campaign to enstiutionale” the mentally Acts Aecsie the existence of mental hospitals that were filed oe count put ‘vith naked umans heed Uke ate" Dusing the next fo decade stater esos the count shutdown such fies, bth to sve money and to appease advocates pushing or efor. Bu instead of ning moe humbne modes of ‘weatment—tich 25 community mentl-eath centers that could help patente Ive independentyman site ft the mental their nm erie. (fen highly unstable people ended up onthe ies abusing dg and conning vanes, which led cher iat the prison stem, By the nineties prison had become Americ dominant mental-health insiaions The situation i putea extreme in Flay mich pends ee ‘money pes capita on meatal han any state except Haho. Mes, ecwee. 1996 and 2004 the amber of laid prisoners with etal Aisles grew bya hed an tyre percent “The Supene Court ied to clay hw pschiatrc ae could be povided in sn eavtoament where the pasamount concern x secs, Acconding to mica ‘this, prison counsellors an psychologists often feta“ ovaly"—a tenon bere the ple to defer conection ices and the duty to cate forinmate, Bec gutde provide rca protectin to stall. t can be oy to Aixagoee with them uf wetal-health proenonals copa co closely ‘with secutty ofa dey can bocome complicit in prcties that asm pins Sher Krys met wih Pee, she tld hes *Maybe Tin being to seaskive—boys wil be boys.” Ate tat she wat «newcomer tthe ‘word of pions she desde thatthe sonectione oes at Das wee far more ‘pale than she wast determine how to maintain ode. Ata morning ta meting in Jue, 2011, psyhetherapit at Dade named GGeowge Malach aie een vie. The preions day, Malinckcodt snnownced, an inmate bad sown in sere of brie on ices and bck, ‘The injuries had been sustined the inmate chimed, when a group of guards ad degre he, handed nto a halla ad tompe on i. Several oer mates confined the acount, Malinekodt tol hie colleagues He accused Dade secu oi of "sabotaging or nla si that action needed te taken, Ta the days after he mewting, Kraykows seal thinking tha “sbotugag” was “apr tong word—a lod word” Melinkiodt was own to Be on fend tems with some of che pints inthe .CU, and Kreyol et hattold eT thought bel become an adsocte—you know a agatha” Kevkowst red focus on proving good eae bt she dicovred that she hd Kimites pore to make dessions. State lw mandsted that pions or state tenty hour of actites week, ad when ae ws hited se ws told that she would be esposible for insuring tha this happened i the TC But every ime she proposed an set —yogy me therpy—ber spe ejected it nwaribiythe reason cited wa that it pond "ec sk" ‘ough the activities were meant to allevat gees ‘One day, Keays brought box of chalk athe hope that inmates col several soe er sn a en ore multiplies into the ame shower where Raine had died. He was also among the inmates who had been denied meas “Tn earache sd er oie cracking ‘When espe aga af days te she told me that she ad called he Lake Covetonal Trt and esd that es son was beng given two pci “toot a thcearne-mncnr HA ONS tO Wich he wa al Late seme eae the aity 2 note fom ese % ‘omer pees, De. Janes Lavon, contin the allergies. She cesived 3 won respons, saving that the information wo be forwarded the nadia staf She ha no ie ifthe treatment ha been contin hat foe to digest lf this” she roll ae She compares the neste of ‘wally ill inate to the detoton of spect recone at Guttoano, In ae Ferry, Geiger wa finally permite ovis he on. She desi in to ne a beg“ deat oon" gu fgue with wnken ees who snistok her fr his wie nd growled a the gud then they clled his wane His arms were skeletal—no wider than my Wr" shesid—and there were dleepied mason hie nec When she ake im what had happened at Dad, pesca up atthe cling, used his ace aint the gl patton sept the ad s-T dont want alk about i.”She sk th when es ‘on was taking she sight conbiaation of mediation he was restieystable—a on that she impressed on che warden Before leaving Tol him tha Rept im mote ole oral fr thie yas and yo all ve destroyed him a seven,se said [serene 2 Diniy Rg Poin an ery pion ed lw changing the Pode Department of Coretons wit jecting ‘ena il innate at Dade "abuse ad drisination ona ate ard segue basi” Acconig othe ems ofa seeent exch ast yea, the Department of Corrections agreed to make sve changes, nti the instalation ofa new camera sat t Dade, beter ining of td, and the ising ofan astant warden of mental beats, ‘One moaing this pas September drove to Dae to mee the new assistant ‘warden Glenn Mow The prison ison the outskirts ofthe Ererglades.on a two-lane soa ark by sandy signs advertising ligt arms and shiboat ides, Monts net an a the piers public enance We passed hugh ‘metal detector and bevond a hess tel door that opened ote a ceie pith, After walking a quarter of «mie acon the pion campus we anived at cyeacoloed bung with sign saving "aassIONAL e4RE UNE" The pach Wasnt shaded and, hough tas eu she heat wa ting. Much omy ‘ei the ai-condtioning ise the CU ws funtion wel. (Keyowsi ‘olde that when se worked thve twa offen broken) The walls were 3 dll _rasbot the plice looked cleans an ode in fd scrubs was veep the ment fon We walked down aare hall and stopped atthe entance tthe ‘wert wing cavernous charber Hed with sngle-person cel, each of which fad sll tangle window, “Monts! me tha the inmates were ot in thee yard He pointer esr ‘TV sets hatha been installed recent On one wah an inmate had pss smotal—a ches ean ene “When fst eo here. the mwa wT confinement “Mont toldtoe "Thad to change that"The Departnent of Coneston now has “open cel ole st Dade which x npposed allo lowe-innmates to mone drone fey Eas Moni ha introduced me tthe unit mona lige man with broad ile and to several cmections oer. Al of them wes ent ites When wwe coed tthe eat side ofthe TCU which houses mats who ake lene none stables sa neting was ending, and Monts ntoduced ato Cristina Pree “She doe wey good joe sid Dressed casalvin sneakers su weatpante, Pees etended he and “Nieto mee you. ..,"she stemmered evidently ecaling that we had spe onthe plone She eniled esl acd walled away Aferwain an office, I athe Monts if the dso to apps secsity might Mfc hw well mental-health coutelloes di hee jobs. "Dr- eres, Ta ue, teller uo sepor things tebe sid, "And Tan very consent that f she ound on somthing she would repor ios" L sa hac had bend seis. Mom ole his ee teling me that he assed my understanding ‘ne iw 2"aagrniedex-rmployes—meaning Gege Mallick a har ocer Forme employes had te same mises. “Obyicusy that was way bone my ine,"he si. “Monti ome actos well-intenttoned but his aeurance dt ames were geting their “basi need met was dispted bya source who spoke to me consist: Prisoner Iwas old tl amet the inpatient unit of the TCU td Languished afer big placed in wha anounced ro lite confinement ‘Many prisoners ecned no weatmeat al: Ea.one case that was described to me. young inmate aficted with paranoia had been degenerting for more than a year Though he was not dupe he had pet prolonged psd lockdown because he had topped taking his medication: Nobody had encouraged him tty difzent matication; nobody bad Wied to engage sects that might have Sessa his fing ofstruse. As a set the source ‘2d the print was “undergoing «quiet decompensation where he just gets sicker td sicker” “The mera-helth ta coon to defer oes oguecing when Inmates were disciplined for misconet that was leary related to thee neste An inmate wth diagnosed imale-contil problems had hie pritiloges taken aay ale an outbust Meatal-ealth oils checked a box Indicating that se inmate sss had played 20 sole Bol Griingepofinr a the Jb Jy Collegeof Csi Jie who studies mental-health conditions in pons told me ha souine neglect i 20 les penis than agin above, “Most of the consi that happens goes telat unrecognized he sid. “There are very few people who can step back ands Heit a minote—the gard ae tvngt inte with my tking ‘ee of ny patents’ "One beret wh at non a cet sta meting at Dial sd thatthe counsels andthe pyc sen oblivion” of the ‘natal skh nes ofthe ate re civ-ights sin ofthe Jutice ‘Depart has auoched a {estigation to deren whetbe the death of Daren Rainey is pat oboe pattem of ahve It ent the iste that the Foca poison sytes hs ees the subject of Federal uti Ta 2006, the scary of Poids Deputies of CCometons Jane V. Cros was enenced to eight years behind bus for accepting cick fom prison venders, Ron _McAsnle former wasn, told on that while Cio ws in ce varde regula beat up inmates fo pot (Crosby hinselwas the warden ofa prison ‘wbrc, 1999, named Frank Valdes wa baal Bests to dest) Crosby acenioe athe DOC. Janes McDonough ised dozens of ison officals who were auypected of coruption. Ye ther sentencing Las fle Florida pisons beyond capacity andthe system wis weakened by severe bret ut Tn 2011, the Conestonal Medical Astor an independent gen that monitors the medial and mental-health cae of inmates es ‘ted, Adon sav have cone om extensive vo hich ses in“eed at my prisons having to wok wele-hoor sit, Placing the stat under such es only increses the iketibood of abuse, Jolie Jons she cumentD.O.C. secretary as promi 0 change te cau of Flori prisons. few monte afer taking office, she nae 2 "tatement on reuliaton,"in which she vowed tha a employe who comes Fn witha ‘nse of conera would foe station.” On the wl ofthe ia adinitstive Iniling at Dade spre fame copra the statement. few montis oie however ones ad ciculated ee reqising all OC pectoe to sign conientalty agreements about any investigations they conducted, Some ploees wed this tthe equivalent fgg ode. 1h 2015, four senior inspectors employed by the D.O.C. alleged hat Randal Joola-Aparoan inmate at a prison south of Talahasee had nedlessy satfcaed to death, Conetonsofices spray Joudan-Apaso with temic eventhough he sifered fio a dzwder tht compromised his ngs. ‘The inspectors bs allege that Jordan~Apare had committed no disiptinnry Inaction he had angered conection oes by demanding radial tention. “Two years apo the inspector sued the DO. a Jey Bensley, inpestor general liming that ees guiy had led 0 retaliation (Aceoning tthe Department of Conrections the inspector cases wae dismissed) [Keyowei eho aow woth ae counsellor at an ageny for ark youth as les apalle bythe behavior a some seus gust at Dae, bash ddait seem tne them Many of the guard se met were decent peop who tested the inmates with respect she fold me. Ad the ones who were abuse, she gested, acted in ways that ate to be expected in a soiety that hae seruaed wisehousg metal people ke Dien Raine a if they were yon hope. Before eft Miu, Kraykown told me hat she wanted to take me 14 plac led the Glove Payehinsie Muses in St Joneph, The muse, which ‘occupies da ck bing, offs a unsertng commentary on how people ‘with mental cbs have been sated in the past We walled ehough | series of ome with rane devices—a fen cabin lobotomy ble At one pointe tos! befor fll-cale replica of intent hospital of Sapte, a Pass. Michel Foucault wrote abou the hospital i is 1961 book, Midas al Ciilztion,” a he calle he eat epsented the Great Confinement." Kreykowski pete int the cl. dingy chamber tered ‘sth stra and read the abel othe wal cer cel tthe Ae hia of Sei te inane ee ep in ao ‘ols. When oe eid on oe help soy male Pad wars nf bed once cts ‘eiplenene thn red The preting te ni _Afterwasd we san a gato ursid."We dot ean vey fist she aid As Lsubsoquenty fn out, he Gore Paychitic Mosconi state in the redial wing of former state prychiati hospital Cis to ee the mai compound, which closed in 1997, went back few das ater. Following ‘noe walhay she by pines, Lassved ata more seladed ae, wheve che hoopla’ sesientalqustts once stod,The path ended a scuba A hn-link ence topped with zor wie now encircles what the hospital once now a Stte Lutic Arla No.2 bas become: prison. © “The best wing anywhere, very “Tey The New Vr Soa ite 4 $1 tk, Subscibe no»[Neve ise big Nes Yorker ty atin Sign up for This Weeks Ive and get Recommended Stories BEFORE THE LAW IS LONG-TERM SOLITARY. CONFINEMENT TORTURE? deer Comma sp 2498 SHOCKING DEATH OF CITIZENS NO LONGEI HAVE AN