Generic/ Indication Action Side Effects/ Dosage/ Nursing

Classification Contraindication and

Brand name Cautions Adverse Availability Management
Reaction

Methimazole Thyroid hyperthyroidism Inhibits oxidation Contraindicated in CNS: headache, Patients drug dosage: 1. Administer mediation observing the
hormone of iodine in thyroid patients drowsiness, vertigo, 20 mg/tab 1 tab/ TID 12 rights in giving the medication.
(Tapazole) antagonists gland, blocking hypersensitive to paresthesia, neuritis, 2. Monitor CBC periodically to detect
with tyrosine to drug. neuropathies, CNS Tablet forms: 5 mg and 10 impending leupenia,
form T4. Also may stimulation, mg thrombocytopenia, and
depression and fever agranulocytosis; also monitor hepatic
prevent coupling of
GI: diarrhea, nausea, function.
moniodotyrosine vomiting, salivary 3. Watch for evidence of hypothyroidism
and diiodotyrosine gland enlargement, (mental depression; cold intolerance;
to form T4 and T3. loss of taste, hard nonpitting edema)
epigastric distress 4. Stop drug and notify prescriber if
GU: nephritis severe rash or enlarged cervical
Hematologic: lymph nodes develop
agranulocytosis, 5. Instruct patient to take drug with
leucopenia, meals to adverse GI reactions.
thrombocytopenia, 6. Warn patient to report fever, sore
aplastic anemia throat, mouth sores, skin eruptions,
Hepatic: anorexia, itching, right upper
jaundice,hepatic quadrant pain, yellow skin or eyes.
dysfunction, hepatitis
Metabolic:
hypothyroidism
Musculoskeletal:
arthralgia, myalgia
Skin: rash, urticaria,
discoloration,
pruritus, erythema
nodosum, exfoliative
dermatitis, lupuslike
syndrome, abnormal
hair loss
Other:
lymphadonepathy
 Generic/ Indication Action Side Effects/ Dosage/ Nursing
Classification Contraindication
Brand name and Cautions Adverse Availability Management
Reaction

Omeprazole Antiulcer Helicobacter pylori Inhibits activity of Contraindicated in CNS: headache, Patient’s dosage: 40 mg 1. Administer medication observing the
drugs infection and acid (proton) pump patients hypersensitive dizziness and P.O. daily with Azithromycin 12 rights in giving the medication.
duodenal ulcer and binds to to drug or its asthenia 500 mg/tab 1 tab O.D. 2. Instruct patient to swallow tablets or
(prilosec) disease, to hydrogen- components GI: diarrhea, capsules whole and not to open,
eradicate H. pylori potassium Use cautiously in abdominal pain crush or chew them.
with Azithromycin patients with nausea, vomiting, Tablet forms: 20 mg 3. Instruct patient to take drug 30
adenosine
(dual therapy) hypokalemia, and constipation and minutes before meals.
triphosphatase at respiratory alkalosis. flatulence 4. Instruct patient to avoid hazardous
secretory surface of Muskuloskeletal: activity if she gets dizzy.
gastric parietal cells back pain
to block formation Respiratory: cough, 5. Inform patient that drug effect take 1
of gastric acid. upper respiratory to 4 days.
infection
Other action: Skin: rash
increase gastric
metab
 Generic/ Indication Action Side Effects/ Dosage/ Nursing
Classification Contraindication
Brand name Adverse Availability Management
Reaction

Propanolol Beta- adjunctive A nonselective Contraindicated in CNS: fatigue, Tablet forms: 10 mg, 20 mg, 1. Administer medication observing the
Adrenergic management of beta blockers that patients with lethargy, fever, vivid 40 mg, 60 mg, 80 mg, 90 12 rights in giving the medication.
(Inderal) blockers thyrotoxicosis reduces cardiac bronchial asthma, dreams, mg 2. Monitor vital signs especially the
and Thyrotoxic oxygen demand by sinus bradycardia, hallucinations, mental apical pulse before giving the drug. If
crisis. blocking and heart block depression, light Patients drug dosage: extreme in pulse rates occur, withhold
headedness, 10 mg/tab 1 tab OD drug and notify prescriber
catecholamine- greater than first-
insomnia immediately.
induced increases degree. Cardiogenic GI: abdominal 3. Give or instruct the patient to take
in heart rate, blood shock, and heart cramping, the drug consistently with meals.
pressure, and force failure (unless failure constipation, Food may increase absorption of
of myocardial is is secondary to a diarrhea, nausea, propanolol.
contraction. tachyarrhythmia that vomiting 4. Inform patient that drug masks
Depresses rennin can be treated with CV: bradycardia,
common signs and symptoms of
secretion and propanolol) hypotension, heart
failure,intermittent shock and hypoglycemia.`
prevents
claudication, 5. Instruct patient to continue taking
vasodilation of
intensification of AV the drug as prescribed, even when
cerebral arteries.
block he’s feeling well.
Hematologic:
agranulocytosis
Respiratory:
bronchospasm
Skin: rash
 Generic/ Indication Action Side Effects/ Dosage/ Nursing
Brand name Classification Contraindication Adverse Availability Management
Reaction

Tramadol Classification: Moderate to Unknown. A Contraindicated in CNS; dizziness, Patient’s dosage: 1. Observe 12 rights in giving
Hydrochloride Synthetic moderately centally acting patients headache, medications.
centrally active severe pain. synthetic analgesic hypersensitive to somnolence, 100 mg/tab I tab PO, q6 2. Reassess patient’s level of pain at
Ultram analgesic compound not drug or other vertigo, seizures, hours PRN for Pain least 30 minutes after administration.
chemically related opioids. Serious anxiety, asthenia, 3. Monitor CV and respiratory status.
to opioids. Thought hypersensitivity CNS stimulation, Tablet: 50 mg Withhold dose and notify prescriber if
to bind to opioid reaction can occur, confusion, respirations decrease or rate is below
receptors and usually after the first coordination 12 breaths per minute.
inhibit reuptake of dose. Patients with disturbance, 4. For better analgesic effect, give
norepinephrine and history of euphoria, malaise, drug before onset of intense pain.
serotonin. anaphylactic reaction nervousness, sleep 5. Monitor bowel and bladder function .
to codeine and other disorder. Anticipate need for laxative
opioids may be at EENT: Visual
risk. disturbances
GI: Constipation,
Use cautiously in nausea, vomiting,
patients at risk for abdominal pain,
seizures or anorexia,
respiratory diarrhea, dry
depression; in mouth, dyspepsia,
patients with flatulence.
increased Musculoskeletal:
intracranial pressure hypertonia
or head injury, acute Respiratory:
abdominal respiratory
conditions, or renal depression
or hepatic
impairment; or in
patients with
physical dependence
on opioids
 Generic/ Indication Action Side Effects/ Dosage/ Availability Nursing
Brand Classification Contraindication Adverse Management
name Reaction

Potassium Electrolytes and Hypokalemia Contraindicated in CNS: paresthesia of Patient’s dosage:

Replaces 10 meq x 2 hours x 8 cycle 1. Observe 12 rights in giving the
Chloride replacement patients with severe limbs, listlessness,
potassium and diluted to 90cc PNSS medication.
solutions renal impairment with confusion, weakness
maintains 2. Monitor ECG and electrolyte levels
potassium level oliguria or anuria; with or heaviness of limbs, Injection for IV infusion: 0.1 during therapy.
untreated Addison flaccid paralysis mEq/ml, 0.2 mEq/ml, 0.3
disease; or acute CV: postinfusion mEq/ml, 0.4 mEq/ml 3. Patient may be sensitive to
dehydration, heat phlebitis, ECG tartrazine.
cramps, hyperkalemia, changes, hypotension 4. Tell patient to take with or after
hyperkalemic form of meals with full glass of water or
familial periodic GI: nausea, vomiting,
fruit juice to lessen GI distress.
paralysis, or other abdominal pain,
5. Teach patient signs and
conditions linked to diarrhea
symptoms of hyperkalemia, and
extensive tissue
tell patient to notify prescriber if
breakdown.
Use cautiously in
they occur.
patients with cardiac 6. Warn patient not to use salt
disease or renal substitutes concurrently, except
impairment. with prescriber’s permission.
 Generic/ Indication Action Side Effects/ Dosage/ Availability Nursing
Brand name Classifica Contraindication Adverse Reaction Management
tion

PTU Thyroid Hyperthyroidism, Inhibits oxidation of Contraindicated to Hematologic: Patient’s dosage: 1. Observe the ten rights in giving the
hormone Thyrotoxic crisis iodine in thyroid patients hypersensitive Agranulocytosis, 50 mg 1 tab 12 tabs now and medication.
(propylhiouracil) antagonist gland, blocking to drug. leukopenia, then, 4 tabs q6H 2. Patients older than 40 may have an
activity of iodine to Use cautiously in thrombocytopenia, increased risk of Agranulocytosis.
combine with
patient with hepatic aplastic anemia 3. Give drugs with meals to reduce
dysfunction Hepatic: Tablets forms: 5 mg and 10 adverse GI reactions.
tyrosine to form t4 hepatotoxicity mg 4. Watch for hypothyroidism (mental
and may prevent CNS: Headache,
coupling of depression, cold intolerance, and
drowsiness, vertigo, hard, nonpitting edema)
monoiodotyrosine paresthesia, neuritis,
and diiodotyrosine 5. Monitor hepatic function. Stop
neuropathies, CNS
to form t4 and t3. stimulation, drug if transaminase levels are
depression, fever. greater than three times the
CV: Vasculitis upper limit of normal.
EENT: Visual 6. Instruct patient to take drugs with
Disturbances, loss of meals
taste 7. Warn patients to report fever,
GI: Diarrhea, nausea, sore throat, mouth sores, and
vomiting, epigastric skin eruptions
distress, salivary 8. Tell patient to report unusual
gland enlargement bleeding and bruising.
GU: Nephritis
9. Tell patient to ask prescriber
Hepatic: Jaundice
Metabolic: Dose-
about using iodized salt and
related eating shellfish. These foods
hypothyroidism contain iodine and may alter
Musculoskeletal: effectiveness of the drug
arthralgia, myalgia 10. Teach patient to watch for signs
Skin: rash, urticaria, and symptoms of hypothyroidism
skin discoloration, and to notify prescriber.
pruritus, erythema
nodosum, exfoliative
dermatitis, lupus like
syndrome
Other:
lymphadenopathy.
 Generic/ Indication Action Side Effects/ Dosage/ Availability Nursing
Brand name Classifica Contraindication Adverse Reaction Management
tion

Furosemide Loop Edema A potent drug that Contraindicated in CNS: vertigo, Patient’s drug dosage: 20 1. Observe 12 Rights in giving
diuretics inhibits sodium and patients hypersensitive headache, dizziness, mg/tab 1 tab OD x 5 days + medications.
(Lasix) chloride reabsorption to drug. weakness, KCl 2. Monitor weight, blood pressure, and
at the proximal and restlessness, fever pulse rate routinely with long-term
distal tubules and the Use cautiously in CV: orthotastic use and during rapid diuresis. Use
ascending loop of patients allergic to hypotension Tablet: 20 mg, 40 mg, 80 mg, can lead to profound water and
henle . sulfonamides and with GI: abdominal 500 mg electrolyte depletion.
hepatic cirrhosis. discomfort and pain, 3. Monitor fluid intake and output and
diarrhea, anorexia, electrolyte, BUN, and carbon dioxide
nausea and vomiting levels frequently.
Hepatic: jaundice 4. Watch for signs of hypokalemia,
Metabolic: such as muscle weakness and
hypokalemia, cramps.
hyperglycemia, 5. Advise patient to immediately report
hypocalcemia, ringing in ears, severe abdominal
hypomagnesemia pain, or sore throat, and fever; these
Skin: dermatitis, symptoms may indicate toxicity.
photosensitivity
reaction
Musculoseletal:
muscle spasm

Adverse reaction:
GI: pancreatitis
Hematologic:
agranulocytosis,
leukopenia,
thrombocytopenia
 Generic/ Indication Action Side Effects/ Dosage/ Availability Nursing
Brand name Classifica Contraindication Adverse Reaction Management
tion

Azithromycin Macrolide Community- Binds to the 50S Contraindicated in CNS: dizziness, Patient’s dosage: 500 mg/tab 1. Administer medication observing the
anti- acquired subunit of bacterial patients hypersensitive vertigo, headache, 1 tab OD 12 rights in giving the medication.
infectives pneumonia caused ribosomes, blocking to erythromycin or fatigue, 2. Obtain specimen for culture and
by Chlamydia protein synthesis, other macrolides. somnolence Tablet: 250 mg, 500 mg, 600 sensitivity tests before giving first
pneumonia, H. bacteriostatic or CV: palpitations, mg dose.
influenza, bactericidal, Use cautiously in chest pain 3. Give multidose oral suspension 1
Mycoplasma depending on patients with impaired GI: nausea, hour before or 2 hours after meals;
pneumonia, S. concentration hepatic function. vomiting, diarrhea, don’t give with antacids.
pneumoniae abdominal pain, 4. Monitor patient for superinfection.
dyspepsia. Drug may cause overgrowth of
Flatulence, melena nonsusceptible bacteria or fungi.
GU: candidiasis, 5. Instruct patient that tablets or oral
vaginitis, nephritis suspension may be taken with or
Hepatic: cholestatic without food.
jaundice 6. Instruct patient to take drug as
Skin: rash, prescribed, even after she feels
photosynsitivity better.
Other: angioedema
 Generic/ Indication Action Side Effects/ Dosage/ Availability Nursing
Brand name Classifica Contraindication Adverse Reaction Management
tion

Ambroxol Mucolytics Acute and chronic Increases Contraindicated in CNS: dizziness, Patient’s dosage: 95 mg/tab 1. Administer mediation observing the
disorder of the production of patients hypersensitive headache 1 tab OD 12 rights in giving the medication.
(Ambrolex) respiratory tract respiratory tract to drug. GI: nausea and 2. Monitor cough type and frequency.
associated with fluids to help liquefy vomiting 3. Inform patient that drug should not
pathologically and reduce the SKIN: rash Tablets: 100mg, 200mg, be use for chronic or persistent
thickened mucus viscosity of 400mg cough such as with smoking,
and impaired tenacious asthma, chronic bronchitis or
mucus transport secretions. emphysema
4. Advise patient to take each dose
with 1 glass of water; increasing fluid
intake may prove beneficial.
5. Encourage deep breathing
exercises.