Introduction:

With the increasing industrialization and the tendency of the majority of industries to
congregate in areas, which are already heavily industrialized, the problem of Air Pollution
has begun to be felt in the country . the presence in air, beyond certain limits of various
pollutants discharged through industrial emissions and from certain human activities
connected with traffic , heating use of domestic fuel , refuse incineration etc has a detrimental
effect on the health of the people as also on animal life, vegetation and property.

Sources and Effects of Air pollution

The major sources of air pollution are fuels , coal, petroleum and industries. Coal consists of
carbon but it also contains some incombustible minerals sulphur and nitrogen. Petroleum
consists of hydrocarbons, sulphur and nitrogen. Burning of fossil fuels produces oxides of
carbon , nitrogen and sulphur , which cause air pollution.

Industries also release out oxides, which are formed in combination of coal and petroleum
released and many harmful chemicals in the air. There are also various other activities of
human beings which result in the release of various harmful gases in the air and lead to air
pollution. Industries also release and many harmful chemicals in the air . There are also
various other activities of human beings which result in the release of various harmful gases
in the air and lead to air monoxide and nitrogen dioxide. Air pollution can also be in the form
of Particulate Matter (SPM) or vapour, noise, which if tolerable are not designated as
pollutants. But if their concentration , volume or quantity is such which becomes deleterious
or injurious to health, flora and fauna then they may become environmental pollutants
resulting in air pollution.

In Vardhaman Kaushik v Union of India and others and Sanjay Kulshrestha v Union
Of India & Others.1

The NGT, inter alia, has taken cognizance of the sources of air pollution in NCR of Delhi,
which are dust, emissions from industrial pollution and vehicular pollution. The Tribunal
issued directions , inter alia completely banning the burning of leaves and other materials is
open . The most important and unique feature of this order is that the Tribunal has issued