Good morning / afternoon Ladies and gentleman, the honorable judges, thank you for the chances

given to me to share idea about 35.000 MW

Talking about our main topic which is 35.000 MW, PLN is still on track to support the availability of
electricity throughout Indonesia. We do concern that in order to support the development of 35.000
MW program, PLN need large amount of capital and investment. To return the capital and
investment, PLN has to be sure that electricity generated is well managed from power plant,
transmission, and distribution system. The point is PLN has to make great effort to minimize the NSE
(Not Sold Energy) and optimize the electricity growth and selling for greater PLN revenue.

The case of the explosion of several substations from lightning strikes, possibly as a result of the
disruption transformer for grounding system failed to work. Therefore, a good grounding in
substations is very important for system reliability and security operations. In fact I am still in the
conceptual essay but I believe that this program is very useful in the construction of the substation.

Substation is an electrical installation system that serves as a supplier of power capacity KVA, MVA
according to the operating voltage of a few electrical appliances as a link from the plant to the
network transmission / distribution which then distributed to consumers. However electrical relay
station is one part of a power system that is most likely to experience problems caused by fault
currents flowing to the ground as a result of the isolation of equipment that does not function
properly. It is considered small in planning GI is grounding whereas One of the things that support
the reliability of GI is grounding.

If grounding GI good then the lightning can be instantly removed to the ground so that the
equipment GI protected from damage. As well as the size and design of grounding is made the same
as the GI has been built. The grounding has qualified, but by increasing the amount of power that is
then also increased the amount of current problem that occurs in the event of disruption.

Therefore the design of grounding old should also be improved to ensure security for people who
live in and around the substation of the danger of electrical shock during a lightning strike, and
securing equipment in the GI and System Grounding Grid is a system that is practical to use to get
the efficiently cost and material by limiting the voltage gradient caused by fault currents flowing in
the ground.

Now I’m going to tell you about the 20 KV Grid-Rod grounding design analytical with MATLAB
(Matrix Laboratory) Program.
Step study outlines the flow chart shown in the figure below design :

Mulai

Studi
Literatur

Membuat Program
Hubung Singkat

Membuat Program
Pembumian Sistem
Grid

Selesai

Figure: Flowchart Design

The initial step of this design is to study the literature by studying materials in the form of books and
journals to deepen understanding of the planning for grounding. From the results of literature study,
data retrieval of data in the form of power system becomes input to matlab program is taken to
calculate the short-circuit program in order to obtain large fault current (If) to calculate the
maximum current in the grid. Terms of the success of the main maximum touch voltage or Mesh
voltage < allowable touch voltage and the maximum step voltage < allowable step voltage. Time to
make the main program until the above conditions are met. this is in accordance with standard IEEE
80, if the following conditions are met then the design of the program is completed.

1.4.1 Literature

The study of literature is to learn the material - material that suits the purpose of design to
be done through books and journals.

1.4.1.1 Data Collection

The data were taken are the main parameters to create the program. Parameter - main parameters
that are used as initial data are resistivity soil (ρ), a thick layer of gravel (hs), the depth of the
conductor grid (h), resistivity ground (ρs), length of the conductor (P), the width of the conductor (
L), a long interruption (ts), and the data transmission channel to be inputted in matlab program.
1.4.1.2 Program Design Smart Grid-Rod Grounding Design 20 Kv For Substantion

Steps of design the main program based on IEEE Standard 80 is shown in Figure below:

Start

Data Lapangan dan Data Saluran GI

Ρ, l, ρ, ρs, hs, h, ts, Z

Matriks Ybus

Zbus

Menentukan titik Gangguan

Menghitung Arus
Gangguan

Ukuran Konduktor

Kriteria Tegangan Sentuh dan Tegangan Langkah yang diizinkan

Etouch 50 or 70 & Estep 50 or 70

Desain Awal
D, n, L, h

Tahanan Grid
Rg, Lc, Lr

Arus pada Grid

IG, tr

Ya
Merubah Desain IG x Rg < Esentuh izin
D, n, L
Tidak
Tegangan Sentuh dan Tegangan Langkah Sebenarnya
Em, Es, Km, Ks, Ki

Tidak
Em < Esentuh izin

Ya
Tidak
Es < Elangkah izin

Ya

Detail Desain

Stop

Figure: Grid-Rod Grounding System Program Design (IEEE Std 80)

The initial step of making the program earthing grid system that is to prepare the field data will be
used. Data field program earthing grid system in the form of Length of Grid Area (P), Wide of Grid
Area (l), Depth of ground grid conductors(h), Surface layer thickness(h), Duration of fault current for
sizingground conductor(ts), Surface layer resistivity (ρs), Soil resistivity (ρ) and the data channel ,
From the data distribussion, the short circuit current is determined to gain admittance bus (Matrix
Ybus). Then the bus admittance are inversed to obtain Zbus. Location atatu set point disturbance
through Zbus to get impedance thevenin (Zkk) so that the fault current can be calculated based on
the assumption of the location of the disturbance. Then to determine allowable touch voltage
criteria (Es) and allowable steps voltage criteria (EL) with a weight of 50, the conductor size should
be calculated to obtain the minimum diameter of the conductor (dmin).To design the earthing
program, then the Spacing between parallel conductors (D), the number of conductors parallel (n),
the total length of the conductor (L) needs to be determined so that the Spacing factor for mesh
voltage(Km) and Spacing factor for step voltage (Ks) can be specified for calculating the maximum
touch voltage (Em) and the maximum step voltage (Es). If the value of GPR smaller than the value
Esentuh permission, then the program will display the detail design and stop having already qualified
based on IEEE standard 80, but if Ground Potensial Rise (GPR) is greater than allowable touch
voltage (Etouch), then the program will compare the maximum touch voltage and allowable touch
voltage in accordance with the permit requirements of the standard IEEE 80 that the maximum
touch voltage (Es) must be less than the allowable touch voltage (Etouch). However, if the criterion
is the calculation still does not comply with IEEE standard 80, then the program will compare the
step voltage maximum (es) and voltage step allowed (Elangkah permit) in accordance with IEEE
standard 80 that step voltage maximum must be less than the voltage step allowed (Es <Etouch).
However, if the calculation of the maximum step still does not meet the criteria it is necessary to
change the design of the D, N, and L by the program. Then the prisoners Grid kembal calculated to
determine the value of the Ground Potesial Rise (GPR), when the Ground Potensial Rise does not
meet the criteria for such determination before it will proceed on criteria such as prior to Em <Estep
and Es <Estep. the program will display the detail design and stopped because the results of the
design has met the standard IEEE - 80.BENEFITS OF INNOVATION AND RISK ANALYSIS

1. Nonfinancial Benefits

Program Smart Grid-Rod Grounding Design 20 Kv For Substantion, we determine how many
distance conductor parallel are used, the number of conductors in parallel are used, the length of
the conductor rod, the total length of the conductor rod used quickly, so that the process
prerancangan highly efficient in its use of materials and time.

All the things that they got on non-financial benefits that are designed in such a way by using
a GUI program, where the program is designing the program system-Rod Grounding Grid Bandung
Area, so we will get the right result and efficient in the design of network systems grounding rod.

It is also very helpful PLN in carrying out the design of grounding grid because it is extremely
helpful for the creation of a good system without spending a lot of his material and workmanship
preformance right time.

2.2 Risk Analysis

This program uses the assumption that all the equipment used as standard equipment in the
field and the design has met the standard and no defects on the equipment used. If the equipment is
used in the design of the grounding grid-Rod does not meet the standards, defects in the equipment,
or the design / installation in the field do not fit the standard there will be a difference between the
results of the analysis program with the results of the design in the field which resulted in a fatal
case, the endangering people who were inside the substation and can damage equipment if an
interruption occurs.
3. Conclusion
By this program we can calculate and analyze the worst excesses that occurred at the
substation in case of a lightning strike with a standard based on the IEEE 80 with the following
results:
1. Prisoners earthing considered to meet the standard that is <5 Ohm.
2. The maximum voltage step must be smaller than the allowable step voltage,
3. The maximum touch voltage which may occur should be smaller than the allowable touch
voltage.