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The document describes the use and maintenance of permanent magnet generators (PMGs) used in generators. PMGs are small AC generators that use permanent magnets instead of electromagnets to generate voltage. They are used to provide independent power to voltage regulators. This allows regulators to operate properly even during faults. PMGs also provide field flashing power for generators during startup. General maintenance involves following safety precautions and procedures for disassembly and reassembly. Typical applications discussed include using a PMG to power voltage regulators for AC generators, provide field flashing, and power speed controls for DC motors.
The document describes the use and maintenance of permanent magnet generators (PMGs) used in generators. PMGs are small AC generators that use permanent magnets instead of electromagnets to generate voltage. They are used to provide independent power to voltage regulators. This allows regulators to operate properly even during faults. PMGs also provide field flashing power for generators during startup. General maintenance involves following safety precautions and procedures for disassembly and reassembly. Typical applications discussed include using a PMG to power voltage regulators for AC generators, provide field flashing, and power speed controls for DC motors.
Copyright:
Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Verfügbare Formate
Als PDF, TXT herunterladen oder online auf Scribd lesen
The document describes the use and maintenance of permanent magnet generators (PMGs) used in generators. PMGs are small AC generators that use permanent magnets instead of electromagnets to generate voltage. They are used to provide independent power to voltage regulators. This allows regulators to operate properly even during faults. PMGs also provide field flashing power for generators during startup. General maintenance involves following safety precautions and procedures for disassembly and reassembly. Typical applications discussed include using a PMG to power voltage regulators for AC generators, provide field flashing, and power speed controls for DC motors.
Copyright:
Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Verfügbare Formate
Als PDF, TXT herunterladen oder online auf Scribd lesen
Publication Number: 350-01003-00
Publication Date: January 1977
INSTRUCTION MANUAL
KATO PILOT EXCITERS
(Permanent Magnet Generators)
KATO ENGINEERING Ez
RELIANCE ELECTRICTABLE OF CONTENTS
SECTION Pace
1 INTRODUCTION. . .
Hl APPLICATION CONSIDERATIONS. .
HL TYPICAL APPLICATIONS .........4..
PNG as power sourcs for voltage regulator. ,
PNG used for field flashing eee
PMG as power source for de motor speed contro! 7
PMG as power source for de generator voltage regulator .
IV. MAINTENANCE .
General precautions... ae eee ‘|
General procedure for disassembly and assembly of PMG»...
Exciter Field
Permanent Magnet
Generator Armature
Permanent. Magnet
Generator Fiold
Cover for Exciter Armature &
Permanent Magnet —Fotating Hectitior Assy.
Gon, & Exciter
Assy.
Retaining Washer
Retaining Bolt
Figure 1 Typical brushless generator with a permanent magnet generator (Pilot Exciter) used to supply field
‘lashing or voltage regulator power.
'980-01003-00
Page 1‘Cover for
Permanet,
Magnet Generator
Figure 2
(Pilot Exciter).
1 INTRODUCTION
‘A permanent magnet generator (PMG) is installed as @ modif-
ication in certain Kato generators. It delivers either 120 or
240 volt single phase ac. It functions as a pilot exciter, fur-
ishing power to the voltage regulator. Its output can be
rectified and used for field flashing. It can be also used for
any purpose where 120 or 240 volts ac is required and no
‘other source is readily available.
‘The PMG is basically 2 revolving field single-phase ac gen-
erator. Its distinctive feature is the use of permanent magnets
Instead of electromagnets to provide the magnetic field. As
in @ conventional ac generator, voltage is induced in the st-
tionary armature when the magnetic field is rotated inside it
When installed on ¢ generator, the PMG stator is bolted to the
‘endbell opposite the drive end either by itself (Figure 2) or at
part of a larger assembly that includes the exciter field (Fig-
ture 1). The stator consists of armature windings in a laminat
‘ed core which is welded to a steel frame,
‘The permenct magnets and soft pole tips of the revolving
field are permanently attached to a steel hub by nonmagnetic
stainless stoe| bolts. The field is magnetized after the rotor is
assembled and the permanent magnet material has been per-
‘manently secured in place in the magnetie circuit.
‘Typical KATO static excited ac generator with field Flashing form a permanent magnet generator
1 APPLICATION CONSIDERATIONS
Several foatures of the PMG make it valuable as ¢ pilot exciter.
‘The first is that It requires no other current source to initiate
its own voltage buildup. The advantage of the PMG in this
respect Is seen when it is compared with a generator using an
electromagnetic field, Such 2 generator must rely on residual
‘magnetism in the field core to initiate voltage buildup when it
Is started. The field core, not being made of permanet magnet
‘material, retains a comparatively low and variable dagree of
magnetism from the previous period of operstion. This re-
sidual magnetism may be too low to build up voltage when the
generator is started, in which case the field must be flashed,
‘that ig, given an initial exciting current from an ouside source.
‘The PIAG on the other hand can provide positive voltage build-
up = = it will develop its rated output voltage provided onty
‘that It Is driven at rated speed. It can therfore be used to pro:
vide flashing current for the exciter of the generator to which
It is attached.
A second valuable feature of the PMG is that It provides a
voltage source that is independent of the terminal voltage
Of its associated generator. If the PMG is used to powsr the
voltage regulator, full voltage and power will be available for
‘excitation evan during heavy transients or short circuit con:
ditions.
A third advantage of the PMG is that its terminal voltage Is
350-01003-00
Page 2designed to power the voltage regulator when driven at rated
speod. This makes unnecessary the transformer that would
‘otherwise be requited if the generator output did not match
the input voltage of the regulator.
A fourth advantage of the PMG results from its allowing the
Power output stage of the voltege regulator to be isolated
from the generator output. Without a PMG, where the voltage
regulator takes its power from the generator output, high fre
‘quency interference resulting from switching transients in the
lator output stage could be conducted to the load
filtering or isolation was previded,
1 TYPICAL APPLICATIONS
In the following paragraphs, several applications of PMG's
are briefly described. ‘This material is presented for the pur-
pose of discussion only and should not be used for making
electrical connections.
PMG AS POWER SOURCE FOR VOLTAGE REGULATOR
Figure 1 shows the general contruction and location of a PMG
‘on a brushless ac generator. The armature of the PMG and
‘the field of the brushless exciter are built into the same frame,
In another design not shown, these two components are sep:
arate. In yet another design, the exciter field is mounted in-
board of the bearing and endbell, and the PMG armature only
fon the outboard side. In any case, the electrical shematic
will resomblo Figure 3.
‘The PMG delivers rated ac voltage to the regulator. The reg:
‘lator, using power supplied by the PMG, energizes the exciter
field. “The theory of the generator and voltage rogulator is the
‘same as that described in Publication 360-01001-00 with the
exception that the voltage regulator derives power from the
PMG instead of the generator output.
During those periods when high current is drawn from the
generator, such as during the transionts caused by motor start-
ing or during short circuit conditions, the generator output
voltage will be lowered and the current requirement of the
cexciter field will be reised. In an istalation where the voltage
regulator receives its power from the generator output, this
‘combination of decreased input voltage end increased output
requirement may bring about collapse of generator output
voltage, unless special series boost provisions are made for
‘these circumstances,
However, in those Installations where the voltage regulator
is powered by 2 PMG, voltage and power for excitation are un-
affected by the drop in output voltage. Full exciter power is
available for motor starting and for short circuit fault
clearance.
Page 3
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PMG supplying power to voltage regulator on
‘ruchloes an generator.
of
Figure 4 PMG uted for field flashing on static excited ac
generator.
PMG USED FOR FIELD FLASHING
Where positive voltage buildup is required but separate battery
fr rectified ac flashing sources are not easily available, 2 PMG
‘can be used to advantage, It may be installed on either a
brushless generator or a static excited generator.A typical simplified schematic of an installation with a static
‘exeiter is shown In Figure 4. ‘The physical location of a PMG
(on a static excited generator is shown in Figure 2. The rec:
tified output of the PMG is applied to the field through the
Formally closed contacts of a relay in the static exciter.
When thé generator output voltage builds up to sufficient
level, it actuates the relay, transferring the generator field to
‘the static exciter. A soparate relay can be wired into the
circuit with a static exelter that does not include one,
TACHOMETER
Figure 5 PMG used to power speed regulator for shunt oF
‘compound de motor.
PMG AS POWER SOURCE FOR DC MOTOR SPEED CONTROL
APIMG can be mounted on a de motor to provide ac power
for speed control circuitry. A possible application is sketched
in Figure 5, In this example, the strength of the flux field,
and henge the motor speed, depends on the combined action
of the shunt field and control winding. De current in the
‘control winding is varied by the speed regulator. Sensing volt-
290 is obteined from 2 tachometer; in other detigns, @ mec-
hhanical governor is used to provide a control signal. The
regulator circuitry is powered by ac from the PRG,
PMG AS POWER SOURCE FOR DC GENERATOR
VOLTAGE REGULATOR
‘A PMG can be mounted on a de generator to provide sc
power for the generator voltage regulator circuitry. A possible
‘application is sketched in Figure 6. In this example the volt
‘age ragulator, powered by the PMG, senses the de output of
the generator and regulates the generator field current to keep
‘the generator output at rated voltage.
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soutien
PMG used as power source for voltage regulator
fon ade generator.
Figure 6
IV MAINTENANCE
GENERAL PRECAUTIONS
‘Since there are no bearings, brushes or sliprings and no semi
conductor devices, maintenance is minimal. The unit should
be kept clean and the vents should be kept open, Keep iron
‘and steel debris away from the rotor.
No attempt should be made to unbott and separate the parts
of the rotor. Bresking the magnetic circuit would alter the
permanent magnets, reducing their strength. Reassembling the
rotor would not restore the magnetism to its prior state
Avoid exposing the rotor to excessive heat or mechanical
shock. If the rotor is removed and is to remain out of the
machine for an extended period, a steel or iron strap or band
may be wrapped around the periphery of the rotor to act as
a keeper.
If the endbell on the end oppsite the PMG is removed, make
sure that the movement of the shaft does not force the PMG
rotor against the stator. Note that the air gap in the PMG is
considerably smaller than that in a large generator. It may be
necessary to remove the PMG rotor when working on the
drive end bearing
WARNING
USE EXTRA CARE WHEN REMOVING ROTOR
TO PREVENT INJURY TO HANDS DUE TO
MAGNETIC ATTRACTION BETWEEN THE
PMG ROTOR AND THE PMG STATOR OR
GENERATOR SHAFT.GENERAL PROCEDURE FOR DISASSEMBLY AND
ASSEMBLY OF PMG
When dicasiembling tha PMG from the generator or motor,
it will be advantageous to remove the rotor first.
To remove the rotor:
4, Take out the retaining bolt and washer. Read
WARNING in general precautions section before
removing PMG rotor.
2. Remove the rotor,
3. If the PMG is to remain disasstmbled for an ex
snded period, install a keeper on the rotor. Use
4 band of iron or steel.
4, In some desians, the exciter armature and rotat-
Jng rectifier zssembly can also be removed at
this time.
To remove the stator:
1. Support the stator form an overhead crane or
hoist.
'350-01003-00
Page 5
Disconnect the PMG armature leads in the con
nection box. Remove any ties holding the leads
to the generator frame.
If the exciter field is part of the same assembly
as the PMG stator, repeat step 2 for the ex:
citer field,
If the rotor has not been taken off first, place
thin sheets of insulating material in the alr gap
betweeen the rotor and stator to keep them from
boing forcibly attracted to each other and im.
ppeding the disassembly.
Remove the bolts holding the stator frame to the
‘endbell
Carefully remove the stator frame.
To assemble, reverse stops given in removal procedure.380-01003-00
Paye 6 (blank)P.O. Box 47 / Mankato, Minnesota 56001 / (507) 625-4011 TLX: 29-0786 / 350-01003-00
KATO ENGINEERING EE
RELIANCE ELECTRIC