Branches of phonetics

Speaker
Articulatory phonetics studies how
English Phonetics and Phonology speech sounds are produced by the
organs of speech.
1. Traditional approach: observation,
Lecture 2 The Speech Chain
reproduction and introspection.
2. Phases of the Speech Chain and
branches of phonetics 2. Instrumental and experimental
approach: use of instruments such as
camera, video, endoscope,
KAMIYAMA, Takeki electrodes, sensors of air pressure,
takeki.kamiyama@univ-paris8.fr brain imaging, etc.
From Denes and Pinson The Speech Chain
Encoding
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Ultrasound imaging (ecography)

Queen Margaret University, Edinburgh

http://www.qmu.ac.uk/casl/ultra/subjectinfo_ESRC_2007_2008.htm

Instruments for articulatory

investigation (Laboratory of
24/2/2015 T. Kamiyama phonetics
Phonetics and Phonology 2014-2015 Lectureand
2 phonology, Paris)3 24/2/2015 T. Kamiyama Phonetics and Phonology 2014-2015 Lecture 2 4
 What is PGG? New development?: ePGG
Sawashima & Hirose (1981), In Vocal Fold Physiology Honda & Maeda
Transillumination
technique External lighting and sensing PGG (ePGG)
photodiode
The ePGG sensor detects transillumination from
a high-power LED placed on the neck skin.
PGG signal

k e: k e:

5 Non-invasive method 6
24/2/2015 T. Kamiyama Phonetics and Phonology 2014-2015 Lecture 2 24/2/2015 T. Kamiyama Phonetics and Phonology 2014-2015 Lecture 2

Very experimental Branches of phonetics

ePGG + Airflow + Pio setup Acoustic phonetics
(acoustic) studies the acoustic,
signal physic characteristics
of speech sounds, by
using instruments
such as oscillograph
or spectrograph.

From Denes and Pinson The Speech Chain

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 Sound spectrogram Branches of phonetics
Auditory phonetics studies how Listener
(or sonagram, sonogram) listeners decode and understand
speech sounds.
1. Psycholinguistic approach:
analysis of the behaviour (task of
choice, judgement, etc.) in response
to speech sounds, or synthesised
sounds. Decoding
2. Neuroscience approach: direct
observation of the brain by brain
images obtained by MRI, EEG, etc.
From Denes and Pinson The Speech Chain
24/2/2015 T. Kamiyama Phonetics and Phonology 2014-2015 Lecture 2 9 24/2/2015 T. Kamiyama Phonetics and Phonology 2014-2015 Lecture 2 10

Perception test

• Identification test
• Discrimination test End of Lecture 2

Lecture 3: Organs of speech

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