2:37

Fatalaqqaaa Aadamu mir Rabbihee Kalimaatin fataaba 'alayh; innahoo Huwat Tawwaabur
Raheem

Then Adam received words from his Lord, so He relented towards him. He is the
Relenting, the Merciful.

Then Adam received from his Lord Words. And his Lord pardoned him
(accepted his repentance). Verily, He is the One Who forgives (accepts repentance),
the Most Merciful.

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ASBAB AL NUZUL

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- Adam repents and supplicates to Allah

- It was reported that the above Ayah is explained by Allah's statement

"They said: "Our Lord! We have wronged ourselves. If You forgive us not , and
bestow not
upon us Your mercy, we shall certainly be of the losers." (7:23)

As-Suddi said that Ibn Abbas commented on

"Then Adam received from his Lord Words"

"Adam said, O Lord! Did You not created me with Your Own Hands' He said, ` Yes. '
He said, 'And blow life into me' He said,
'Yes. 'He said, 'And when I sneezed, You said, 'May Allah grant you His mercy.
'Does not Your mercy precede Your
anger' He was told, 'Yes. 'Adam said, 'And You destined me to commit this evil act
' He was
told, 'Yes. ' He said, 'If I repent , will You send me back to Paradise' Allah
said, 'Yes.

Similar is reported from Al-Awfi, Said bin Jubayr, Said bin Mabad, and Ibn Abbas.
Al-Hakim
recorded this Hadith in his Mustadrak from Ibn Jubayr, who narrated it from Ibn
Abbas. Al-
Hakim said, "Its chain is Sahih and they (Al-Bukhari and Muslim) did not record it
"

- Allah's statement

"Verily, He is the One Who forgives (accepts repentance), the Most Merciful" (2:37)
means that
Allah forgives whoever regrets his error and returns to Him in repentance. This
meaning is
similar to Allah's statements,

"Know they not that Allah accepts repentance from His servants" (9:104)

"And whoever does evil or wrongs himself" (4:110)

"And whosoever repents and does righteous good deeds" (25:71)

- The Ayat mentioned above, testify to the fact that Allah forgives the sins of
whoever repents,
demonstrating His kindness and mercy towards His creation and servants. There is no
deity
worthy of worship except Allah, the Most Forgiving, the Most Merciful.
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TAFSIR AL TUSTARI

[2:37] Thereafter Adam received certain words from his Lord, and He relented
towards him...
Sahl was asked, ‘What were the words that Adam learnt from his Lord?’ He replied:
Muḥammad b. Sawwār informed me, [in a narration] from his father, from al-Thawrī,
from ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz b. Rafīʿ, on the authority of ʿAbd Allāh b. ʿUmar , that he [the
latter] said: ‘When Adam  recalled his error he said: “O Lord, do you see the act
of disobedience by which I disobeyed You as something that You preordained for me
before You created me, or something that I initiated?” He replied: “Indeed, it is
something that I preordained for you, that you would do as a consequence of My
lifting My protection from you, fifty thousand years before creating you.” Then
Adam  asked, “As you preordained it for me, then forgive me, for indeed We have
wronged our own souls [7:23], through carrying out the lower self’s desire and
relying on its devising, and we have repented from ever going back to that. If You
do not forgive us — that is, in this life, and have mercy upon us, during what
remains of our lives we shall surely be among the lost [7:23] — that is, among the
damned and tormented in the Hereafter.”’ So these were the words which God, Exalted
is He, was speaking about when He said: Thereafter Adam received certain words from
his Lord, and his Lord relented towards him, truly He is the Relenting, the
Merciful.
It was related from the Prophet  that he said: ‘Adam asked Moses, (peace be upon
them both), “How many years before my creation do you find that my sin was destined
for me?” He replied, “Forty thousand years.”’ The Prophet  then said, ‘Thus did
Adam confute Moses (peace be upon them both)

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Decoding the Quran

Then Adam (be aware and never forget, Adam is you!) received knowledge – words –
from his Rabb (the dimension of Names within his brain) and repented (this
knowledge enabled him to realize his mistake). His repentance was accepted. Indeed,
HU is the accepting of repentance and the One who allows the experience of its
pleasant results with His Rahimiyyah.

...
[2:37] Thereafter Adam received certain words from his Lord, with which He inspired
him (a variant reading [of Ādamu] has accusative Ādama and nominative kalimātu),
meaning they [the words] came to him, and these were [those of] the verse Lord, we
have wronged ourselves [Q. 7:23], with which he supplicated, and He relented to
him, that is, He accepted his repentance; truly He is the Relenting, to His
servants, the Merciful, to them.