Sartorius Sigma Centrifuge

Service Manual for Centrifuges
1 General Safety Instructions / Norms
2 Technical Data of Product Range
3 Maintenance and Inspection Schedule
1 Error Messages / Malfunction
2 Main Components
3 Electrical System
4 Sensors, Service Mode and Adjustments
5 Retrofitting / General Remarks
6 Electrical Documentation
Section 1: General Safety Instructions/Norms
1 GENERAL SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS / NORMS.....................................................2
1.1 Safety Instructions..................................................................................................2
1.2 Norms......................................................................................................................2
2 TECHNICAL DATA OF PRODUCT RANGE............................................................2
Issue 09/98 Section 1

Section 1: General Safety Instructions/Norms
1...............................General Safety Instructions / Norms

1.1 Safety Instructions
The user is required to take comprehensive safety measures as described in the
corresponding operating instructions. In principle, these also apply to service
personnel.
Please observe the safety instructions as described in the

corresponding operating instructions!
It is obvious that not all the safety precautions which have to be observed by users
can always be adhered to by service personnel (e.g. testing with lid open).
1.2 Norms
Please refer to the respective operating instructions as regards the valid norms and
guidelines.
2 Technical Data of Product Range

The technical data is contained in the respective operating instructions.

Section 3: Maintenance & Inspection Schedule
3 MAINTENANCE & INSPECTION SCHEDULE........................................................ 1

3.1 Weekly Maintenance & Inspection..................................................................................................................1
3.2 Annual Maintenance & Inspection..................................................................................................................1
3.3 Examination of Dismantled Centrifuge Every Three Years ........................................................................1
3.4 Maintenance checklist.......................................................................................................................................2
3.5 Defect Report of Returned Parts..................................................................................................................... 4
3.6 Declaration of Decontamination / Return Declaration..................................................................................5

Rev. 10.01.2000
3.................................Maintenance & Inspection Schedule

3.1 Weekly Maintenance & Inspection
The user must clean and service the centrifuge on a regular basis to retain his
warranty. Please inform the user about observing the instructions in the section “Care
& Maintenance” of the respective operating instructions.
3.2 Annual Maintenance & Inspection

Please use the maintenance checklist in section 3.4 concerning those parts of the
centrifuge requiring servicing (always make and use a photocopy).
Section 1.1 (technical data) of the respective operating instructions will provide
information as to whether the centrifuge is subject to a mandatory examination (e.g.
according to UVV VBG 7z).
Should this be the case, the centrifuge must be tested in accordance with the
detailed instructions as laid down in the relevant regulations.
Sigma offers its customers maintenance service contracts. It is the obligation of the
after sales service to carry out maintenance work in such a way that all the valid
accident prevention regulations are strictly adhered to.
Centrifuges operated in Germany are subject to the accident prevention regulations

“Centrifuges” (VBG 7z). Details can be taken from the text of the regulations.
3.3 Examination of Dismantled Centrifuge Every Three Years

Additionally, every three years it is necessary to dismantle the centrifuge to such an
extent that it is possible to assess whether all the safety relevant components, in
particular, the components of the drive system and its suspension are in perfect
working order.
Issue 09/98 Section 3 Page 1

Rev. 10.01.2000
3.4 Maintenance checklist

The following components should be checked for perfect working order during every
maintenance. Mechanical components have to be examined for corrosion, porosity
etc. and need to be replaced, if necessary.
Housing, Basic Unit Gaskets
Type plate
Arrow indicating direction of rotation Rotor, buckets, suspension gear
Frame
Mechanical fastening Rotor
Lid, panels, seals Check rotors for material fatigue (cracks); swing
rotors need checking whether all parts move
Lid lock easily; clean suspension and grease, if
necessary
For motor driven lid locks:
Check whether drive belt is dry and clean and Rotor accessories
regulate the tension, if necessary.
Rotor inserts
Check all moving parts of the lid lock and lid
Welding connections
hooks to see whether they move easily and
grease, if necessary Fastening of drum
Lid hooks Rotor lid screw
Product supply and outflow
Panels Rotor bearing
(Splash boards etc. inside) Seat of drum
Rotor chamber Bearing seat
Vibration damper: Gasket
Check the oil film of GI-metals and add silicon

oil, if necessary. Replace porous GI-metals Electrical installation
Check oil vibration damper for oil leakage and
sufficient oil content. Replace, if necessary.
Switches
Control lights, LEDs
Cables, cable connections
Auxiliary units Check grey wedge and light barrier

for scratches
Drives
For refrigerated centrifuges:
Fastening of rotor gearbox
Drive axle
Drive suspension Check start relay and RC-component on
compressor
Check rubber components and boot of
suspension with regard to cracks and
porosity, if necessary, replace (in particular
Carry out temperature run
the vibration dampers)
Coupling of drive and rotor

Check imbalance system
Read out ERROR list and erase
Collet chuck / Collet chuck screw
Rev. 10.01.2000
Carry out test run

Rev. 10.01.2000
3.5 Defect Report of Returned Parts
Please add this service information when returning defective parts. (We recommend
to make several copies of this page.)
Service Information Laboratory Centrifuges Service Information Laboratory Centrifuges
Centrifuge:________ Serial No.:___________ Centrifuge:________ Serial No.: ___________

Error message:_________________________ Error message: _________________________
Detailed description of fault:_______________ Detailed description of fault:_______________
______________________________________ ______________________________________
______________________________________ ______________________________________
______________________________________ ______________________________________
Confirmation: Returned part is not contaminated. Confirmation: Returned part is not contaminated.
Signature:_________________________ Signature:_________________________


______________________________________ ______________________________________
______________________________________ ______________________________________
______________________________________ ______________________________________


______________________________________ ______________________________________
______________________________________ ______________________________________
______________________________________ ______________________________________
3.6 Declaration of Decontamination / Return Declaration
Following declarations serve for keeping safety and health of our employees. Fill in the
forms and attach them when returning centrifuges, spare parts and accessories.
Please understand that we cannot carry out any work before we have the declarations.
(We recommend to make several copies of this page.)
!!!! Attention – This form must be glued on outside of the packing !!!!
Return Declaration
YES NO
Decontamination declaration inside :
Unit / component contaminated :
Unit / component unused (new) :
!!!! Attention – This form must be glued on outside of the packing !!!!
Declaration of Contamination of Centrifuges, Accessories and
Spare Parts
This declaration may only be filled in and signed by authorised staff.
Repair Order dtd. :
Order No. :
Type of unit : Serial No. :

Type of unit : Serial No. :
Accessories :
Is the equipment free from harmful substances? YES Ο NO Ο
If not, which substances have come into contact with the equipment?
Name of the substances :
Remarks (e.g. to be touched with gloves only) :___________________________________________

_________________________________________________________
General characteristics of the substances :

Corrosive Ο Explosive Ο
Biologically hazardous Ο Radioactive Ο
Toxic Ο
In combination with which substances may hazardous mixtures develop?

Name of the substances :
Has the equipment been cleaned before shipment? YES Ο NO Ο
Is the equipment decontaminated and not harmful to health? YES Ο NO Ο
Prior to repair, radioactively contaminated components must be decontaminated according to the valid
regulations for radiation protection.
Legally Binding Declaration
I / we hereby declare that the information on this declaration are correct and complete.
Company / Institute :
Street :
Postcode, City :
Tel. : FAX :
Name :
Date : Stamp :
Signature :
Section 4: Error Messages / Malfunctions
4 ERROR MESSAGES / MALFUNCTIONS.................................................................1

4.1 System of Error Messages...................................................................................1
4.1.1 ERROR List Zent1 / Zent2........................................................................................................ 1
4.1.2 ERROR List Zent3..................................................................................................................... 6
4.1.3 Error List Centrifuges 1-13, 1-16, 1-15, 1-15K, 2-3, 2-4, 2-5, 2-16 ............................................ 9
4.1.4 Error List Centrifuge 1-14........................................................................................................ 10
4.1.5 ERROR List Zent4................................................................................................................... 12
4.2 Malfunctions........................................................................................................ 13
4.2.1 Display dark, Zent3................................................................................................................. 13
4.2.2 Sporadic error -Imbalance-...................................................................................................... 13

Rev. 09.05.2005
4 Error Messages / Malfunctions

4.1 System of Error Messages
4.1.1 ERROR List Zent1 / Zent2

No Z1 Z2 Description Corrective Measures
1 • • CPU test indicates fault after power up Replace EPROM/replace microcontroller board
2 • • Stack overrun
3 • • Internal RAM faulty
4 • • External RAM faulty
5 • • Wrong checksum of EPROM
6 • • Processor communication faulty
7 • • Communication to display microcontroller faulty Check connection between microcontroller and display
board / Replace display board / replace microcontroller
board
8 • • Internal watchdog activated too frequently Check power supply of microcontroller board / replace
EPROM / replace microcontroller board
9 • • SW recognises non-permissible operating Replace EPROM / replace microcontroller board

conditions
11 • • CPU test of motor microcontroller indicates fault

after power up
12 • • Stack overflow in motor microcontroller
13 • Internal RAM of motor microcontroller faulty
14 • External RAM of motor microcontroller faulty
15 • Incorrect checksum of EPROM in motor

microcontroller
16 • Processor communication faulty
17 • Reset of motor microcontroller
18 • Internal watchdog of motor microcontroller Check power supply of microcontroller board / replace
activates too frequently EPROM / replace microcontroller board
19 • SW of motor microcontroller recognises non- Replace EPROM / replace microcontroller board

permissible conditions
20 • • Interrupt signal of speed sensor faulty Check connection between speed sensor and
microcontroller board (particularly shielding) / check
distance between Hall sensor and magnet (distance 1+/-0,5
mm) / replace speed sensor
21 • • Maximum speed exceeded
22 • • Speed sensor signal faulty
23 • Speed discrepancy between display and motor

microcontroller

Rev. 09.05.2005
24 • • Final speed not reached Check input voltage of centrifuge (see type plate) / check for
stiffness / replace power board / replace motor
25 • • Converter indicates fault Check input voltage of centrifuge (see type plate) / replace
power board / if error appears during braking, check braking
resistor
Applicable for models 1K15 up to No. 45807 without

interference suppression of lid relay when opening the
lid and closing it again immediately afterwards ->
retrofit lid relay interference suppression
When using printed circuit board no. 70417: Modify resistors

R57/R58 for measuring current to 0.034 Ω by installing a
resistor with 0.22 Ω in parallel (see drawing 70417)
When using printed circuit board no. 70416 or 70424:

Modify resistors R57/R58 for measuring current to 0.068 Ω
by installing a resistor with 0.56 Ω in parallel (see drawing
70416/70424)
26 • • MFR signal non-existent or faulty although Replace EPROM / replace microcontroller board
speed signal available
27 • Motor microcontroller does not generate a PWM

signal, or feedback signal is faulty
28 • • Start without speed signal Check connection between speed sensor and
distance between Hall sensor and magnet (distance 1+/-0,5
mm) / replace speed sensor
Check in service mode whether there is a signal / if signal

present, examine power board for fault.
If this error occurs, it is only cancelled after 12 - 30

minutes (depending on centrifuge type). The centrifuge
must remain switched on. Error can be reset in service
mode by ‘Delete lid lock’.
29 • • No speed signal during run Check connection between speed sensor and
microcontroller board (particularly shielding)
Check distance between Hall sensor and magnet (distance

1+/-0,5 mm) / replace speed sensor
If this error occurs, it is only cancelled after 12 - 30

minutes (depending on centrifuge type). The centrifuge
must remain switched on. Error can be reset in service
mode by ‘Delete lid lock’.
30 • • Internal comparison of overspeed faulty Replace EPROM / replace microcontroller board

Rev. 09.05.2005
31 • Motor microcontroller exceeded maximum speed Check connection between speed sensor and
Check distance between Hall sensor and magnet (distance

1+/-0,5 mm) / replace speed sensor
32 • Speed signal of motor microcontroller faulty
33 • Speed discrepancy between display and motor

microcontroller
34 • Final speed not reached by motor Check input voltage of centrifuge / check for stiffness
microcontroller
Replace power board / replace motor
35 • Converter indicates faulty motor microcontroller Check input voltage of centrifuge
Replace power board
36 • MFR signal non-existent or faulty although Replace EPROM / replace microcontroller board
speed signal available
37 • Motor microcontroller does not generate a PWM

signal, or feedback signal is faulty (see ERROR
28)
38 • Motor microcontroller starts without rotor Check connection between speed sensor and
Check distance between Hall sensor and magnet / replace

speed sensor
39 • No speed signal in motor microcontroller
40 • Hardware for speed control faulty Jumper on microcontroller board connected correctly? /
replace microcontroller board
41 • Hardware speed control activated at maximum Jumper list see section 6.2.1.6
rotor speed
42 • • Hardware for imbalance detection faulty Check connection between imbalance sensor and
microcontroller board / imbalance sensor not in the centre
between the two magnets? / replace imbalance sensor
43 • • Signal of imbalance sensor has unrealistic value (Check position, service mode No. 2, values between 300
and 400, for model 8K10 between 400 and 600)
50 • • Error during floating point calculation Replace EPROM / replace microcontroller board
51 • • Overflow during floating point calculation
52 • • Underflow during floating point calculation
69 • • EEPROM data not compatible with type of Erase EEPROM / replace EPROM / replace microcontroller
centrifuge board

Rev. 09.05.2005
70 • • EEPROM version not compatible with SW This error occurs the first time the microcontroller board is
version used after having been used with other types of
centrifuges / erase by pressing any key or mains off/on (also
applicable for error 77)
71 • • EEPROM not accessible Replace EPROM / replace microcontroller board
72 • • Error when rereading written EEPROM data
73 • • Checksum error when reading program data Erase EEPROM / replace EPROM / replace microcontroller
from EEPROM board
74 • • Checksum error when reading freely

programmable characteristic curves from
EEPROM
75 • • Checksum error when reading imbalance

characteristic curves from EEPROM
76 • • Checksum error when reading offset values from Erase EEPROM / replace EPROM / replace microcontroller
EEPROM board
77 • • Checksum error when reading EEPROM

variables
78 • • Lid not closed properly Mechanism is jammed / readjust / motor has not been
activated / replace board for motor control
79 • • Time difference between right and left hook is Check for foreign objects / close lid again / delete by
too great when closing lid pressing any key
Starting with software version 1.78 this fault will be cleared

automatically once the lid has been opened.
80 • • Board for lid control defective Replace board / check board for light barrier
Use software version > 1.79
81 • • Rotor turns (MFR) and lid is open (rotor has Check lid contact / check speed sensor
been turned very quickly manually / emergency
release was opened while motor was turning)
82 • • Test signal for lid locking is faulty Check lid switch and connection to power board / replace
power board / replace microcontroller board
83 • • Lid does not open after activating the lid release

device
84 • • Heat sink above 70 °C (switch) Heat sink too hot? -> improve ventilation / check
overtemperature switch and cable
85 • • Temperature inside rotor above 50° C Improve ventilation / check refrigeration system / check
power board
87 • • Temperature sensor signal faulty Check connection between temperature sensor and
microcontroller board / replace temperature sensor / replace
microcontroller board

Rev. 09.05.2005
88 • • Overtemperature switch of rotor chamber has Improve ventilation / check refrigeration system / check
been activated connection between overtemperature switch and power
board / replace overtemperature switch
Up to software version 1.62, this error corresponds to

error 84
90 • • Temperature sensor faulty Check connection between temperature sensor and

94 • • Signal of static imbalance sensor faulty Check connection between imbalance sensor and
95 • • Signal of dynamic Imbalance sensor faulty Replace EPROM / replace microcontroller board
98 • • Rotor identification not possible Distance between rotor and rotor code sensor too great? /
rotor used without magnets / check cable to rotor code
sensor / check rotor code sensor
99 • • Rotor has been identified but does not Insertion of incorrect rotor / distance between rotor and rotor
correspond to selected rotor code sensor too great? / rotor used without magnets / check
cable to rotor code sensor / check rotor code sensor

Rev. 09.05.2005
4.1.2 ERROR List Zent3

No Description Corrective Measures
2 Stack overrun Replace EPROM / replace microcontroller board
5 Wrong checksum of EPROM
8 Internal watchdog activated too frequently Check power supply of microcontroller board / replace
EPROM / replace microcontroller board
9 SW recognises non-permissible operating conditions Replace EPROM / replace microcontroller board
20 Interrupt signal of speed sensor faulty Check connection between speed sensor and microcontroller
board (particularly shielding) / check distance between Hall
sensor and magnet (distance 1+/-0,5 mm) / replace speed
sensor
21 Maximum speed exceeded
22 Speed sensor signal faulty
23 No signal from speed sensor microcontroller
24 Rotor does not rotate - Check for foreign bodies inside the centrifuge → remove
them
- Mechanical damage or fault in the motor winding → replace
motor
- Check connecting cable and plug between motor and power
board → renew connection between cable and plug and re-
establish contact
- Power board defective →replace power board
- Check all connecting cables → re-establish contact
- Microcontroller board defective (No control signals for power
board) → replace microcontroller board
25 Converter indicates fault Check input voltage of centrifuge / replace power board / if
error appears during braking, check braking resistor
26 MFR signal non-existent or faulty although speed signal Replace EPROM / replace microcontroller board
available
27 Overspeed detected Check connection between speed sensor and microcontroller

board (particularly shielding) / check distance between Hall
sensor or:
Replace EPROM, overspeed controller or microcontroller

board
28 No speed signal or rotor does not rotate Correct faults no. 23 or 24 (fault exists only in centrifuges
without rotor identification)

Rev. 09.05.2005
29 No speed signal during run Check connection between speed sensor and microcontroller
board (particularly shielding) / Check distance between Hall
sensor
40 Test of system: Overspeed not detected / overspend Replace overspeed controller or EPROM
controller not compatible with EPROM
41 Test of system: Overspeed detected / overspend

controller not compatible with EPROM
42 Test of system: imbalance detection faulty Check grey wedge of the light barrier of the imbalance system
Replace microcontroller board
43 Signal of imbalance sensor has wrong offset value Recalibrate imbalance detection system
50 Error during floating point calculation Replace EPROM / replace microcontroller board
51 Overflow during floating point calculation
52 Underflow during floating point calculation
69 EEPROM data not compatible with type of centrifuge Erase EEPROM / replace EPROM / replace microcontroller
board
This error occurs, if the microcontroller board has been used

previously for other types of centrifuges / erase by pressing
any key or mains off/on (also applicable for error 77)
70 EEPROM version not compatible with SW version
71 EEPROM not accessible Replace EPROM / replace microcontroller board
72 Error during data transfer with EEPROM. EEPROM is Replace EPROM / replace microcontroller board
defective of communication is disrupted
73 Checksum error when reading program data from Erase EEPROM / replace EPROM / replace microcontroller
EEPROM board
75 Checksum error when reading imbalance characteristic

curves from EEPROM
77 Checksum error when reading EEPROM variables
78 Lid not closed properly Mechanism is jammed / readjust / motor has not been
activated / replace board for motor control
79 Time difference between right and left hook is too great Check for foreign objects / close lid again / delete error by
when closing lid pressing any key.
80 Board for lid control defective Replace board / check light barrier board
81 Rotor turns (MFR) and lid is open (rotor has been turned Check lid contact / check lid sensor
very quickly manually / emergency release was opened
while motor was turning)

Rev. 09.05.2005
82 Test signal for lid locking is faulty Check lid switch and connection to power board / replace
83 Lid does not open after activating the lid release device
84 Heat sink above 70 °C (switch) Heat sink too hot? -> improve ventilation / check
overtemperature switch and cable
85 Temperature inside rotor above 50° C Improve ventilation / check refrigeration system / check power
board
87 Temperature sensor signal faulty Check connection between temperature sensor and
88 Overtemperature switch of rotor chamber has been Improve ventilation / check refrigeration system / check
activated connection between overtemperature switch and power
board / replace overtemperature switch
90 Temperature sensor faulty Check connection between temperature sensor and

94 Signal of static imbalance sensor faulty Check connection between imbalance sensor and
95 Signal of dynamic imbalance sensor faulty Replace EPROM / replace microcontroller board
98 Rotor identification not possible Distance between rotor and rotor code sensor too great? /
rotor used without magnets / check cable to rotor code
sensor / check rotor code sensor
99 Rotor has been identified but does not correspond to Insertion of incorrect rotor / distance between rotor and rotor
selected rotor code sensor too great? / rotor used without magnets / check
cable to rotor code sensor / check rotor code sensor

Rev. 09.05.2005
4.1.3 Error List Centrifuges 1-13, 1-16, 1-15, 1-15K, 2-3, 2-4, 2-5, 2-16
No. valid Description Corrective Measures
for
1 Speed sensor signal faulty Check connection between speed sensor and
distance between Hall sensor and magnet (distance 1+/-
0,5mm) / replace speed sensor
2 No speed signal available
3 Centrifuge does not start up Check speed sensor / check inverter / check connection
between motor and microcontroller board / check motor
4 Lid does not open after activating the lid release device Check lid switch and connection to power board / replace
5 Rotor turns and lid is open (rotor has been turned very Check lid switch and speed sensor
quickly manually / emergency release has been used while
rotor has been turning)
all
6 MFR signal non-existent or faulty although speed signal Replace microcontroller board / replace rotor
available / same poles of rotor magnets following one
another
7 Maximal um speed has been exceeded Check connection between speed sensor and
distance between Hall sensor and magnet (distance 1+/-
0,5mm) / replace speed sensor
8 CPU test faulty Replace microcontroller board
9 Checksum error of EPROM of motor microcontroller
10 Software recognises non-permissible operating conditions
11 Wrong setting of jumpers (not possible in 1-15K, 2-16) Check setting, see table 6.5 “Setting of jumpers”
12 1-15K Imbalance recognised Eliminate imbalance / adjust imbalance sensor

2-16
2-5*
1-6*
1-15*
13 1-15K Malfunction of temperature sensor Check temperature sensor / not connected of defective
14 1-15K Overtemperature (>50°C) Let cool down / check refrigeration unit / check switching
function of relay K2
15 2-16 Rotor code not recognised or read error Check rotor code sensor / check magnet codification of
rotor
16 2-16 Rotor not allowed / rotor magnets too weak Check rotor / replace rotor
17 1-15K EEPROM write / read error Replace microcontroller board

2-16
* from software version 3.9

Rev. 09.05.2005
4.1.4 Error List Centrifuge 1-14
No. Kind of Error Description Corrective Measures

Check assembling of speed sensor
1 serious Tacho signal faulty
(connection, distance, laying of cables)
2 serious Tacho signal missing see above
Check fuse; if defective, replace
3 serious Converter faulty
electronics
Does the lid clamp? The microswitch must
4 normal Lid could not be opened click. Check latch for abrasion. Is the lid
motor blocked or not connected?
If emergency lid release is not operated
5 serious Lid is open and rotor turns and error is reproducible: replace
electronics
6 serious Standstill recognition faulty If reproducible: replace electronics
Check speed sensor. Interference caused
7 serious Overspeed
by other devices?
8 serious Microcontroller faulty If reproducible: replace electronics
9 - - -
Software faulty. Please send description of
10 reset Undefined software state course of events to our development
department
Software faulty. Please send description of
11 serious Stack overflow course of events to our development
department
12 - - -
13 - - -
14 - - -
15 - - -
16 – 18 normal Lid electronics faulty If reproducible: replace electronics
If no power failure occurred: check power
19 information Power failure during run
cord and fuse

Rev. 09.05.2005
• Error Display Models 1-6, 1-15, 1-15K, 2-5 and 2-16
In these models, the number of the error that has occurred is indicated by the
position of the hand in the time display. At the same time the three keys and all
segments of the speed display light up.
• Error Display Models 1-13, 2-3 and 2-4
In models 1-13, 2-3 and 2-4, an error is indicated by the “Start” LED flashing on and
off quickly. The number of flashes of the “Lid ” LED indicates the number of the error.
• Error Display Model 1-14
The error mode is indicated by "ERR". The error number is shown in the time display.
When "ERR" and "Safe" appear alternately in the display, operate power on/off not
until "OFF" has been displayed.
Error messages must be acknowledged by pressing the lid key.

Rev. 09.05.2005
4.1.5 ERROR List Zent4
Nr. Valid for Internal name. Description trouble shooting

1 SPD_BAD_TACH Speed sensor signal disturbed - Check speed sensor function in service
mode
- Check speed sensor plug, socket and
cable
- Check ground shielding of cable
2 SPD_NO_TACH speed sensor signal not present after start - Check speed sensor function in service
mode
- Check speed sensor plug, socket and
cable
3 DRIVE_FAIL - power-board not ready (no “WRB” signal) or - Replace power-board
- inverter voltage to high or - Check main voltage
- set speed not reachable - Check brake resistor
4 DOOR_OPEN_FAIL No „lid open“ signal after pressing the lid button - Check lid sensor system
- Replace power-board
5 DOOR_OPEN_SPIN Rotor is spinning while lid is open - Check lid sensor system
- Check plugs and sockets on power-board
6 All MFR_FAIL No mono-flop signal (MFR) while speed and - Check MFR function in service mode
rotor-code signals are present - Replace control-board
7 SPD_OVERSPD Current speed exceeds max. allowed speed for - Check speed sensor function
more than 200 rpm. Also possible when rotor- - Check speed sensor plug, socket and
code identification don’t works correctly cable
- Check rotor-code sensor
8 CPU_FAIL Internal micro-controller failure - Replace control-board
9 DOOR_TRANSISTOR Lid-transistor V10 or V11 resp. V27 defective - Check V10/V11/V27 on power-board
- Check relays K2
10 SW_PROBLEMS Undefined software state - Replace control-board
- Firmware-Update
12 IMBAL_FAIL Imbalance detected - Remove imbalance

- Adjust imbalance sensor
13 1-15K TEMP_OUT_OF_RANGE Temperature sensor failure - Check temperature sensor

2-16K - Check temp. sensor plug, socket and
3-16K cable
14 1-15K TEMP_OVER_CTRL_MAX Chamber temperature exceed 50°C - Cool down chamber

2-16K - Check compressor function
3-16K - Check relays function
15 2-16 ROTORID_BAD No rotor-code detected or measurement error - Check rotor-code sensor system
2-16K - Check magnets of the rotor
3-16
3-16K
16 2-16 ROTORID_WRONG Rotor-code detected but not valid (not present in - Check rotor
2-16K the rotor listing)
3-16
3-16K
17 All EEPROM_HW_FAIL EEPROM read/write error - Replace control-board
- Firmware-Update
18 All LPCOM_ERROR Communication error between power-board and - Check 10 pole flat connection cable
control-board - Check compatibility between power-board
version and control-board version
- Replace control-board /power-board
19 3-16 FLOAT_NAN Floating point calculation error - Firmware-Update

3-16K
20 3-16 FLOAT_POSINF Positive overflow in speed/rcf calculation - Firmware-Update
3-16K
21 3-16 FLOAT_NEGINF Negative overflow in speed/rcf calculation - Firmware-Update
3-16K
22 3-16 OVERCURRENT Over-current power-board - Replace power-board
3-16K - Firmware-Update
23 All HIGH_SPD_DIFF Difference between power-board- and - Replace power-board/control-board
control-board speed-calculation - Check 10 pole flat connection cable
24 3-16K OVERTEMP_SWITCH Over-temperature switch chamber released - Cool down chamber

- Check compressor function
- Check relays function
25 3-16 OVERTEMP_IGBT IGBT-overtemperature, value limits: - Cool down centrifuge

3-16K CB SW-version ≤ 2.5: 80°C - Check fan function
CB SW-version ≥ 2.6: 100°C - Replace power-board
26 3-16 OVERTEMP_DRIVE Over-temperature switch drive released - Cool down centrifuge

Rev. 09.05.2005
3-16K Drive temperature >140°C - Check drive cables, plugs and sockets
When the error is released by the powerboard, „Pb“ is additionally displayed in the setspeed area.
4.2 Malfunctions
4.2.1 Display dark, Zent3

If the display is dark, it is not possible to restore the contrast.
It is necessary to erase the EEPROM completely, applying the code 1 2 3 4 (see

section 7.5.2 service mode Zent3).
NOTE: The imbalance and offset values have to be entered again. If the sticker
on the cover in the front is missing, a parameter setting run has to be
carried out to determine the imbalance values anew.
4.2.2 Sporadic error -Imbalance-

An incomprehensible error message "Imbalance" will stop the run although the
buckets are in balance.
Cause: Scratches on the grey wedge of the imbalance sensor.
Corrective measure: Replace grey wedge, carry out parameter setting run.

Rev. 09.05.2005
Section 5: Main Components
1 MAIN COMPONENTS...........................................................................2
5.1 Panels.............................................................................................................................................. 2
5.1.1 Dismantling of Panels in Model 1-13..........................................................................................................2
5.1.2 Dismantling of Panels in Models 1-6 and 1-15...........................................................................................2
5.1.3 Dismantling of Panels in Models 2-3, 2-4 and 2-15....................................................................................3
5.1.4 Dismantling of Panels in Models with Steel Sheet Housing......................................................................3
5.1.5 Dismantling of Panels in Model 8K10........................................................................................................5
5.1.6 Dismantling of Panels in Model 2-5............................................................................................................6
5.2 Lid 8
5.2.1 Lid Emergency Release..............................................................................................................................8
5.2.2 Lid Locks....................................................................................................................................................9
5.2.2.1 Removal of Lid Locks........................................................................................................................9
5.2.3. Lid Gasket...............................................................................................................................................11
5.2.3.1 Replacement of Lid Gasket in Models 1-15K, 1K15, 2K15,
4-15, 4K15, 6-15 and 6K15...........................................................................................................................11
5.2.3.2 Replacement of Lid Gasket in Model 8K10.....................................................................................11
5.2.4 Relief Springs...........................................................................................................................................11
5.2.4.1 Removal of Relief Springs in Models 1-6 and 1-15.........................................................................11
5.2.4.2 Removal of Relief Springs in Models 2-3, 2-4 and 2-15..................................................................12
5.2.4.3 Removal of Relief Springs in Centrifuges with Steel Sheet Housing..............................................12
5.2.4.4 Gas Pressure Springs........................................................................................................................13
5.2.4.5 Gas Pressure Springs (Models 1-15K, 2-5, 2-16).............................................................................13
Loosen lower fastening screw of the gas pressure spring at the bottom side of the centrifuge (see fig. 5.11).
Remove pressure spring in upward direction. ...................................................................................................14
5.2.5 Lid of Model 8K10...................................................................................................................................14
5.3 Drive System of Centrifuge........................................................................................................ 15
5.3.1 Motor Suspension.....................................................................................................................................15
5.3.2 Rubber Boot..............................................................................................................................................15
5.3.3 Vibration Damper.....................................................................................................................................15
5.3.3.1 Vertical Vibration Damper...............................................................................................................16
5.3.4 Removal of Motor...................................................................................................................................17
5.3.4.1 Preparatory Work for all Models.....................................................................................................17
5.3.4.2 Removal of Motor in Model 1-13......................................................................................................18
5.3.4.3 Removal of Motor in Models 1-6 and 1-15.......................................................................................18
5.3.4.4 Removal of Motor in Models 2-3 and 2-4.........................................................................................18
5.3.4.5 Removal of Motor in Model 2-15.....................................................................................................19
5.3.4.6 Removal of Motor in Models 2K15 (starting with serial no. 51003) and models of the 3-range .. .19
5.3.4.7 Removal of Motor in Models 4-15, 4K15, 6-15 and 6K15..............................................................19
5.3.4.8 Removal of Motor in Model 8K10...................................................................................................19
5.3.4.9 Removal of Motor in Models 1-5K and 2-5.....................................................................................20
5.3.4.10 Removal of Motor in Model 2-16...................................................................................................20
5.3.5 Installation of Motor.................................................................................................................................21
5.3.5.1 Special Information for Models 2-3 and 2-4....................................................................................21
5.4 Fuses............................................................................................................................................. 21
5.5 Refrigeration System................................................................................................................. 22
5.5.1 Air Cooling of Centrifuge........................................................................................................................22
5.5.2 Cooling of Centrifuge by Refrigeration...................................................................................................23
5.5.2.1 Compressor.......................................................................................................................................23
5.5.2.2 Cooling Agent Condensor................................................................................................................23
5.5.2.3 Expansion Device.............................................................................................................................23
5.5.2.4 Vaporizer..........................................................................................................................................24
5.5.2.5 Working on the Refrigeration System..............................................................................................24
5.5.2.6 Quantity of Cooling Agent...............................................................................................................24

Rev. 10.01.2000
1 Main Components
5.1 Panels
CAUTION !
Prior to working on the centrifuge disconnect mains power plug
and make sure it cannot be reconnected by mistake (e.g. by means
of a warning sign)!
5.1.1 Dismantling of Panels in Model 1-13

• Open lid
• Disconnect mains power plug and make sure it cannot be reconnected by

mistake (e.g. by means of a warning sign)!
• Remove rotor
• Unscrew the four screws of the metal motor cover in the middle of the rotor
chamber and remove cover
• Lay centrifuge on its back
• Unscrew the four screws of the bottom plate
• Put centrifuge back into upright position
• Remove panels in upward direction
• Disconnect cables
5.1.2 Dismantling of Panels in Models 1-6 and 1-15

• Open lid
• Disconnect mains power plug and make sure it cannot be reconnected by

mistake (e.g. by means of a warning sign)!
• Lay centrifuge on its back
• Unscrew the four nuts in the middle of the bottom plate
• Put centrifuge back into upright position

Rev. 10.01.2000
• Unscrew the two screws on the left and right of the front panel of the housing
• Remove panels in upward direction, disconnect cables!
5.1.3 Dismantling of Panels in Models 2-3, 2-4 and 2-15

• Disconnect mains power plug and secure against re-connection by mistake
(e.g. by means of a warning sign)!
• Turn centrifuge upside down
• Unscrew and remove bottom plate of centrifuge; all components inside the
centrifuge are now readily accessible
5.1.4 Dismantling of Panels in Models with Steel Sheet

Housing
(Models 1K15, 2K15, 3-15, 3K15, 3K18, 3K30, 4-15, 4K15, 6-15, 6K15)
Front and back panels of centrifuge must be removed completely to gain access to
the electronic and mechanical components and refrigeration system.
Disconnect mains power plug and • If the panel needs to be removed

secure against re-connection by completely, mark the connecting
mistake (e.g. by means of a warning plugs to the microcontroller board
sign)! prior to disconnecting. This helps to
prevent wrong re-connections at a
• Unscrew the screws at the top (1) later stage.
and bottom on the front when lid(1) is
open (in some models only at the Fig. 5.1: Front of centrifuge
bottom) and pull out the front panel.

Rev. 10.01.2000
After its removal the front panel can be inserted into the groove in the housing (see
fig. 5.2). It is now possible to work on the front part of the centrifuge and it is no
longer necessary to disconnect the cables. It is important to ensure that the front
panel rests on a firm surface (the distance between the front lower edge of the
centrifuge and the edge of the table should be at least 10 cm).
Fig. 5.2: Front panel opened
Unscrew the respective screws to dismantle the back panel.
In addition it is necessary with some models to remove the housing when carrying
out other service tasks.

Rev. 10.01.2000
5.1.5 Dismantling of Panels in Model 8K10

Both front panels and the lower side panels have to be removed in order to gain
access to the electronic and mechanical components and the refrigeration system. If
necessary, the back panel can be removed by unscrewing the screws visible from
the outside.
1. Removal of front grid:
• By loosening the screws from

underneath (1), the grid can be
pulled out of the long holes and
(a) put aside.
(2) • It is only secured by means of

(3)
locating bolts in the upper
panel.
Fig. 5.3: Position of screws in model 8K10

(1)
3. Removal of the lower side panel
• Loosen the six fastening screws (3) to

2. Removal of the upper front panel
remove the side panels!
• Loosen both screws (2) after removal
of the front.
• Caution: The cable connection to

the remote control unit (a) must be
disconnected prior to removing the
panel!

Rev. 10.01.2000

• Open lid
• Disconnect mains power plug and secure against re-connection by mistake (e.g.
by means of a warning sign)
• Remove rotor
• Unscrew the four screws of the motor cover and remove it
• Unlock clip of the gas pressure spring and draw it out of the connection between
lid and gas pressure spring (see section 5.2.4.5, fig. 5.10)
• Loosen two lateral (1) and the lower (2) screw of the
front panel (see fig. 5.4)
(1)
• Remove front panel in downward direction and to the

front (tip centrifuge slightly back)
(2)
• Loosen the two upper housing fastening screws (1) Fig. 5.4: of
Position of the screws
the front panel
at the metal angles at the front right/left (see fig. 5.5)
(1)
• Disconnect flat cable between microcontroller board
and power board
• Loosen the two recessed head screws (1) at the Fig. 5.5: Position of the housing
back panel right/left (see fig. 5.6) fastening screws
• Remove upper housing part to the front and in upward

direction
(1)
Fig. 5.6: Position of the recessed

head screws at the back
panel

Rev. 10.01.2000
5.1.7 Dismantling of Panels in Model 1-15K

• Open lid
• Loosen two lateral (1) and the lower (2) screw of the front panel (see fig. 5.4)
• Remove front panel in downward direction and to the front (tip centrifuge slightly
back)
• Loosen the two upper housing fastening screws (1) at the metal angles at the
front right/left (see fig. 5.5)
• Loosen six screws at the back panel and remove it
• Loosen two appearing recessed head screws (1) at the

top right/left (see fig. 5.7)
• Disconnect flat cable between microcontroller board

and power board (1)
• Remove upper housing part to the front and in upward

direction
Fig. 5.7: Position of the recessed
head screws

• Open lid
• Loosen two lateral (1) and the lower (2) screw of the front panel (see fig. 5.4)
• Remove front panel in downward direction and to the front (tip centrifuge slightly
back)
• Loosen the two upper housing fastening screws (1) at the metal angles at the
front right/left (see fig. 5.5)

Rev. 10.01.2000
• Remove rotor
• Disconnect electrical connection between rotor identification and power board
• Unscrew the four screws of the motor cover and remove it
• Loosen the two recessed head screws (1) at the back panel right/left (see fig. 5.6)
• Remove upper housing part to the front and in upward direction
5.2 Lid
5.2.1 Lid Emergency Release

By means of the emergency release device it is possible to open the lid without
removing the panels (e.g. in case of a power failure). Please refer to the respective
operating instructions concerning the functioning and position of the emergency
release device.
CAUTION!
Release the lid lock only if the rotor does not turn and
any possible danger to other persons can be excluded!
5.2.1.1 Lid Emergency Release in Models 1-15 and 1-6

If the lid emergency release as described in the operating instructions is not possible
due to a torn cord, proceed as follows:
• Caution! Disconnect mains power plug!
• Drill a hole (Ø 4.8 mm) into both sides of the housing (see fig. 5.8).
• Insert 2 screw drivers simultaneously approx. 6 cm into the holes.
• Push the screw drivers carefully in upward direction. Thus the closing spring of
the lid locks are pressed down and the locks are released

Rev. 10.01.2000
Hole on both sides
Fig. 5.8: Drilling drawing for lateral lid emergency release
5.2.2 Lid Locks

Models 1-6, 1-13, 1-15, 1-15K, 1K15, 2-3, 2-4, 2-5, 2-15, 2-16, 2K15, 3-15, 3K15 and
3K18 are fitted with an electromagnetic lid lock and models 3K30, 4-15, 4K15, 6-15,
6K15 and 8K10 with a motor driven lid lock.
5.2.2.1 Removal of Lid Locks

The steps to remove the lid locks are in principle identical.
• Open lid
• Caution! Disconnect mains power plug!
• Remove key pad (models 1-13, 1-15K, 2-3, 2-4, 2-5, 2-15 and 2-16) or
front panel (section 5.1)
• Disconnect power supply of lids from the power board or power supply
unit (6 pin plug respectively 4 pin plug in model 1-13; 4 pin plug and 2 pin
plug up to model 2-16)!

Rev. 10.01.2000
• Loosen screws from the top. In models 1-15K, 2-5 and 2-16 from the
front.
• Pull out lock downwards
• Activate emergency release, if necessary, cut off cord
To assemble proceed in reverse order. Do not forget to adjust the lock!
• All movable parts of the lock and the lid hooks must be greased sufficiently
to prevent increased wear and stiffness!
• Particular attention must be paid to the drive belt of the motor driven locks.
The belt must be dry and clean and its tension may have to be adjusted.
Note: If it is necessary to carry out an operational test of the centrifuge with the lid
open, block the locks from above by inserting a separate lid hook into
the rectangular opening in the lock. The service department at Sigma
must be consulted when working on centrifuges with a motor driven
lock.
CAUTION!
There is considerable danger for people in the vicinity of the
centrifuge if the centrifuge is operated with the lid open!

Rev. 10.01.2000
5.2.3. Lid Gasket
5.2.3.1 Replacement of Lid Gasket in Models 1-15K, 1K15,

2K15,
4-15, 4K15, 6-15 and 6K15
• Put the lid gasket on the centrifuge table

Profile of gasket plate starting from the front.
Part-No. 24191
Table top • Glue joint of gasket with a rubber glue
of centrifuge (e.g. Sicomet 8400).
• Knock gasket firmly into place using a

rubber mallet and seal off the joint on the
edge of the chamber with silicon.
Inside of • From outside punch a hole of approx.

rotor 2mm ∅ into the rubber gasket approx. 1
chamber cm from the joint (ventilation hole for
Insulation rubber gasket).
Fig. 5.9: Lid gasket (the lid gasket of model 6-15 does not correspond to the drawing)
5.2.3.2 Replacement of Lid Gasket in Model 8K10

The replacement of the gasket in model 8K10 requires the dismantling of the inner
insulating panel. See section 3.7.
5.2.4 Relief Springs

5.2.4.1 Removal of Relief Springs in Models 1-6 and 1-15
• Open lid
• Remove panel (see 5.1.2)
• Loosen both screws on the lid from outside, hold pin from inside while doing so
(e.g. with pliers)
• Remove lid

Rev. 10.01.2000
• Pull out the pins which are inserted into the lid and to which the springs are
attached
• Remove springs
To install proceed in reverse order!
5.2.4.2 Removal of Relief Springs in Models 2-3, 2-4 and 2-15

• Open lid
• Loosen the six screws on the inside of the lid
• Remove plastic lid
• Bend springs towards the outside with pliers and remove lid
• Press ends of the hinge axle together and remove together with springs
5.2.4.3 Removal of Relief Springs in Centrifuges with Steel

Sheet Housing
(Models 1K15 , 2K15, 3K15, 3K18)
• Open lid
• Loosen both screws on the lid from outside, hold pin from inside while doing so
(e.g. with pliers)
• Remove lid
• Pull out the pins which are inserted into the lid and to which the springs are
attached.
• Remove springs

Rev. 10.01.2000
5.2.4.4 Gas Pressure Springs

(Models 3K30, 4-15, 4K15, 6-15, 6K15 and 8K10)
Gas pressure springs are used in these models to relieve the lid. The lower fastening
point is a metal angle at the back of the armoured rotor chamber or a mounting point
at the bottom of the centrifuge.
Removal in models 3K30, 4-15, 4K15, 6-15 and 6K15 :
• Remove back panel of centrifuge
• Open lid completely and support it firmly
• Secure lid
• Open clamping device on the fastening point of the pressure spring manually
Removal in model 8K10:
• Remove upper side panels (see 5.1.5)
• Open lid completely and support it firmly
• Secure lid
• Loosen nuts on the lower fastening point of the spring
• Punch out pin in the upper fastening point of the spring
5.2.4.5 Gas Pressure Springs (Models 1-15K, 2-5, 2-16)

(also refer to 5.2.4.4)
• Open lid completely and secure it
• Unlock clip of the gas pressure spring and

draw it out of the connection between lid and
gas pressure spring (see fig. 5.10)
Fig. 5.10: Position of the clip of the

gas pressure spring

Rev. 10.01.2000
1.1.1
• Loosen lower fastening screw of the gas

pressure spring at the bottom side of the
centrifuge (see fig. 5.11). Remove pressure
spring in upward direction.
• Install clip at the new gas pressure spring
Fig. 5.11: Position of the lower

fastening screw
5.2.5 Lid of Model 8K10

The lid of model 8K10 is fitted with a locking mechanism which consists of eight
motor driven bolts.
CAUTION!
The lid is heavy due to its construction and size.
• Open lid.
• Loosen the five screws on the front edge on the top of the lid
• Pull top side of lid towards you (hold firmly on both right and left side). The lid is
clamped in tightly at the other side and therefore does not move easily. Secure
the lid by a another person, as the lid becomes lighter once the top side has been
removed and can shoot up.
Now the inside of the lid is easily accessible:
• Only when the lid is closed is the motor for locking the lid supplied with power via
contact switches in the hinge.
• Microswitches on one of the hooks provide information on the “lid closed” position
• Order parts for the locking system separately!
Lid gasket:
• On the inside of the lid there are 12 screws holding the insulating plate in position
from above. The screws are located in two circles. Eight screws in the outer circle
and 4 in the inner circle. The inner screws can only be loosened once the excenter
wheel of the locking mechanism has been turned slightly. The insulating plate then
falls down onto the supporting rim.

Rev. 10.01.2000
• The gasket is stretched over the rim

and can now be replaced.
Make sure that the new gasket is

positioned correctly!
Fig. 5.12: Lid gasket 8K10
Removal of lid:
Removing the lid requires a great amount of time and effort and should therefore be
avoided.
5.3 Drive System of Centrifuge
5.3.1 Motor Suspension

The motor is suspended by means of vertical and/or horizontal vibration dampers of
various kinds. The following sections describe these and specify the models for
which they are used.
5.3.2 Rubber Boot

In models 1-15K, 1K15, 2K15, 3-15, 3K15, 3K18, 3K30, 4-15, 4K15, 6-15, 6K15 and
8K10 there is a rubber boot at the top of the motor. It is screwed to the motor using a
round cover plate.
The rubber boot seals the rotor chamber against the motor. It is inserted into the
respective opening at the bottom of the rotor plate.
The connecting cable of the rotor identification which is screwed to the cover plate
(see section 7) runs through the rubber boot.
5.3.3 Vibration Damper

Vibrations caused by an imbalance can be reduced by means of effective vibration
dampers acting in horizontal and vertical direction.
Due to the safety relevant function of the vibration dampers, special care must be
taken with respect to them during maintenance. Please observe the instructions of
section 3 and the respective accident prevention regulations in their valid versions (in
Germany according to VBG 7z).

Rev. 10.01.2000
5.3.3.1 Vertical Vibration Damper

4 types of vertical vibration dampers are used:
• Rubber buffer (models 1-6, 1-13, 1-15, 1-15K, 4-15, 4K15, 6-15, 6K15 and
8K10)
• Oil vibration dampers (model 3K30)
• Rubber flange (models 2-3 and 2-4)
• GI metals (models 2-15, 2-16, 2K15, 3-15, 3K15, 3K18)
The base plate of the motor is suspended freely beneath the armoured chamber. In
nearly all models this connection is dampened with rubber buffers.
Removal:
• Loosen the nuts at the bottom of the

armoured chamber.
• Unscrew and remove the 2

hexagonal screws holding the buffer
(1).
• Take the rubber buffer out of the

supporting bracket.
To install proceed in reverse order. Place

friction washers (2) at both ends and
make sure the rubber buffer is not
twisted during the tightening of the
screws.
Fig. 5.13: Vertical vibration damper
The motor in models 1-6, 1-13, 1-15, 1-15K, 1K15, 2-5, 2-16, 4-15, 4K15, 6-15, 6K15
and 8K10 is supported on vertical metal rubber elements. The only difference to be
observed is that the motor is mounted either standing on the bottom of the centrifuge
or hanging underneath the armoured chamber.
Model 3K30 is fitted with oil vibration dampers. The vertical vibration dampers are
attached to the motor base plate with a hexagonal lock nut and to the frame by a
plastic clamping device, the horizontal vibration damper are attached to the
motor/motor flange with a horizontally oriented threaded bolt and to the frame by a
plastic clamping device.

Rev. 10.01.2000
Replace vibration dampers if one of the following applies:
• vibration damper piston is not swimming in oil.
• external traces of oil.
• rubber parts are porous.
Removal in model 3K30:
• Pull damper out of clamping device
• Loosen hexagonal nut
• Unscrew rubber buffer
To install proceed in reverse order.
Tighten lock nut firmly!
Fig. 5.14: Oil vibration damper
Note: The horizontal oil vibration damper is filled with thin oil and the vertical oil
vibration damper with viscous oil. Vibration dampers with thin oil are
marked with a ’3’ inside a circle. Do not mix them up despite their
identical appearance!
5.3.4 Removal of Motor
5.3.4.1 Preparatory Work for all Models

• Open lid.
CAUTION!
Disconnect mains power plug and make sure it cannot be
reconnected by mistake (e.g. by means of a warning sign)!
• Remove panels: depending on model front and back panel, in some cases also
side panels (8K10) or all panels (for microphages see 5.1).
• Important! The rotor has to be removed first. Loosen the collet chuck screw and
take out the rotor. On models of the 4- and 6-range, there is a cone mounted on
the drive shaft which has to be taken off additionally. A suitable extractor tool has
to be employed for this. Another screw should be screwed back into the thread in
such a way that the extracting tool does not press into the collet chuck and widen
it.

Rev. 10.01.2000
• Unscrew the cover plate with the rotor identification signal generator and take out
the rubber boot which seals the rotor chamber at the bottom (not in all models).
• Disconnect all connections from the drive to the speed sensor board, the power
board and the microcontroller board. Mark all connections clearly prior to
disconnecting.
5.3.4.2 Removal of Motor in Model 1-13

• Carry out general preparatory work (see 5.3.4.1)
• Loosen the three nuts on the socket of the drive
• Take out motor towards the top
5.3.4.3 Removal of Motor in Models 1-6 and 1-15

• Carry out general preparatory work (see 5.3.4.1)
• Loosen the three screws on the socket of the drive from the top
• Pull drive unit upwards to take out
5.3.4.4 Removal of Motor in Models 2-3 and 2-4

• Take out rotor
• Disconnect mains power plug!
• Turn centrifuge upside down
• Unscrew bottom plate of centrifuge
• Disconnect cables
• Mark positioning of the installed motor on the motor for reinstallation
• Loosen fastening clip on the motor
• Pull out motor

Rev. 10.01.2000

• Place centrifuge on its side.
• Unscrew the 4 screws on the bottom of the centrifuge and take off bottom
plate.
• Disconnect the cable to the speed sensor board
• 4 screws hold the motor and the speed sensor board in place. Unscrew 3 of
the 4 screws on the bracket holding the speed sensor board and remove
speed sensor board. The last screw holds the motor in place.
• Unscrew the last screw and pull motor out through the rotor chamber.
5.3.4.6 Removal of Motor in Models 2K15 (starting with

serial no. 51003) and models of the 3-range
• Place centrifuge in such a way (e.g. between two trestles or between two tables)
that the bottom of the centrifuge is easily accessible from below.
• Unscrew bottom cover
• Unscrew the four visible fastening nuts
• Pull motor out through the top
5.3.4.7 Removal of Motor in Models 4-15, 4K15, 6-15 and

6K15
• Carry out all general preparatory work (see 5.3.4.1)
• Unscrew the 3 respectively 6 fastening nuts with a long socket spanner between
housing and motor from above.
• Take motor out through the top
5.3.4.8 Removal of Motor in Model 8K10

• Open lid

Rev. 10.01.2000
CAUTION!
Disconnect mains power plug and make sure it cannot be reconnected
by mistake (e.g. by means of a warning sign)!
• Loosen 6 screws of the rubber boot in the rotor chamber
• Remove front grid and, if necessary, the lower panel on the left-hand side (see
5.1.3)
• Loosen 8 screws on the bearing block (at the bottom of centrifuge)
• Disconnect cable connection (contactor, speed sensor, rotor identification and

imbalance).
• Take whole unit out towards the top (if necessary using hoisting equipment due
to its weight)
5.3.4.9 Removal of Motor in Models 1-5K and 2-5

• Place centrifuge in such a way (e.g. between two

trestles or between two tables) that the bottom of
the centrifuge is easily accessible from below. If
necessary, place centrifuge on its back.
• Loosen the six screws of the bottom cover (see fig.

5.15)
• Remove motor with bottom cover in downward

direction Fig. 5.15: Position of the screws
of the bottom cover

• Place centrifuge in such a way (e.g. between two

trestles or between two tables) that the bottom of the
centrifuge is easily accessible from below. If
necessary, place centrifuge on its back.
• Loosen the six screws of the bottom cover (see fig.

5.15)

Rev. 10.01.2000
• Loosen the four screws of the motor at the motor flange (see fig. 5.16)
Fig. 5.16: Position of the screws of
• Remove motor through the rotor chamber the motor at the motor flange
5.3.5 Installation of Motor

Install motor in reverse order to removal (described in section 5.3.4). Specific
information on the installation of the motor for the various models is followed by
information on the adjustment of the imbalance switch which has to be performed
subsequently.
For the imbalance switch, it is particularly important to note the position of the switch
and contact plate, respectively Hall sensor. If necessary, mark them prior to starting
work. The Hall sensor is very sensitive and must be handled with care. After
installation check the value of the static imbalance (300-400) in service mode 5
(Zent1/Zent2) respectively in the sensor mode (Zent3).
CAUTION!
Disconnect mains power plug and make sure it cannot be
reconnected by mistake (e.g. by means of a warning sign)!
• Be sure to reinstall the friction discs. They will help to prevent the rubber
dampers from being twisted during installation.
It is advisable to check that the seams of the rubber elements are

vertical. If this is not the case, it is dangerous to operate the centrifuge.
• After installation the imbalance switch has to be checked and adjusted (see
section Sensors).
5.3.5.1 Special Information for Models 2-3 and 2-4

• Insert motor into the bearing flange from below, if necessary tighten clip slightly.
• Place centrifuge on its side and adjust the motor to correct height from above.
The distance from the upper edge of the motor (end plate) to the flange of the
rubber boot has to measure 58 mm for model 2-3 and 62 mm for model 2-4.
• Make sure that the motor is mounted vertically and does not tilt.
• Tighten clip
5.4 Fuses
Maintenance-free thermal fuses are used in models 3K30, 4-15, 4K15, 6-15 and
6K15. The bimetal switch warms during overvoltage or overcurrent and cuts the

Rev. 10.01.2000
centrifuge off from the mains power supply. After the fuse has been activated it is
necessary to wait a few minutes for the bimetal to cool down before the centrifuge
can be switched back on again.
For models 1-6, 1-13, 1-15, 1-15K, 1K15, 2-3, 2-4, 2-5, 2-15, 2-16, 2K15, 3-15, 3K15
and 8K10 safety fuses are used which are located above the mains power
connection and can be replaced, if necessary.
• To replace fuses Drawer

press locks of drawer together
pull out drawer
Fig. 5.17: Example drawer for fuses
5.5 Refrigeration System

Cooling the centrifuge is necessary as heat is generated by the centrifuge during
operation. There are two methods: air cooling or refrigeration system.
5.5.1 Air Cooling of Centrifuge

Heat generated by the drive is dissipated by air flow through the rotor chamber. To
achieve this, the lid is not hermetically sealed as in centrifuges with a refrigeration
system but integrated into the air flow system.
Air inlet Lid
Air
outflow Drive
Slits in the
panels
Holes in bottom plate
Onlyininmodel
Only model
6-10
6-10
Fig. 5.18: Air cooling, schematic diagram of air flow
Issue 09/98 Only in model Section 5 Page 22
Rev. 10.01.2000 6-10
5.5.2 Cooling of Centrifuge by Refrigeration

Compressor
If temperatures below room temperature

Terminal box
are to be achieved, a refrigeration unit
must be used for cooling. (in all ‚K‘-
Models).
Fig. 5.19: Refrigeration unit with terminal box
5.5.2.1 Compressor
Only hermetically sealed and maintenance-free compressors are used. The
maintenance of the compressors is limited to occasional cleaning of the surface and
checking of the elastic rubber elements.
There is a start relay in the terminal box of the compressor which switches on an
auxiliary winding in the compressor for starting-up. The RC component limits the
inductive voltage peaks when switching on and off. Up to model 3K18 it is located in
the terminal box. Starting with model 3K30 it is attached to the relay on the
compressor.
Both the start relay and the RC component may become defective and must
therefore be checked during maintenance work.
5.5.2.2 Cooling Agent Condensor

The condensor consists of a coiled tube inside a lamellar structure. A fan is installed
behind the condensor drawing in cool ambient air through the lamellae of the
condensor.
The lamellae can become bent by mechanical force thus hindering the air flow.
→ Realign lamellae using a special comb.
5.5.2.3 Expansion Device

Expansion valves or capillary tubes are used as expansion devices. It is necessary to
replace the capillary tube if it becomes clogged due to contamination inside the
cooling circuit.

Rev. 10.01.2000
5.5.2.4 Vaporizer
The vaporizer consists of a copper tube closely wound around the rotor chamber and
soldered to the chamber for better heat conductance. The vaporizer is thermally
shielded against the ambient air by means of an insulation layer. Therefore only the
heat generated in the chamber is removed.
5.5.2.5 Working on the Refrigeration System
CAUTION!
Cooling circuit repairs should only be performed by a qualified
refrigeration engineer!
Please contact the Sigma service department if a refrigeration engineer is not

available.
5.5.2.6 Quantity of Cooling Agent

In case of malfunctioning it is possible to check the functioning of the refrigeration
system by measuring the pressure in the cooling agent circuit by means of a
manometer.
Please refer to the type plate of the compressor for information on the quantity
and type of cooling agent to be used!

Rev. 10.01.2000
Section 6: Electrical System
6 ELECTRICAL SYSTEM........................................................................ 1
6.1 Zent1-Control Unit.................................................................................................1
6.1.1 Microcontroller Board.................................................................................... 1
6.1.1.1 Removal of Microcontroller Board............................................................. 1
6.1.1.2 Exchanging Memory Components.............................................................1
6.1.1.3 Pin Assignment.......................................................................................... 2
6.1.1.4 Control Electronics.....................................................................................4
6.1.1.5 Test Points ................................................................................................ 6
6.1.2 Power and Relay Board 8K10........................................................................6
6.1.2.1 Position, Removal and Installation.............................................................6
6.1.2.2 Pin Assignment.......................................................................................... 7
6.1.2.3 Relay Board............................................................................................... 8
6.2 Zent2-Control Unit.................................................................................................9
6.2.1 Microcontroller board.................................................................................... 9
6.2.1.1 Removal of Microcontroller board..............................................................9
6.2.1.2 Exchanging Memory Components.............................................................9
6.2.1.3 Pin Assignment ......................................................................................... 9
6.2.1.4 Control electronics................................................................................... 11
6.2.1.5 Test Points ..............................................................................................11
6.2.1.6 Jumper list ...............................................................................................12
6.2.2 Power Board Zent.........................................................................................12
6.2.2.1 Position, Removal and Installation...........................................................12
6.2.2.2 Pin Assignment........................................................................................13
6.2.2.3 Power Supply of Power board Zent.........................................................14
6.3 Zent3-Control Unit...............................................................................................15
6.3.1 Microcontroller Board..................................................................................15
6.3.1.1 Removal of Microcontroller board............................................................15
6.3.1.2 Replacing EPROM and Overspeed Controller........................................15
6.3.1.3 Pin Assignment ....................................................................................... 17
6.3.1.4 Control Electronics...................................................................................19
6.3.1.5 Function of the LEDs on the Power Board Zent3 ....................................19
6.3.2 Power board Zent ........................................................................................ 20
6.4 Control Unit Microfuges..................................................................................... 21
6.4.1 Microcontroller and Power board of Models
1-13, 2-3 and 2-4.....................................................................................................21
6.4.1.1 Jumper List...............................................................................................22
6.4.2 Control Unit of Models 1-6, 1-15, 1-15K, 2-5 and 2-16...............................23
6.4.2.1 Microcontroller Board...............................................................................23
6.4.2.2 Jumper list................................................................................................24
6.4.2.3 Power board.............................................................................................24
6.5 Control Unit Zent4...............................................................................................28
6.5.1 Microcontroller Board..................................................................................28
6.5.1.1 Removal of Microcontroller Board........................................................... 28
6.5.1.2 Pin assignment........................................................................................ 29
6.5.2 Power Board Zent4.......................................................................................29
Rev. 19.03.2003
Section 6: Electrical System
6.5.2.1 Position, removal and mounting.............................................................. 29

6.5.2.2 Pin assignment power board................................................................... 30
6.5.2.3 Power supply power board Zent..............................................................32
6.5.2.4 Function of the LEDs on the Power Board Zent4 ....................................33

Rev. 19.03.2003
6 Electrical System
6.1 Zent1-Control Unit
6.1.1 Microcontroller Board
6.1.1.1 Removal of Microcontroller Board

The microcontroller board is located behind the foil keyboard in the front panel. It is
necessary to place the board on a clean, anti static surface when working on it.
CAUTION!
Disconnect mains power plug prior to starting work and make sure
it cannot be reconnected by mistake
(e.g. by means of a warning sign)!
• Unscrew the six screws to remove the microcontroller board.

The foil keyboard remains firmly attached to the microcontroller board.
• Note: The microcontroller board contains static-sensitive CMOS

components (i.e. damage may be caused by touching them with fingers).
6.1.1.2 Exchanging Memory Components
When exchanging memory components the following should be observed:
• Protect components against electrostatic charging.
• Equalise potential by touching a grounded component.
• Only lay components on conductive surfaces.
• Prior to touching the component again, equalise the potential by touching the
conductive surface on which the component rests.
• Do not bend or break a pin when inserting the component into a socket.
• Make sure the notch is in the correct position (on the left hand side).
6.1.1.3 Pin Assignment
• Microcontroller Board
Circuit diagram and layout are to be found in the appendix.
The following diagram shows the pin assignment on the microcontroller board
(Layout). Table 6.1 contains the assignment of the 50 pin plug.
VS14 50-pin plug
VS11 Overtemperature.
Heat sink
VS16 free
VS10 Imbalance
switch
VS9 Lid switch
VS8 Cooling at
standstill
VK1 free
VS13 Display board
VS15 free
VS12 Ext. keyboard
VS7 Speed sensor
VS6 Rotor ident.
VS5 Imbalance sensor

VS4 Chamber temperat.
VS3 Chamber overtemp
VS2 free
VS1 optical
Hook recognition
Fig. 6.1: Microcontroller board of Zent1control unit

• Display board
ST1 Keys of foil keyboard ST2 free
ST4 Foil keyboard LED ST3 Microcontroller

board
Fig. 6.2: Display board of Zent1 control unit (with pin assignment of microcontroller board)
• Assignment of 50 pin plug of Zent1 control unit
The signal directions for the microcontroller board are identical to those of the power
board and are listed below. The assignment of the plugs on the microcontroller and
power board are also identical.
>: Signal direction from microcontroller to power board
<: Signal direction from power board to microcontroller
H: 5V in relation to microcontroller ground (High)
L: 0V in relation to microcontroller ground (LOW)
Pin Signal direction Designation

1 > RH
2 > Ground
3 > RL
4 > Ground
5 > SH
6 > Ground
7 > SL
8 > Ground
9 > TH
10 > Ground
11 > TL
12 > Ground
13 > P1/3
14 > Ground
15 < P1/4
16 < 5V regulated
17 > Frequency converter enable = L
18 > Ground
19 < Frequency converter ready = L
20 > Ground
21 > Relay ‘intermediate circuit’ on: not inserted
22 > Ground
23 > Relay ‘Lid open’ = H
24 Ground
25 > Relay ‘refrigeration’ on = H
26 Ground
27 > Relay ‘star-delta’ switching to delta = H
28 Ground
29 > Relay ‘refrigeration fan’ on = H
30 > Ground
31 > Relay ‘lock lid’ = H
32 < Lid test microcontroller A = L
33 > Lid release microcontroller B = L
34 < Lid test microcontroller B = L
35 > Lid release microcontroller A= L
36 < 15V
37 < 8V unregulated
38 < 8V unregulated
39 < 8V unregulated
40 < 8V unregulated
41 < Overtemperature of heat sink OK = L
42 < Ground for pin 41
43 < Mechanical imbalance switch: imbalance = L
45 < Lid switch ‘lid closed’ = L
47 < Reserve switch: not inserted
49 free
50 free
Table 6.1: Pin assignment of 50 pin plug for Zent1
6.1.1.4 Control Electronics

Fig. 6.3: Block diagram of the multiple microcontroller board- Zent1
6.1.1.5 Test Points
It is difficult to define test points due to the high complexity of the circuit and the SMD
technology. The signals can be measured best on the 50 pin plug already described
above (see table 6.1).
If components of the microcontroller board are faulty, the whole board must be
replaced. The replacement of individual components is not advisable and also in
most cases not possible.
6.1.2 Power and Relay Board 8K10
6.1.2.1 Position, Removal and Installation

Power Board:
• Remove upper and lower front panels. (see 5.1.5)
• Remove lower side panel on left side (see 5.1.5)
• The power board together with a heat sink and two fans are installed on a
supporting plate which is held in position by three screws.
• Loosen the screws at the bottom and the screw with a sheet metal bracket.
• Remove the complete unit
Caution! Prior to disconnecting, mark the plugs to avoid mistakes when

reconnecting.
Relay board:
• The relay board is screwed to the bottom of the centrifuge and can be
removed after loosening the screws.
Connection to motor free
VS8
VS26
VS28 VS27
Abb. 6.4: Power board 8K10 – Pin assignment
Unused plugs: VS9, VS10, VS11, VS25, VS52, VS56
VS28: 20 - pin plug, as Zent1 pin 1-20

VS27: Power supply
VS26: Minus - intermediate circuit voltage
VS8: Plus - intermediate circuit voltage
VS53, 54, 55: Motor connection
The assignment of the plug and the signal directions can be taken from table 6.1.
VS28 VS27 VS26
Fig. 6.4: Power board 8K10 - Pin assignment

6.1.2.3 Relay Board
For removal see section 6.1.3.1.
• Pin assignment
The circuit diagram and the layout are to be found in the appendix.
The assignment of the 20-pin plug is identical to the 50 pin plug, pin 21 - pin 40 (see
table 6.1).
X/R1 Power
supply
X/R2 Fan
X/R3 Fan
X/R4 Star/
Delta
X/R5
X/R13 Lid Contactor KM
motor
X/R 14 Lid X/R6

lock Contactor ZK
X/R 12 Micro X/R7

switch
Lid down
X/R 11 Micro- X/R8

controller
Lid closed
X/R10 Micro X/R9 Power board

controller
Abb. 6.5: Pin assignment of relay board
Fig. 6.5: Pin assignment of relay board

6.2.1 Microcontroller board
6.2.1.1 Removal of Microcontroller board
6.2.1.2 Exchanging Memory Components

In contrast to the Zent1 control unit, the display elements are mounted directly on the
microcontroller board. Table 6.2 shows the assignment of the 50 pin plug.
VS9 Speed sensor

free
VS8 Rotor identification
VS7 Power board

VS4 Temperature sensor
VS3 Chamber overtemperature

VS2 optical hook recognition
VS10 free
VS1 free VS5 Keyboard
Fig. 6.6: Microcontroller board Zent2

Assignment of 50 pin plug
The signal directions are listed below refer to the microcontroller. The assignment of
the plugs on the microcontroller and power board are identical.

L: 0V in relation to microcontroller ground (LOW)

1 > RH
2 > Ground
3 > RL
4 > Ground
5 > SH
6 > Ground
7 > SL
8 > Ground
9 > TH
10 > Ground
11 > TL
12 > Ground
13 > P1/3
14 > Ground
15 < P1/4
16 < 5V regulated
18 > Ground
20 > Ground
21 > Relay ‘intermediate circuit’ on: not inserted
22 > Ground
23 > Relay ‘Lid open’ = H
24 Ground
25 > Relay ‘refrigeration’ on = H
26 Ground
27 > Relay ‘star-delta’ switching to delta = H
28 Ground
29 > Relay ‘refrigeration fan’ on = H
30 > Ground
31 > Relay ‘lock lid’ = H
32 < Lid test = L
33 > Additional relay not inserted
34 < free
35 > Lid release = L
36 < 15V
37 < 8V unregulated
38 < 8V unregulated
39 < 8V unregulated
40 < 8V unregulated
45 < Lid switch ‘lid closed’ = L
47 < free
48 < free
49 free
50 free
Table 6.3 Assignment of the 50 pin plug of Zent2.
6.2.1.4 Control electronics
Hellig 8 Segmente 7-Segment Beckman
Folienstecker keits
IFDs
anpas
4 Spalten Anzeiger Sigma
sung
16 Spalten 8 Spalten
Tasta- 7 Spalten Spalten I/O Port mit
Folienstecker tur-
Inter-
Tastatur face
Ansteuerung Segmenttreiber
Service
µC-Bus RS232
scr.#2
(o. HCMOS)
4 Reihen PWM Check
µ
C-Kern Inter-
face/
Ver-
PWM Aus knüp-
fung
Kammertemperatur -µ C 517A 5V Wechsel-
NTC WRF richter
UNWSTAT
- Pwr.Mon/Reset-Gen.
WRB
Unwuchtsensor - Analog Referenz
UNWDYN
UNWTEST
- EPROM 512kB 1MB Relais
- EEPROM
parallel 28 DIP
alternativ Deckel- DE Frei
Relais
seriell Verriegelung
Karte
Regel- DE Test
entsprechend ZENT1 Anpas-
sung
Übertemp.
Unwucht dig.
Deckel offen
12V
+12V Linear 15V
Regler Service
Stern/Dreieck MFR 8V
8V Pwr
Rotorcodesensor Signal2/Reset MFR
Dreh S↑ Signal1 Monoflop Über- 5V
Linear
spannungs-
5V Regler
Drehzahlsensor Drehzahl PWM aus schutz
GND
Entsprechend Schaltungs-
vorschlag Sigma
HW - Drehzahlüberwachung optional für Tests etc.
Fig. 6.7: Block diagram of microcontroller board Zent2
6.2.1.5 Test Points
Test points can only be defined with difficulty due to the high complexity of the circuit
and the SMD technology. The signals can be measured best on the 50 pin plug
already described above. (see Table 6.2).
If components of the microcontroller board are faulty, the whole board must be
replaced. The replacement of individual components is not advisable and also in
most cases not possible.
6.2.1.6 Jumper list
Type of centrifuge Speed cut off Speed cut-off SDSDSDSDSDS D

Star [U/min] Delta [U/min] 6 6 5 5 4 4 3 3 2 2 1 1
1K15 15536 not applicable • • •
2K15 5296 15536 • • • • • •
2-15 4943 15536 • • • • • •
3K15 6355 15536 • • • • •
3-15 6355 14830 • • • • •
4-15 6355 15183 • • • • • •
4K15 6355 15183 • • • • • •
Table 6.4: Jumper list Zent2
The jumpers provide additional hardware protection. The centrifuge is switched off if
the maximum speed is exceeded.
6.2.2 Power Board Zent

The available power boards can be combined with all Zent control units depending
on the type of centrifuge. (see spare parts list).
6.2.2.1 Position, Removal and Installation
Power board Power board

Installation at the back Installtion in the front
Fig. 6.8: Position of power board
In all centrifuges with a sheet steel housing, the power board is installed at the
bottom of the centrifuge. The front or the back panel has to be removed to gain
access to the board.
Caution! The electrical connections to the board should first be marked
and then disconnected.
The board itself is fixed as follows:

1. The spacers are held in position by nuts M8 from the outside. The cooling
plate is attached to the spacers by means of four screws from the inside.
2. The power board is attached to the heat sink by printed circuit board fastening
devices.
To remove the power board either unscrew the four screws from inside or the nuts at
the bottom. Detachment of the printed circuit board fastening devices is not
recommended.

Circuit diagram and layout can be found in the appendix.
For assignment of the pin and signal direction see table 6.1.
Intermediary circuit voltage
X2 Brake resistor
X10 Motor
X4
Lid locks
X5
Fan
Electronics
X6
Fan
Refrigerator
X7
Refrigerator
X3 Mains power X9 X8 X1 Microcontroller board

Temperature of heat sink Imbalance
Fig. 6.9: Pin assignment of power board Zent (here: from 3K30 to 6K15)
Pin assignment of power boards PFC-version, from year 2001
(according to EMV-regulation EN 61000-3-2)
PFC = Power Factor Correction (for a sinusoidal current consumption)
X2 Brake resistor
X10 Motor
X4
Lid locks
X5
Fan
electronics
X6
Fan
refrigerator
X7
Refrigerator
X3 Mains power X1
Fig. 6.10: Pin assignment of power board 2K15 Zent3
6.2.2.3 Power Supply of Power board Zent

The following descriptions refer to the circuit diagram No. 23545 in the appendix!
Power supply
The power board and the relays are supplied with operating voltage via the pins X3/1
and X3/2
When the lid is closed, the intermediate circuit is supplied with operating voltage via
pins X4/5 and X4/6. At the same time the opto-coupler U2 is supplied with voltage
and indicates ‘Lid closed’.
Intermediary circuit
For measuring the intermediary circuit see Fig. 6.5.
Power supply unit
AC voltage from the transformer T1 is rectified by the rectifier V37, smoothed by C1
and stabilised to 15 Volts by the stabiliser N4. A voltage of approx. 11V is supplied to
the microcontroller board via the pins X1/37-40 and stabilised there to 5 volts by the
stabiliser N1. These 5V represent the main supply of operating voltage for the
microcontroller board and for some of the sensors.
The relays are supplied with the unstabilised 15 V DC voltage.
6.3.1.1 Removal of Microcontroller board

The microcontroller board Zent3 together with the speed sensor and graphics liquid
crystal display are screwed to the back of the front panel.
6.3.1.2 Replacing EPROM and Overspeed Controller

There are two sockets on the microcontroller board:
The 32 pin socket is used for the EPROM.
The 20 pin socket is used for the overspeed controller.
Note: When replacing the EPROM and the overspeed controller make sure that the
correct polarity is used.
24573
6k15C / Z3
Version 1.16 / RK1
Fig. 6.11: Example
Replace EPROM and overspeed controller only together as data
contained in the EPROM and the overspeed controller have to
correspond. (Pay attention to the correct RK number, see Fig. 6.11)!
Changes in the type (to be distinguished from version) of software can erase data in
the EEPROM such as run time, cycles etc. when replacing an EPROM. This is not a
software error.
Please compare the software type and, if necessary, write down important data prior
to changing the EPROM or the software!
When replacing the EPROM and the overspeed controller please observe the
following:
Protect components from static charges.
Perform potential equalisation by touching a grounded component.
Place components on a conductive surface.
Prior to touching the component again, touch the conductive surface to achieve
potential equalisation.
Do not bend or break a pin when inserting the component into the socket.
Make sure that the EPROM is positioned correctly (see socket).
A test of the overspeed controller should be carried out after replacing the EPROM
and/or the overspeed controller. This is done using a service mode (see section
7.5.2.6).
6.3.1.3
VS7 Power board
VS2 Optical hook

Pin Assignment
recognition
VS3 Chamber overtemp.
VS10
VS4 Chamber temp.

VS8 Rotor code ident
VS9 Speed sensor
VS1 Relay lid
Fig. 6.12: Pin assignment of microcontroller board Zent3

Assignment of 50 pin plug on the Zent3 control unit
The signal direction is given for the microcontroller board.

L: 0V in relation to microcontroller ground (Low)
1 > RH
2 Ground
3 > RL
4 Ground
5 > SH
6 Ground
7 > SL
8 Ground
9 > TH
10 Ground
11 > TL
12 Ground
13 > nc
14 Ground
15 < nc
16 < 5V regulated
18 Ground
20 Ground
21 > Relay intermediate circuit on
22 Ground
23 > Relay lid open = H
24 Ground
25 > Relay refrigeration on = H
26 Ground
27 > Relay Star-delta switching to delta = H
28 Ground
29 > Relay refrigeration fan on = H
30 Ground
31 > Relay lock lid = H
32 < Lid test = H
33 > Additional relay
34 free
35 > Lid release = L
36 < 15V
37 < 8V unregulated
38 < 8V unregulated
39 < 8V unregulated
40 < 8V unregulated
42 Ground
44 Ground
45 < Lid switch lid closed = L
46 Ground
47 < Free 3
48 < Free
49 < Free R
50 nc
Table 6.4: Assignment of 50 pin plug on Zent3
6.3.1.4 Control Electronics
The display is connected to the microcontroller board via a 20 pin flat cable. The
speed sensor is connected to the microcontroller board via a 6 pin flat cable.
The lighting of the display is connected to the microcontroller board.
Note: The inverter generates high voltage of 800 V!
The overspeed controller is situated on the microcontroller board. It evaluates the

speed signal and the rotor signal. Additionally the rotor code and the maximum
speed of all rotors which may be used for a particular type of centrifuge are stored in
it. The overspeed controller monitors the speed of the rotor independently of the main
board and switches the drive off if the maximum permissible speed for the rotor used
has been exceeded.
Prior to each centrifuge run, a run will be simulated to check, whether the overspeed
controller is working correctly. This is done by first testing with the maximum
permissible speed for the rotor in use minus 100 revolutions per minute and then by
using a maximum permissible speed plus 100 revolutions per minute. If the
overspeed controller reacts correctly, then the centrifuge run can be started. If it
reacts incorrectly, an error message is displayed and the centrifuge cannot be
operated.
6.3.1.5 Function of the LEDs on the Power Board Zent3

Zent3: 70793, 70794 and 70795
H1 green inverted rectifier ready: Is illuminated when the lid is closed and the
intermediate voltage is correct.
H2 orange undervoltage: Is illuminated when the intermediate voltage is below 250 V

DC.
H3 orange overcurrent: Slight flaring at the current limit. The higher the current, the
brighter the flaring.
All LEDs off, overcurrent in the intermediate: Occurs during braking, if the brake
resistor is interrupted.
6.3.2 Power board Zent
See 6.2.2.
6.4 Control Unit Microfuges
6.4.1 Microcontroller and Power board of Models

1-13, 2-3 and 2-4
• Position and Removal
The board situated behind the keyboard on the front of the centrifuge can be
removed towards the front after undoing the four screws visible from the front.
Motor
Brake
resistor
Lid coil
and mains
power
Speed
sensor
Fig. 6.13: Electronics

Jumper Microfuges
6.4.1.1 Jumper List
It is essential to observe the positions of the jumpers when replacing the control
electronics (see marking on the board):
Centrifuge J1 J2 J3 J4
1-13 X X
2-3 X X
2-4 X X X X
Table 6.5: Jumper list
6.4.2 Control Unit of Models 1-6, 1-15, 1-15K, 2-5 and 2-16
6.4.2.1 Microcontroller Board
Position and removal
The microcontroller board is situated behind the liquid crystal display on the front of
the centrifuge. In order to remove it, first take off the panel (see 5.1.2) and then
loosen the screws holding the board.
CAUTION!
Prior to working on the electronics disconnect mains power plug
and make sure it cannot be reconnected by mistake!
It is necessary to place the board on a clean, anti static support when working on it.
Connection to the
power board
Jumper
Fig. 6.14: Microcontroller board, here: 1-15, V2.6 (not existing in 1-15K
and 2-16)
6.4.2.2 Jumper list
It is essential to observe the positions of the jumpers when replacing the control
electronics (see marking on the board).
Centrifuge J1 J2 J3 J4
1-6 (from SW-version 3.4) X X
1-6 PFC (from SW-version 3.5) X
1-15 (from SW-version 3.5) X X
1-15 PFC (from SW-version 3.5) X
2-5 (with power board 70667/70668, from SW-version 3.1 – 3.4)
2-5 PFC (with power board 70740, from SW-version 3.5 – 3.7) X
2-5 230V / 120V (with power board 70667/70668, from SW-version 3.5) X
2-5 230V /120V (with power board 70850/70851, from SW-version 3.5) X
Table 6.6: Jumper list
6.4.2.3 Power board

Position and Removal
The power board is situated in the front part of the housing behind the panels and is
fastened with two screws and circuit board clips. It is necessary to remove the panel
when working on the board (see 5.1.2).
CAUTION!
Pin assignment Power board of Models 1-6 and 1-15
Fig. 6.15: Power board
Speed Microcontroller
sensor board
Mains power
Lid
Brake
resistor
Motor
Pin assignment Power board of Models 1-6 from construction year 2000
and 1-15 from serial no. 71140
Micro-
Speed Microswitch
controller
sensor lid
board
Lid lock 1
Mains
power
Lid lock 2
Motor Brake resistor

Pin assignment of Power board of Models 1-6, 1-15 and 2-5, PFC-version, from
construction year 2001
(according to EMV-regulation EN 61000-3-2)
PFC = Power Factor Correction (for a sinusoidal current consumption)
X4, X5
Lid switch
X3 Microcontroller-
X2 Tacho- board
generator
X1 no X7 Brake
function resistor
X6 Motor X10 Mains power X9 X8

Lid lock 1+2
Pin assignment Power board of Models 1-15K and 2-16
Rotor Micro- Tempe- Micro-
Speed
code switch rature controller
sensor
sensor lid sensor board
Imbalance
switch
Ground
Refrigerator
Fan
refrigerator
Mains power
Lid lock 1
Lid lock 2
Motor Brake
resistor
6.5 Control Unit Zent4
6.5.1.1 Removal of Microcontroller Board
For models 2-16K, 3-16, 3-16K

The microcontroller board with encoders and LC-display is screwed on the back of
the front panel. In order to remove it, take off the front panel (see 5.1.4).
For models 1-15K and 2-16
The microcontroller board is situated behind the LC-display in the front of the
centrifuge. In order to remove it, first take off the panel (see 5.1.2) and then loosen
the screws holding the board.
CAUTION!
6.5.1.2 Pin assignment
X4 Serial interface
X5 Chamber overtemperature
X6 Motor overtemperature
X8 Chamber temperature
X7 Imbalance sensor
X3 Right encoder
X1 Power board
X2 Left encoder
Abb. 6.19: Microcontroller board
6.5.2 Power Board Zent4
6.5.2.1 Position, removal and mounting

In models 1-15K and 2-16, the power board is situated upright behind the front panel.
In order to access the board, take off the panel (see 5.1.7 resp. 5.1.8).
In models 2-16K, 3-16 and 3-16K, the power board is at the bottom of the centrifuge.
In order to access the board, take off the panel (see 5.1.4).
Attention! First mark the feed lines and then draw them off!
The boards are fastened with screws on distance bolts and with touch panel holders.
In order to remove the board, loosen the screws. Press the locking pins of the
holders and remove the board. Install in reverse order.
The power board in models 3-16 and 3-16K is plugged onto a cooling plate. This
plate is screwed on four distance bolts which are screwed at the bottom of the
centrifuge. In order to remove the board, loosen the two screws in the rear and
remove the screws in the front. Do not loosen the touch panel holders as the IGBT
module and the cooling plate are screwed together.
6.5.2.2 Pin assignment power board

Pin assignment power board Zent4, P/N 70783 and 70784:
X1 = Serial interface, microcontroller board
X2 = Connection brake resistor (like Zent2)
X3 = Power input
X4 = Lid locks (like Zent2)
X5 = Fan, motor (like Zent2)
X6 = Fan, refrigerator (like Zent2)
X7 = Refrigerator (like Zent2)
X10 = Drive system
X14 = Speed sensor (like Zent2)
X15 = Rotor identification (like Zent2)
Assignment X1 Serial interface between power and microcontroller board, on power
board Zent4 / 4 A, P/N 70783 and 70784:
X1/1 = Speed sensor signal
X1/2 = Transmit data
X1/3 = Receive data
X1/4 = Rotor code signal
X1/5 = GND
X1/6 = VCC
X1/7 = GND
X1/8 = VCC
X1/9 = GND
Pin assignment power board Zent4, P/N 70772 and 70773:
X1 = Imbalance switch
X2 = Speed sensor
X3 = Rotor identification
X4 = Temperature sensor
X5 = Serial interface, microcontroller board
X6 = Lid switch
X7 = Lid switch
X8 = Fan, refrigerator
X9 = Refrigerator
X10 = Power input
X11 = Lid lock 1
X12 = Lid lock 2
X13 = Drive system
X14 = Brake resistor
Pin assignment power board of 1-15K, 2-16, 2-16K
X5 Microcontroller board
X4 Temperature sensor
X3 Rotor code sensor
K2 Relay refrigerator
X1 Imbalance switch
X6 Microswitch lid
X7 Microswitch lid
X2 Speed sensor
K1 Relay fan
X8 Fan
X9
Refrigerator
X10
Power input
X13 Motor X14 Brake resistor X12 X11

Fig. 6.20: Power board Lid locks
Pin assignment power board of 3-16, 3-16K

X4 Lid locks X2 Brake resistor X10 Motor
and electronics
X5 Fan for motor
X1 Microcontroller board
X6 Fan
refrigerator
X7 Refrigerator
X3 Power input X15 Rotor code sensor X14 Speed sensor

Assignment X5Serial interface between power and microcontroller board, on power

board Zent4 / 4 A, P/N 70783 and 70784:
X5/3 = Receive data
X5/4 = Rotor code signal
X14 Drehzahlgeber
X1 Rechnerplatte
X5/5 = GND
X5/6 = VCC
X5/7 = GND
X5/8 = VCC
X5/9 = GND
Assignment microcontroller board Zent4, P/N 70796, 70797, 70798, 70799, 70800:
X1 = Serial interface, power board
X2 = Encoder "select"
X3 = Encoder "value"
X4 = Serial update plug
X5 = Chamber overtemperature
X6 = Motor overtemperature
X7 = Imbalance switch
X8 = Temperature sensor
Assignment X1 Serial interface between power and microcontroller board, on the

microcontroller board:
X1/2 = Microcontroller P2/1
X1/3 = Receive data
X1/4 = Microcontroller P2/0
X1/6 = VCC
X1/7 = Rotor identification
X1/8 = GND
X1/9 = GND
6.5.2.3 Power supply power board Zent

You will see the power supply on the attached circuit diagrams.
6.5.2.4 Function of the LEDs on the Power Board Zent4
Zent4, 3 A: 70773 and 70774
H1 green inverted rectifier: Is illuminated when the intermediate voltage is correct.
H2 green lid is closed: Is illuminated when the lid is closed.
H3 orange brake transistor off: Extingiushes when the brake resistor is switched on.
Is flaring during braking.
H4 orange intermediate voltage and current OK: Extinguishes in case of overcurrent

(e.g. brake resistor interrupted during braking). Is flaring in case of overcurrent.
Section 7: Sensors, Service Mode and Adjustments
7 SENSORS, SERVICE MODE AND ADJUSTMENTS...........................3
7.1 Temperature Sensor and Temperature Switch..................................................3

7.1.1 Rotor Chamber.......................................................................................................................... 3
7.1.2 Overtemperature Switch............................................................................................................ 4
7.1.2.1 Heat Sink........................................................................................................................... 4
7.1.2.2 Motor.................................................................................................................................. 4
7.1.3 Safety Thermostat..................................................................................................................... 4
7.2 Rotor Identification............................................................................................... 5
7.3 Speed Sensor........................................................................................................ 5

7.3.1 Checking of Speed ................................................................................................................... 8
7.4 Imbalance Sensors..............................................................................................10

7.4.1 Mechanical Imbalance Sensor................................................................................................ 10
7.4.2 Optical Imbalance Sensor ...................................................................................................... 13
7.4.2.1 Adjustment of Imbalance Switch...................................................................................... 14
7.4.2.2 Values for Imbalance Adjustments:.................................................................................. 15
7.5 Service mode.......................................................................................................16

7.5.1 Service mode Zent1 and Zent2 (starting with Software
version 1.79).................................................................................................................................... 16
No. 0: Display of version number and centrifuge type..................................................................... 17
No. 1: Display Sensor Values and Set Offset Value of Temperature Sensor.................................. 18
No. 2: Determination of Imbalance Correction Value and Parameter Setting Run ......................... 19
No. 3: Display/Delete Error List....................................................................................................... 21
No. 4: Erase EEPROM and Lid lock................................................................................................ 22
No. 5: Display of static imbalance warning limit.............................................................................. 24
No. 6: Parameter Setting run for Imbalance Cut-off limit ................................................................. 24
No. 7: Test of LEDs......................................................................................................................... 24
No. 8: Display Operating hours....................................................................................................... 24
No. 9: Switching-on of cyclic operation; display of cycle counter.................................................... 25
7.5.2 Service mode Zent3................................................................................................................ 26
7.5.2.1 Imbalance correction factor and parameter setting run for measuring imbalance
(„Unwucht: Korrekturwert; Lernlauf“)............................................................................................ 28
7.5.2.2 Setting of offset value of temperature sensor („Temp: Offset“)........................................ 30
7.5.2.3 Delete EEPROM, time and cycles .................................................................................. 31
7.5.2.4 Display/Deletion of error list („Display list; Delete“).......................................................... 32
7.5.2.5 Switching on of cyclic operation („Cycle: Time; Start“)..................................................... 32
7.5.2.6 Testing of overspeed controller........................................................................................ 33
7.5.3 Sensor mode of Zent3 control unit.......................................................................................... 34
7.5.3.1 Input signals .................................................................................................................... 35
7.5.4 Service Mode Zent4................................................................................................................ 38
7.5.4.1 Outline.............................................................................................................................. 38
7.5.4.2 Display Software Information........................................................................................... 39
7.5.4.3 Sensor Mode – Digital Inputs and Outputs....................................................................... 40
7.5.4.4 Sensor Mode – Exact Temperature Display..................................................................... 41
7.5.4.5 Enter Temperature Sensor Offset.................................................................................... 42
7.5.4.6 Display of the Cycles and the Error List........................................................................... 43
7.5.4.7 Sensor Mode Motor Parameter........................................................................................ 44
7.5.4.8 Deleting the complete EEPROM...................................................................................... 45
Rev. 23.02.2005
7.5.5 Lock Mode............................................................................................................................... 46
7.6 Sensors Microfuges............................................................................................47

7.6.1 Read out Software Version..................................................................................................... 47
7.6.2 Display Error List in Models 2-16 and 1-15K........................................................................... 48
7.6.3 Sensor Mode........................................................................................................................... 49
7.6.3.1 Digital Outputs and Inputs................................................................................................ 49
7.6.3.2 Temperature Display........................................................................................................ 52
7.6.3.3 Temperature Sensor – Offset........................................................................................... 52
7.6.3.4 Deletion of complete EEPROM........................................................................................ 53

Rev. 23.02.2005
7 Sensors, Service Mode and Adjustments

Various physical values, such as rotational speeds, temperatures, and rotor number
are monitored in SIGMA laboratory centrifuges by means of various sensors. They
are summarised in this section.
7.1 Temperature Sensor and Temperature Switch
7.1.1 Rotor Chamber

In refrigerated centrifuges a temperature sensor is located inside the rotor chamber
at the bottom. A NTC resistor RT=10 kΩ, which changes its resistance in accordance
with the temperature, is used for measurement (see table). In the table below the
resistance values are given for checking the correct reading of the display using a
resistance measurement unit.
T (°C) RT (Ω) T (°C) RT (Ω) T (°C) RT (Ω)
-20 94143 1 30452 6 23828
-15 71172 2 28976 7 22708
-10 54308 3 27580 8 21648
-5 41505 4 26260 9 20643
0 32014 5 25011 10 19691
11 18788 16 14923 21 11928
12 17932 17 14236 22 11409
13 17120 18 13636 23 10915
14 16350 19 13040 24 10446
15 15618 20 12474 25 R25=10000
26 9577,7 31 7748,5 36 6307,0
27 9175,6 32 7432,4 37 6057,0
28 8792,6 33 7131,0 38 5818,1
29 8427,7 34 6843,4 39 5590,0
30 8080,0 35 6569,0 40 5372,0
Table 7.1: Temperature and resistance values
A faulty cable or a short circuit in the sensor are displayed as ERROR 90, in models
1-15K, 2-16, 2-16K, 2-16KC, 3-16, 3-16K as ERROR 13.
In case of malfunctioning, the sensor must be exchanged completely as the sensitive

NTC resistor is encapsulated in a sleeve. The wiring of the resistor must also be
checked.

Rev. 23.02.2005
7.1.2 Overtemperature Switch
7.1.2.1 Heat Sink

A temperature switch. which switches during overtemperature to protect the sensitive
semiconductors components is located on the heat sink of the power board with
models 3K30, 4-15, 4K15, 6-15, 6K15 and 8K10. The overtemperature switch opens
at approx. 70 °C and the microcontroller displays ERROR 84.
The sensor is connected directly to the power board via the plug X9. To replace the
switch, first remove the power supply unit (board and heat sink - see section 6),
which can now be separated and the switch replaced.
The temperature switch is integrated directly on the power board in models 3-16 and
3-16K. The overtemperature switch opens at approx. 80°C and the microcontroller
displays ERROR 25 (see ERROR List Zent4).
7.1.2.2 Motor
The motor of models 3-16 and 3-16K has a temperature switch that protects the
motor from overheating. The temperature switch opens at approx. 140°C and the
microcontroller displays ERROR 26.
7.1.3 Safety Thermostat

Only for models 2K15, 3K15, 3K18, 3K30, 4K15, 6K15, 8K10
There is a temperature switch attached to the cooling coil for additional protection
against dangerous overtemperatures, e.g. when there is a fault in the electronic
temperature control unit. A bimetallic switch is used which is located inside the foam
of the insulating layer between the armoured chamber and the rotor chamber.
The switch is connected to the microcontroller board via the plug VS3. If the
permissible temperature is exceeded, ERROR 88 is displayed, in model 3-16K
ERROR 24.
It is not possible to replace this temperature switch if it gets damaged. Contact Sigma
directly to discuss instructions for a possible repair.

Rev. 23.02.2005
7.2 Rotor Identification

Rotor identification is carried out using a Hall sensor. It is mounted on the motor
cover inside the rotor chamber. A 4-pin cable leads down alongside the motor to the
microcontroller board.
Small bar magnets of alternating polarity are located in the rotor at a distance of 0.8 -
2 mm in front of the Hall sensor. There are a minimum of 2 and a maximum of 12
magnets located in a circle which is divided into sectors of 30°. The number of
magnets is always even. The rotor code depends on the angular position and
number of magnets (see service mode No.1 for Zent1/Zent2 respectively sensor
mode for Zent3 control unit).
To remove proceed as follows:
Loosen the 4 screws of the disc-shaped

rotor cover (1).
Carefully lift the cover with the sensor

mounted on it by approx. 10 cm (2).
Loosen the 2 screws on the underside of

the cover.
Disconnect the connecting plug on the

speed sensor board or the micro-
controller board.
Fig. 7.1: Rotor identification signal generator
Replace sensor.
Install in reverse order.
7.3 Speed Sensor

The speed sensor consists of a bistable Hall sensor. A rotating magnet segment with
6 pairs of poles is situated 1 mm ± 0.5 away from the sensor. A north pole in front of
the Hall sensor switches the output to H = 5 V, and respectively a south pole
switches the output to L = 0 V. Consequently there are 6 H/L changes per rotor
revolution.
In models 1-6, 1-13, 1-15, 1-15K, 1K15*, 2-3, 2-4, 2-5, 2-15*, 2-16, 2K15*, 2-16K,
3-15*, 3-16, 3K15*, 3-16K, 3K18*, 3-18K and 3K30*, the plastic casing containing the
Hall sensor is mounted on a small circuit board which is located below the motor. In
models marked with a `*’, the sensor together with a small circuit board and passive
components is encapsulated in a small plastic housing as protection against shock
and humidity. This unit cannot be repaired, only replaced. One plug connection leads
Rev. 23.02.2005
to the rotor detection, the other to the power board. Both plug connections are equal
i. e. they can be interchanged without influencing their function.
The connection in all other models is of a permanent nature. If the speed sensor is
defective, the whole speed sensor board should be replaced.
To remove proceed as follows:
Position centrifuge in such a way that the

bottom of the centrifuge is easily
1 accessible.
Remove bottom cover (if necessary).
Disconnect cables.
1 Loosen the 4 screws of the circuit board

(1) and replace it, if necessary.
Fig. 7.2: Speed sensor Remove supporting bracket with speed

sensor board and, if necessary, replace
it.
In models 1-15K and 3K30:
Position centrifuge in such a way that the

bottom of the centrifuge is easily
accessible.
Remove bottom cover (if necessary).
2 Disconnect cables.
Loosen the 3 screws of the supporting

Fig. 7.3: Speed sensor for 1-15K/3K30 bracket on the circuit board (2).

Rev. 23.02.2005
In models 1-3 and 1-15:
Remove panels as described in section

3 5.1.1 (1-13) resp. 5.1.2 (1-15).
Loosen the 3 screws of the motor plate,

disconnect cables , remove motor.
Loosen the 2 screws of the circuit board

(3), remove it and replace it, if
necessary.

Rev. 23.02.2005
Section 7: Sensors, Service mode and Adjustments
7.3.1 Checking of Speed

There are different methods to check the speed.
Window in Lid
For models 1-6, 1-13, 1-15, 1-15K, 2-5 and 2-6:
Start centrifuge
Check speed through the window using a stroboscope
Measuring Adapter for Electrical Speed Testing

For models 1K15, 2-15, 2K15, 3-15, 3K15, 3K18, 4-15, 4K15, 6-15, 6K15 and 8K10
(Part No. 70579)
Open front panel of centrifuge, close lid
Connect measuring adapter between speed sensor and microcontroller board
Plug in frequency measurement equipment to adapter (BNC-socket)
Fig. 7.4: Measurement adapter Fig. 7.5: Connections of measurement adapter

Visual speed test using testing lid and stroboscope

For models 4-15, 4K15, 6-15 and 6K15 (Part No. 80108)
Open lid of centrifuge and switch centrifuge off
Put testing lid centrically in place on top of rotor chamber
Fix the lid in the openings of the gas pressure dampening elements using the locking
bars in the back. The lid hooks must be inserted into the center of the openings of the
lock. This is important as otherwise the optical hook detection does not recognise
the lid, leading to error messages.
Switch on centrifuge and press the testing lid downwards with both hands so that the
motor driven locks can close
 Start centrifuge
Check the speed using a stroboscope through the viewing window in the testing lid.
ATTENTION! Maximum speed is 3600 revolutions per min.

Only authorised personnel are allowed to carry out the test.
After checking, the lid can be opened using the lid key. Dismantle in reverse order.
Metal sheet for external speed measurement using a stroboscope

For Models 3-15, 3K15 and 3K18 (Part No. 23401)
Remove bottom plate of centrifuge.
Fix metal sheet for measuring the

speed to the centrifuge using the
screws of the bottom plate.
The punched out, reflecting parts must

face outwards.
Raise position of centrifuge evenly.
Start centrifuge.
Flash stroboscope towards the

reflecting parts to determine the speed.
Fig. 7.6: Metal sheet for external

measurement of speed
7.4 Imbalance Sensors

The rotor of the centrifuge brakes immediately if the rotor is loaded unevenly or an
imbalance is created during a run, e.g. by glass breakage. An imbalance is detected
by means of the imbalance sensors.
Different imbalance sensors are installed according to the centrifuge models. It is

possible to distinguish between mechanical and optical imbalance sensors.
7.4.1 Mechanical Imbalance Sensor

Models 1-15K, 1K15, 2-15, 2-16, 2K15, 2-16K, 2-16KC, 3-15, 3-16, 3K15, 3-16K,
3K18 and 3-18K
The sensor is attached to the motor mounting flange with screws and can only be
changed if the drive is removed completely. (see 5.3.6).
Contact plate,motor
Attention:
The imbalance switch must be

connected to the plug (X8)* on the
power board.
* depending on centrifuge model (refer

to electrical documentation, section 9)
Fastening bracket
Fig.7.7: Mechanical imbalance switch
Adjustment: After removing the front panel, a brass screw (1) becomes visible. This
screw is used to adjust the imbalance cut-off threshold.
The brass screw should be turned carefully until it touches the contact plate.
For model 1K15: Retract the screw by turning it between 1/2 and 3/4 of a revolution
in the other direction.
For all other models: Turn 2 revolutions anti clockwise.

The plastic part (2) of the switch should not be turned during the adjustment.
Check setting by carrying out a test run using a switch-off imbalance (see table 7.2).
Model 1-15K
To adjust the imbalance switch, loosen the six screws of the back panel. After
removal of the back panel, the imbalance switch is accessible.
Turn screw carefully until it touches the contact plate.
Retract the screw by turning it between 1/2 and 3/4 of a revolution anti clockwise.
Model 2-15
The imbalance switch can be adjusted from the outside without removing the
housing. The opening for this is located at the lower part of the panel on the right-
hand side.
Remove cover plug.
Retract screw with four revolutions anti clockwise.
Model 2-16
To adjust the imbalance switch, the front panel must be removed (see 5.1.8). The
adjusting screw is behind the second opening from the right side at the lower part of
the front panel.
Retract screw with four revolutions anti clockwise.
7.4.2 Optical Imbalance Sensor

(Models 3K30, 4-15, 4K15, 6-15 and 6K15 from serial No. 50670 onwards as well as
8K10 from serial No. 63987)
The imbalance switch of these models 3 is a grey wedge filter which oscillates within
a light barrier in case of an imbalance.
To remove light barrier and grey
wedge filter proceed as follows:
First disconnect the plug X2 of the

connecting cables on the power board.
1 In Zent1: disconnect the plug X5 on the

computer board.
In Zent 2 und Zent3: disconnect the

plug X6 on the computer board
Loosen the screws of the light barrier

and replace light barrier (1).
Fig.7.8: Grey wedge Reconnect cables
To replace the grey wedge filter,

loosen the fastening screw (2) at the
front and take out the grey wedge filter
foil.
Slip the new grey wedge filter foil into

place beneath the clamping block and
tighten the fastening screw. The
blackened part of the foil must be
within the detection field of the light
barrier. The optical density has to
decrease from the top to the bottom.
Adjust imbalance switch: see 7.4.2.1.

7.4.2.1 Adjustment of Imbalance Switch

Determining the static imbalance value:
Zent1/Zent2-control unit:
• Activate service mode (see 7.5.1)

• Select service mode point 5
• Press key „ENTER“
→ The value of the static imbalance appears in the time display.
Zent3 control unit:
• Activate sensor mode (see section. 7.5.3)

→ The value of the static imbalance appears under “IMB-STA”.
Adjustment:
The value of the static imbalance must be between 300 and 400. In case of
deviations:
Use rotor with medium weight (see. table 7.2)
Adjust grey wedge in the middle of the light barrier. The potentiometer
on the circuit board (see diagram) of the grey wedge is in a middle
position (Notch respectively flattened part point vertically upwards.) Fig.7.9:
Grey wedge circuit board
Set a value of 350 by turning the potentiometer.
7.4.2.2 Values for Imbalance Adjustments:
Centrifuge Angle Swing-out Critical Max. Cut-off Para- Temp. run

type rotor rotor imbal. imbalance imbal. in meter rotor/speed
speed at critical g setting
speed in g (+/- 1,5g) run (learn
(+/- 1,5g) run) in g
1-13/MFL 12029 13000
1-6 12124 5650
1-15/MF18 12124 14000
2-5 Unbal/ 11030 2100 6 9
All2
1K15 / 12024 15300 2,5 +/- 0,5g 5 +/- 1g 12024/15300
Microfuge R
1-15K 12024 14000 2,5 +/- 0,5g 5 +/- 1g 12024/14000
Microfuge22R
2-15 11192 4500 Function
test
2-15 Zent 11192 4500 6 9
2-16 11192 15000 6 9
2K15 12141 15300 6 9 12141/15300
2K15 Zent 11192 5000 5 8 12141/15300
2-16K 11192 15300 5 8 12141/15300
3-10 11133 4500 8 10
3K10 11133 4800 8 10
3-15 11133 5000 8 10 11133/5300
3K15 " 5500
3K18 " 5500
3-16 11180 + 14500 10 20
3-16K 13180 15300
3-18K 18000
Allegra X-22
Allegra X-22R
GS15R/All21 11133 5500 7 10 11133/4800
R S 4180 5000
GS15/All21 (GS15)
Zent
3-12 12111 14500 6 8
11133 5000 8 10
3K12 12111 15300 6 8
11133 5500 8 10
3K30 12156 16500 6 10
12110 30000
11134 10000
3K30C 12156 16500 7 10 8 12156/16500
Zent 3 11390 5000 3 5 4
4-10 12165 12000 6 10
11140 5000 6 12
4K10 12165 13000 6 10
11140 5000 6 12
4-15 12130 13500 14 20
11150 4500 14 20 15
4-15 C* 09100 6000 20 17 35 20
4K15 12130 15000 14 20 11151/5100

Allegra 25R TA-15- 11150/ 5100 14 20 15
1.5 TS-5.1-
500
4K15 C* 09100 6000 20 17 35 20
6-10 12500 8000 10 25
11162 4000 10 25
6K10 12500 9600 10 25
11162 4500 10 25
6-15 12500 8000 10 25
11150+ 4500 10 25 16
13420
6K15 12500 9600 10 25 11152/4700
11150+ 5100 10 25 16
13420
8K10 11800+ 5130 50-60 80-100 70 5130
13810
*Imbalance values only with rotor 09100!
Table 7.2: Settings of imbalance values. We reserve the right to technical modifications!
The imbalance values in the above table, both for cut-off imbalance and max.
permissible imbalance at critical speed, depend on the rotor type and mass. Water
filled centrifuge glasses are suitable to simulate an imbalance (1 ml ≈ 1g).
Special rotors:
The learn run for special rotors must be done with particular weights.
7.5 Service mode
7.5.1 Service mode Zent1 and Zent2 (starting with Software

version 1.79)
The service mode is switched on by pressing the ← key once and then the ENTER
key three times, holding it for more than three seconds the third time. The centrifuge
indicates that the service mode has been activated by displaying ‘SER’ in the time
display, the menu number in the program display and the menu options as full text in
the speed display.
By pressing EDIT, the normal operating mode is reactivated.
Important: In order to follow the instructions given below correctly, you should first
read out the number of the software version by using service mode No. 0. The table
„Menu options in the service mode of the Zent control units“ should be observed!
The software version can also be determined by pressing the key „FSTOP“ before or
up to three seconds after switching the centrifuge on.
Menu options
No. SWV Text Description
0 ≥1.78 ver Display of version number and system information
1 >1.79 offset
1 ≥1.63 sen Display of sensor values
Set offset value of temperature sensor after pressing the ENTER
key
2 ≥1.75 i-fak DETERMINATION OF IMBALANCE FACTOR (FROM SW VERSION 1.75 ONWARD)
3 error Display/deletion of error table
4 eep-- Erase EEPROM and ‘lid lock’
5 ≥1.75 imb w Parameter setting run for measuring imbalance warning
limit/Display of static imbalance
6 ≥1.75 imb f From this software version onwards a parameter setting run for
measuring the imbalance cut-off limit should no longer be
carried out ⇒ Carry out service mode No. 2 instead.
7 led88 Test of LEDs
8 time Operating hour counter
9 Cycle Switching-on of cyclic operation; display/deletion of cycle
counter
Table 7.3: Menu options of service mode of Zent1 and Zent2 control units
Procedure:
• Press ← key and then ENTER key three times; hold ENTER key when
pressing for the third time.
• Use ↑ and ↓ keys to select the required function and activate by pressing
ENTER key. If the chosen menu option has a substructure, it is possible to return to
the main menu by pressing EDIT.
• No. 0: Display of version number and centrifuge type

In addition to the software version and the centrifuge type, further information can be
displayed by pressing the ↑ key.
Time display Speed display
1x↑ Month of compilation Day and year of compilation
2x↑ Software version sub-number Version number of centrifuge type
3x↑ Software version Part No. of EPROM
Table 7.4: Display of service mode No. 0
The version sub-number is valid for every centrifuge type. Its number is increased in
the current software version after general modifications. The version number of the
centrifuge is type specific and is increased in the centrifuge configuration file after
every modification.
• No. 1: Display Sensor Values and Set Offset Value of Temperature

Sensor
Nine different digital sensor values are displayed in this menu. The values are shown
either as „0“ or „1“. The following figure shows the assignments of the sensor signals
to the display.
Fig. 7.10: Display of sensor values
Display
Program display: WRB Frequency converted ready

1: ready
0: not ready
Time display: Deckel Lid switch

1: Lid closed
0: Lid open
Res1 Reserve pin 1: (8K10:Refrigeration during standstill)

1: Pin open (5V)
0: Pin closed
Res2 Reserve pin 2: (Overtemperature of chamber)

1: Pin open (5V)
0: Pin closed
Speed display: Ü.temp Overtemperature of the heat sink of the inverter

1: No overtemperature
0: Overtemperature
Unw. Digital imbalance switch

1: Imbalance
0: No imbalance
Code Rotor code

Alternates between 0 and 1, when the rotor is
turning
Drz. Speed signal

Alternates between 0 and 1, when the rotor is
turning
MFR Monoflop signal

1: Rotor is turning
0: Rotor is stationary
The MFR signal switches from 0 to 1 after the 1→0
slope of the speed signal; approx. two seconds later
the signal returns to 0.
Possible options EDIT/ENTER: Quit menu.
Note! Service mode No. 1 should be used to check the sensors of the centrifuge.
This is achieved by changing the output signals of the sensors, for instance,
by opening and closing the lid ⇒ Signal switches 1-0-1-0…
The rotor must be turned manually in order to check the imbalance sensor, the
rotor code sensor and the monoflop sensor. If the sensors are in order, the
numbers in the displays alternate 0-1-0-1…
Setting of Offset Value of Temperature Sensor

The tolerance of the temperature sensor does not allow to achieve a temperature
deviation of < +/- 1°C. It is therefore possible to enter an offset value in the service
mode under point 1:
• Select menu 1 (sensor mode)
• Press „ENTER“ key twice
• Use the keys ↑ and ↓ to enter the required offset value
• The offset value is displayed in the time/temperature display in steps of 1/10 °C
The speed display shows the measured temperature plus the offset value.
• Quit service mode by pressing the key „EDIT“ twice
A positive offset value reduces the chamber temperature and a negative value
increases it.
• No. 2: Determination of Imbalance Correction Value and

Parameter Setting Run
It is not possible to select point 2 of the service mode in centrifuges with an
imbalance switch (see 7.4.1: mechanical imbalance sensor)
The imbalance test mode described under 4.4.4 has to be selected in software
versions from version number 1.63 upwards by pressing the key ← „arrow to left“.
In service mode No. 2, an imbalance correction value can be set to increase or

decrease the sensitivity to an imbalance. A positive value decreases and a negative
value increases the sensitivity.
Caution! This correction value is valid for all rotors of the type of centrifuge in
use!
The following table shows the conversion of correction values into their
corresponding correction factor using the formula 1/(1+x) for negative and 1+(x/10)
for positive values:
Correction value Correction factor

-30 1/(1+3,0)=0,25
-20 1/(1+2,0)=0,33
-10 1/(1+1,0)=0,5
0 1+0,0=1
10 1+1,0=2
20 1+2,0=3
30 1+3,0=4
Table 7.5: Correction values
The correction value should be determined by means of a parameter setting run.
Proceed as follows:
• Select suitable rotor and load with test weight (see table 7.2).
• For refrigerated centrifuges: Set temperature at 40 °C (Refrigeration should

not switch on during parameter setting run).
• Press ENTER in service mode No. 2 until imbalance LED lights up.
• The acceleration curve 19, the maximum speed of the rotor used and a run
time of 10 minutes are used automatically after activating the parameter
setting run under point to of the service mode. The run can be started by
pressing START without leaving the service mode.
• After the run the imbalance LED is turned off and the calculated factor is
stored in the EEPROM and is displayed.
• Erase EEPROM completely prior to determining the correction value if an

imbalance parameter setting run has already been carried out with the
microcontroller board in use under point 6 of the service mode.
• There must be no vibrations during the acceleration phase. In case of doubt

repeat the steps described above as applicable.
• Do not erase EEPROM completely after this service mode has been carried
out as the imbalance correction value would be lost in this case. If the
EEPROM has been erased accidentally, enter the correction values in point 2
of the service mode by pressing the keys ‘↑‘ and ‘↓‘.
• Carry out a test run with cut-off weights to verify the correction value that has
been determined.
The value can be set manually in the service mode if the customer finds the
determined value to be too sensitive/insensitive. The above table should be observed
and the value altered accordingly: positive (less sensitive) and negative (more
sensitive).
Proceed as follows:
• Activate service mode and select menu No. 2
• Press ENTER once to activate the manual input mode
• Measured correction value flashes in temperature display
• Set desired correction value by using ↑ and ↓ keys
• Confirm and leave service mode by pressing EDIT twice
As a rule it is neither necessary nor advisable to carry out this procedure.
• No. 3: Display/Delete Error List

As many as 14 error numbers are stored in the EEPROM. Should there be more than
14 errors, the first entry is overwritten. The error index is selected by pressing the ↑
and ↓ keys. The corresponding error number is shown in the speed display. The
stored errors are erased by pressing [←].
Note: Starting with SW version 1.78 the errors 79, 98 and 99 are no longer stored in
the EEPROM.
Display
Speed display: Display of error number ERR nn
Time display: Display of storage location number 0 - 13
Possible options
↑: Display next error
↓: Display previous error
←: Erase stored errors
EDIT/ENTER: Quit menu
• No. 4: Erase EEPROM and Lid lock

Once the mode for erasing the EEPROM has been selected, the message 'ERASE'
appears in the speed display.
Erase user data
The user data in the EEPROM, which include programs, user defined curves (only in
ZENT1) and stored error messages, are erased by pressing ENTER. Total run time,
cycle counter, temperature offset and imbalance values are not erased.
Erase all EEPROM data
All EEPROM data (except total run time and the cycle counter) are erased by
pressing [←]. These two values can be erased by using the options on the
corresponding menu in the service mode.
The warning and cut-off imbalance limits are also erased and substituted by the
default values in the EPROM.
Delete lid lock
Only applicable for centrifuges without rotor identification.
If the speed signal fails during a run or the centrifuge starts up without a speed
signal, errors 28 or 29 appear on the display. In this case the control unit of the
centrifuge does not know whether or how fast the rotor is turning. To prevent the
operator from opening the lid while the rotor is turning, the lid is locked for a set time.
The error is stored even if the centrifuge has been switched off. After switching the
centrifuge back on, error 28 is displayed immediately and remains until the set
waiting period, during which the centrifuge must stay switched on, has passed. The
waiting time is set to 12 minutes for the centrifuge model ‘1K15’.
Possible options
←: Erase all EEPROM data
ENTER: Erase user defined program data and characteristic

curves.
DECKEL: Lift lid lock after failure of speed signal
EDIT: Quit menu
Instructions for changing EPROMs
The EEPROM is initialised when the main microcontroller board is switched on for
the first time. The following data are transferred from the EPROM to the EEPROM:
• Centrifuge type
• EPROM version number of software
• EPROM version number of centrifuge type
These three identification numbers in the EPROM and EEPROM are compared every
time the centrifuge is switched on.
There are the following possibilities:
• Type of centrifuge is not identical. The EEPROM will be erased

completely (run time and cycle counter are also reset to zero).
• The number of the EEPROM software version or the centrifuge

type has changed. The EEPROM is erased except for the run
time and the cycle counter.
In all other cases the error code ERROR 69/70 is used to indicate that the content of
the EEPROM has been altered. This message can be cancelled by pressing any key.
Information concerning the imbalance limits
The imbalance limits determine at which imbalance intensity the warning LED lights
up, respectively when the centrifuge is stopped by means of a quick stop. The
EPROM contains imbalance default values for every type of centrifuge and group of
rotors. These default values are appropriate for standard operations.
If, however, other limits are required, these can be determined by means of
parameter setting runs and stored in the EEPROM. The default values in the EPROM
are then no longer used. By erasing all the EEPROM data, the limits set in the
parameter setting runs are erased and the original default values used again.
See service mode No. 2 for instructions on conducting a parameter setting run.
• No. 5: Display of static imbalance warning limit

The parameter setting run for determining the warning limit is not applicable from
software version 1.75 onwards. Service mode No. 2 replaces the parameter setting
run. Only the static imbalance limit is displayed. The warning limit is n/10 of the cut-
off limit and n lies between n=[0…10] and is permanently stored in the EPROM.
• No. 6: Parameter Setting run for Imbalance Cut-off limit

Caution! This parameter setting run is only intended for internal use at Sigma
and is not to be carried out by service engineers, as it is not possible to
check the results. The imbalance correction factor is to be determined
according to service mode No. 2.
When a parameter setting run has been carried out, the values in the
EEPROM should be erased and a parameter setting run conducted
according to service mode No. 2!
• No. 7: Test of LEDs

All LEDs and seven segment displays are switched on or off by pressing ENTER
• No. 8: Display Operating hours

The operating hours are shown in the time and speed display in the following way:
Time display: hhh Speed display: hh-mm
It is therefore possible to display a maximum of 99999 h 59 min (approx. 11 years).

The operating hours are registered as long as the rotor is turning and are updated in
the EEPROM after the completion of every run. By pressing [←] the counter can be
reset to 0.
Display
Time/speed display: Total run time in hours and minutes
Possible options
[←]: Reset total run time to 0
ENTER/EDIT: Quit menu
• No. 9: Switching-on of cyclic operation; display of cycle counter
Caution! Only activate this service mode for test purposes!
The number of cycles recorded on the cycle counter since it was erased last is
displayed in the speed display. The cycle counter is stored permanently in the
EEPROM and updated after the completion of every run.
The time display shows the waiting time between stopping and restarting the
centrifuge in minutes. Exception: If the display shows 0, the waiting time is 10 sec. By
pressing the ↑ and ↓ keys the waiting time can be altered. The key [←] erases the
cycle counter. By pressing the START key the cyclic operation is activated and the
centrifuge started. Press S-STOP to leave cyclic operation.
The selection of this mode is indicated by a flashing Start-LED respectively Stop-

LED. One bit is set in the EEPROM to ensure that the centrifuge remains in cyclic
operation even after switching off.
Should an error occur under cyclic operation, the control unit of the centrifuge checks
by using a table, whether further operation of the centrifuge is possible. If this is the
case, the error is stored in the EEPROM and the centrifuge continues cyclic
operation.
Display
Time display:Waiting time in minutes
Speed display: Cycle counter
Possible options
↑: Increase waiting time by 1 min
↓: Decrease waiting time by 1

←: Erase cycle counter
START: Switch on cyclic operation and start centrifuge
S-STOP: Switch off cyclic operation and stop centrifuge
EDIT/ENTER: Quit cycle count menu
7.5.2 Service mode Zent3
Important! To be able to follow the instructions below correctly, you should first
read out the software version using the menu option configuration
„Info“.
• Select the configuration mode (→) by turning the control knob and activate the
mode by pressing the control knob.
• Select the menu „Info“ by turning the control knob and activate by pressing the
control knob.
→ The number of the software version can be found under point „Zent3
Version“.
Fig.7.11: Display „Info“; here: Centrifuge 6K15
By entering the code the service mode is activated. Please contact the service
department of Sigma if the code for activating the service mode has been lost.
You are now on page 1 of the service mode.
Note: The service mode can be activated in each display mode.
Fig. 7.12: Service mode page 1

In order to go to page 2 of the service mode, select the display field „page 2“ by
turning the control knob, press the control knob.
→You are now on page 2 of the service mode.
Fig. 7.13: Service mode page 2
To quit the service mode:
• Select display field „Leave service mode“ by turning the control knob.
• Quit service mode by pressing the control knob.
Service functions
The following service functions are also accessed by entering a code:
• Erase user code
By entering the user code the user can store the centrifuge functions „Store
programme“, „Modify parameters“, „Load programme“ and lock the ‘Start’ key.
Call the service of Sigma, if the code to lift the lock has been lost.
• Erase user data in EEPROM Code 111
By entering this code the stored programmes, contrast, the configuration setting
and the user defined curves are erased. After entering this code the centrifuge
returns to its factory setting.
Entering the code:

• Press key `STOP` and keep holding it down during entering the code
• Turn control knob anti clockwise (left) by one segment
• Turn control knob from this position clockwise (right) by one segment
• Turn control knob from this position anti clockwise (left) by one segment
Menu options in the service mode
Designation Description
Page 1
Imbalance Adjustment Correction value for imbalance
Learn run Determination of imbalance factors
Temp Offset Setting of offset value for temperature
sensor
EEPROM Delete time + cycles Erase total run time and cycle numbers
stored in the EEPROM
Delete Erase EEPROM except time and cycles

Error Display list Display list of errors which are stored
Delete Erase list of errors
Page 2
Cycles Standstill: h:min:sec Rest period: Time between rotor coming to
standstill and starting up again
Start Start of cyclic operation
Overspd. Test controller Overspeed controller is tested
Table 7.6: Menu options in the service mode of Zent3 control unit
7.5.2.1 Imbalance correction factor and parameter setting run

for measuring imbalance („Unwucht: Korrekturwert; Lernlauf“)
This menu option allows the user to set an imbalance correction factor to increase or
decrease the sensitivity against an imbalance. A positive value decreases and a
negative value increases the sensitivity against an imbalance.
Attention! The correction factor is valid for all rotors for this type of centrifuge!
The following table shows the conversion of the correction values into their
corresponding correction factors (for negative values 1/(1+x) and for positive values
1+(x/10):
Correction value Correction factor

-30 1/(1+3,0)=0,25
-20 1/(1+2,0)=0,33
-10 1/(1+1,0)=0,5
0 1+0,0=1
10 1+1,0=2
20 1+2,0=3
30 1+3,0=4
Table 7.7: Correction values
The correction value should be determined by a parameter setting run.
Proceed as follows:
• Select service mode (see section 7.5.2).
• Select display field „Learn run“ by turning and then pressing the control knob →
dialog window appears.
• Select display field „Yes“ by turning and then pressing the control knob → dialog
window appears.
• Load rotor with test weight (see table 7.2).
• Automatically - the maximum speed is set,
- acceleration curve no. 19 is selected,
- the temperature is set to 40°C,
- a sufficiently long run time („Hold“) is chosen, so that the rotor

can be accelerated to its maximum speed.
• Close lid.
• Press control knob.
→ The centrifuge accelerates to its maximum speed and then slows down again.
During this run the correction value is determined and displayed under menu option
„adjustment“.
Note: There must not be any vibrations during the acceleration phase of the
parameter setting run. If in doubt repeat the parameter setting run.
Do not erase the EEPROM completely after the imbalance correction value
has been determined, as otherwise the imbalance correction value will be lost.
If the EEPROM has been erased by mistake, the correction value must be
entered again.
The value can be corrected in the service mode manually if the user considers the
measured value to be too sensitive or insensitive. The above table should be
observed and the value altered accordingly to more positive (less sensitive) or more
negative (more sensitive) values.
Proceed as follows:
• Select service mode (see section 7.5.2).
• Select display field „Adjustment“ and activate the manual input mode by pressing
the control knob (SET lights up).
• Set the imbalance correction value by turning the control knob. Values between
-30 and +30 can be set.
• Press control knob to acknowledge entered data.
As a rule it is neither necessary nor advisable to carry out this procedure.
7.5.2.2 Setting of offset value of temperature sensor („Temp:

Offset“)
With this menu option it is possible to set a constant offset value which is then added
to the measured temperature in the chamber. The offset value is stored in the
EEPROM.
• Select service mode (section 7.5.2).
• Select display field „Offset“ by turning the control knob and then activate the
manual input mode by pressing the control knob (SET lights).
• Set offset value by turning the control knob. The offset value is increased in steps
of 1/10 K.
Example: set temperature value 20°C
measured rotor temperature after one hour 22,5°C
→ set offset value to 25 (= 2,5K)
Press control knob to acknowledge entered data.
Note: A positive offset value decreases the temperature of the chamber and a
negative value increases the temperature.
7.5.2.3 Delete EEPROM, time and cycles

Data that should remain stored even after the centrifuge has been switched off are
stored in a non-volatile storage (serlal EEPROM).
• Delete time and cycles („Delete time + cycles“)
This menu option allows deletion of the total run time and number of cycles since the
last reset.
Proceed as in next paragraph section 4.6.3.2. (Erase EEPROM)
Note: The menu option configuration „Info“ (see section 7.5.2) provides data on the
total run time „Runtime“ and number of cycles „Cycles“ since the last reset.
• Erase EEPROM („Delete“)
This menu option allows all data stored in the EEPROM except total run time and
number of cycles to be deleted. The data includes user data, programmes, setting of
contrasts, configuration of system, user defined curves and user codes as well as
service data, temperature offset and imbalance correction value.
• Select display field „Delete time + cycles“ or „Delete“ by turning the control knob
and pressing it → dialog window appears.
• Select „Yes“ by turning the control knob and acknowledge by pressing the control
knob.
7.5.2.4 Display/Deletion of error list („Display list; Delete“)
The menu option „Display list“ shows an overview of all the errors that have been
stored in the EEPROM. As many as 14 error numbers are stored. If more than 14
errors have occurred, the oldest entry is overwritten.
Note: Errors 79, 98 and 99 are not stored in the EEPROM.
The menu option „Delete“ allows deletion of all errors stored in the EEPROM.
• Select display field „Delete“ by turning the control knob and pressing it → dialog
window appears.
knob.
7.5.2.5 Switching on of cyclic operation („Cycle: Time; Start“)

Cyclic operation allows the user, for instance, to simulate normal operation of the
centrifuge in order to check whether the centrifuge works faultlessly. Centrifuge runs
are repeated with the set values until the cyclic operation is interrupted.
Using the menu option „Rest time“ allows the user to set the time in h:min:sec
between the rotor coming to a standstill and re-starting it:
• Select display field „Standstill“ by turning the control knob and activate the manual
input mode by pressing the control knob (SET lights up).
• Set the desired value by turning the control knob and enter the value by pressing
the control knob.
Cyclic operation can be started in menu option „Start“:
• Select „Start“ by turning the control knob and pressing it → dialog window
appears.
knob.
During the rest time that has been set the key „Start“ flashes and the count down of
the remaining rest time is to be seen in the time display.
During operation of the centrifuge, the key „Stop“ flashes.

The run can be started or stopped ahead of time without ending the mode for cyclic
operation.
Ending cyclic operation
• Press ‘Stop’ key for more than 1 sec. → dialog window appears.
• Acknowledge by pressing the control knob.
Note: Cyclic operation is maintained after a power failure.
7.5.2.6 Testing of overspeed controller
All rotors which can be used for a certain type of centrifuge are stored in the
overspeed controller. It monitors the speed of the rotor independently from the main
controller and switches off the drive system once the maximum speed which is
permissible for the rotor has been exceeded.
Prior to each centrifuge run, a run will be simulated to check, whether the overspeed
controller works correctly (see section 6.3.1.4). If the overspeed controller reacts
incorrectly, an error message is displayed and operation of the centrifuge is
impossible.
A test of the overspeed controller should be carried out after replacing the
EPROM and/or the overspeed controller as both components must match each
other.
During this test the data of all rotors which can be used together with a certain type of
centrifuge are checked using simulated runs This is done by first testing with the
maximum permissible speed of the rotor used minus 100 revolutions per minute and
then by using a maximum permissible speed plus 100 revolutions per minute.
Proceed as follows:
• Activate service mode (Section 4.6).
• Go to page 2 (section 4.6).
• Select the display field „Test controller“ by turning the control knob and activate
control unit by pressing the control knob.
→ Dialog window „Test controller – please wait“ appears.
After the end of the test another dialog window appears depending on the test result:
• „Test OK“ or • „Error Rotor No.“

= =
Overspeed controller Overspeed controller does not work
works correctly. correctly. The part no. of
• Press control knob the first rotor, for which the
→ Operation of centrifuge controller has reacted incorrectly
can be started. during the test appears in the
dialog window.
• Press control knob.
• Check whether type number of
overspeed controller and
EPROM match and whether
overspeed controller has
correct polarity.
7.5.3 Sensor mode of Zent3 control unit
12 sensor values belonging to two categories are indicated in the sensor mode:
1. digital signals: 0/1
2. digitally converted analogue signals: 0 (0V) - 1023 ( 5V)
This allows an immediate diagnoses and fast repair of faults should there be a
malfunction during operation. Values can neither be entered nor modified.
Activating the sensor mode
• Select the configuration mode (→ respectively KONFIG→) by turning the control

knob.
• After pressing the control knob the configuration overview appears.
• Select display field „Sensor“ by turning the control knob.
• After pressing the control knob the sensor mode appears.
Fig. 7.16: Sensor mode (depending on version)

7.5.3.1 Input signals
SPEED (digital)
Speed signal
alternates between 0 and 1, when the rotor is turning
(6x0 and 6x1 for each full revolution)
ROTORID (digital)
Rotor code
alternates between 0 and 1, when the rotor is turning
The frequency with which the signal alternates between 0 and 1

depends on the number of rotor magnets-
MFR (digital)
(Monoflop signal)
1: Rotor is turning
0: Rotor is stationary
The MFR signal switches from 0 to 1 after the 1→ 0 slope of the speed
signal. Approx. 2 seconds later the signal returns to 0.
WRB (digital)
Frequency converter ready
1: ready
0: not ready
DOOR (digital)
Lid switch
1: Lid closed
0: Lid open
HOOK (analogue)
only for centrifuges of the 4 and 6 range
> 800: Lid open
< 500: Lid closed
RES2 (analogue)
Reserve pin 2: (Overtemperature chamber)
> 1000: Pin open (5 V); overtemperature
< 1000: Pin closed; no overtemperature
RES3 (analogue) In centrifuges with heating device, e.g. 6-15H,

"HBTEMP" is displayed instead of "RES3" (from
version 1.17; example.: 250≙25°C [1/10°C]).
RES4 (analogue)
TEMP Uncompensated sensor value of the chamber temperature (example:

200≙20°C [1/10°C]).
IMB-STA (analogue)
Analogue imbalance system; only for centrifuges of the 4 and 6 range

Value should be between 300 and 400.
For adjustment see section 7.4.2.

IMB-DYN (analogue)
Analogue imbalance system; only for centrifuges of the 4 and 6 range
During standstill the value should be above 1000. Shake the rotor if an
imbalance malfunction has occurred. The value should become
< 1000 for a short period of time and return to a value > 1000 when the
rotor is again stationary.
IMB-DIG (digital)
Digital imbalance system; only with centrifuges of the 1, 2, and 3 range
1: Imbalance switch closed (Imbalance has been recognised)
0: Imbalance switch open (at standstill)
Note This service mode is intended to check the sensors of the centrifuge.
To do so, the signals must be altered, e.g. close/open lid → signal
changes 1-0-1-0...
To check the imbalance sensor, the rotor code sensor, the speed
sensor and the monoflop sensor, the rotor must be turned manually. If
a sensor works correctly, the display alternates 0-1-0-1...
7.5.4 Service Mode Zent4
7.5.4.1 Outline
With the service mode of Zent4 following settings and trouble shooting are possible:
- Press “Lid” key and hold it

- Power ON
- Let off “Lid” key
Display of software information

(see 7.5.4.2)
- Press “Start” key twice Sensor mode

- Hold it approx. 2 sec when Digital inputs and outputs
pressing it for the second time (see 7.5.4.3)
- Press “Start” key three times Sensor mode

- Hold it approx. 2 sec when Exact temperature display
pressing it for the third time (see 7.5.4.4)
- Press “Start” key four times Enter

- Hold it approx. 2 sec when Temperature sensor offset
pressing it for the fourth time (see 7.5.4.5)
- Press “Start” key five times Display

- Hold it approx. 2 sec when Cycles and error list
pressing it for the fifth time (see 7.5.4.6)
- Press “Start” key eight times Sensor mode

- Hold it approx. 2 sec when Motor parameter
pressing it for the eighth time (see 7.5.4.7)
- Press “Start” key ten times Deleting the complete

- Hold it approx. 2 sec when EEPROM
pressing it for the tenth time (see 7.5.4.9)
7.5.4.2 Display Software Information
To display the software information, proceed as follows:
Close the lid. Press the “Lid open” key and hold it before and during switching on the
centrifuge. The display will show following data:
SW version power board

SW SW
version control
versionelectronics
control SW-Vers. Leistungskarte
electronics
CentrifugeZentrifugentyp
model SW-Bestellnummer
SW order number
Software version of control electronics
Left-justified in the “Speed” field, marked as “UI” like “User-Interface”

Example: “12” means software version 1.2
Software version of power board
Right-justified in the “Speed” field, marked as “Pb” like “Power Board”. This is
displayed with a lag of approx. 1 second. Example: “27” means software version 2.7.
Model version number of control electronics
The model version number indicates the status of specific

parameters, such as rotor list and motor parameter. The
“TYPnr” is displayed integral every two seconds,
alternating with the software versions.
Centrifuge model
The centrifuge model is displayed in the lower field “Rotor”, e.g. “2-16K”.
Order number of software
The order number (part number) of the software is shown on the right-hand side in
the “rcf” field. It is marked as “od no” like “Order No.” In case of software updates the
new software file must have the same order number.
Quit the “Display Software Information” by pressing the “Stop” or “Lid” key.
7.5.4.3 Sensor Mode – Digital Inputs and Outputs
The status of the digital sensors and switches can be checked out in the sensor
mode. But only the sensors connected directly to the control board and the speed
and rotor signals are displayed. The sensors connected to the power board are not
indicated.
Proceed as follows:
• Select display of software version (see 7.5.4.2)

• Press “Start” key twice and hold it when pressing it for the second time
“Digit” is displayed in the rcf-set-value-field, and the sensors’ status is displayed

binary coded in the rcf-actual-value-field.
Rotor code
Rotor code sensor (over X1)
Motor overtemperature X6
Speed sensor (over X1)
Chamber overtemperature X5
Imbalance sensor X7
Rotorcode:
Measured rotor code for checking the magnet coding of the inserted rotor.
Motor overtemperature:
Status of the overtemperature sensor at the motor (only in 3-16/3-16K from SW 2.1)
0 = 0V at X6/2 = no error message
1 = 5V at X6/2 = overtemperature or no sensor connected (Error 26)
Chamber overtemperature:
Status of the overtemperature sensor in the chamber (only in 3-16K)
0 = 0V at X5/2 = no error message
1 = 5V at X5/2 = overtemperature or no sensor connected (Error 25)
Imbalance sensor:
Status of the mechanical imbalance switch. Even short imbalance impulses are
stored for at least 100 ms and output.
0 = 5V at X7/2 = imbalance switch open or not connected
1 = 0V at X7/2 = imbalance impulse stored
This display only works with the imbalance sensor that is directly connected to the
control board, only in models 3-16/3-16K with power board 70783/70784.
Speed and rotor sensor:

Output of the speed and rotor code signals with a sample rate of 10 Hz for checking
of the sensors at low speed (manual turning of the rotor with opened lid).
The time-, speed- and temperature scale keeps its function and the centrifuge can be
operated. To quit the sensor mode “digital inputs and outputs”, the centrifuge must be
switched off and on again.
7.5.4.4 Sensor Mode – Exact Temperature Display
Entering the sensor mode:

• Press “Start” key three times and hold it when pressing it for the third time
Temperature compensation is deactivated in this mode. The measured temperature

is displayed unfiltered and in 1/10°C in the rcf-field. This mode is especially provided
for temperature measurements and determination of compensation values in
standard machines.
Attention The general temperature offset value must be reset to 0!

The figure above shows a temperature value of 20.5°C.
To quit the sensor mode “exact temperature display”, the centrifuge must be
switched off and on again.
7.5.4.5 Enter Temperature Sensor Offset
In case of bigger deviations between displayed temperature and measured sample

temperature, you may enter a general temperature sensor offset for compensation
(increment 1/10°C, max. +/- 5°C).
Proceed as follows:

• Press “Start” key four times and hold it when pressing it for the fourth time
The offset value is displayed in the rcf-field (blinking) and can be changed by turning
the -/+ turnign knob.
This figure is showing an offset value of +1.3°C.
By pressing any key the offset value is stored and the enter mode is left.
7.5.4.6 Display of the Cycles and the Error List
The Zent4 electronics have an internal cycle counter that is increased after every
completed run, and an error list in which the last 30 malfunctions together with cycle
status and used rotor are stored.
To see the cycle status and the error list, proceed as follows:

• Press “Start” key five times and hold it when pressing it for the fifth time
First, the cycle status ist displayed, marked as “CYCLE” in the speed-field. The error
list is marked as “ErrLi”.
7.5.4.6.1 Display of the Cycles
The cycles are displayed right-justified in the set value fields “rcf” and “speed”.
Having a cycle number with more than 5 digits, the upper speed field is used for the
higher-order digits.
7.5.4.6.2 Display of the Error List
By turning the right knob and after displaying the cycle status, the last 30
malfunctions – if existing – are displayed. The order of malfunctions is shown in the
time field (0=latest malfunction, 30=oldest malfunction). In case of overrun, the list is
updated according to the FIFO principle. The oldest error is overwritten.
The ascertained number of cycles at the time of malfunction is displayed in the upper
set value field, as described under 7.5.4.6.1. The assigned rotor is displayed in the
rotor field and the error number in the rcf-field.
Example: In this figure the last malfunction, Err12, is displayed. It occured at cycle
no. 267 with rotor 11122.
You can swap the list with the “Lid” and “Stop” key, too. By pressing the “Start” key,
the error list is left.
7.5.4.7 Sensor Mode Motor Parameter
This mode is for internal parameter optimization and error diagnostics and is for
information only. For activation, proceed as follows:

• Press “Start” key eight times and hold it when pressing it for the eighth time
After activation, you can switch between normal display and display of motor
parameter (level 1) by pressing the inactive “Lid” key. In centrifuges having the
4 Amp power board, further data can be displayed in the 2. level. The current level is
signaled in the temperature field and can be changed by pressing the “Lid” key. To
quit this mode, the centrifuge must be switched off and on again.
 

 
NO. LEVEL 1 LEVEL 21
Actual speed [1/min]

 Output of the actual speed without filters.
A/D-value IGBT temperature

Temperature can be deduced with the aid of the A/D(T)
Rotor slip [1/min]
 = field speed – rotor speed
diagram. Limit values:
SW-Vers. ≤ 2.5 Tmax= 80°C = 567.
SW-Vers. ≥ 2.6 Tmax= 100°C = 431.
Curve set speed [1/min] A/D-value current measurement

 Current set value calculated from ramp Power value of IGBT control component.
A/D value inverter voltage

PB output voltage Proportional to inverter voltage
 Software set value motor voltage Limit values: overvoltage: > 924 undervoltage: < 626
Chopper ON: > 884 Chopper OFF: < 844
A/D value lid transistor monitoring
WRB error counter Error limit value = 3952. Error 9 when exceeding.
 Up-/down counter WR Fault. 1 transistor defective = approx. 460
2 transistors defective = approx. 800
7.5.4.8 Deleting the complete EEPROM
ATTENTION: Temperature sensor offset, cycle list and error list are deleted!
In order to delete the EEPROM data, proceed as follows:

• Press “Start” key ten times and hold it when pressing it for the tenth time
“INIT EEPRO” is displayed and a status bar shows the progress.
1
Only in centrifuges with 4A power electronics 70783/70784 (3-16/3-16K)
2
Old limit value=380 in 3-16 TypVer.≤ 9 and 3-16K TypVer. ≤ 14.
7.5.5 Lock Mode
The lock mode saves the set centrifugation parameter from unintentional or malicious
changes.
Open the lid, press the “Start” key three times and hold it when pressing it for the
third time. Now the “Lock” symbol is blinking and the centrifuge parameter cannot be
changed directly using the encoders. The softstart/softstop settings cannot be
changed, either.
Deactivation of the lock function is carried out in the same way as its activation.
7.6 Sensors Microfuges
7.6.1 Read out Software Version

When lid is closed, hold down ‘lid open’ key before and during switching the mains.
In models 1-13, 2-3 and 2-4 the software version is indicated by flashing Start and
Lid LEDs. The Start LED indicates the number of the versions before the dot and the
Lid LED the number behind the dot. Example: For software version 2.4 the Start LED
flashes twice and the Lid LED four times. The software mode is left by pressing any
key.
In models 1-6, 1-15, 1-15K, 2-5 and 2-16 the number of the version before the dot is
indicated by the position of the pointer in the time display and the number behind the
dot by the position of the pointer in the speed display. The small graduation marks
on the time display and speed display (upper scale) are relevant and have to be
counted, and not the numbers. Fig. 7.17, for instance, indicates software version
2.4. The software mode is left by pressing any key. In model 2-16 by pressing the
STOP or LID key.
Fig. 7.17: Control panel of model 1-15

7.6.2 Display Error List in Models 2-16 and 1-15K

Up to 15 errors are stored in the error list. In case of more than 15 errors, the oldest
entry is overwritten.
Procedure:
Call display of software version (see 7.6.1).
Press the ‛Start‛ key 5 times and hold it when pressing it for the fifth time.
Description of the error list:
Error number Cycle status

Error Cycle
number state
Order of
errors
Fig. 7.18: Display of model 2-16

The time display indicates Fig.
the 7.19:
errorDisplay
number.of model 1-15K
Cycle
Error number status
Order of
errors
The lower speed scale indicates the order of errors (0 ≙ latest error, 14 ≙ oldest
error in 2-16 resp. 13 ≙ oldest error in 1-15K), and the upper speed scale shows the
ascertained cycle status in binary notation.
- By pressing the ‛Lid‛ or ‛Stop‛ key it is possible to select the different errors in the
list.
If "15" in 2-16 resp. "14" in 1-15K is selected, the upper speed scale shows the
current cycle status only.
Information concerning the binary notation of the cycles:

The lowest-order bit is on the right.
Logic: segment "on" corresponds to 1, segment "off" corresponds to 0.
Example: The upper scale (fig. 7.18) shows this binary value: 1000011.
The decimal value is calculated as follows:
1∗26 + 0 ∗ 25 + 0 ∗ 24 + 0 ∗ 23 + 0 ∗ 22 + 1 ∗ 21 + 1 ∗ 20 = 64 + 2 +1 = 67 cycles
i.e. after 67 cycles error no. 6 occured. This was the latest error as the lower scale
indicates "0".
7.6.3 Sensor Mode

In the sensor mode the status of the sensors and switches can be checked (see
7.6.3.1 – 7.6.3.4).
7.6.3.1 Digital Outputs and Inputs

Procedure:
Press the ‛Start‛ key twice and hold it when pressing it for the second time.
Representation of Sensors in Models 2-5, 1-15 and 1-6

(starting with software version 3.8)
(Segment "on" ≙ 1, Segment "off" ≙ 0)
 WRB (inverted rectifier ready).

1 = IR ready = relay K1 dropped out, lid closed, voltage at the
intermediate link
0 = IR not ready. Centrifuge cannot be started.
 MFR (speed monoflop)

1 = speed sensor pulse stored, 0= no speed sensor pulse stored
 Speed sensor signal
 Lid signal switch 1 (at X8 / X9)
 Lid signal switch 2 (at X4 / X5)
Lid state L.S. 1 L.S. 2

Lid open 1 1
Lid half-open/half-closed 0 0
Lid closed 0 1
 Relay lid/intermediate link

1 = relay closed , lid released, intermediate link without voltage.
0 = relay dropped out, lid not released, voltage at the
intermediate link
Checking of imbalance switch (option) with software version 3.9

The imbalance symbol appears in the sensor mode when operating the imbalance
switch.
Representation of Sensors in Model 1-15K
WRB signal (on = inverted rectifier ready)
Monoflop signal
Tacho generator signal
Refrigerator
Fan
Lid switch 1 (switch at X11 / X12)
Lid switch 2 (microswitch at X6 / X7)
Lid statusD.S. 1D.S. 2Lid open11Lid half-

open/half-closed00Lid closed01
(Segment "on" ≙ 1, segment "off" ≙ 0)
Imbalance sensor (not compensated)
Fig. 7.20: Scale of model 1-15K
Representation of Sensors in Model 2-16
WRB signal (on = inverted rectifier ready)
Monoflop signal
Rotor code generator signal
Tacho generator signal
Lid switch 1 (switch at X11 / X12)
Lid switch 2 (microswitch at X6 / X7)
Lid status D.S. 1 D.S. 2

Lid open 1 1
Lid half-open/half-closed 0 0
Lid closed 0 1
(Segment "on" ≙ 1, segment "off" ≙ 0)
Imbalance sensor (not compensated)
Fig. 7.21: Scale of model 2-16

7.6.3.2 Temperature Display

Procedure:
Press the ‛Start‛ key 3 times and hold it when pressing it for the third time.
In this mode the temperature compensation values can be determined. Temperature

compensation is deactivated and the odd actual values temperature (-9, -7,..., 1, 3)
are indicated by the blinking segment above them.
Example: The 10°C-segment is blinking: temperature = 9°C.
Moreover, the set value segment is blinking in this mode as long as the pre-selected
temperature is not reached. The set value segment blinks slower than the segment of
the odd actual value temperature.
By switching the centrifuge off and on again the sensor mode is left.
7.6.3.3 Temperature Sensor – Offset

In case of bigger differences between displayed temperature and measured sample
temperature a general temperature sensor offset (step 1°C, max. +/-5°C) can be
entered for compensation.
Entering the offset value:
Press the ‛Start‛ key 4 times and hold it when pressing it for the fourth time.
The temperature sensor offset is displayed by the number of segments above

(positive offset) resp. below (negative offset) the 0°C segment. The offset value is set
with the speed sensor.
The following figure shows a temperature sensor offset of +2°C:
By pressing any key the offset value is stored and the entering mode is left.
7.6.3.4 Deletion of complete EEPROM

ATTENTION: Temperature sensor offset, cycle list and error list are deleted!
To delete the EEPROM-data, proceed as follows:
Press the ‛Start‛ key 10 times and hold it when pressing it for the tenth time.
The sensor mode is left automatically.
Section 8: Retrofitting / General Remarks
RETROFITTING..........................................................................................................1
8.1 General Remarks...................................................................................................1
8.1.1 Ground Connection of Front Panel...................................................................1
8.1.2 Retrofitting of Power Board 1-6 and 1-15.........................................................1
8.1.3 Adjustment of the Motorized Lid Lock of Models

2-16KC and 3-18K.......................................................................................... 2
8.1.4 Adjustment of the Microswitch of the Motorized Lid Lock ................................4
8.2 Retrofitting which should, without exception, be carried out during the visit
of a service engineer (unless previously carried out) .................................7
8.2.1 Bridging the Temperature Switch ....................................................................7
8.2.2 Radio Interference Suppression using a Varistor.............................................9
8.2.3 Replacing the Brake Resistor...........................................................................9
8.2.4 Improvement of Reset Properties of Zent3.................................................... 12
8.2.5 Interference Suppression for the Centrifuges (Zent3) after Replacement of

the Power Board........................................................................................... 13
8.2.6 Separated Integration of the Connection Cables of Tachogenerator and Rotor

Identification..................................................................................................16
8.3 Retrofitting to be carried out if Technical Problems have occurred ............17
8.4 Retrofitting which should, without exception, be carried out during visit of a
service engineer when using diverse rotors (unless previously carried
out)...................................................................................................................23
8.4.1 Modification Motor Suspension...................................................................... 23

Rev. 01.04.2005
Retrofitting
8.1 General Remarks
8.1.1 Ground Connection of Front Panel
It is necessary to check that the ground connection to the front panel is in good
working order to prevent drifting of the microprocessor as a result of static
discharging. Otherwise a destruction of an IGBT module could occur as a result.
Therefore never operate the centrifuge without a proper ground connection to the
front panel!
8.1.2 Retrofitting of Power Board 1-6 and 1-15
Applicable for: Old power boards (70580, 70581) of models 1-6 and 1-15
Problem: Connection of the lid locks to the power board
Cause: The lid lock plugs on the power board were changed from one 6-
channel connection to two 4-channel connection.
Corrective Measures:
Connect the existing lid locks to the new power board using an
adapter plug (70751).
X2 Speed sensor
X3 Control board
X8 Power supply
X5 Lid lock
X6 Brake resistor
X7 Motor OLD VERSION
Power board 70580 (230 V) resp. 70581 (120 V)

Rev. 01.04.2005
X2 Speed sensor
X4 + X5 free
X1 free X3 Control board
Adapter plug (70751)
X5 Lid locks
X8 Power supply
X7 Motor X6 Brake resistor
NEW VERSION
Power board 70580 (230 V) resp. 70581 (120 V)
8.1.3 Adjustment of the Motorized Lid Lock of Models

2-16KC and 3-18K
Applicable for: Models 2-16KC and 3-18K
Problem: Motorized lid lock (part no. 70811) closes tightly
Cause: The lid hook is not aligned vertically to the lower side of the lid.
Adjust the lid lock again.
- Open lid, power switch OFF, remove the front panel (see 5.1.4)
- Remove the lid hook using a 17er socket wrench
- Remove lacquer residues in the cut-out, if necessary
- Align the hook vertically to the lower side of the lid. Replace the hook disc with
the modified one (part no. 25694).
- Loosen the two screws of the lid lock from above (see fig. 8.1.2) and fasten
them so tight again that adjustment is possible.
- For adjustment, press down the lid on the threaded spindle of the lid lock.

Rev. 01.04.2005
- Align the lock in a way that its threaded spindle is gripping in the thread of the
hook without canting.
- Put the socket for emergency lid release through the boring provided for this
release (see fig. 8.1.3)
- If the socket is gripping smoothly into the hexagon socket, open the lid and
tighten the screws of the lid. Otherwise, adjust again.
Side view with opened lid Top view with opened lid
Fig. 8.1.1: vertical position of the hook to the lower side of the lid
Fig 8.1.2: Fastening screws of lid lock Fig. 8.1.3: Socket for emergency lid release
Notice
All moving parts of the lid lock (see fig.
8.1.4) and the inside thread of the hook
should be cleaned and greased
regularly every month.
Parts to be greased
Fig. 8.1.4: Motor of lid lock

Rev. 01.04.2005
8.1.4 Adjustment of the Microswitch of the Motorized Lid Lock
Applicable for: Models 2-16KC, 3-18 and 3-18K
Functional Characteristics:
Identification "Lid open":
When the lid is open, the lid switches S02, S03, S04 and S05 are not active. There is
no voltage impressed to the power electronics. The optocoupler U8 does not have
voltage at its input and signalizes to the control board that the lid is open. The switch
S06 is active.
Lid Closing:
When closing the lid, it contacts the motorized lid lock. The lock shuts down the lid.
The switch S06 opens and signalizes to the control board that the process "Lid
closing" has begun. Before the lid is closed completely, the switches S02 and S03 are
activated. This impresses voltage to the intermediate circuit of the power board. The
control board gets the signal "Voltage impressed to the Power Board" via optocoupler
U8. After further closing, the switch S05 is activated and signalizes "Lid is closed".
After that, the switch S05 is activated and interrupts the circuit of the lid motor. The
centrifuge can be started.
The control board monitors the closing time of the lid via the switches S06 and S05. If
the time limit is exceeded, error message "ERROR 78" occurs and the lid re-opens.
During state "Lid closed" the plausibility of the switches S02, S03, S05 and S06 are
checked. When one of these switches is activated falsely, error message "ERROR 78"
is shown.
Lid Opening:
The models 2-16KC, 3-18 and 3-18K have following electronical safety devices that
control opening of the lid.
The microcontroller monitors the closing time of the lid via the switches S05 and S06.
If the time limit is exceeded, error message "ERROR 83" occurs.
When opening is completed correctly, the plausibility of the states of switches S02,
S03 and S05 are checked. In case of malfunction, "ERROR 83" is displayed.

Rev. 01.04.2005
Problem: Lid does not open after pressing the lid key
ERROR 78, ERROR 83
Cause: The hook is not aligned correctly and not screwed in deep enough. S04
switches before S05. "ERROR 78" is shown.
The hook is not aligned correctly and screwed in too deep. The closing force is
too high. S04 does not switch. Thus, the motor does not switch off and
the PTC-resistor overheats. The lid lock motor loses power.
The operating plate does not operate microswitch S04. Thus, the motor does
not switch off and the PTC-resistor overheats. The lid lock motor loses
power.
Overheating of the PTC-resistor caused by stiff threaded spindle in the lid hook.
The lid lock motor loses power.
Overheating of the PTC-resistor caused by frequent consecutive operation of

the lid lock. The lid lock motor loses power.
Requirements for Adjustment:
Mechanical adjustment of the motorized lid lock, see 8.1.3
Smooth running of the threaded spindle in the hook. If necessary, grease the
thread.
In case of erosion at the hook and threaded spindle, exchange the hook and the
lid lock.
Adjust the hook. The operating plate must operate the microswitch S04 when
the lid is closed.

Rev. 01.04.2005
Operating plate
PTC
Fig. 8.1.5 Lid lock microswitch

Rev. 01.04.2005
8.2 Retrofitting which should, without exception, be carried out during

the visit of a service engineer (unless previously carried out)
8.2.1 Bridging the Temperature Switch
Applicable for: 3K30, 4-15, 4K15, 6-15 and 6K15 up to serial No. 61466
Problem: Failure of IGBT module (8 Ampère) on the Power board 70417

(power supply unit 70551 and 70568)
Cause: Overheating
- Connect adapter "Wiring of fan, article No. 70646" to the AC
voltage side of the rectifier according to the wiring diagram (see
Fig. 8.1).
- Connect fans "Electronics" and "Motor" to the adapter plug. The

fans will now always operate when the lid is closed.

Rev. 01.04.2005
R58
Fig. 8.1
The temperature switch (see Fig. 8.2) is now no longer in use.
Temperature switch
Fig. 8.2: Position of temperature switch on the cooling plate of the power board

Rev. 01.04.2005
8.2.2 Radio Interference Suppression using a Varistor
Applicable for: 3K30, 4K15 and 6K15 up to serial No. 61466
Problem: Malfunctioning after bridging the temperature switch
Cause: In refrigerated centrifuges, the fan in the top of the housing starts up
at the same time as the fan for the compressor.
Corrective measure:
Radio interference suppression of fan for compressor by means of
a varistor (solder on across the fan plug, see Fig. 8.3)
Varistor
Fig. 8.3: Position of fan plug with additional varistor
8.2.3
Replacing the Brake Resistor
Applicable for: 4-15 and 6-15 up to serial No. 61698
• Necessary when upgrading to software versions 1.15 or higher

or when using the rotor 6 x 500 ml (rotor no. 12500) in 6-15
resp. when using the rotor 6 x 250 ml (rotor no. 12256) in 4-15.
Problem: Overheating of brake resistor

Rev. 01.04.2005
Cause: High braking energy of large rotor respectively faster braking to

achieve shorter braking times starting with software version 1.15
Corrective measure:
Replace brake resistor at plug X2 on the power board using the
retrofit kit (Order No. 70659) with two brake resistors (see diagram).
The existing hole can be used to fasten the new brake resistors of
the retrofit kit. Position: right hand side in the back of the centrifuge
at the gas pressure damper fastening.
Fig. 8.4: Brake resistors with fastening plate

Rev. 01.04.2005
Applicable for: 4K15 and 6K15 up to serial No. 61698
• Necessary when upgrading to software versions 1.15 or higher

or when using the rotor 6 x 500 ml (rotor no. 12500) in 6K15
resp. when using the rotor 6 x 250 ml (rotor no. 12256) in 4K15.
Problem: Overheating of brake resistor
Cause: High braking energy of large rotor respectively faster braking to

achieve shorter braking times starting with software version 1.15
Corrective measure:
Replace brake resistor at plug X2 on the power board using the
retrofit kit (Order No. 70652) with two brake resistors (see diagram).
The existing holes in the chamber can be used to fasten the new
brake resistors of the retrofit kit.
Fig. 8.5: Brake resistors

Rev. 01.04.2005
8.2.4 Improvement of Reset Properties of Zent3

Modification of the Zent3 Processor Board – Modification No. 98118
Attention: From board no. G25910-J0013-C001-05 this modification is already
existent. Position: At the front side between buzzer and EPROM.
 Connection between the outer soldering point of J19 and the Pin5 of U5
(7702AC) which is best accessible via the soldering point near the processor
U4.
 Connection between soldering point J20 which is nearer to the fastening screw
and Pin6 of U5.
This modification has to be indicated by a sticker on the power board “Modification

98118 processed“.
These two connections are reducing the influence of trouble signals when switching
the centrifuge on/off or in case of voltage drops.

Rev. 01.04.2005
8.2.5 Interference Suppression for the Centrifuges (Zent3) after

Replacement of the Power Board
Applicable for: 3K30, 4-15, 4K15, 6-15 and 6K15 up to serial no. 66420
Problem: Error 24 and 25
Cause: Electromagnetic radiation inside the unit
Corrective measure:
Interference suppression with interference suppression kit
part no. 70661
1. Careful grounding connection of all metallic casing parts –

especially front and back panel – and of the central grounding
point.
2. Connect the motor casing metallically to the centrifuge casing

using the ground strap. Remove the lacquer before! (Central
grounding point at the back of the casing.)
Ground strap of the motor casing
4-15, 4K15, 6-15, 6K15

Ground connection of Central
the voltage regulator's grounding point
heat sink

Rev. 01.04.2005
3K30 Motor power cable

Ground connection
Motor power cable
3K30
3. Connect heat sink of voltage regulator N4 on the power board

to the centrifuge casing using a ground connection (central
grounding point at the back of the casing).
Ground strap of the motor casing
Ground connection of Central

the voltage regulator's grounding point
heat sink

Rev. 01.04.2005
4. Add a ferrite bead near each plug of the 50-channel

connection between power board and control board.
(CAUTION: Do not crush any conductor!)
5. Add a ferrite bead near the plug of the motor power cable.

Rev. 01.04.2005
6. Add a ferrite bead near the plug of the brake resistor

connection.
8.2.6 Separated Integration of the Connection Cables of Tachogenerator

and Rotor Identification
Applicable for: Centrifuges with Zent2 and Zent3 control that are produced
before September 2001
Problem: The connection cables of the tachogenerator and the rotor

identification could tear out the complete wiring of the control
board.
Cause: This connection cable is integrated in the complete wiring of the

control board.
Corrective measure:
The cable lines “1” and “2” – as marked in the figures below –
must be laid separately. The cable line “1” contains the
connection cables of the tachogenerator and the rotor
identification.
1
1
2 2

Rev. 01.04.2005
8.3 Retrofitting to be carried out if Technical Problems have occurred

(please also refer to the diagrams on the following pages!)
Problem For Cause Corrective measure
Run time and cycle data Zent3 Changes in the type (to be Write down important data prior
were erased after (3K30, distinguished from version) of to replacing the EPROM /
EPROM was replaced 4-15, software can erase data in the changing the software type
or software was altered. 4K15, EEPROM such as run time, (e.g.. adhesive label in the
6-15, cycles, etc. when replacing an centrifuge)
6K15) EPROM. This is not a software
error.
Software type
Acceleration is 3K18 Resistor R57 (0,068Ω) on Insert a resistor 0,18Ω 4W in

interrupted when using power board is too large parallel (position R58) in order
large angle rotors to achieve a total resistance of
(12150, 12156); 0,050Ω (see fig. 8.1).
Overcurrent fault
New housing cannot be 1-6 and Changes in the design of the Fasten housing by means of
fitted to centrifuge 1-15 up housing angle brackets on the front left
to serial and right hand side (Spare part
No. No. 24612 and 24613), see Fig.
61429 8.6
Damage to motor 1K15 Motor is subject to increased Install motor of different design
(corrosion, noise when wear and tear when operated with heating to prevent water
running, etc.) in under high humidity condensation and appropriate
installation sites and EPROM (with control of motor
areas with high humidity heating)
If the motor does not yet show
signs of damaging, it may be
sufficient to replace the EPROM
only. However, it is not possible
to achieve the full effect of motor
heating using the old motor.
ERROR 25 (switching 6K15 Resistor on power board is Solder in a wire resistance of

off because of missing between 0.22 and 0.33Ω (4W)
overcurrent) during the parallel to R57 and R58
first run when centrifuge
is still cold
Display gets dark for a Zent3 Interference pulses from the fan Solder in RC combination (No.
short period when (3K30, of the power electronics 220120) across the plug of the
closing the lid. It is 4-15, fan for the electronics at the
possible that data of 4K15, soldering points on the back of
program are erased. 6-15, the power board (see Fig. 8.8)
6K15)

Rev. 01.04.2005
Problem For Cause Corrective measure

Liquid crystal display is Zent3 Malfunction of EEPROM Erase data stored in the
dark / does not work EEPROM with code 111 (see
7.5.2).
ERROR 42 occurs after Zent3 The build up of the display Upgrade with new EPROM with
dialogue “Cut / permit Up to blocks the hardware test. software version 1.16
curve” software
version
If ‘Start‘ and ‘Stop‘ are 1.15 Software related causes
pressed alternatively (3K30,
very quickly, the 4-15,
centrifuge accelerates 4K15,
up to its nominal speed; 6-15,
Pressing ‚Stop‘ does not 6K15)
prevent this from
happening any more.
Damage to motor 4-15, Motor is subject to increased Installation of an bearing
(corrosion, noise when 4K15, wear and tear when operated protection disc on the upper
running, etc.) in 6-15, under high humidity bearing flange of the motor (Part
installation sites and 6K15 No. 24752, see Fig. 8.9.1 and
areas with high humidity 8.9.2). Grease the upper bearing
before.
Error 25 3K30, IC D1 and D2 are of type HCT Check power boards 70551 and
Relay K4 of the power 4-15, instead of HC (see Fig. 8.10) 70568. If the IC of type HCT is
board switches with 4K15, existent, exchange for type HC
"click"-sounds 6-15, (only possible with SMD
6K15 with soldering equipment). Otherwise,
power send to Sigma for exchange.
board From January 1999 this
Part No. modification is already carried
70551 out.
and
70568
Does not stop after the 1-6, Malfunction during preselection Solder a ceramic capacitor 0,1μF
preselected time and 1-15, of time (part no. 210012) on speed
starts again 2-5 potentiometer (see fig. 8.6). For
interference suppression of the
analog output for speed
preselection.

Rev. 01.04.2005
Speed
potentiometer
Fig. 8.6: Ceramic capacitor soldered on speed potentiometer
Fig. 8.7: Model 1-15 with angle bracket

Rev. 01.04.2005
RC
combination
Fig. 8.8: Fan plug with RC combination
Fig. 8.9.1: Motor with mounted collet chuck

Rev. 01.04.2005
Fig. 8.9.2: Motor without collect chuck with visible upper bearing protection disc

Rev. 01.04.2005
Fig. 8.10: Component diagram power board with position of D1 and D2

Rev. 01.04.2005
8.4 Retrofitting which should, without exception, be carried out during

visit of a service engineer when using diverse rotors (unless
previously carried out)
8.4.1 Modification Motor Suspension

Applicable for: Sigma 2-5 up to serial no. 73021 (standard from no. 73022)
Problem: Bad running when using microtiter rotor part no. 11121
Cause: Adverse center of gravity
Corrective measures: Installation of "Modification kit motor suspension",

part no. 80204
Fig. 8.11: Modification kit motor suspension
Fig. 8.12: Before modification Fig. 8.13: After modification

Rev. 01.04.2005
Section 9: Electrical Documents
9 ELECTRICAL DOCUMENTS
9.1 Electrical Documents 1-13, 1-6, 1-15, 1-15K, 1K15, Microfuge R, 2-3, 2-4, 2-5
and 2-16
9.2 Electrical Documents 2-15 and 2K15
9.3 Electrical Documents 3-15, 3K15 and 3K18
9.4 Electrical Documents 3K30, 4-15 and 4K15
9.6 Electrical Documents 8K10
9.7 Electrical Documents GS-15 and GS-15R

Rev. 19.03.2003
9 ELECTRICAL DOCUMENTS
9.1 Electrical Documents 1-13, 1-6, 1-15, 1-15K, 1K15, Microfuge R,

2-3, 2-4, 2-5 and 2-16
Circuit diagram mains power supply 1-13, Microfuge Lite, 2-3, 2-4
100V – 230 V 24755
Circuit diagram mains power supply 1-6, 1-15, Microfuge 18

100V – 230V 24532
Circuit diagram mains power supply 1-6 (from construction year 2000), 1-15 (from serial
no. 71140), 2-5, Microfuge 18 (from serial no. MFA99J01)
100V – 230V 24798
Circuit diagram mains power supply 2-16 (Zent3) 100V – 230V 24851
Circuit diagram mains power supply 2-16 (Zent4) 100V – 230V 25576
Block diagram 2-16 (Zent4) 230V 10145
Circuit diagram mains power supply 1-15K (Zent3) 120V – 230V 24852
Circuit diagram mains power supply 1-15K (Zent3) 100V 24853
Circuit diagram mains power supply 1-15K (Zent4) 120V 25584 Page 1
Circuit diagram mains power supply 1-15K (Zent4) 120V 25584 Page 2
Block diagram 1-15K (Zent4) 230V 10148
Circuit diagram mains power supply 1K15, Microfuge R

100V – 120V 24192 Page 1

100V – 120V 24192 Page 2

230V 24162 Page 1

230V 24162 Page 2
Rev. 19.03.2003
Circuit diagram mains power supply 1K15

100V SM0069
Circuit diagram mains power supply 1K15, new version

100V SM0071
Mains switch prewired 1K15, 1-6 70591
Cable harness 1K15, Microfuge R 70504 Page 3
Autotransformer 920VA 1K15, Microfuge R 100V 110-120V 70511
Speed generator 1K15, Microfuge R 70420

Rev. 19.03.2003
Circuit diagram mains power supply 2K15 230V 24188 Page 1
Circuit diagram mains power supply 2K15, PFC 230V 25161 Page 1
Circuit diagram mains power supply 2K15, PFC 230V 25161 Page 2
Circuit diagram mains power supply 2-15 230V 24190 Page 1
Circuit diagram mains power supply 2-16K 230V 25580
Circuit diagram mains power supply 2-16K 120V 25581
Circuit diagram mains power supply 2-16KC 230V 25582 Page 1

Rev. 07.03.2001
9.3 Electrical Documents 3-15, 3K15 and 3K18
Circuit diagram mains power supply 3-15, 3K15 230V 24150 Page 1
Terminal box mains power supply GS15R, 3K15 100V 70545
Circuit diagram mains power supply 3-16, 3-16K 230V 25577 Page 1
Block diagram 3-16 230V 10270
Block diagram 3-16K 230V 10280
Circuit diagram mains power supply 3-18K 230V 25572 Page 1

Rev. 19.03.2003

Rev. 19.03.2003
9.4 Electrical Documents 3K30, 4-15 and 4K15
Circuit diagram mains power supply 4-15 230V – 120V 24605 Page 1
Circuit diagram mains power supply 4K15, 3K30z 230V 24604 Page 1
Circuit diagram mains power supply 4K15, 3K30z 230V 24604 Page 2
Circuit diagram mains power supply 4K15, 3K30z with heating

230V 24667 Page 1
Circuit diagram mains power supply 4K15, 3K30z with heating

230V 24667 Page 2
Motor D71 B/2 s 4-15 - 6K15 70483 Page 1
Terminal box back panel 4K15 70486 Page 1
Terminal box back panel 4K15 70489 Page 2
Terminal box back panel 4-15, 6-15 70573 Page 2
Terminal box back panel4-15 70534 Page 2
Plug for fans 3K30, 4K15, 6K15 70548 Page 1
Wiring diagram for fans 3K30, 4K15, 6K15 SM0081 Page 1
Plug for fan 4-15, 6-15 70561 Page 1

Rev. 19.03.2003
Circuit diagram mains power supply 6-15 with heating 230V 24742 Page 1
Circuit diagram mains power supply 6-15 with heating 230V 24742 Page 2

Rev. 19.03.2003
9.6 Electrical Documents 8K10
Mains power supply 8K10 23635 Page 1
Mains power supply for control of relay 8K10 23635 Page 2
Mains power supply for control of lid 8K10 23635 Page 3
Mains power supply 8K10 SM0070 Page 1
Wiring of lid 8K10 70437 Page 1

Rev. 19.03.2003
9.7 Electrical Documents GS-15 and GS-15R
Circuit diagram mains power supply Beckman GS15-R, GS-15

100V 24203 Page 1
Circuit diagram mains power supply GS-15, GS-15R

100V 24203 Page 2
Circuit diagram mains power supply Beckman GS-15R, GS-15

120V/UL 23687 Page 1

120V/UL 23687 Page 2
Circuit diagram mains power supply Beckman GS-15R, GS-15

230V 24161 Page 1

230V 24161 Page 2
Terminal box mains power supply GS-15R, 3K15

100V 70545 Page 1

Rev. 19.03.2003

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Service Manual for Centrifuges

1 General Safety Instructions / Norms

2 Technical Data of Product Range

3 Maintenance and Inspection Schedule

1 Error Messages / Malfunction

4 Sensors, Service Mode and Adjustments

5 Retrofitting / General Remarks

1 GENERAL SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS / NORMS.....................................................2

1.1 Safety Instructions..................................................................................................2

2 TECHNICAL DATA OF PRODUCT RANGE............................................................2

Issue 09/98 Section 1

1...............................General Safety Instructions / Norms

Please observe the safety instructions as described in the

2 Technical Data of Product Range

Issue 09/98 Section 1

3 MAINTENANCE & INSPECTION SCHEDULE........................................................ 1

3.2 Annual Maintenance & Inspection..................................................................................................................1

3.3 Examination of Dismantled Centrifuge Every Three Years ........................................................................1

3.4 Maintenance checklist.......................................................................................................................................2

3.5 Defect Report of Returned Parts..................................................................................................................... 4

3.6 Declaration of Decontamination / Return Declaration..................................................................................5

Issue 09/98 Section 3

3.................................Maintenance & Inspection Schedule

3.2 Annual Maintenance & Inspection

Centrifuges operated in Germany are subject to the accident prevention regulations

3.3 Examination of Dismantled Centrifuge Every Three Years

Issue 09/98 Section 3 Page 1

3.4 Maintenance checklist

Check the oil film of GI-metals and add silicon

Auxiliary units Check grey wedge and light barrier

Coupling of drive and rotor

Carry out test run

Issue 09/98 Section 3 Page 3

Service Information Laboratory Centrifuges Service Information Laboratory Centrifuges

Centrifuge:________ Serial No.:___________ Centrifuge:________ Serial No.: ___________

Centrifuge:________ Serial No.:___________ Centrifuge:________ Serial No.: ___________

Centrifuge:________ Serial No.:___________ Centrifuge:________ Serial No.: ___________

Unit / component contaminated :

Unit / component unused (new) :

Repair Order dtd. :

Type of unit : Serial No. :

Is the equipment free from harmful substances? YES Ο NO Ο

Name of the substances :

Remarks (e.g. to be touched with gloves only) :___________________________________________

General characteristics of the substances :

In combination with which substances may hazardous mixtures develop?

Has the equipment been cleaned before shipment? YES Ο NO Ο

Is the equipment decontaminated and not harmful to health? YES Ο NO Ο

Legally Binding Declaration

4 ERROR MESSAGES / MALFUNCTIONS.................................................................1

4.1.2 ERROR List Zent3..................................................................................................................... 6

4.1.4 Error List Centrifuge 1-14........................................................................................................ 10

4.1.5 ERROR List Zent4................................................................................................................... 12

4.2.2 Sporadic error -Imbalance-...................................................................................................... 13

Issue 09/98 Section 4

4 Error Messages / Malfunctions

4.1.1 ERROR List Zent1 / Zent2

3 • • Internal RAM faulty

4 • • External RAM faulty

5 • • Wrong checksum of EPROM

6 • • Processor communication faulty

9 • • SW recognises non-permissible operating Replace EPROM / replace microcontroller board

11 • • CPU test of motor microcontroller indicates fault

12 • • Stack overflow in motor microcontroller

Centrifuge:__ Serial No.:_ Centrifuge: Serial No.: _______

Centrifuge:__ Serial No.:_ Centrifuge: Serial No.: _______

Centrifuge:__ Serial No.:_ Centrifuge: Serial No.: _______