Daylighting Guide Presentation

DAYLIGH
HTING GUID
DE FOR TH
HE COMME
ERCIAL OF
FFICE
WHO ARE THE PLAYERS?
SPONSOR
Advanced Energy Office

FFICE
ERCIAL OF
COLLABORATORS
HE COMME
New Buildings Institute

Dave Hewitt
Amy Cortese
Barb Hamilton
DE FOR TH
IA | Interior Architects
Nancy Heywood
Kim Parsley
Elsa Allen
HTING GUID
Brian van Stipdonk
University of Washington – Integrated Design Lab

Christopher Meek
DAYLIGH
PROJECT GOALS
TARGETS
Provide resources to communicate how the design of an

office interior provides substantial opportunity to use daylight.
FFICE
Educate designers and occupants on benefits of buildings

ERCIAL OF
illuminated with daylight:
 Healthier and higher quality interior environments

 Increased individual productivity
HE COMME
 Increased human comfort

 Mental and visual stimulation
DE FOR TH
HTING GUID
DAYLIGH
LAYOUT OF THE GUIDE
Steps to accomplishing
specific
ifi topic
t i within
ithi the
th guide
id
DE FOR TH
HTING GUID
DAYLIGH FFICE
ERCIAL OF
HE COMME
LAYOUT OF THE GUIDE
Facts, Tips, and Glossary
 Did you know a mid-day overcast

summer sky provides a range of
FFICE
2200 to 6400 footcandles?

ERCIAL OF
 Footcandles are a unit of

measurement for calculating
adequate lighting levels.
HTING GUID
DAYLIGH HE COMME
DE FOR TH
LAYOUT OF THE GUIDE
Resources
 Helpful websites linked in the

electronic document and tips for
FFICE
searching the web from the hard

copy
DE FOR TH
HTING GUID
DAYLIGH ERCIAL OF
HE COMME
LAYOUT OF THE GUIDE
Resources
 Tips for searching the website

DE FOR TH
HTING GUID
DAYLIGH FFICE
ERCIAL OF
HE COMME
LAYOUT OF THE GUIDE
Resources
 Tips for searching the website

DE FOR TH
HTING GUID
DAYLIGH FFICE
ERCIAL OF
HE COMME
PROGRAMMING
 Visit the building site to evaluate:

 View
Vi opportunities
t iti
 Potential glare from
adjacent buildings
FFICE
 Shading from adjacent

buildings
ERCIAL OF
 Visual privacy
 Determine daylighting and view

criteria for each program element
 Is daylight even desired?
HE COMME
 How critical is glare control

and direct sun?
 What are the maximum light
levels required?
DE FOR TH
HTING GUID
DAYLIGH
PROGRAMMING
 Diagram the daylighting and view

opportunities
t iti on the
th floor
fl plan
l
DE FOR TH
HTING GUID
DAYLIGH FFICE
ERCIAL OF
HE COMME
SPACE PLANNING
 Align programming criteria with

mostt desirable
d i bl llocation
ti on th the
plan.
 Locate open office areas
FFICE
within 18’ – 20’ of the

perimeter glazing
ERCIAL OF
 Position private offices

where low angle direct sun
may otherwise be
problematic
HTING GUID
DAYLIGH HE COMME
DE FOR TH
WINDOW COVERING DESIGN
 Select appropriate window

coverings
i t diffuse
to diff light
li ht
 Remember potential for sunlight

FFICE
glare off of adjacent buildings

ERCIAL OF
 Consider the need for visual

privacy from neighboring buildings
HTING GUID
DAYLIGH HE COMME
DE FOR TH
WORKSTATION PANEL DESIGN
 Plan for open office workstation

panels
l no hihigher
h ththan 42” where
h
parallel to perimeter windows
FFICE
 Higher panels can be located

perpendicular to path of daylight
ERCIAL OF
 Minimize glare on computer

screens but suggesting users
orient perpendicular to windows
HTING GUID
DAYLIGH HE COMME
DE FOR TH
INTERIOR SURFACE FINISHES
 Choose interior finishes that will

supportt the
th maximum
i efficiency
ffi i off
lighting
FFICE
 Early decisions on Light

Reflectance Values of finishes are
ERCIAL OF
important in appropriate planning

of electric light levels
 If windows are an obvious bright

spot in an interior environment,
HE COMME
the rest of the space will be

perceived as dark
DE FOR TH
HTING GUID
DAYLIGH
LIGHTING AND CONTROLS
 Integrate a lighting control system

i t the
into th space:
 What are the desired,
maintained light levels in
FFICE
each space?
 What will the transitions
ERCIAL OF
between light levels feel

like?
 Will other light sources
interfere with the photocell
to control a particular zone?
HTING GUID
DAYLIGH HE COMME
DE FOR TH
LIGHTING AND CONTROLS
 Offices and Retail spaces utilize

th mostt substantial
the b t ti l amounts t off
lighting energy over all building
types
FFICE
 By incorporating optimal daylight

ERCIAL OF
strategies, an office’s total energy

costs can be reduced by one third
 Utilities offer financial rebates for

efficient lighting plans and
HE COMME
maximized use of occupancy &

vacancy sensors
 User education and acceptance is

critical in maintaining the
DE FOR TH
proposed lighting controls long

term
HTING GUID
DAYLIGH
CHECKLIST
 Critical relationships to remember:
 The sky as a light source

FFICE
 Massing and orientation of a

building (or space within a
ERCIAL OF
building)
 Depth of the floor plate
 Windowcoverings
HE COMME
 Interior surface finishes
 Interior furnishings
DE FOR TH
 Orientation of the occupant

in their workspace
HTING GUID
DAYLIGH
CASE STUDY – IA NEW YORK
MMING
8th floor downtown New York
City
PROGRAM
 Northern & Western exposures
FFICE
 No adjacent buildings to the
NNING
North
SPACE PLAN
ERCIAL OF
 Neighboring building across the

street to the West
ERING
HE COMME
WINDOW COVE
DESIGN
DE FOR TH
WORKSTATIONN
PANEL DESIGN
N
HTING GUID
INTERIOR SURFACE
E
FINISHES
DAYLIGH
LIGHTING CONTROLS
ELECTRICAL
Designed by IA Interior Architects

View to park below
MMING
 Daylight important to areas where
PROGRAM
staff
t ff spend
d mostt off their
th i day
d – N adjacent
No dj tbbuildings
ildi
Open Office
FFICE
EAST
 Direct sun on computer screens
NNING
or worksurfaces was not desirable
SPACE PLAN
ERCIAL OF
 Desk “benching” layout without

workstation panels supports
daylighting programming
ERING
HE COMME
WINDOW COVE
DESIGN
 Primary visual field (computer
screens) oriented perpendicular to NORTH
Western sun entering space
No adjacent bldgs
DE FOR TH
thi h
this height
i ht
WORKSTATIONN
PANEL DESIGN
N
HTING GUID
INTERIOR SURFACE
E
FINISHES
WEST
DAYLIGH
LIGHTING CONTROLS
Building across street is a

few stories higher
ELECTRICAL

MMING
 Window shades selected to
PROGRAM
maintain
i t i view
i outside
t id when
h
shades are down
FFICE
 Shades have 5% openness factor
NNING
ERCIAL OF
SPACE PLAN
 Shades installed on all North side
windows
A B
 Create privacy in
evening/late afternoon in
WINDOW COVERING
HE COMME
Winter
DESIGN
 Minimize glare off of
adjacent buildings during
day
DE FOR TH
WORKSTATIONN
PANEL DESIGN
N
 Shades installed on all West side

windows
HTING GUID
INTERIOR SURFACE
E
FINISHES
DAYLIGH
LIGHTING CONTROLS
ELECTRICAL

A Western exposure windows. No direct B Computer screens perpendicular to
sun on work surfaces. Shades up. daylight distribution. Shades partially down
MMING
 Light interior finishes, those with Ceiling: 80% LRV
PROGRAM
hi h Li
high Light
ht R
Reflectance
fl t V
Values,
l
maximize the efficiency of lighting Walls: 85% LRV
(daylight and electric) throughout
FFICE
the space Work Surfaces: 85% LRV
NNING
SPACE PLAN
ERCIAL OF
 Power of the sun is maximized to

Floor: 10% LRV
light the space
 98” high windows & high light
ERING
reflectance values on finishes
HE COMME
WINDOW COVE
bounce daylight far into the space
DESIGN
 Windows don’t appear as bright
spots when the brightness of the
adjacent space is balanced
DE FOR TH
WORKSTATIONN
PANEL DESIGN
N
HTING GUID
INTERIOR SURFACE
E
FINISHES
DAYLIGH
LIGHTING CONTROLS
ELECTRICAL
Balanced brightness at Electric lighting is used to compliment daylight and balance

exterior windows brightness throughout the space
CASE STUDY – SEATTLE HQ
MMING
 The lowest, 48” high, workstation
PROGRAM
panels are oriented perpendicular
to daylight distribution 7’-0” high
FFICE
 62” high panels create a spine for 62” high
NNING
greater visual privacy & more
SPACE PLAN
ERCIAL OF
surface area for markerboard and

tack 48” high
 Ceiling height panels always
ERING
HE COMME
WINDOW COVE
maintain a clear glass “clerestory”
“ ”
DESIGN
above 7’-0”
 Still allows some daylight
into the space
DE FOR TH
WORKSTATIONN
PANEL DESIGN
N
HTING GUID
INTERIOR SURFACE
FINISHES
DAYLIGH
LIGHTING CONTROLS
ELECTRICAL

Staff with less need for privacy maximize shared daylight and views
MMING
 Ceiling mounted fixtures
PROGRAM
minimized
 Continuous dimming in
Zone A Zone B
daylighting zone
FFICE
NNING
 User-controlled
User controlled task lights
SPACE PLAN
ERCIAL OF
maximized Zone D Zone C
 Maximized energy efficiency

 Occupancy sensors integral
ERING
HE COMME
WINDOW COVE
to task light = rebate from
DESIGN
Lighting Control Zone – Continuous Dimming Daylight Controls
local utility Lighting Control Zone –Daylight Zone with Photocell, Continuous Dimming, Manual
Switch On, Vacancy Sensor Off
 Light only where needed =
Task Lighting with Occupancy Sensor
rebate from local utility
Lighting Control Zones Per Program Requirements
 Vacancy sensors in
DE FOR TH
WORKSTATIONN
PANEL DESIGN
N
conference rooms & offices Work Station: 30-50FC

Occupant can control task
light at work station,
accommodating various tasks
and personal preferences.
HTING GUID
INTERIOR SURFACE
E
Open Office Pathway: 10-15FC

FINISHES
Light distribution on floor,

walls, and ceiling create the
perception of a well-lit space.
DAYLIGH
C
Common C
Corridors:
id 10
10-25FC
25FC
LIGHTING CONTROLS
ELECTRICAL
Central pathway requires

minimal light, but wall
washers at markerboards and
accent lighting create interest.
Lighting
MMING
 Occupant education controls
PROGRAM
 Lighting scene controls
 Fixtures dimming in daylight
zone
FFICE
 After hours overrides
NNING
SPACE PLAN
ERCIAL OF
 Give purpose to design

 Cost savings (lower utilities)
 Minimize CO2 emissions
ERING
 User control
HE COMME
WINDOW COVE
 Energy conservation
DESIGN
After Hours
Occupancy
overrides
DE FOR TH
WORKSTATIONN
PANEL DESIGN
N
sensors on
task lights
HTING GUID
INTERIOR SURFACE
E
FINISHES
DAYLIGH
LIGHTING CONTROLS
ELECTRICAL

CASE STUDY – HERMAN MILLER
MMING
 Use of skylights key to creating
PROGRAM
pleasant
l t work
k environment
i t
 Toplighting tends to provide the

FFICE
most effective daylight

performance, since it typically
NNING
g
avoids the direct sunlight
SPACE PLAN
ERCIAL OF
associated with perimeter

windows
 Electric lighting design
VERING
compliments the toplighting layout
HE COMME
to maximize daylight opportunities
WINDOW COV
DESIGN
N
Skylights
Light Fixtures
Not In Contract
DE FOR TH
ON
GN
WORKSTATIO
PANEL DESIG
HTING GUID
INTERIOR SURFAACE
FINISHES LS
DAYLIGH
LIGHTING CONTROL
ELECTRICAL

MMING
 Depth of floor plate challenging;
PROGRAM
Use of skylights was critical in
providing cues to the outdoors
FFICE
 Main Street planning concept
NNING
SPACE PLAN
ERCIAL OF
195’-7”
 Hubs of activity along Main Street
ERING
HE COMME
Main Street
WINDOW COVE
DESIGN
Landmarks
Destinations
Nodes
Circulation
Not In Contract
DE FOR TH
WORKSTATIONN
PANEL DESIGN
N
HTING GUID
INTERIOR SURFACE
E
FINISHES
DAYLIGH
LIGHTING CONTROLS
ELECTRICAL

 Herman Miller conducted
MMING
employee surveys post
PROGRAM
occupancy.
Overall 88% say that the changes
made were positive
FFICE
NNING
 90% say that the changes to
SPACE PLAN
ERCIAL OF
their physical environment

allow them to get their work
done more effectively, a 17%
increase.
 There was a 32% improvement
ERING
HE COMME
i employee
in l retention.
t ti
WINDOW COVE
 92% say that the office’s DESIGN
physical environment positively

affects their job satisfaction, a
rise of 30%.
DE FOR TH
WORKSTATIONN
PANEL DESIGN
N
 There was a 67% improvement

in the overall satisfaction of
individual workstations.
 84% of employees
HTING GUID
p y felt that the

INTERIOR SURFACE
E
new office was a quality work

FINISHES
environment, as opposed to
31% in the prior space.
DAYLIGH
LIGHTING CONTROLS
ELECTRICAL

CASE STUDY – EXPEDIA HQ
NORTH
MMING
 Daylight and views important to
PROGRAM
staff in open office
Building across street
is a few stories higher
 Office occupants are not in offices
FFICE
all day long
NNING
SPACE PLAN
ERCIAL OF
 Create a reason for people to

WEST
have lunch in Kitchenettes so they
don’t stay at desks all day –
View of green
daylight & view can be a draw
ERING
space & water
HE COMME
WINDOW COVE
DESIGN
 Target LEED Daylighting & Views
credit for Commercial Interiors
Legend
certification
Daylight available, requires occupant control of glare
 Although dark tinting of
DE FOR TH
WORKSTATIONN
PANEL DESIGN
N
Direct sunlight, requires occupant control of glare

exterior glass helped View to Mt. Rainier
Minimal daylight penetration or view opportunities
minimize heat loads, it was No daylight penetration or view opportunities
too dark to achieve Approximate daylight penetration (1.5x to 2x window head height)
Daylighting credit Zones of direct sun exposure in the Northern Hemisphere
HTING GUID
INTERIOR SURFACE
E
FINISHES
DAYLIGH
LIGHTING CONTROLS
ELECTRICAL

Ideal for open office Although this zone is ideal for open office work
MMING
 Perimeter offices located so as stations, this space had other program drivers.
PROGRAM
nott to
t block
bl k allll access to
t daylight
d li ht
for Open Office staff Although this Private offices or
zone is ideal for conference rooms
private offices or buffer open office
FFICE
conference
 Private offices can be located on rooms, this
from Eastern sun
exposure
NNING
space had other
Eastern & Western exposures as program drivers.
SPACE PLAN
ERCIAL OF
occupants are likely to adjust

window blinds during the day
Although this
 Kitchenette located on windows zone is ideal for
private offices or
ERING
with view of Mt. Rainier conference
HE COMME
WINDOW COVE
Private offices or rooms, this space
DESIGN
conference rooms had other
buffer open office program drivers.
from Western sun
exposure
DE FOR TH
WORKSTATIONN
PANEL DESIGN
N
Break room, which gets intermittent use, could Ideal for open office
have tolerated East or West exposure.
Adjoining program drivers and territorial views
dictated this location.
Legend
HTING GUID
INTERIOR SURFACE
E
Da light a
Daylight available,
ailable req
requires
ires occ
occupant
pant control of glare
FINISHES
Direct sunlight, requires occupant control of glare

Minimal daylight penetration or view opportunities
No daylight penetration or view opportunities
DAYLIGH
LIGHTING CONTROLS
ELECTRICAL

 Average LPD for tenant spaces:
MMING
0 76 W/sf
0.76
PROGRAM
 Occupancy sensors located in
Zone G
enclosed spaces – estimated
FFICE
Zone F Zone H
reduction of full load by 10% Zone I
NNING
during operating hours
SPACE PLAN
ERCIAL OF
ERING
Zone D
Zone B
HE COMME
WINDOW COVE
Zone E
DESIGN
Zone A Zone C
DE FOR TH
WORKSTATIONN
PANEL DESIGN
N
L
Legend
d
Lighting Control Zone – Daylighting, Continuous Dimming on Photocell
Lighting Control Zone and Enclosed Program – Manual Switch “On” with Vacancy Sensor “Off”
Lighting Control Zone – Continuous Dimming
Lighting Control Zones Per Program Requirements
HTING GUID
INTERIOR SURFACE
E
FINISHES
DAYLIGH
LIGHTING CONTROLS
ELECTRICAL

CONCLUSION
CHECKLIST ITEMS
 www.newbuildings.org
 www.integrateddesignlab.com
 Determine daylighting and view criteria for each program element.
 www.interiorarchitects.com
FFICE
 Do a site visit to understand the existing conditions during the hours of

occupancy.
ERCIAL OF
 Diagram out the daylighting and view opportunities on the floor plan.
 Align the program criteria for each space with the most desirable location
on the floor plan.
 Select the appropriate window covering for the space.

HE COMME
space Privacy needs

should be a consideration.
 Choose interior finishes that will support the maximum efficiency of

electrical lighting and daylighting but also support balanced luminosity.
DE FOR TH
 Plan for open office workstation panels to be 42”

42 or lower where they are
parallel to the perimeter window.
 Integrate a lighting control system into the space. zone areas with similar
daylight performance together to help reduce electrical light output.
HTING GUID
DAYLIGH

Daylighting Guide Presentation

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DAYLIGH

Advanced Energy Office

New Buildings Institute

Brian van Stipdonk

University of Washington – Integrated Design Lab

Provide resources to communicate how the design of an

Educate designers and occupants on benefits of buildings

illuminated with daylight:

 Healthier and higher quality interior environments

 Increased human comfort

Facts, Tips, and Glossary

 Did you know a mid-day overcast

2200 to 6400 footcandles?

 Footcandles are a unit of

 Helpful websites linked in the

searching the web from the hard

 Tips for searching the website

 Tips for searching the website

 Visit the building site to evaluate:

 Shading from adjacent

 Determine daylighting and view

 How critical is glare control

 Diagram the daylighting and view

 Align programming criteria with

within 18’ – 20’ of the

 Position private offices

 Select appropriate window

 Remember potential for sunlight

glare off of adjacent buildings

 Consider the need for visual

 Plan for open office workstation

 Higher panels can be located

 Minimize glare on computer

 Choose interior finishes that will

 Early decisions on Light

important in appropriate planning

 If windows are an obvious bright

the rest of the space will be

 Integrate a lighting control system

between light levels feel

 Offices and Retail spaces utilize

 By incorporating optimal daylight

strategies, an office’s total energy

 Utilities offer financial rebates for

maximized use of occupancy &

 User education and acceptance is

proposed lighting controls long

 Critical relationships to remember:

 The sky as a light source

 Massing and orientation of a

 Depth of the floor plate

 Interior surface finishes

 Orientation of the occupant

 No adjacent buildings to the

 Neighboring building across the

Designed by IA Interior Architects

View to park below

 Desk “benching” layout without

Building across street is a

Designed by IA Interior Architects

 Shades have 5% openness factor

 Shades installed on all West side

Designed by IA Interior Architects