GeoMedia

Data Integration and Validation

Edge Matching
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 Edge Matching
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Table of Contents

This Tutorial ................................................................................................................... vii

Section 1: Edge Matching .............................................................................. 1
Exercise 1: Creating Edge Match Rules ........................................................................... 3
Exercise 2: Automated Edge Matching ......................................................................... 13
Exercise 3: Interactive Edge Matching .......................................................................... 17

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This Tutorial
Tutorial Objective
New construction or new collection/coverage areas that are extensions to an existing database
can present data integration challenges. Edge Matching is the process of performing integration
between features in data sets that share a common geographic boundary. This tutorial provides
an introduction to the GeoMedia Edge Matching tools.

Tutorial Data Set

The exercises outlined in this tutorial make use of vector data.

Tutorial Text Conventions

There are several conventions used throughout the tutorial:
 Ribbon bar items are shown as: On the Aaa tab, in the Bbb group, click Ccc.
 Dialog box names, field names, and button names are depicted using Bolded Text.
 Information to be entered, either by selecting from a list or by typing, is depicted using
Italicized Text.

Tutorial Prerequisites
There are no prerequisites for making use of this tutorial; however, having a basic understanding
of the GeoMedia Desktop will be helpful in expediting the execution of certain steps within this
tutorial.

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 Section 1: Edge Matching

Section Objective
This section will introduce you to GeoMedia Edge Matching tools. You will learn:

 How to create edge match rules.

 How to perform automated edge matching.
 Interactive edge matching.

Tools Used
GeoMedia Professional Edge Matching Tools.
2 Edge Matching
Exercise 1: Creating Edge Match Rules
Objective: Edge Match adjacent contour lines that share a common elevation.

Task 1: Create Edge Match Rules

Overview
Line Edge Match refers to a condition where a line feature is broken and unconnected along a
boundary.

The above example shows a feature broken into two distinct features (Line A and Line B). In
reality, these represent a single connected feature that was broken into two discontinuous
geometries. The purpose of the Line Edge Match process is to detect and resolve these
situations.

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Challenge 1: Line Edge Match Detection

The algorithm to detect Line Edge Matches is composed of three separate geometric
measurement tests (XY Separation, Z Offset, and Orientation) and an Attribute Comparison test.
The XY Separation is mandatory while the others are optional.

 XY Separation refers to the two-dimensional distance between an endpoint of Line A to

an endpoint of Line B.

If the distance from an endpoint of Line A to an endpoint of Line B is less than a specified
amount the Features are considered for edge matching.

 Z Offset refers to the difference in the Z coordinate of the two matching endpoints (C1
and C2 in the example above). The Z Offset is given by:
Z Offset = |Z1 – Z2|
Where Z1 is the z coordinate value of point C1 and Z2 is the z coordinate value of point
C2. If the Z Offset is less than some specified value, then two edges are considered for
matching. This condition is optional and by default is not considered unless specified by
the user.

 Orientation refers to the relative angle between the ending segments of Line A and Line
B. In the example, below this is the angle defined by the vectors B,C1 and C2,D.

In general only the ending segments of the two features are used to determine the angle
of orientation. However, if the line contains a lot of detail within a relatively short distance
from the endpoint of a line, the ending segment may not give an accurate portrayal of the
orientation of end of the line. In this case, a least squares fit of the ending portions of the
lines can be used to give a more accurate measurement of the orientation.

4 Edge Matching
 In the above example, the endpoints of Line A and Line B are within the specified XY
Separation. The angle of orientation if calculated by using the segments at the end of
each feature is approximately 90 degrees. However, in general, these lines are oriented
horizontally. If considering points within a buffer from each endpoint, the fitted lines are
close to being parallel (angle approaching 0). By considering the fitted lines, the features
may meet the angle of orientation. The XY Separation parameter value serves as the
buffer distance for the orientation calculation.

The Orientation is defined in degrees with a valid range between 0 and 90 degrees. If
this angle is less than some specified value, then two lines are considered for matching;
otherwise, they are not. Like Z Offset Orientation is an optional condition.

 Attribute Comparison refers to checking the equality of specified pairs of attributes on

the two features being edge matched. It is assumed that attributes being compared have
the same field type and meaning; therefore, testing the equality of the attributes consists
only of comparing the actual attribute values.
Below is an example of two Railroad feature classes that are being edge matched.
These feature classes have their own unique sets of attributes.

Warehouse A—Railroad Feature Warehouse B—Railroad Feature

# Track Sets 1 Track Single
2 Category Multiple
3
RR Type Electric RR Type Electric
Non-Electric Non-Electric
Atomic Atomic
RR Name Text RR Name Text

The matching attribute check for these two feature classes may be as follows:
Match Railroads in Warehouse A to Railroads in Warehouse B when:
(RR Type = RR Type) and…
(Gauge = Track Width)
Note that comparing RR Type to RR Type and Gauge to Track Width to determine
equality consists of comparing their attribute values since these attribute have the same
type and identical meaning. (e.g., RR Type in Warehouse A and B are both text
attributes with the same allowed values - Electric, Non-Electric, and Atomic).

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Line Edge Match Adjustment
Line Edge Match Adjustment refers to the process of altering the geometry of the two lines to
resolve the edge match condition. Resolution of the edge match condition consists of altering the
linear geometries so that they are no longer discontinuous.
The resolution process consists of first determining the location of a point to serve as the
common point between the two geometries and then adjusting the ending portions of each line to
meet at this common point. There are two different methods for determining the common point
(Merge Point) between the two geometries.

Adjustment Without Edge Match Line

The first of these methods uses the endpoints of the two geometries and weights to specify which
geometry (endpoint) has more significance.

In the above example, the Merge Point is a point on the segment formed by the endpoints of the
two lines (C1,C2). In general, the Merge Point is the midpoint of this segment. However, if
desired, more weight can be given to Line A or Line B so that that features adjustment is less.
Given W1 and W2 as the weights for P1 and P2 respectively, the X coordinate of the Merge Point
is given by the equation:
Xm = ((W1 x X1) + (W2 x X2)) / (W1 + W2)
Similarly, the Y and Z coordinates of the Merge Point can be calculated.

Adjustment With Edge Match Line

The second method requires the input of an edge match line. Logically, this line defines the
location where pairs of edge matched features are to be joined.

6 Edge Matching
In this method, the merge point is determined by calculating the point of intersection between the
line connecting the endpoints of the two edge match features and the edge match line. See the
example above. For cases where there is no point of intersection between these two lines, or if
the lines intersect multiple times, the algorithm fails and no merge point is produced.
After calculating the Merge Point, each line is adjusted so as to maintain its relative shape while
adjusting their endpoints to meet at the Merge Point. A distance is supplied, specifying how far
along the line the adjustment should occur. Only points within the adjustment distance are
moved. No points are added.

In the above diagram, the adjustment of Line A is shown. P5’ represents the Merge Point. Each
point within the Adjustment Distance is moved a relative distance in the same direction the
endpoint P5 is moved to the Merge Point P5’. The distance each point is moved is proportional to
the distance traversed to that point from the end of the Adjustment Distance. For example, P4 is
moved the following distance:
P4P4’ = (P1P2 + P2P3 + P3P4) / (P1P2 + P2P3 + P3P4 + P4P5) X P5P5’
Similarly, the distance the other points within the Adjustment Distance are moved can be
calculated. Given this distance and the vector P5P5’ the location of each corresponding vertex
on the adjusted geometry can be calculated. Line B is also adjusted in a similar fashion.

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 1. Open the GeoWorkspace:
C:\Fusion\Lessons\Lesson 4 Edge Matching\Edge Match.gws

2. Select Toolbox > Edge Match > Edge Match Rules.

3. Select Rules Edge Match in the Rules connection: field.

3. The following informational message will be displayed informing the user that
edge match rules tables need to be created:

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4. Click Yes to automatically create the edge match rules tables.

5. Select BuncombeCounty in both the Feature class matches: > Connection

1: and Connection 2: fields.

6. Select the Add/Modify… button.

7. Select Contour from the both of the Features in connection 1 : Name and
Features in connection 2: Name fields in the Match feature classes:
frame.

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 8. Click the icon to add the Features in connection 1: and Features in
connection 2: Contour feature class to the Feature class matches: frame
list.

9. Select the Feature class matches: Add/Modify Rules button.

10. The Add/Modify Edge Match Rules dialog will now appear.

11. In the Rules: frame type 10 in the XY separation (m) field.

10 Edge Matching
12. Name the Rules: frame Rule Name entry Contours.

13. Click the Contours Rule name and select the activated Attribute
Comparison tab.

14. Click the Add… button.

15. Select the Connection 1 attribute of elevation and the Connection 2

attribute of elevation and set the Relationship: entry to Equal.

16. Click the OK button on the Add Attribute Comparison dialog to accept the
input.

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 17. Close the Attribute Comparisons dialog.

18. Click the OK button on the Add/Modify Edge Match Rules dialog.

19. Click the OK button on the Add/Modify Edge Match Class Matches dialog.

20. Close the Manage Edge Match Rules dialog.

21. Click the Yes button to save the parameters when the following message
appears.

22. Click the OK button to dismiss the message.

12 Edge Matching
 Exercise 2: Automated Edge Matching
Objective:
Provide an introduction to performing automated edge matching.

Task 1: Automated Edge Matching

1. Select Toolbox > Edge Match > Automated.

2. The Edge Match dialog will now appear.

3. Make sure the Connection 1:, Connection 2:, and Rules connection:
entries are set as follows:

4. Select the Rules tab.

5. Double Click the Contour > Contour entry to activate the Edge Match Rules
> Contour > Contours entry. Make sure the Edge Match Rules > Contour
> Contours entries are all checked.

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 6. Check the Auto fix all rules box.

7. Click the OK button on the Edge Match dialog.

8. The following processing information will then be displayed.

9. Close the Edge Match Statistics dialog.

10. The Edge Match queue of EdgeMatchQuery will become activated and the
Queued Edit Map Window will be displayed.

14 Edge Matching
11. Add the Contour feature class to the Queued Edit Map Window and observe
how the edges are matched.

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 12. Scroll through the EdgeMatchQuery queue and review the Contour edges
that have been edge matched.

16 Edge Matching
Exercise 3: Interactive Edge Matching
Objective:
Provide an introduction to performing Interactive Edge Matching.

Task 1: Interactive Edge Matching

1. Add the Query of InteractiveEdgeMatchLocate and the feature class of
HydroLine to the Map Window Legend.

2. Select the Query of InteractiveEdgeMatchLocate on the Legend and then

select Selection > Select > Select by Legend Entry.

3. Select Extent > Fit > Fit Select Set to fit the InteractiveEdgeMatchLocate
Query in the Map Window.

4. Remove the Road and Contour feature classes if needed so the Hydroline
features can be more easily reviewed.

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 5. Select Toolbox > Edge Match> Interactive.

6. Zoom in to one of the unmatched HydroLine unmatched pairs that have been
identified by the InteractiveEdgeMatchLocate query.

7. Hint: Adding the QuadrangleBoundary feature class to the Legend can be

helpful in identifying the Edge Match boundary unmatched edges.

18 Edge Matching
8. The prompt of Identify the first feature to edge match will appear in the
bottom left corner of the Workspace.

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 9. Move the cursor over one of the unmatched edges.

10. Click on the edge to accept the input and notice that the Identify the second
feature to edge match prompt appears in the bottom left of the Workspace.

11. Move the cursor over the second unmatched edge

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12. The message of Click to accept feature adjustments will appear in the
bottom left of the Workspace.

13. Click to accept the interactively matched edges.

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 14. Pan across to the other HydroLine unmatched features in the Map Window
and interactively match more unresolved HydroLine feature edges.

15. Close the GeoWorkspace when done.

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