Double Degree MSc Programme

GEO-INFORMATION FOR SPATIAL PLANNING AND

DISASTER RISK MANAGEMENT
UGM
Graduate School Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta Phone/Fax. (0274) 564239
Website http://www.geo.ugm.ac.id, www.geoinfopasca.ugm.ac.id and
http://www.itc.nl/pub/study/programmes/joint-educations

GROUP ASSIGNMENT

MODULE G SPATIAL PLANNING

“SPATIAL MULTI-CRITERIA ANALYSIS FOR RELOCATION AREA
IDENTIFICATION (STUDY CASE: JUMINAHAN VILLAGE, CODE RIVER)”

LECTURER:

DR. RINI RACHMAWATI, MT

By:

Haikal M. Ihsan 17/420008/PMU/09219

Iwan Rhosadi 17/420012/PMU/09223

M. Taufiq Ismu 17/420015/PMU/09226

Rahma Andini 17/420017/PMU/09228

Trida Ridho Fariz 17/420025/PMU/09236

Zulfa Qonita 17/420027/PMU/09238

DECEMBER 2017
 SPATIAL MULTI-CRITERIA ANALYSIS FOR RELOCATION AREA
IDENTIFICATION

Study Case: Juminahan Village, Code River

A. Introduction

Cempaka cyclone that hit Special Region of Yogyakarta caused several disasters. Based
on Ridarineni and Putri (2017), there is 611 points disaster of typhoon, landslide, and surface
runoff that spread over four regency and one city. Some of public facility such as roads,
utility poles, and also 146 houses are damaged. One of causes the destruction of houses is
landslide. Hanafi (2017) stated that landslide caused by Cempaka cyclone destroyed the pile
on Code river bank or more precisely in Juminahan village, Tegalpanggung, Danurejan,
Yogyakarta city. There are about 130 residents are affected from RT 56 and 57 that evacuated
due to landslide.

The location and quality of new relocation sites is an important factor in relocation
planning, as it largely determines some things such as ease of access to business land and
social networks. Each location has its own limitations and opportunities. Choosing the same
location as the old one (in the old place) in terms of social, economic, and environmental
characteristics will make it possible to successfully relocate and restore livelihoods. Site
selection should be considered as part of the feasibility study. Site selection should take
account of the impact on local communities. Issues such as land quality, location capacity,
public property, resources, social infrastructure and population composition (social
stratification, ethnicity, gender, ethnic minorities) need to be considered during the feasibility
study.

GIS as an application can be used to analyze the area that suits for a relocation site. In
spatial planning, GIS become a powerful application that can search location, quantity
mapping, density mapping, trend mapping, pattern mapping and map everything inside and
outside of the area (Prasetyo in Muta’ali 2013). One of method that can be used for spatial
planning in GIS is Spatial Multi-criteria Analysis. Based on Malczewski, 1999 for multi-
criteria analysis we can use raster-based unit analysis or we can call it Multi-Attribute
Decision Maker (MADM) which is the output of MADM is relevant to evaluation or choice.
In this study, we want to try applied spatial data and multi-criteria analysis to define the area
for the relocation site, after Cempaka Cyclone that caused landslide in Code River, Study
case: Juminahan Village.

B. Study Area

Juminahan Village placed in Tegalpanggung, Danurejan sub-district, Yogyakarta city.

Tegalpanggung is the one of the most density area in Yogyakarta city. Based on Yulianti et.
al. (2015), the position of Tegalpanggung in Yogyakarta city is very potential because nearby
economic area. The new comers are looking for it as area to live, that is why the
Tegalpanggung as area with highly density. The density in Tegalpanggung is over than 80
percent.

Source: Google earth

Juminahan village is the one of village in Tegalpanggung, the location in side of Code
River. The location is strategic because nearby store area along by Juminahan street, while
the settlement area is really close to Code River. Settlement area place on talud where
characteristic is steeply area. Otherwise based on Yulianti (2015) and PU (2007), settlement
area in Tegalpanggung is categorized as slum area.
Source: Hanafi, 2017

C. Methods

The aim of this study is a relocation site for people who exposed by Cempaka Cyclone
that caused a landslide. The method that used in this study is Spatial Multi-criteria Analysis
using GIS. The first step we have to define several criteria for a relocation site. Based on
Permana, 2017; Lumban Batu, 2017; Kavurmaci, 2016; Omar and Raheem, 2016 we define
several criteria for relocation site which is new settlement area. The criteria are chosen using
deterministic approach. In this study the criteria for relocation site such as Land use,
Topographic, Accessibility (Roads and Public Facilities), and Hazard zone.

 Land use
The criterion for land use is bare land. Bare land as a location that can build a new
settlement for people who need to relocated due to disaster. Bare land in Yogyakarta
City is identified using SPOT satellite imagery.
 Topographic
The topographic condition can be derived from slope condition. The new settlement
should build with slope less than 10%. The flat condition is suited to build a
settlement which avoids the landslide hazard. The topographic model that used in this
study is Digital Terrain Model (DTM) which describes the ground elevation more
accurate.
  Distance from roads
The new area for settlement or relocation site should easy to access. Roads are
important for people to access the new relocation site. The distance from the road for
people easy to access is less than 500 meters. The distance model that used in this
study is Euclidean Distance.
 Distance from public facilities
To ensure that relocation site is well served. Considering the distance from public
facilities such as school, government building, market, mosque or church, and
hospital are important. The nearest area with the public facilities around 500 meters is
suit area. The distance model that used in this study is Euclidean Distance.
 Hazard zone
Relocation related to moving people to a safer place than before. The new settlement
area should free from another hazard. In this study, we are considering flood as a
common hazard in Yogyakarta city. So, the new settlement area is not susceptible
with flood. Susceptible flood area model that used in this study is hydrology – basin
model which is in the area has characteristic as a basin is susceptible to flood.

Weighting Criteria

Each criterion is weighted using a boolean number which is 0 and 1. The nearest or less
than 500 meters are weighted as 1. The area that frees from flood or not susceptible area is
weighted as 1. The area with slope condition less than 10% are weighted as 1 too. Then, after
the value from each criteria are same, we overlay each criteria with an equal scenario which
is each criteria considered has an equal impact on the relocation site. The result is divided
into three class, not suitable, suitable and most suitable.

D. Result and Discussion

Relocation is one of the solutions to reduce an element of risk. Juminagan village is

located in central Yogyakarta city, near from code river. Juminahan’s people requires new
suitable space for living due to Cempaka cyclone that impacted a landslide. Suitable space is
considered by several aspects such as land use, topographic, distance from roads, distance
from public facilities and hazard zone. All of the aspects has been considering to decrease
society conflict if relocated is needed. Hazard zone means space which is not impacted
cyclones, such as landslide and flood. Roads and public facilities demanded human activities.

Bare land becomes a new space for relocation, it aims to be easier to rebuild the
settlement area. There are three classifications in this analysis for bare land area with some
consideration criteria of the topography, distance from roads and public facilities, and also
hazard zone, namely Not Suitable, Suitable, Most Suitable. Based on the map, Not Suitable
area is shown by red color, Yellow color shows Suitable area and Green color shows Most
Suitable area. The safest from hazard potential, the easiest access to the roads and public
facilities, and has the large area represents by Most Suitable criteria. From the map, there are
several Most Suitable areas which are distributed in Yogyakarta City. It means Yogyakarta
City has many bare lands to use. There is eighteen bare land space that can be recommended
for relocation. Suitable space has six bare lands and Not Suitable have five space. Each bare
land space has different larges involve Not suitable, Suitable, and Most Suitable. Relocation
can be carried out in Suitable space and Most Suitable space. But, it is recommended to
relocate to the Most Suitable classification of space.

Based on the analysis, the most suitable relocation areas are Pandeyan Village and
Giwangan Village. The distance from the public facilities is relatively short. There are
worship place, Sub-district Office, Market, Hospital/Puskesmas, and School. Worship
facility, such as mosque, is an important facility besides as worship place especially Friday
prayer, it is also as an activity center of the people around it. Sub-district office also needed
by the resident to facilitate their administrative business. The market provides daily needs
with cheaper price. If the market is located near to the settlement area, it will give easiness to
the resident. Hospital/puskesmas is a primary need to provide their health needs and as the
first aid in the emergency state. And also, people usually choose to school around their
neighborhood. Pandeyan Village and Giwangan Village facilitate educational needs around
the neighborhood from the elementary school, junior high school, and senior high school
level.

Pandeyan Village and Giwangan Village have relative short distance from the road. The
road is one of the important facility to support human activities. Human needs easy access in
doing an activity such as working, going to school, and so on in considering cost, benefit and
time effectively. Both Villages are not located in hazard areas such as landslide and flood.
Topographic is flat or almost flat. Pandeyan Village and Giwangan Village can be
recommendation as relocation areas if the disaster occurs continuously.

E. Conclusion

Based on analysis of the research, the conclusions are:

1. Caused by Cempaka Cyclone, 130 residents had to be evacuated due to a landslide

that affected their houses. The houses that exposed by a landslide are located on the
riverbank along Code River at Juminahan Village. Juminahan Village is a flood-prone
area, especially for flood and landslide. The houses that damaged by a landslide are
built too near to the river. It should be a protected area and the residents need to be
relocated to the safer place to live.
2. In determining new settlement area, the research used Spatial Multi-criteria Analysis
using GIS that considered land use, topography, distance to road and public facility,
and hazard zone. There are three classifications of possible land to be a new
settlement area i.e. Not Suitable area, Suitable area, and Most Suitable area. This
research recommends using the area named Most Suitable area as the possible area to
relocate the residents from Juminahan Village that affected by the landslide.
3. This research recommends relocating the residents of Juminahan Village along the
river bank to Pandeyan Village or Giwangan Village to minimize the risk from flood
and landslide. Both of the recommendation areas have a quite large bare land area to
rebuild their houses. The area has an easy access to the main road, public facility, and
relatively safe of hazard potential.
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