Chapter 8 - Application of Integrals

R. K. MALIK’S JEE (MAIN & ADV.
), MEDICAL
NEWTON CLASSES + BOARD, NDA, FOUNDATION
Class XII Chapter 8 – Application of Integrals Maths
______________________________________________________________________________
Book Name: NCERT Solutions
R. K. MALIK'S NEWTON CLASSES, RANCHI

EXERCISE- 8.1
Question 1:
Find the area of the region bounded by the curve y2 = x and the lines x = 1, x = 4 and the x-axis.
Solution 1:
HI S S
ES
NC A K' The area of the region bounded by the curve, y2 = x, the lines, x = 1 and x = 4, and the x-axis is
the area ABCD.
1
Area of ABCD = 
1
ydx
RA C I
1
 xdx
S
1
AL
4
 32 
x 
 
 3 
L
2
 
ON M
 
 1
2  23 3

   4   1 2

3 
WT .
2
 8  1
3
K
14
 units
3
R.
Question 2:
Find the area of the region bounded by y2 = 9x, x = 2, x = 4 and the x-axis in the first quadrant.
NE
MAKE YOUR CONCEPTS CRYSTAL CLEAR

VISIT OUR YOU TUBE CHANNEL : MATHEMATICS MADE INTERESTING
Office.: 606 , 6th Floor, Hariom Tower, Circular Road, Ranchi-1,
Ph.: 0651-2562523, 9835508812, 8507613968
R. K. MALIK’S JEE (MAIN & ADV.), MEDICAL
______________________________________________________________________________
Solution 2:

The area of the region bounded by the curve, y2 = 9x, x = 2, and x = 4, and the x-axis is the area
ABCD.
1
Area of ABCD = 
2
ydx
1
  3 xdx
HI S S
2
ES
4
NC A K'  23 
x 
 
 3 3 
2
 
 
 2
RA C I
4
 32 
S
 2 x 
AL
 2
 3 3

 2  4  2   2  2 
 
L
ON M
2
 8  2 2 
3

 16  4 2 units 
WT .
K
Question 3:
Find the area of the region bounded by x2 = 4y, y = 2, y = 4 and the y-axis in the first quadrant.
Solution 3:
R.
NE

Ph.: 0651-2562523, 9835508812, 8507613968
______________________________________________________________________________

The area of the region bounded by the curve, x2 = 4y, y = 2, and y = 4, and the y-axis is the area
ABCD.
1
Area of ABCD =  2
xdx
1
  2 ydx
2
HI S S
1
 2 ydx
2
ES
NC A K'  32
y




4
 2 3 
2
 
RA C I
 
 2
S
4  32
    2 
AL
3
  4  2
3 
4
 8  2 2 
L
3
ON M
 32  8 2 
   units
 3 
WT .
K
Question 4:
x2 y2
Find the area of the region bounded by the ellipse  1
16 9
Solution 4:
R.
x2 y2
The given equation of the ellipse,   1 , can be represented as
16 9
NE

Ph.: 0651-2562523, 9835508812, 8507613968
______________________________________________________________________________

It can be observed that the ellipse is symmetrical about x-axis and y-axis.
∴ Area bounded by ellipse = 4 × Area of OAB
4
Area of ABCD =  ydx
HI S S
0
x2
ES
4
NC A K'   3 1 dx
0 16
3 4

4 0
16  x 2 dx
4
3 x 16 x
RA C I
  16  x 2  sin 1 
4 2 2 4 0
S
AL
3
  2 16  16  8sin 1 1  0  8sin 1  0  
4
3  8 
  
L
4 2 
ON M
3
  4 
4
 3
WT .
Therefore, area bounded by the ellipse = 4 × 3π = 12π units

K
Question5:
x2 y 2
 1
R.
Find the area of the region bounded by the ellipse

4 9
Solution 5:
The given equation of the ellipse can be represented as
NE

Ph.: 0651-2562523, 9835508812, 8507613968
______________________________________________________________________________

x2 y 2
 1
4 9
x2
 y  3 1 ... 1
HI S S
4
ES
NC A K' It can be observed that the ellipse is symmetrical about x-axis and y-axis.
∴ Area bounded by ellipse = 4 × Area OAB
2
 Area of OAB=  ydx
0
x2
 Using (1)
2
  3 1
RA C I
0 4
S
3 2
AL
2 0
 4  x2
2
3x 4 1 x 
 4  x 2
 sin
2  2 2  0
L
2
ON M
3  2 

2  2 
3

WT .
2
3
Therefore, area bounded by the ellipse = 4   6 units
K
2
R.
Question 6:
Find the area of the region in the first quadrant enclosed by x-axis, line x  3 y and the circle
x2  y 2  4
NE

Ph.: 0651-2562523, 9835508812, 8507613968
______________________________________________________________________________
Solution 6:

The area of the region bounded by the circle, x2  y 2  4 , x  3 y , and the x-axis is the area
OAB.
The point of intersection of the line and the circle in the first quadrant is  
3,1 .
Area OAB = Area ∆OCA + Area ACB
1 1 3
Area of OAC =  OC  AC   3  1  …
HI S S
2 2 2
ES
2
NC A K' Area of ABC =  3
ydx
2
 4  x 2 dx
3
2
x 4 x
RA C I
 4  x 2  sin 1 
2 2 2
S
3
AL
  3  3 
 2   4  3  2sin 1   
 2 2  2  
 3  
L
    2  
ON M
 2  3 
 3 2 
    
 2 3 
WT .
 3
   …
 3 2 
K
Therefore, area enclosed by x-axis, the line x  3 y , and the circle x2  y 2  4 in the first
3 3 
quadrant =    units
2 3 2 3
R.
NE

Ph.: 0651-2562523, 9835508812, 8507613968
______________________________________________________________________________
Question 7:

a
Find the area of the smaller part of the circle x2 + y2 = a2 cut off by the line, x  .
2
Solution 7:
a
The area of the smaller part of the circle, x2 + y2 = a2, cut off by the line, x  , is the area
2
ABCDA.
HI S S
ES
NC A K' It can be observed that the area ABCD is symmetrical about x-axis.
∴ Area ABCD = 2 × Area ABC
a
Area of ABC =  ydx
RA C I
a
2
S
a
a a 2  x 2 dx
AL
2
a
x 2 a2 x
 a  x  sin 1 
2
L
2 2 a a
ON M
 a2    a a2 a2  1 
    a2   sin 1  
 2  2  2 2 2 2  2  
WT .
a 2 a a a2   
  .   
4 2 2 2 2 4
K
a 2 a 2 a 2
  
4 4 8
a 
2

   1  
R.
4  2
a  
2
   1
4 2 
NE

Ph.: 0651-2562523, 9835508812, 8507613968
______________________________________________________________________________
 a2    a  
2


 Area ABCD  2    1     1
 4  2  2  2 
a
Therefore, the area of smaller part of the circle, x2 + y2 = a2, cut off all the line, x  , is
2
a2   
  1 units.
2 2 
Question 8:
The area between x = y2 and x = 4 is divided into two equal parts by the line x = a, find the value
of a.
Solution 8:
The line, x = a, divides the area bounded by the parabola and x = 4 into two equal parts.
∴ Area OAD = Area ABCD
HI S S
ES
NC A K'
RA C I
S
AL
L
ON M
It can be observed that the given area is symmetrical about x-axis.

⇒ Area OED = Area EFCD
a
Area OED = 
0
ydx
a

WT .
xdx
0
a
 32 
K
x 
 
 3 
2
 
 
R.
 0
3
2
 a2 …(1)
3
NE

Ph.: 0651-2562523, 9835508812, 8507613968
______________________________________________________________________________
4


Area of EFCD = xdx
0
4
 32 
x 
 
 3 
2
 
 
 0
2 3

 8  a 2
 ...  2 
3 
From (1) and (2), we obtain
 a  2  8   a  2 
3 3
2 2
3 3 
3
 2.  a  2  8
3
HI S S
 a2  4
ES
3
 a   4 2
NC A K' 2
Therefore, the value of a is  4  3 .
RA C I
S
AL
Question 9:
Find the area of the region bounded by the parabola y = x2 and y  x
Solution 9:
L
ON M
The area bounded by the parabola, x2 = y, and the line, y  x , can be represented as
WT .
K
R.
The given area is symmetrical about y-axis.

∴ Area OACO = Area ODBO
NE

Ph.: 0651-2562523, 9835508812, 8507613968
______________________________________________________________________________
The point of intersection of parabola, x2 = y, and line, y = x, is A (1, 1).


Area of OACO = Area ∆OAB – Area OBACO
1 1 1
 Area of OAB=  OB  AB  11 
2 2 2
1
1 1  x3  1
Area of OBACO =  ydx   x dx    
2
0 0
 3 0 3
⇒ Area of OACO = Area of ∆OAB – Area of OBACO
1 1
= 
2 3
1
=
6
1 1
Therefore, required area = 2    units.
6 3
HI S S
ES
NC A K' Question 10:
Find the area bounded by the curve x2 = 4y and the line x = 4y – 2
Solution 10:
The area bounded by the curve, x2 = 4y, and line, x = 4y – 2, is represented by the shaded area
RA C I
OBAO.
S
AL
L
ON M
WT .
K
Let A and B be the points of intersection of the line and parabola.

 1
Coordinates of point A are  1,  .
R.
 4
Coordinates of point B are (2, 1).
We draw AL and BM perpendicular to x-axis.
NE
It can be observed that,

Ph.: 0651-2562523, 9835508812, 8507613968
______________________________________________________________________________
Area OBAO = Area OBCO + Area OACO … (1)


Then, Area OBCO = Area OMBC – Area OMBO
2 x2 2 x
2
 dx   dx
0 4 0 4
2 2
1  x2  1  x3 
   2x   
4 2 0 4  3 0
 2  4   
1 1 8

4 4 3
3 2
 
2 3
5

6
Similarly, Area OACO = Area OLAC – Area OLAO
x2
0 0 x
2
 dx  
HI S S
dx
1 4 1 4
ES
0 0
NC A K' 1  x2  1  x3 
   2x   
4 2 1 4  3  1
1   1   1   1  
3
   2  1      
  4  3  
RA C I
4 2
S
1 1  1
    2 
AL
4 2  2
1 1 1
  
2 8 12
L
ON M
7

24
5 7  9
Therefore, required area =     units
 6 24  8
WT .
K
Question 11:
Find the area of the region bounded by the curve y2 = 4x and the line x = 3
R.
Solution 11:
The region bounded by the parabola, y2 = 4x, and the line, x = 3, is the area OACO
NE

Ph.: 0651-2562523, 9835508812, 8507613968
______________________________________________________________________________

The area OACO is symmetrical about x-axis.
∴ Area of OACO = 2 (Area of OAB)
Area OACO = 2   ydx 
3
 0 
 2   2 xdx 
3
HI S S
 0 
ES
3
NC A K'  23 
x 
 3 
 4 
2
 
 
RA C I
 0
S
8 3
  3  2 
AL
3 
8 3
L
Therefore, the required area is 8 3 units.

ON M
Question 12:
WT .
Area lying in the first quadrant and bounded by the circle x2 + y2 = 4 and the lines x = 0 and x =
2 is
K
A. π

B.
2
R.

C.
3

D.
NE

Ph.: 0651-2562523, 9835508812, 8507613968
______________________________________________________________________________
Solution 12:

The area bounded by the circle and the lines, x = 0 and x = 2, in the first quadrant is represented
as
2
 Area OAB =  ydx
0
2
 4  x 2 dx
HI S S
0
ES
2
NC A K' x 4 x
 4  x 2  sin 1 
2 2 2 0
 
 2 
2
RA C I
  units
S
Thus, the correct answer is A.
AL
L
Question 13:
ON M
Area of the region bounded by the curve y2 = 4x, y-axis and the line y = 3 is
A. 2
9
B.
WT .
4
9
C.
K
3
9
D.
2
Solution 13:
R.
The area bounded by the curve, y2 = 4x, y-axis, and y = 3 is represented as

NE

Ph.: 0651-2562523, 9835508812, 8507613968
______________________________________________________________________________

3
 Area OAB = 
0
xdy
3 y2

HI S S
dy
0 4
ES
3
NC A K' 1  y3 
  
4  4 0
1
  27 
12
RA C I
9
 units
S
4
AL
Thus, the correct answer is B.

L
ON M
WT .
K
R.
NE

Ph.: 0651-2562523, 9835508812, 8507613968
______________________________________________________________________________
EXERCISE- 8.2

Question 1:
Find the area of the circle 4x2 + 4y2 = 9 which is interior to the parabola x2 = 4y
Solution 1:
The required area is represented by the shaded area OBCDO.
HI S S
ES
NC A K'
Solving the given equation of circle, 4x2 + 4y2 = 9, and parabola, x2 = 4y, we obtain the point of
RA C I
 1  1
intersection as B  2,  and D   2,  .
S
AL
 2  2
It can be observed that the required area is symmetrical about y-axis.
∴ Area OBCDO = 2 × Area OBCO
L
We draw BM perpendicular to OA.

ON M
Therefore, the coordinates of M are  2,0 . 

Therefore, Area OBCO = Area OMBCO – Area OMBO
 9  4 x  dx 
2
x2
WT .
2 2
 
0 4 0 4
K
1 2 1 2
 
2 0
9  4 x 2 dx   x 2 dx
4 0
2
1  x3 
2
1 9 2x 
  x 9  4 x 2  sin 1    
4 3 0 4  3 0
R.
2
1 9 1 2 2  1
 2
3
  2 9  8  sin 
4 2 3  12
NE

Ph.: 0651-2562523, 9835508812, 8507613968
______________________________________________________________________________

2 9 1 2 2 2
  sin 
4 8 3 6
2 9 1 2 2
  sin
12 8 3
1  2 9 1 2 2 
   sin 
2 6 4 3 
Therefore, the required area OBCDO is
 1  2 9 1 2 2    2 9 1 2 2 
2   sin     sin
 2 6 4 3    6 4 3 
 units

Question 2:
Find the area bounded by curves (x – 1)2 + y2 = 1 and x2 + y2 = 1
HI S S
Solution 2:
ES
The area bounded by the curves, (x – 1)2 + y2 = 1 and x2 + y2 = 1, is represented by the shaded
NC A K' area as
RA C I
S
AL
L
ON M
On solving the equations, (x – 1)2 + y2 = 1 and x2 + y2 = 1, we obtain the point of intersection

1 3 1 3
as A  ,  and B  ,  
WT .
2 2  2 2 
K
It can be observed that the required area is symmetrical about x-axis.

∴ Area OBCAO = 2 × Area OCAO
We join AB, which intersects OC at M, such that AM is perpendicular to OC.
1 
The coordinates of M are  , 0 
R.
2 
 Area OCAO  Area OMAO  Area MCAM
NE

Ph.: 0651-2562523, 9835508812, 8507613968
______________________________________________________________________________
 1 

   2 1   x  1 dx  1 1  x 2 dx 
2 1
 
0
2
1
 x 1
1
1 2  x 1 
 1   x  1  sin 1  x  1    1  x 2  sin 1 x 
2
 2 2 0  2 2 1
2
 1 2
 1  1 1  1  1 1  1 1  1  1 1  1  
2
  1      sin   1  sin  1  sin  1 

   1
1      sin  
 4  2 2  2  2  2 4  2 2  2  
  
 3 1    1     1    3 1   
                 
 8 2  6  2  2   2  2  8 2  6 
 3    
      
 4 12 4 4 12 
 3  
    
HI S S
 4 6 2
ES
NC A K'  2 3
  
 6 4 
 2 3   2 3
Therefore, required area OBCAO = 2         units
2 
RA C I
 6 4   3
S
AL
Question 3:
L
Find the area of the region bounded by the curves y = x2 + 2, y = x, x = 0 and x = 3

ON M
Solution 3:
The area bounded by the curves, y = x2 + 2, y = x, x = 0, and x = 3, is represented by the shaded
area OCBAO as
WT .
K
R.
NE

Ph.: 0651-2562523, 9835508812, 8507613968
______________________________________________________________________________
Then, Area OCBAO = Area ODBAO – Area ODCO


   x 2  2  dx   xdx
3 3
0 0
3 3
 x3   x2 
   2x   
3 0  2 0
9
 9  6   
2
9
 15 
2
21
 units
2
Question 4:
HI S S
Using integration finds the area of the region bounded by the triangle whose vertices are (–1, 0),
ES
NC A K' (1, 3) and (3, 2).
Solution 4:
BL and CM are drawn perpendicular to x-axis.
It can be observed in the following figure that,
RA C I
Area (∆ACB) = Area (ALBA) + Area (BLMCB) – Area (AMCA) … (1)
S
AL
L
ON M
WT .
K
Equation of line segment AB is

30
y0   x  1
11
3
y   x  1
R.
2
1
3 3  x2  3 1 1 
 Area  ALBA     x  1 dx    x     1   1  3units
1
NE
1 2 2 2  1 2  2 2 

Ph.: 0651-2562523, 9835508812, 8507613968
______________________________________________________________________________
Equation of line segment BC is


23
y 3   x  1
3 1
1
y  x  7
2
3
1 1  x2  1 9 1 
 Area  BLMCB    
3
 x  7 dx     7 x     21   7   5units
1 2 2 2 1 2  2 2 
Equation of line segment AC is
20
y0   x  1
3 1
1
y   x  1
2
3
1 3 1  x2  1 9 1 
 Area  AMCA     x  1 dx    x     3   1  4units
2 1 2 2  1 2  2 2 
HI S S
Therefore, from equation (1), we obtain
ES
NC A K' Area (∆ABC) = (3 + 5 – 4) = 4 units
Question 5:
RA C I
Using integration find the area of the triangular region whose sides have the equations y = 2x
S
+1, y = 3x + 1 and x = 4.
AL
Solution 5:
The equations of sides of the triangle are y = 2x +1, y = 3x + 1, and x = 4.
On solving these equations, we obtain the vertices of triangle as A(0, 1), B(4, 13), and C (4, 9).
L
ON M
WT .
K
R.

Area (∆ACB) = Area (OLBAO) –Area (OLCAO)
NE

Ph.: 0651-2562523, 9835508812, 8507613968
______________________________________________________________________________
   3x  1 dx    2 x  1 dx
4 4

0 0
4 4
 3x 2
  2 x2 
  x    x
 2 0  2 0
  24  4   16  4 
 28  20
 8units
Question6:
Smaller area enclosed by the circle x2 + y2 = 4 and the line x + y = 2 is
A. 2 (π – 2)
B. π – 2
C. 2π – 1
D. 2 (π + 2)
HI S S
Solution 6:
ES
NC A K' The smaller area enclosed by the circle, x2 + y2 = 4, and the line, x + y = 2, is represented by the
shaded area ACBA as
RA C I
S
AL
L
ON M

Area ACBA = Area OACBO – Area (∆OAB)
4  x 2 dx    2  x  dx
2 2

WT .
0 0
2 2
x 4 x  x
 4  x 2  sin 1    2 x  
K
2 2 2 0  2 0
 
  2.    4  2
 2
   2  units
R.

NE

Ph.: 0651-2562523, 9835508812, 8507613968
______________________________________________________________________________
Question 7:

Area lying between the curve y2 = 4x and y = 2x is
2 1
A. C.
3 4
1 3
B. D.
3 4
Solution 7:
The area lying between the curve, y2 = 4x and y = 2x, is represented by the shaded area OBAO
as
HI S S
ES
NC A K'
The points of intersection of these curves are O (0, 0) and A (1, 2).
We draw AC perpendicular to x-axis such that the coordinates of C are (1, 0).
RA C I
∴ Area OBAO = Area (∆OCA) – Area (OCABO)
S
1 1
  2 xdx   2 xdx
AL
0 0
1
 3 1
x   x2 
2
 2  2 
3
L
 2 0  
ON M
 2 0
4
 1
3
1
WT .

3
K
1
 units
3
R.
NE

Ph.: 0651-2562523, 9835508812, 8507613968
______________________________________________________________________________
Miscellaneous EXERCISE

Question 1:
Find the area under the given curves and given lines:
(i) y = x2, x = 1, x = 2 and x-axis
(ii) y = x4, x = 1, x = 5 and x –axis
Solution 1:
i. The required area is represented by the shaded area ADCBA as
HI S S
2
Area ADCBA =  ydx
ES
NC A K' 1
2
  x 2 dx
1
2
 x3 
 
 3 1
RA C I
8 1
S
 
AL
3 3
7
 units
3
L
ii. The required area is represented by the shaded area ADCBA as

ON M
WT .
K
R.
5
Area of ADCBA = 
1
x 4 dx
5
 x5 
 
NE
 5 1

Ph.: 0651-2562523, 9835508812, 8507613968
______________________________________________________________________________
 5
5

1
 
5 5
1
  5 
4
5
1
 625 
5
 624.8 units
Question 2:
Find the area between the curves y = x and y = x2
Solution 2:
The required area is represented by the shaded area OBAO as
HI S S
ES
NC A K'
RA C I
S
AL
The points of intersection of the curves, y = x and y = x2, is A (1, 1).

L
ON M
We draw AC perpendicular to x-axis.

∴ Area (OBAO) = Area (∆OCA) – Area (OCABO) … (1)
1 1
  xdx   x 2 dx
0 0
1 1
WT .
 x 2   x3 
    
 2 0  3 0
K
1 1
 
2 3
1
 units
6
R.
NE

Ph.: 0651-2562523, 9835508812, 8507613968
______________________________________________________________________________
Question 3:

Find the area of the region lying in the first quadrant and bounded by y = 4x2, x = 0, y = 1 and y
=4
Solution 3:
The area in the first quadrant bounded by y = 4x2, x = 0, y = 1, and y = 4 is represented by the
shaded area ABCDA as
HI S S
ES
NC A K'  Area ABCD=  xdx
4
4 4
 dx
1 2
RA C I
4
 3
S
1  y2 
AL
  
2 3 
 2 1
1 3 
L
  4  2  1
ON M
3 
1
 8  1
3
7
WT .
 units
3
K
Question 4:
R.
0
Sketch the graph of y  x  3 and evaluate 6
x  3 dx
Solution 4:
The given equation is y  x  3
NE

Ph.: 0651-2562523, 9835508812, 8507613968
______________________________________________________________________________
The corresponding values of x and y are given in the following table.


On plotting these points, we obtain the graph y  x  3 of as follows.
HI S S
ES
NC A K'
It is known that,  x  3  0 for -6  x  -3 and  x  3  0 for -3  x  0
RA C I
3
S
 x  3 dx  6  x  3 dx  3  x  3 dx
0 0

AL
6
3 0
 x2   x2 
    3x     3x 
2  6  2  3
L
ON M
  32    6 2      32 
    3  3     3  6     0    3  3  
 2     
   2     2  
 9  9
      
WT .
 2  2
9
K
Question 5:
R.
Find the area bounded by the curve y = sin x between x = 0 and x = 2π

Solution 5:
NE
The graph of y = sin x can be drawn as

Ph.: 0651-2562523, 9835508812, 8507613968
______________________________________________________________________________

∴ Required area = Area OABO + Area BCDB
 2
  sin xdx   sin xdx
0
   cos x 0    cos x 
 2
HI S S
   cos   cos 0   cos 2  cos 
ES
NC A K'  1  1   1  1
 2  2
 2  2  4 units
RA C I
S
AL
Question 6:
Find the area enclosed between the parabola y2 = 4ax and the line y = mx
L
Solution 6:
ON M
The area enclosed between the parabola, y2 = 4ax, and the line, y = mx, is represented by the
shaded area OABO as
WT .
K
R.
NE

Ph.: 0651-2562523, 9835508812, 8507613968
______________________________________________________________________________
 4a 4a 

The points of intersection of both the curves are (0, 0) and  2 ,  .
m m 
We draw AC perpendicular to x-axis.
∴ Area OABO = Area OCABO – Area (∆OCA)
4a 4a
  m 2 axdx   m mxdx
2 2
0 0
4a
 3  m2 4a
 x2   x 2  m2
 2 a   m 
3  2 0
 
 2 0
3
 4 a  2 m  4a  
2
4
 a  2    2  
3 m  2  m  
32a 2 m  16a 2 
   
3m3 2  m 2 
HI S S
ES
32a 2 8a 2
NC A K'  
3m3 m3
8a 2
 units
3m3
RA C I
S
AL
Question 7:
Find the area enclosed by the parabola 4y = 3x2 and the line 2y = 3x + 12
L
ON M
Solution 7:
The area enclosed between the parabola, 4y = 3x2, and the line, 2y = 3x + 12, is represented by
the shaded area OBAO as
The points of intersection of the given curves are A (–2, 3) and (4, 12).
WT .
We draw AC and BD perpendicular to x-axis.

∴ Area OBAO = Area CDBA – (Area ODBO + Area OACO)
K
2
1 4 3x
   3x  12  dx  
1
dx
2 2 2 4
4 4
1  3x 2  3  x3 
R.
   12 x    
2 2  2 4  3  2
1 1
  24  48  6  24   64  8
NE
2 4

Ph.: 0651-2562523, 9835508812, 8507613968
______________________________________________________________________________

HI S S
ES
NC A K'
1 1
 90  72
2 4
RA C I
 45  18
S
 27 units
AL
L
ON M
Question 8:
x2 y 2 x y
Find the area of the smaller region bounded by the ellipse   1 and the line   1
9 4 3 2
Solution 8:
WT .
x2 y 2 x y
The area of the smaller region bounded by the ellipse,   1 , and the line,   1 , is
K
9 4 3 2
represented by the shaded region BCAB as
∴ Area BCAB = Area (OBCAO) – Area (OBAO)
3 x2 3  x
  2 1 dx   2 1   dx
R.
0 9 0
 3
2 3
9  x 2 dx     3  1 dx
2 3
3  0

 3 0
NE

Ph.: 0651-2562523, 9835508812, 8507613968
______________________________________________________________________________

3
9 1 x  2  x2 
3
2 x
  9  x  sin
2
 3x  
3  0 3 
HI S S
3 2 2 2 0
ES
NC A K' 2  9    2  9 
    9
3  2  2   3  2 
2  9 9 
 
3  4 2 
RA C I
2 9
    2 
S
3 4
AL
3
   2  units
2
L
ON M
Question 9:
x2 y 2 x y
Find the area of the smaller region bounded by the ellipse  2  1and the line   1
WT .
2
a b a b
Solution 9:
K
x2 y 2 x y
The area of the smaller region bounded by the ellipse, 2
 2  1 , and the line,   1 , is
a b a b
represented by the shaded region BCAB as
R.
∴ Area BCAB = Area (OBCAO) – Area (OBAO)

a x2 a  x
  b 1  2 dx   b 1   dx
0 a 0
 a
NE

Ph.: 0651-2562523, 9835508812, 8507613968
______________________________________________________________________________

b a 2 b a
 a  x  dx
a 0 a 0
 a  x 2
dx 
HI S S
b  x 2 x2  
a a
a2 1 x  
ES
NC A K'    a  x  sin
2
  ax   
a  2 2 a 0  2 0 
 
b   a 2      2 a 2 
       a  
a  2  2   2 
RA C I
b  a 2 a 2 
  
a  4
S
2
AL
ba 2   
 1
2a  2 
L
ab   
ON M
 1
2  2 
ab
   2 
4
WT .
K
Question 10:
Find the area of the region enclosed by the parabola x2 = y, the line y = x + 2 and x axis
Solution 10:
R.
The area of the region enclosed by the parabola, x2 = y, the line, y = x + 2, and x-axis is
represented by the shaded region OABCO as
NE

Ph.: 0651-2562523, 9835508812, 8507613968
______________________________________________________________________________

The point of intersection of the parabola, x2 = y, and the line, y = x + 2, is A (–1, 1).
∴ Area OABCO = Area (BCA) + Area COAC
HI S S
1
 x  2  dx   x 2 dx
0

ES
NC A K' 2 1
1 0
 x2   x3 
   2x   
2  2  3  1
  12  2 
2
   13 
RA C I
  2  1   2  2      
 2 2   3 
S
AL
1 1
  224 
2 3
5
L
 units
ON M
6
WT .
Question 11:
Using the method of integration find the area bounded by the curve x  y  1
K
[Hint: the required region is bounded by lines x + y = 1, x – y = 1, – x + y = 1 and – x – y = 11]

Solution 11:
The area bounded by the curve, x  y  1 , is represented by the shaded region ADCB as
R.
NE

Ph.: 0651-2562523, 9835508812, 8507613968
______________________________________________________________________________

The curve intersects the axes at points A (0, 1), B (1, 0), C (0, –1), and D (–1, 0).
It can be observed that the given curve is symmetrical about x-axis and y-axis.
∴ Area ADCB = 4 × Area OBAO
HI S S
 4 1  x  dx
1
ES
0
NC A K' 

x2 
 4 x  
2 0
1
 1
 4 1  
RA C I
 2
S
1
AL
 4 
2
 2 units
L
ON M
Question 12:
Find the area bounded by curves  x, y  : y  x 2
and y= x 
WT .
Solution 12:
 x, y  : y  x and y= x  , is represented by the shaded region
K
2
The area bounded by the curves,
as
R.
NE

Ph.: 0651-2562523, 9835508812, 8507613968
______________________________________________________________________________

It can be observed that the required area is symmetrical about y-axis.
Required area = 2 [ Area (OCAO) – Area (OCADO)]
 2   xdx   x 2 dx 
1 1
 0 0 
HI S S
  x 2 1  x3 1 
 2      
ES
NC A K'   2  0  3  0 
1 1
 2  
 2 3
RA C I
1 1
 2    units
6 3
S
AL
L
Question 13:
ON M
Using the method of integration find the area of the triangle ABC, coordinates of whose vertices
are A (2, 0), B (4, 5) and C (6, 3)
Solution 13:
The vertices of ∆ABC are A (2, 0), B (4, 5), and C (6, 3).
WT .
K
R.
NE

Ph.: 0651-2562523, 9835508812, 8507613968
______________________________________________________________________________

Equation of line segment AB is
HI S S
50
y0   x  2
ES
NC A K' 42
2 y  5 x  10
5
y   x  2 ... 1
2
RA C I
Equation of line segment BC is
35
S
y 5   x  4
AL
64
2 y  10  2 x  8
2 y  2 x  18
L
y  x  9 ...  2 
ON M
Equation of line segment CA is

03
y 3   x  6
26
WT .
4 y  12  3 x  18
4 y  3x  6
K
3
y  x  2  ...  3
4
Area (∆ABC) = Area (ABLA) + Area (BLMCB) – Area (ACMA)
R.
45 63
   x  2  dx     x  9  dx    x  2  dx
6
2 2 4 2 4
NE

Ph.: 0651-2562523, 9835508812, 8507613968
______________________________________________________________________________
4 6 6
5  x2    x2  3  x2 

   2x    9x    2x
2 2 2  2 4 4  2 2
5 3
 8  8  2  4   18  54  8  36  18  12  2  4 
2 4
3
 5  8  8
4
 13  6
 7 units
Question 14:
Using the method of integration find the area of the region bounded by lines:
2x + y = 4, 3x – 2y = 6 and x – 3y + 5 = 0
HI S S
Solution 14:
The given equations of lines are
ES
NC A K' 2x + y = 4 … (1)
3x – 2y = 6 … (2)
And, x – 3y + 5 = 0 … (3)
RA C I
S
AL
L
ON M
WT .
K
The area of the region bounded by the lines is the area of ∆ABC. AL and CM are the
R.
perpendiculars on x-axis.
Area (∆ABC) = Area (ALMCA) – Area (ALB) – Area (CMB)
4 x  5  2 4  3x  6 
  dx     4  2 x  dx     dx
NE
1
 3  1 2
 2 

Ph.: 0651-2562523, 9835508812, 8507613968
______________________________________________________________________________
4 4
1  x2  1  3x 2 

2
   5 x    4 x  x 2     6x
3 2 1
1 2 2 2
1 1  1
 8  20   5  8  4  4  1   24  24  6  12 
3 2  2
 1 45  1
     1   6 
3 2  2
15
 1 3
2
15 15  8 7
 4  units
2 2 2
Question 15:
HI S S
Find the area of the region  x, y  : y 2
 4 x.4 x 2  4 y 2  9
ES
NC A K' Solution 15:
The area bounded by the curves,  x, y  : y 2
 4 x.4 x 2  4 y 2  9 , is represented as
RA C I
S
AL
L
ON M
WT .
K
1  1 
The points of intersection of both the curves are  , 2  and  ,  2  .
2  2 
R.
The required area is given by OABCO.

It can be observed that area OABCO is symmetrical about x-axis.
∴ Area OABCO = 2 × Area OBC
Area OBCO = Area OMC + Area MBC
NE

Ph.: 0651-2562523, 9835508812, 8507613968
______________________________________________________________________________
1 3

1
  2 2 xdx  12 9  4 x 2 dx
0
2 2
1 3
1
  2 xdx    3   2 x 
2 2
2 2
1 dx
0
2 2
Question 16:
Area bounded by the curve y = x3, the x-axis and the ordinates x = –2 and x = 1 is
A. – 9
15
B. 
4
15
C.
4
HI S S
17
D.
4
ES
NC A K' Solution 16:
RA C I
S
AL
L
ON M
WT .
1

K
Required area = ydx

2
1
  x3dx
2
1
 x4 
R.
 
 4  2
NE

Ph.: 0651-2562523, 9835508812, 8507613968
______________________________________________________________________________
 1 (2) 4 

  4 
4 
1  15
  4    units
4  4
Question 17:
The area bounded by the curve y  x x , x-axis and the ordinates x = –1 and x = 1 is given by
[Hint: y = x2 if x > 0 and y = –x2 if x < 0]
A.0
1
B.
3
HI S S
2
C.
ES
3
NC A K' D.
4
3
Solution 17:
RA C I
S
AL
L
ON M
WT .
1
Required area =  ydx
K
1
1
  x x dx
1
0 1
  x 2 dx   x 2 dx
1
R.
0
0 1
 x3   x3 
   
 3  1  3  0
NE

Ph.: 0651-2562523, 9835508812, 8507613968
______________________________________________________________________________
 1 1

   
 3 3
2
 units
3
Thus, the correct answer is C.
Question 18:
The area of the circle x2 + y2 = 16 exterior to the parabola y2 = 6x is
A.
4
3

4  3 
B.
4
3
4  3 
C.
4

8  3 
HI S S
3
ES
NC A K' D.
4
3

8  3 
Solution 18:
The given equations are
x2 + y2 = 16 … (1)
RA C I
y2 = 6x … (2)
S
AL
L
ON M
WT .
K
Area bounded by the circle and parabola

 2  Area  OADO   Area  ADBA  
R.
 2   16 xdx   16  x 2 dx 
2 4
 0 2 
NE

Ph.: 0651-2562523, 9835508812, 8507613968
______________________________________________________________________________
  3 2 

  x2   x 16 x
4
 2  6     2  16  x 2  sin 1 
 3  2 2 4 2
  2 0 
2
2  32     1 
 2 6   x   2 8.  16  4  8sin 1   
3  0  2  2 


4 6
3
 

2 2  2  4  12  8 
 6
16 3 8
  8  4 3  
3 3
4
  4 3  6  3 3  2 
3
4
  3  4 
HI S S
3
4
  4  3  units
ES
NC A K' 3
Area of circle = π (r)2
= π (4)2
= 16π units
RA C I
4
 Required area = 16 -  4  3 
S
3
AL
4
  4  3  4  3 
3
4

 8  3 units 
L
ON M
3
Thus, the correct answer is C.
WT .
Question 19:
K

The area bounded by the y-axis, y = cos x and y = sin x when 0  x 
2
A. 2  2 1
R.
B. 2 1
C. 2 1
D. 2
NE

Ph.: 0651-2562523, 9835508812, 8507613968
______________________________________________________________________________
Solution 19:

The given equations are
y = cos x … (1)
And, y = sin x … (2)
Required area = Area (ABLA) + area (OBLO)

1
HI S S
1
  1 xdy   2 xdy
0
ES
2
NC A K' 1 1
  1 cos 1 ydy   1 sin 1 xdy
2 2
Integrating by parts, we obtain

1
RA C I
1
  y cos 1 y  1  y 2    x sin 1 x  1  x 2  2
  1  0
S
2
AL
 1  1  1  1 1  1  1 
 cos 1 1  cos 1    1     sin    1   1
 2  2 2  2  2 2 
 
L
1 1
    1
ON M
4 2 2 4 2 2
2
 1
2
WT .
 2  1units
K

dt
Put 2x = t  dx =
2
3 1
R.
When x = , t = 3 and when x = , t = 1

2 2
1
1 3
  2 2 xdx   3   t 
4 1
2 2
dt
NE

Ph.: 0651-2562523, 9835508812, 8507613968
______________________________________________________________________________
1

 3 2
 x2  1  t
3
9 1  t  
 2     9  t  sin   
2
3
  4 2 2  3  1
 2 0
 3

2  1  1  3 9  3   1 9  1  
 2       9   3  sin 1      9  1  sin 1   

2 2 2
 3  2   4  2 2  3   2 2  3  
 
2 1  9  1 9  1  
   0  sin 1 1    8  sin 1   
3 2 4  2  2 2  3  
2 1  9 9  1 
    2  sin 1   
3 4 4 2  3 
2 9 2 9 1  1 
    sin  
3 16 4 8 3
HI S S
9 9 1  1  2
  sin   
ES
NC A K' 16 8  3  12
  9 9 1  1  2   9 9 1  1  1
Therefore, the required area is  2    sin        sin    units
  16 8  3  12   8 4 3 3 2
RA C I
S
AL
L
ON M
WT .
K
R.
NE

Ph.: 0651-2562523, 9835508812, 8507613968
th
Office.: 606 , 6 Floor, Hariom Tower, Circular Road, Ranchi-1, Ph.: 0651-2562523, 9835508812, 8228920542

Chapter 8 - Application of Integrals

Hochgeladen von

Dokumentinformationen

Originaltitel

Copyright

Verfügbare Formate

Dieses Dokument teilen

Dokument teilen oder einbetten

Freigabeoptionen

Stufen Sie dieses Dokument als nützlich ein?

Sind diese Inhalte unangemessen?

Copyright:

Verfügbare Formate

Chapter 8 - Application of Integrals

Hochgeladen von

Copyright:

Verfügbare Formate

R. K. MALIK’S JEE (MAIN & ADV.

R. K. MALIK'S NEWTON CLASSES, RANCHI

MAKE YOUR CONCEPTS CRYSTAL CLEAR

R. K. MALIK'S NEWTON CLASSES, RANCHI

MAKE YOUR CONCEPTS CRYSTAL CLEAR

R. K. MALIK'S NEWTON CLASSES, RANCHI

MAKE YOUR CONCEPTS CRYSTAL CLEAR

R. K. MALIK'S NEWTON CLASSES, RANCHI

Therefore, area bounded by the ellipse = 4 × 3π = 12π units

Find the area of the region bounded by the ellipse

MAKE YOUR CONCEPTS CRYSTAL CLEAR

R. K. MALIK'S NEWTON CLASSES, RANCHI

MAKE YOUR CONCEPTS CRYSTAL CLEAR

R. K. MALIK'S NEWTON CLASSES, RANCHI

MAKE YOUR CONCEPTS CRYSTAL CLEAR

R. K. MALIK'S NEWTON CLASSES, RANCHI

MAKE YOUR CONCEPTS CRYSTAL CLEAR

R. K. MALIK'S NEWTON CLASSES, RANCHI

It can be observed that the given area is symmetrical about x-axis.

MAKE YOUR CONCEPTS CRYSTAL CLEAR

R. K. MALIK'S NEWTON CLASSES, RANCHI

The given area is symmetrical about y-axis.

MAKE YOUR CONCEPTS CRYSTAL CLEAR

The point of intersection of parabola, x2 = y, and line, y = x, is A (1, 1).

R. K. MALIK'S NEWTON CLASSES, RANCHI

Let A and B be the points of intersection of the line and parabola.

It can be observed that,

MAKE YOUR CONCEPTS CRYSTAL CLEAR

Area OBAO = Area OBCO + Area OACO … (1)

R. K. MALIK'S NEWTON CLASSES, RANCHI

MAKE YOUR CONCEPTS CRYSTAL CLEAR

R. K. MALIK'S NEWTON CLASSES, RANCHI

Therefore, the required area is 8 3 units.

MAKE YOUR CONCEPTS CRYSTAL CLEAR

R. K. MALIK'S NEWTON CLASSES, RANCHI

The area bounded by the curve, y2 = 4x, y-axis, and y = 3 is represented as

MAKE YOUR CONCEPTS CRYSTAL CLEAR

R. K. MALIK'S NEWTON CLASSES, RANCHI

Thus, the correct answer is B.

MAKE YOUR CONCEPTS CRYSTAL CLEAR

R. K. MALIK'S NEWTON CLASSES, RANCHI

We draw BM perpendicular to OA.

Therefore, the coordinates of M are  2,0 . 

MAKE YOUR CONCEPTS CRYSTAL CLEAR

R. K. MALIK'S NEWTON CLASSES, RANCHI

On solving the equations, (x – 1)2 + y2 = 1 and x2 + y2 = 1, we obtain the point of intersection

It can be observed that the required area is symmetrical about x-axis.

MAKE YOUR CONCEPTS CRYSTAL CLEAR

R. K. MALIK'S NEWTON CLASSES, RANCHI

  1      sin   1  sin  1  sin  1 

Find the area of the region bounded by the curves y = x2 + 2, y = x, x = 0 and x = 3

MAKE YOUR CONCEPTS CRYSTAL CLEAR

Then, Area OCBAO = Area ODBAO – Area ODCO

R. K. MALIK'S NEWTON CLASSES, RANCHI

Equation of line segment AB is

MAKE YOUR CONCEPTS CRYSTAL CLEAR

Equation of line segment BC is

R. K. MALIK'S NEWTON CLASSES, RANCHI

It can be observed that,

MAKE YOUR CONCEPTS CRYSTAL CLEAR

R. K. MALIK'S NEWTON CLASSES, RANCHI

It can be observed that,

Thus, the correct answer is B.