PARENTS’ PERCEPTIONS ON K to 12 CURRICULUM PROGRAM

A Research Paper Proposal Presented to the Faculty of

San Julian National High School

In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement in

Practical Research I

"CYBER MILLINEALS"

Marilyn E. Tulagan

Rhea Lyn Quitaneg Lauro Alcantara

Ginalyn Macaraeg Kennedy Macaranas

Lorey Dean Ramos Benjie Segundo

Mae Anne Arenas Mark Jumel Domantay

Venus Caragan

OCTOBER 2017
 CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

Background of the Study

President Benigno Aquino III on Wednesday,May 15, signed the

enhanced Basic Education Act of 2013 into Law, more commonly known as the k

to 12 program.

Filipinos are known to be competitive in the international community

.However our current education hinders vs. from becoming more competitive

.Starting in the 2012 -2013 school year, the education system of the Philippine

was enhanced from the year of basic education to a 12-year program through an

initiative called the k-12 Education Plan in sponsored by the Department of

Education.

K to 12 (also k-12) is an education system under the Department of

Education that aims to enhance learners basic skills ,produce more competent

citizens, and prepare graduates for lifelong learning and employment ."K" stand

for kindergarten and "12" refers to the succeeding 12 years of basic education (6

years of Elementary Education, 4 years of Junior High School and 2 years of

Senior High School).

The implementation of k-12 plan in the Philippine Basic Education

Curriculum is the key to our nation’s development .Though the Government faces
many problems as it implements the program over the course of several years ,it

is necessary improvement since increasing the quality of our education is critical

to our nations success .

The goal of the k-12 Basic Education Program is to create a functional

basic education system that will produce productive and responsible citizen

equipped with the essential competencies and skills for both life. Long learning

and employed. The program will enhance the basic education system to full

functionality to fulfill the basic learning needs of students. This is in live with the

agenda of President Aquino of having quality education as a long term solution to

poverty.

Truly, the implementation of k-12 program of the department of education.

Is a great help to every students, but some which has noble purpose for every

Filipino pupil of student. Butthen, some parents were not convinceof this program

from their own view this is another burden on the part of the students and

parents. It will add to the financial problem to their family, and the advantage of

implementing this program are for the people who wants to continue studying or

work abroad because the curriculum is almost parallel to other countries. This is

some of the problems that this going to focus on and hear the sentiments of the

parents regarding implementation of k-12 curriculum.

“If nothing even changed ,there'd be no butterflies ".The onset of k to 12

Curriculum School Year 2012-2013 has certainlyrippled the waters of our

stagnant pond .People's especially paint’s speculation on what would be the

outcome of thek-12 flocks to the field of inquires in school .Even the teachers

themselves are somewhat apprehensive of the implementationofthe Grade 1 and

Grade 7 of the K to 12 Curriculum .However ,our educational leaders are one w/

the teachers in propagating the good news of the K-12 Curriculum to the farthest

corners of the Philippine .Our teachers are also doing their best in order to

achieve the desired outcome of this change .The people behind their big

changein the educational curriculum are optimistic that Filipino will support the

said program.After all,according to Charles Darwin, "It is not the strongest of the

species that survive the most intelligent,but the ones most response to change”.
IMPORTANCE OF THE STUDY

This study will be of benefit to the following:

Parents. Parents’ scene and outlook about their children going through K-

12 Curriculum. However every parents will give a agreeably chance to

understanding their knows and the views and opinions of other parent's who's

endure with the same process will familiarize them.

Students. This will give them an idea on how their life when they are in k-

12 and cope with their changes while they are going in that stage, and will give

them clear and wider concept about how other anticipate their different changes.

The research paper take an important steps in distinguish the culturally

applicable factors that might enhance the wellbeing and life options of students.

Community. A not-so good or negative views about k-12 will be enlighten

and will give them a wider concept among the community. It will enlightened the

foresee view of others and be enlightened with these phenomena.

Researchers.I could contribute the researchers perception on how you

could lead, inspire the youth and assist them become a responsible of

themselves.

Other researchers.The study can give them concept and perception in

conducting same studies. The research will demonstrate both same and unique

features of students experience and add on important bulk to existing knowledge

about k-12 curriculum.

Researchers’ Background

AccordingResearcher Januaryher mothers’ observation in K-12

Curriculum is not yet implemented here in the Philippinesespecially when you are

studying in rural they are lack of teachers buildings and facilities for senior high

school and also my mother has a concerned of K-12 because it is just an

additional expenses for the parents.

And this is a stressful for some students who wanted a four years degree

because it takes six years for graduating in collage because of this K-12

Curriculum that is why they are disagree in this program.

Based on Researcher Februaryhis parent perception regarding K-12

Curriculum, first it’s not helpful because instead their child will turn early into

college they need to undertake Grade 11 and 12 which added to their studies

maybe in some other part it has an advantages. Advantage because it gave an

opportunity to those parents who are incapable to support their children until

college and it gave on opportunity to the other students to gain a different skill.

According to Researcher March, his fathers’perception in this K-12

Curriculum Program is really good for students because they can gain more

knowledge and skills which they will use in their future career, less expenses for

parents because even in 2 years course we have a good job in future.

 K-12 program is helpful for students and parents who are incapable to

support the buildings in colleges and this K-12 Curriculum is a preparation for our

brightest future.

According to Researcher Aprilhis parents perception regarding in K-12

Curriculum is good for parents because of less expenses,especially to those

students who don't have the courage to enter college, this program is a

preparation in their future because after graduating in Senior High School they

can find a good job that suit to their courses.

K-12 Curriculum will lead us into some path ways or what we called the

exits, which is employment if you wanted to work after graduation or

entrepreneur, you are prepared for your small business, or college if you wanted

to pursue your studies and lastly middle skills development.

Accordingto Researcher Mayher mothers’ perception in K-12 Curriculum

is good for the students because when they are graduated in Senior High School

they have an opportunity to have a job that is related to their course. Those

people who are lack of money that can't afford the tuition fees will have an

opportunity to have a good job when they wanted to work.

K-12 Program has been developed to lead you to one of four cores path

ways of exists including 1.)Employment 2.)Middle skills development

3.)Entrepreneur and 4.)Higher education.

 According to Researcher June her parents’ perception about K-12

Curriculum made to equipped the students and enhance the quality of

educations. Because of the whole world especially in the Philippines which has

really poor.This is made also to give a chance for those students who are

incapable to pursue their studies in college, K-12 offers strand to students of

choose their best option that would be helpful for them.

According to Researcher July his father’s observation in K-12 Curriculum is

really helpful for the students and also those who stopped in college because

they have a chance to study in this K-12 and also they gain more knowledge

ideas instead of “tambays”. This K-12 Curriculum is helpful for parents and

students because after they graduated in Senior High they are more prepared for

work they will be equipped with the skills to either start their family business.

Based on Researcher Octoberher mother observation about this K-12

Curriculum was causing stress for co- parents and students. Implementing K-12

is just a waste of money they didn't recognized this as a helpful for some

students who don't have enough money for steering college. Additional 2 years of

studying is a burden in every student and parents because of additional

expenses.And also this K-12 Curriculum added 2 years is just a pressure for

students this program is just a waste of time instead of early graduation they

need to undertake this k-12 curriculum.

 According to Researcher November her mother's perception in K-12

Curriculum is, it is said to be very beneficial because it requires all Filipino

students to have one year at Kindergarten, six years of Elementary Schooling

(grades 1 to 6), four years at Junior High School (grades 7 to 10) and two years

of Senior High School (grades 11 to 12). It gives more benefits just like it requires

advance ament preparedness for tertiary learning, readiness to join the workforce

and lastly it gives additional skill competency in the global job market. Her mother

is agree in implementing this curriculum because also, it gives the other parents

an opportunity to save money for two years for the preparation of tertiary level of

their offspring.

According to Researcher December her parents perception about K-12 is

helpful for the students this curriculum will help them for the less expenses.And

also this will help the students to be more attentive and serious in this studies.

K-12 curriculum is preparation for future and college life because everything

they teach is an advance in college so this curriculum is a helpful for all parents

and students.
Statement of the Problem

1. What was the life of the parents having a child being part of K-12

Curriculum Program?

2. What do the parents understand about the implementation of the K-12

Curriculum?

3. What are the advantages and disadvantages on implementing this K-12

Curriculum?

4. How will the parents cope with the situation during this kind of curriculum?

Working Hypothesis

Non-directional, theoretical hypotheses formulated for the study

were the following:

1. The parents believe that the additional two years of basic education or K-

12 Curriculum is beneficial to their children to become more productive

and progressive.

2. The parents believe that the additional two years of basic education or the

K-12 Curriculum is another burden to their children's life.

 CHAPTER II

METHODOLOGY

This chapter deals in describing the methods to be used by the

Researchers, importance of the research, and how it will be conducted by

the researchers.

Research Design

We the researcher will use qualitative research having a type of this

research which is the "phenomenology", otherwise known as hermeneutics

("understanding") as the most appropriate approach for this study since it

explores lived experiences of Parents’ Perception in Implementing K-12

Curriculum Program. (Polit and Beck 2008)

The goal of qualitative phenomenological research is to describe a "lived

experience" of a phenomenon. As this is a qualitative analysis of narrative data,

methods to analyze its data must be quite different from more traditional or

quantitative methods of research. Essentially, you are focused on meaning, the

meaning of the experience, behavior and narrative. Any way the participant can

describe their lived phenomenal experience can be used to gather data in a

phenomenological study. We will use an interview to gather the participants'

descriptions of their experience, or the participants' written or oral self-report, an

observation of their behavior. (Dr. Janet Waters)

 The focus of phenomenological inquiry is what people experience in

regard to some phenomenon or other and how they interpret those experiences.

A phenomenological research study is a study that attempts to understand

people's perceptions, perspectives and understandings of a particular situation

(or phenomenon). The objective of this study was to enrich the literature of

perceptions of Parents in Implementing K-12 Curriculum Program. Data was

gathered through qualitative methods using interviews. (Noman and Kaur)

Sources of Data

A. Research Setting

B. Sampling

Non-probability sampling, specifically purposive sampling, was used for

the study. Otherwise known as judgmental, selective or subjective sampling, it

entails that the basis of selection is the researcher`s knowledge about the

population which can be used to hand-pick sample members (Polit & Beck,

2008). The main goal of purposive sampling is to focus on particular

characteristics of the population of interest, which shall be enabled the

researcher to answer his research queries. The sample being studied is not

representative of the population, but for the researcher`s pursuing qualitative

or mixed method research designs. (Lund &Lund, 2010)

Research Instrument

A. Instrumentation and Data Collection

Longitudinal open-ended interview, a type of qualitative self-report, was

use as the main data collection instrument throughout the study. The researcher

prepared in advance a written topic guide, which is alert of areas or questions to

be covered with each participant. The interviewer's function was to encourage

subjects to talk freely about all the topics on the list, and to tell stories in their

own words. This technique, ensured that researcher’s had obtained all the topics

required and gave people the freedom to respond in their own words providing

much detail as they wish, and offer illustrations and explanations (Polit&Beck,

2008).

Writing a good open-ended question is a tricky balancing act: It should

promptthe respondents to provide useful information, but also give them the

freedom to respond as they choose.

Theresearchers decided that the constructed guide questionnaire must

translate into Filipino. This was done for the subjects who have difficulty

understanding English or for those who wish to have Longitudinal open-ended

interview guide in Filipino or the vernacular (local language).

Peer translation was done to ensure the soundness of translation in

different language.
 The researcher allowed the respondents to choose the language he or

she is comfortable with, sometimespreferring use of the vernacular (local

language) Pangasinense. The chosen language was used throughout the

session,and subjects were allowed transverse between languages when

answering the questions. The group choose among themselves whom can

understand both languages, and converse in the same manner so that subjects

would feel comfortable during the interview.

Letter of notification was given to the key people in each barangay, and

included barangay captains and the like. The researcher also gave an letter of

consent totheir principal in the school.

The researcher alsoensured anonymity by giving code names to

informants for identification. These were recorded on the transcript or reflexive

notes which were saved along with the electronic audio file of the interview.

Using these notes, it allowed the researchers to record salient data regarding

subject responses as well as researcher reflections about surroundings

interruptions, verbalized sounds or non-verbal responses fresh from the source

that depending heavily on memory.

The researcher also indicated to the respondents how long the interview

usually took place.

In starting the interview, researcher must greet the respondents politely

like "Good morning" or "Good afternoon". During the interview proper, the
researcher maintained a distance of two(2) to three (3) feet from the respondent

while interview was in progress. A tape recorded oran electronic audio recorded

was used by the researchers. The tape or device was concealed from the

respondents so as they won't feel anxious or doubtful, therefore feel that the

interview wassimply a plain conversation.Through thismanner, more accurate

responses would be yielded. ( Sana, 2012)

When the interview was done, the researchers expressed their gratitude

for the respondent's participation in the study. The researcher looked for more

respondents until the saturation point was reached. The electronically recorded

information will be destroyed, deleted and disposed accordingly by the

researchers after reviewing them to ensure confidentiality. (Sana, 2012)

To establish rigor and integrity, Lincoln and Guba's (1985) persistent

observation technique was employed in the study. This is the investment of

sufficient time collectingboth verbal and non- verbal data to have in-depth

understanding of the views of people under study, to test for misinformationand

distortions, and to ensure saturation of important categories. (Polit andBeck,

2008)

It was also essential for building trust and rapport with informants, which in

turn ensured that useful,accurate and rich information wasobtained (Polit&Beck,

2008). Thus, the researchers needed to ensure that adequate time and
resources to stay engaged in fieldwork for a sufficiently long period of time. The

researcher must maintain their time frame during the interview.

B. Trustworthiness, Dependability and Confirmability

Trustworthiness or credibility is viewed by Lincoln andCuba (1985) as an

overriding goal of qualitative research and is a criterion identified in Whitmore

and associates (2001) review. To assure credibility, reflexivity needs to be used

to avoid participate expectation and researcher bias by accounting and reporting

all go the information that may have affected data collection, analysis and

interpretation that has to do with the researchers participants beliefs, attitude

etc. It involves two aspects: first carrying out the study in a way that enhances

believability of finding's, and second taking steps to demonstrate credibility to

external readers (Polit & Beck, 2008).

Trustworthiness:

Trustworthiness is established when the findings of the research checked

the meanings by the participants. Audiorecordings of interviews with

corresponding verbatim typewritten transcriptions served as the hard data.

Coordination with the transcriber was conducted before interviews commenced

and only one transcriber was appointed. To insurethat all data and transcriptions

were consistent. Self-translations wereverified by the researchers.

Credibility:

Credibility insures the resultsof qualitative research are credible or

believable from the perspective of the participants in the research. Focus is on

whether or not the study measures/ investigates what it intended.

Triangulationcan add to credibility trustworthiness.

Dependability:

-Dependability ensures that the research findings are consistent and could

be repeated. This is measured by the standard of which the research is

conducted, analysed and presented. Each process in the study should be

reported in detail to enable an external researcher to repeat the inquiry and

achieve similar results. This also enables researchers to understand the methods

and their effectiveness.

Confirmability:

Confirmability questions how theresearch findings are supported by the

data collected. This is a process to establish whether the researcherhas been

bias during the study; this is due to the assumption that qualitative research

allows the research to bring a unique perspective to the study. An external

researcher can judge whether this is the case by studying the data collected

during the original inquiry. To enhance the conformability of the initialconclusion,

and audit trail can be completed throughout the studyto demonstrate how each

decision was made.