4.4.2.

6 SRF Theory-Based Control Algorithm of DSTATCOMs

The synchronous reference frame theory is reported in the literature for the control of
DSTATCOMs. A block diagram of the control algorithm is shown in Figure 4.28. The load
currents (iLa, iLb, iLc), PCC voltages (vsa, vsb, vsc), and DC bus voltage (vDC) of the DSTATCOM
are sensed as feedback signals. The load currents in the three phases are converted into the dq0
frame using the Park’s transformation as follows:

1
cos 𝜃 −sin 𝜃
𝑖𝐿𝑞 2 𝑖
2 2𝜋 2𝜋 1 𝐿𝑎
[𝑖𝐿𝑑 ] = cos (𝜃 − ) −sin (𝜃 − ) [𝑖𝐿𝑏 ]
3 3 3 2 𝑖
𝑖𝐿𝑜
2𝜋 2𝜋 1 𝐿𝑐
[cos (𝜃 + 3 ) sin (𝜃 + 3 ) 2]

A three-phase PLL (phase locked loop) is used to synchronize these signals with the PCC
voltages. These d–q current components are then passed through a LPF to extract the DC
components of iLd and iLq. The d-axis and q-axis currents consist of fundamental and harmonic
components as

𝑖𝐿𝑑 = 𝑖𝑑𝐷𝑐 + 𝑖𝑑𝐴𝑐 ……………

𝑖𝐿𝑞 = 𝑖𝑞𝐷𝑐 + 𝑖𝑞𝐴𝑐 … … … … … ..
A SRF controller extracts DC quantities by a LPF and hence the non-DC quantities are separated
from the reference signals. It can be operated in UPF and ZVR modes as shown below.

4.4.2.6.1 UPF Operation of DSTATCOMs

The control strategy for reactive power compensation for UPF operation considers that the
supply must deliver the DC component of the direct-axis component of the load current (idDC)
along with the active power component for maintaining the DC bus and meeting the losses (iloss)
in the DSTATCOM. The output of the PI controller at the DC bus voltage of the DSTATCOM is
considered as the current (iloss)
for meeting its losses:

𝑖𝑙𝑜𝑠𝑠 (𝑛) = 𝑖𝑙𝑜𝑠𝑠 (𝑛 − 1) + 𝐾𝑝𝑑 {𝑣𝑑𝑒 (𝑛) − 𝑣𝑑𝑒 (𝑛 − 1)} + 𝐾𝑖𝑑 𝑣𝑑𝑒 (𝑛)
where vde n v*DC n vDC n is the error between the reference v*DC and the sensed (vDC) DC voltage
at the nth sampling instant, and Kpd and Kid are the proportional and integral gain constants of the
DC bus voltage PI controller, respectively.

Therefore, the reference direct-axis supply current is

𝑖𝑑∗ = 𝑖𝑑𝐷𝐶 + 𝑖𝑙𝑜𝑠𝑠

The reference supply current must be in phase with the voltage at PCC but with no zero-
sequence component. It is therefore obtained by the following reverse Park’s transformation with
i*d as in Equation 4.54 and i*q and i*0 as zero:

cos 𝜃 sin 𝜃 1
∗
𝑖𝑠𝑎 2𝜋 2𝜋 𝑖𝑑∗
∗ cos (𝜃 − ) sin (𝜃 − ) 1 ∗
[𝑖𝑠𝑏 ] = 3 3 [𝑖𝑞 ]
∗
𝑖𝑠𝑐 2𝜋 2𝜋 𝑖𝑜∗
[ cos (𝜃 + ) sin (𝜃 + ) 1 ]
3 3