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ON
Production of fuel oil from municipal plastic
waste
Guidance Submitted by –
Dr. Arun kansal Shubhang awasthi
(13/ICE/047)
Introduction
The growth of plastic production has been increasing drastically as it
is widely used in many type of product industry due to its low cost and
advantages to the population. But on the other side it being non bio-
degradable i.e. not easily decomposed makes it a problem to the
environment.
Plastic waste –
Generally the municipal plastic waste contains about 3-5 wt%
PVC, 5-8 wt% PET, 15-20 wt% PP, 20-25 wt% LDPE, HDPE 10-
15 wt%, 7-10 wt% of ABS, Nylon, etc.
The National production capacity is capable of fulfilling not even 30% of the
total fuel demand. Remaining 70% is fulfilled by importing crude oil.
So, This technique will help in the disposal of plastic waste and will also help in
fulfilling the national oil demand of our country.
Process involved in the fuel generation
Two processes are involved in the conversion of waste plastic into fuel oil.
CONDENSER –
The gaseous output from the reactor is passed through a double walled
condenser with inlets and outlets for cooling water. The gaseous hydrocarbons at a
temperature of around 350 °C are condensed to around 30-35 °C .
RECEIVER –
The condensed hydrocarbon in the liquid form is collected in the receiver.
The provision is made for collecting the uncondensed gases in to gas collector. The
arrangement to measure the volume & rate of flow of distillate continuously or
intermittently at any point of time is made in this section.
CONTROL PANEL –
The complete process is controlled from the control panel.
Optionally the process can also be controlled from a Computer. The continuous feed
back of the process parameters is available on the Control Panel and the Computer. The
data generated is stored in the computer.
RESEARCH
PAPER
STUDIED
Journal Author & Materials Abstract Methedology
Published used
year
Fuel oil Mochamad • Feedstock used • Aim of this • The pyrolytic &
production from syamsiro, Harwin for the experiment was to catalyst reforming
municipal Saptoadi, Tinton experiment are study fuel oil reactor are made of
Plastic waste in Narsujianto, Putri of three types of production from stainless steel &
sequential Noviasri, Shuo MPW i.e. pyrolysis & covered with an
pyrolysis & cheng, Zainal Polyethylene catalytic electrical heater.
catalytic Alimuddin, Kunio bags with PE reforming process • 1.6– 2.6 Kg of
reforming Yoshikawa bag 2 & HDPE feedstock is fed
reactors. Published date – waste. • Feedstock types into pyrolytic &
4 february 2014 strongly affect the reforming reactor
• Catalyst used yield & quality of & was set at 450
in this process product. degree c.
are commercial • Then, 100 gm of
Y Zeolite & • Catalyst catalyst is added to
Natural zeolite . presence reduced reforming reactor
the liquid fraction where pyrolisis gas
& increase the is formed.
gaseous fraction. • Reforming Gas
was condensed to
liquid products in
the condenser.
Results
o Effect on properties of liquid product from various feedstock.
PE bag 1 produced highest gasoline fraction & PE bag 2 produced highest diesel
fraction. Kinematic viscosity was greater for HDPE waste. Pour point was higher for
all of the three. Flash points were lower than that of diesel fuels.
Properties Units PE bag 1 HDPE waste PE bag 2 Test method
Density @ g/cm3 0.8544 0.7991 0.824 ASTM D1298
15°C
Kinematic cSt 1.739 2.319 1.838 ASTM D 445
viscosity
@ 40°C
Flash Degree <10 <10 <10 ASTM D 93
point c
Pour point Degree 24 27 24 ASTM D 97
c
Water % vol. 0.1 0.5 Trace ASTM D95
content
Heating MJ/Kg 41.45 42.82 46.67 ASTM D240
value
o Effect on properties of liquid products for
different catalysts.
Pyrolysis with natural Zeolite catalyst produced higher liquid
product campared to Y Zeolite. Heating value of WPO is similar to
those of commercial fuels.
Properties Units No catalyst Y Zeolite Natural
Zeolite