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Barton-Choubey

The original Barton equation for the shear strength of a rock joint is given by Eqn.2a:

Eqn.2a

where is the basic friction angle of the failure surface, JRC is the joint roughness coefficient,
and JCS is the joint wall compressive strength [Barton, 1973, 1976]. On the basis of direct
shear test results for 130 samples of variably weathered rock joints, Barton and Choubey
revised this to Eqn.2b:

Eqn.2b

where is the residual friction angle of the failure surface [Barton and Choubey, 1977].

Barton and Choubey suggest that can be estimated from Eqn.2c:

Eqn.2c

where r is the Schmidt hammer rebound number on wet and weathered fracture surfaces and
R is the Schmidt rebound number on dry unweathered sawn surfaces.

Barton, N.R. and Choubey, V. 1977. The shear strength of rock joints in theory
and practice. Rock Mech. 10(1-2), 1-54.
Shear strength of rock discontinuities

Figure 5: Roughness profiles and corresponding JRC values (After Barton and Choubey 1977).

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Shear strength of rock discontinuities

Straight edge

Asperity amplitude - mm

Length of profile - m

400 20

Joint Roughness Coefficient (JRC)


300 16
12
200 10
8
6
100 5
4
3
50
Amplitude of asperities - mm

40 2
30
20 1

10 0.5

5
4
3
2

0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2

0.1
0.1 0.2 0.3 0.5 1 2 3 4 5 10
Length of profile - m

Figure 6: Alternative method for estimating JRC from measurements of surface


roughness amplitude from a straight edge (Barton 1982).

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Shear strength of rock discontinuities

Average dispersion of strength


for most rocks - MPa

200

250
100

150
50

3
Unit weight of rock - kN/m
+ + + + | +

32
| | | |

30
400
350

28
300
250

26
200
Uniaxial compressive strength - MPa

24
150

22
20
100
90
80
70
60
50

40

Hammer orientation
30

20

10
0 10 20 30 40 50 60

0 10 20 30 40 50 60

0 10 20 30 40 50 60

0 10 20 30 40 50 60

0 10 20 30 40 50 60

Schmidt hardness - Type L hammer

Figure 7: Estimate of joint wall compressive strength from Schmidt hardness.

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