Number System 6.

NUMBER SYSTEM Imaginary number can’t be plotted on the number

line, or they can’t be felt or experienced in the real
word.
NUMBERS : Numbers is a word or symbol, or a
combination of words or symbols, used in counting TYPES OF REAL NUMBER
several things.
1. Rational Number - A number which can be
experienced as a fraction p / q, where p and q are
2
integers and q  0. The term rational comes from
word ‘ratio’.

2. Irrational Number - Irrational numbers have

decimal expansions that can neither be terminated nor
can be periodic.
Work out to understand rational and irrational
numbers clearly.
TYPES OF NUMBERS 8 10 22
= 1.6, = 3.333....., = 3.142857142857....
1. Complex Number : A complex number is a 5 3 7
number that can be expressed in the form ‘a + When we divide any co-prime numbers we may get,
bi’, where ‘a’ and ‘b’ are real numbers and ‘i’ is i) Terminating result e.g., 1.6
the imaginary unit, satisfying the equation i2 = ii) Non- terminating but repeating numbers e.g.,
-1. In this equation, a is the real part and b is 3.333........., 3.142857142857...............
the imaginary part of the complex number.
WHAT ABOUT 2
2. Real Number : Real number is a number that
can be expressed on the number line. In other words,
While finding value of 2 , it can be observed
all the real numbers can be felt or experienced in the
that divisor changes, it means remainder may repeat
2 1 but quoteint never repeat. This type of divison is
real world. E.g., 3, 0, , 0.555, -1 , etc . called non-terminating, non-repeating and this type
3 2
of number is called irrational numbers. It means all
3. Imaginary Number : We all know that square roots numbers which can’t be written as an integers
of positive number or negative number is always a is called irrational numbers. E.g., 7 , 5 ,2 3 ,
positive number. E.g., 52 = 25, (-52) = 25 13
15 , etc.
Assume square of a number is negative, n2 = -25
(only assumption, can’t possible)
What about “Pie”
We assume that i2 = -1
Pie is an irrational number but value of pie means
n2 = 52 i 2 22
n = 5i ( This number is called Imaginary Number) is a rational number. After thousands of year of
7

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Number System 6.2
trying, mathematicians are still working out the
3 1 5
22 , 1 , , etc.
number known as pie as approximately but the 4 2 7
7
most successful attempt to calculate it more Integers can be of three types-
precisely worked out its value to over 13 trillion i) Positive integers (Natural Number)
digits after decimal point. ii) Negative integers
We have known since the 18th century that we will iii) Zero
never be able to calculate all the digits of pie because
it is an irrational number, one that continues forever Natural Numbers : Counting numbers or positive
without repeating pattern. integers are called natural numbers.
Whole Numbers : Natural number including zero or
Methods to convert decimals into fractions. non-negative integers are called whole numbers.
Terminating division : Odd numbers : All natural numbers that are not
72 135 divisible by 2 are called odd numbers. These numbers
0.72 = , 1.35 = can be represented in the form ‘2n + 1’ (where ‘n’ is
100 100
(Divide ‘1’ for decimal and put ‘0’ for digit after a whole number) or ‘2n + 1’ (where ‘n’ is a natural
decimal.) number), e.g., 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 15 etc.
Consecutive odd numbers can be expressed in the
Non-terminating or repeating division: form 2n + 1, 2n + 3, 2n + 5, 2n + 7........., where ‘n’
is a whole number.
3 1 Even numbers : All natural numbers that are divisible
0.33333.... = =
9 3 by 2 are called even numbers. These numbers can be
represented in the form ‘2n’ (where ‘n’ is a natural
23
0.232323... = number), e.g., 2, 4, 14, 18 etc.
99 Consecutive even numbers can be expressed in the
123  1 122 61 form 2n, 2n + 2, 2n + 4, 2n + 6 ........, where ‘n’ is a
0.1232323... = = = natural number.
990 990 495
63  6 5 7 19 ABSOLUTE VALUE OF AN INTEGER
0.6333... = = =
90 9 0 30 Absolute value is the distance of the integer
(Divide by ‘9’ for repeating numbers and ‘0’ for non- from zero on the number line. We use to indicate
repeating numbers. Non-repeating numbers should absolute value.
be subtracted from total numbers.)
3.142857142857.... = 3 + 0.142857142857... = n = n, where ‘n’ is an integer..
142857 1 22 Example: 3 =3;  5 =5
3 =3 =
999999 7 7
FACTORS AND MULTIPLES
TYPES OF RATIONAL NUMBERS
An integer ‘n’ is called a factor or a divisor of
i) Integers : An integer is a number that can be another integer ‘m’ if ‘n’ divides ‘m’ exactly (i.e., the
written without any fractional component. E.g., 5, 7, remainder is zero) and in such a case ‘m’ is called a
- 47, 0 etc. multipe of ‘n’.
ii) Fractions : A fraction represent a part of whole, e.g., 1, 2, 3, 4, 6 and 12 are the factors (or divisors)
or more generally, any number of equal parts. E.g., of 12 and 12, 24, 36, 48,.....are its multiples.

FACTORIAL

A factorial is a number obtained by multiplying all

Maths' Mirror Amit Kr. Verma
 Number System
the positive integers less than or equal to a given
positive integer. The factorial of a given integer ‘n’ is
usually written as n! or n .
n! = 1×2×3×4×..........×n
CONCEPTS OF PRIME NUMBERS
Prime Numbers : Any number that has exactly
two distinct factors is known as prime numbers.
E.g., 2, 3, 7, 11 etc.
Some important facts of Prime Number
(i) 1 is neither prime nor composite number because 1
does not has two distinct factor.
(ii) 2 is lowest prime number.
(iii) 2 is only an even prime number. So, only 2 can make
even factors.
(iv) When any prime number (N  5) is divided by 6, it
leaves remainder either 1 or 5 , but any number when
divided by 6 and leaves remainder 1 or 5 not
necessarily a prime number e.g., 25.
(v) There are 25 prime numbers in first 100 natural
numbers.
(vi) Average of first 10 prime numbers is 12.9.
(vii) There are infinite prime numbers.
(viii) There are infinite prime numbers such that
difference between them = 2 (represented as N and
N+2, where N is a prime number). For example, 3
and 5, 5 and 7, 11 and 13, etc.Set of these two prime
numbers are known as “twin primes.”
(ix) There is exacty one set of prime number triplet N,
N+2, N+4, where N is a prime number (3, 5, 7).
(x) All the natural numbers greater than 1 has atleast one
prime factor.
“In 1770 Euler wrote - Mathematicians have tried
in vain to discover some order in the sequence of
prime numbers but we have every reason to believe
that there are some mysteries which the human
mind will never penetrate”.
PRIME FACTORIZATION
48 = 2×2×2×2×3 = 24 ×31
Total prime factor = 4 + 1 = 5
Maths' Mirror
6.3
Let N be the number whose prime factorization is
pa×qb×rc
1. Different type of prime number involved in N =
p/q/r
2. Number of total prime factors = a+b+c
3. Number of total factors = (a+1) (b+1) (c+1)
4.Total number of even/odd factors = N = 2a×qb×rc
Factors may be even or odd. We may find even and odd
factors separately. As we know that 2 is only even prime
number, so without 2, all factors are odd and including 2
all factors are even.
(i) Total number of even factors = a × (b + 1) ×
(c+1)
(ii) Total number of odd factors = (b + 1) (c + 1)
4. Sum of total factors = pa+1- 1/ P -1 × Qb+1-1/Q-
1×Rc+1-1/R-1
5. Product of total factors = N(a+1)(b+2)(c+2)/2
Work out Example: 360 = 23×32×51
(1) Envolved prime numbers in 360 are 2, 3 and 5.
(2) Total prime numbers = 3 + 2 + 1 = 6
(3) Total factors = (3+1) × (2+1) × (1+1)
= 4×3×2=24
(4) (i)Total even factors = 3 × (2 + 1) × (1 + 1) =18
(ii) Total odd factors = (2 + 1) × (1 + 1) = 6
(5) Sum of total factors = (23+1-1/2-1)× (32+1-1/3-1)×
(51+1-1/5-1) = 1170
(6) Product of total factors = (360)9
Composite Numbers : Any number that has
more than two distinct factors is known as compos-
ite numbers. E.g., 4, 6, 9, 12 etc.
In other words, prime numbers are used to build the
other numbers known as composite numbers.
Relative prime number : A set of numbers
which HCF is 1 is called relative prime number. To
be a relative prime number, it is not necessarily to be
a prime number. E.g., 15, 16 are relative prime
numbers.
1 is universal relative prime number.
E.g., (1, 15), (1, 20), (1, 101) etc.
Relative prime numbers are also known as co-prime
numbers.
Perfect Number : A perfect number is a natural
number for which when we add up all of the factors
of the number less than that number, we get that
(perfect) number.
Amit Kr. Verma
 Number System 6.4
If the sum of the divisors of N excluding itself is Unit digit = 5 + 7 = 2
equal to N, then N is a perfect number.
For example, 6, 28, 496. UNIT DIGIT CYCLICITY
(i) Number 6, Factors of 6 less than 6 = 1, 2, 3
Sum of factors = 1+2+3 = 6 21 = 2, 22 = 4, 23 = 8, 24 = 16,
Since sum of factors of 6 = Number 6, hence, 6 is a 25 = 32, 26 = 64, 27 = 128, 28 = 256
perfect number. (Above calculation shows that unit digit in any
(ii) Number 28, Factors of 28 less than 28 = 1, 2, 4, power of 2 i.e., 2n = 2/4/6/8.)
7,14 Sum of factors = 1 + 2 + 4 + 7 + 14 = 28 For any power of a number, we may find unit digit.
For that we have to understand cyclicity of the given
Place value and scientific notation number.

The number 345 can be written as 300 + 40 + 5 or as UNIT DIGIT CYCLICITY TABLE
(3×102) + (4×101) + (5×100). The digit 3 stands for 3
times 100; the digit 4 stands for 10; and the digit 5 C
stands for 5 time 1. We say these digits have the Power  1 Power  2 Power  3 Power  4 Period
following place values:3 is in hundred’s place, 4 is in 0 0 0 0 0 1
ten’s place, 5 is in unit’s place. 1 1 1 1 1 1
Every digit in a decimal number has a place value. If 2 2 4 8 6 4
there are digits before 345 in the number, the digits to 3 3 9 7 1 4
the left of 345 are at the thousands place, the ten-
4 4 6 4 6 2
thousands place, the lakh place, the ten-lakh place
5 5 5 5 5 1
and so on.
6 6 6 6 6 1
Digits to the right of the decimal point also have
place values. For example 0.56 = 0.5 + 0.06 = (5×10- 7 7 9 3 1 4
1
) + (6×10-2); the digit 5 is in the tenths place, and 8 8 4 2 6 4
the digit 6 is in the hundredths place. If there are 9 9 1 9 1 2
digits beyond 6 in the number 0.56 then the place
immediately to the right of 6 are the thousandth Ex.1. Find unit digit of (18954)324
place, the ten-thousandth place and so on. Sol. For unit digit only unit digit is responsible. As we
Sometimes, using the concept of place value can let know period of 4 is 2, when power is odd then unit
you write a very big or small number in a simpler digit will be 4 and when power is even then unit digit
mathematical form. will be 6.
For example : 3,40,00,000 = 3.4×107 or even Now, 432(4) - (even)
0.0000000054 = 5.4 × 10-9 So, unit digit = 6
Because such numbers often occur in scientific
calculations, writing a very large or small number as a Ex.2. Find unit digit of (23793)58794325
product of a power of 10 and a number between 1 Sol. Unit digit of the number is 3 and period of 3 is 4. So,
and 10 is called scientific notation. we have to divide power by 4 and have to find last
position of power.
UNIT DIGIT CONCEPTS (23793)58794325 = 325= 31
So, unit digit = 3
As our system of study is in decimal, so we have NOTE : Divisibility rule of 4 is to divide last two digit.
total ten digits viz. 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9. In any
sum for unit digit, only unit place digits are Ex.3. Find unit digit of the number (2798)543770
responsibe. Sol. Here unit digit is 8 and period of that digit is 4, so
Work Out Example: first we have to divide power by 4 and divisibility of
Find unit digit in addition of 125 and 907. 4 is to divide last two digit.
125 + 907 = 2132 It means, (2798)543770 = 870

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 Number System
When 70 is divided by 4, it leaves remainder 2, 82 =
64
Hence, unit digit = 4
Ex.4. Find unit digit of the number (3210123)40000
Sol. Period of 3 = 4
(3210123)40000 = 340000
When power is divided by 4, we get remainder = 0.
As we know that by dividing the power we try to
find the last position of the number. If remainder is
‘0’, when divided by 4 means power is on 4th
position.
34000 = 34, unit digit = 1
Ex.5. Find unit digit of the number (66666)4444
Sol. We know that unit digit for any power of 6 is 6.
DIVISION
Dividend : A number which is divided by any
number is called dividend.
Divisor : A number that will divide any number
called divisor.
Quotient : A number found as an answer when a
divisor divide dividend is called quotient.
Remainder : A number found at last in division of
any number is called remainder.
Dividend = Divisor × Quotient + Remainder.
TEST OF DIVISIBILITY
When a number 'x' is divided by another number 'y'
and the remainder is zero, then the number 'x' is said
to be divisible by 'y'. To check divisibility of
numbers, we have certain divisibility tests as
mentioned below -
1. Divisibility by 2 : A number is divisibe by 2, when its
unit digit (last digit) is divisible by 2. For example
179 is not divisible by 2 as unit digit which is 9 is
not divisible by 2.
2. Divisibility by 3 : A number is divisible by 3, when the
sum of digits is divisible by 3. For example123, as
sum of digits is 6, number must be divisible by 3.
3. Divisibility by 4 : A number is divisible by 4, when the
Maths' Mirror
6.5
number formed by the last two right hand digits is
divisible by 4, or if the last two right hand digits are
0’s. For example
1900 is divisible by 4( as the last two digits are 00),
1902 is not divisible by 4 ( as the last two right hand
digits i.e., 02, are not divisible by 4).
4. Divisibility by 5: A number is divisible by 5, when its
unit’s digit is divisible by 5 or is 0.
5. Divisibility by 6: A number is divisible by 6, when it
is divisible by 2 as well as by 3. For example 123 is
divisible by 3 but not by 2, therefore it is not
divisible by 6.
12312 is divisible by 2 as well as by 3, therefore it is
divisible by 6.
6. Divisibility by 7: A number is divisible by 7, if the
difference of the number of its thousands and the
remainder of its division by thousand is divisible by
7.
For example 439187
Difference = 439 - 187 = 252 which is divisible by 7.
Hence, 439187 is divisible by 7.
7. Divisibility by 8 : A number is divisible by 8, when the
number formed by the last three right hand digits is
divisible by 8, or when the last three digits are
0’s.For example1728 is divisible by 8 as 728 is
divisible by 8.
11100329642 is not divisible by 8 as 642 is not
divisible by 8.
8. Divisibility by 9 : A number is divisible by 9, when the
sum of digits is divisible by 9. For example 729729
(sum of digits 36) is divisible by 9.
1111........(81 times) is divisible by 9 (sum of the
digits is 81).
9. A number is divisible by 10 : when its unit’s digit is 0.
10. Divisibility by 11 : A number is divisible by 11, when
the difference between the sum of the digits in the
odd places and the sum of the digits in the even
places is 0 or a multiple of 11. For example 859012,
as difference between sum of even places digits (8 +
9 + 1= 18) and odd places digits (5 + 0 + 2 = 7) is
11, number must be divisible by 11.
Amit Kr. Verma
 Number System
11. Divisibility by 12 : A number is divisible by 12, when
it is divisible by 3 and 4 both.
12. Divisibility by13 : A number is divisible by 13, if the
difference of the number of its thousands and the
remainder of its division by thousand is divisible by
13. For example 160485, number of its thousands =
160, remainder of its division by 1000 = 485. Now
160 - 485 = 325 which is divisible by 13. Hence,
160485 is divisible by 13.
SOME IMPORTANT FACTS
1.When a Digit Repeat Itself n Times
(i) Any digit written three times side by side will be
divisible by 3 and 37.
Obviously, from here we can conclude that a digit
written six times, or 9 times or 3n times will also be
divisible by 3 and 37.
For example, 888888 is divisibe by 3 and 37.
(ii) Any number of the format ‘abcabc’ will be
divisible by 7, 11 and 13.
(iii) When any number with an even number of digits
is added to its reverse, the sum is always a multiple
of 11.
(iv) If P is prime number  5, then any digit written
(N - 1) times will be divisibe by P, where N is the
recurring decimal of P.
[Recurring decimal is the number of times after
which the digits get repeated after decimal. For
example, to calculate recurring decimal of 7, we write
1/7 = 0.142857142857.......(repeats after 6 digits).]
Ex.5. What is the remainder when 77777....upto 56 digits
is divisible by 19?
Sol. Since, 19 is a prime number, it will divide any digit
written 18 times side by side.
Hence, 77777....54 times will be divisible by 19. So
net remainder will be obtained when 77 (last two
digits) is divided by 19 = 1.
2. Properties of number based results.
(i) If we consider three consecutive positive
integers, say (n - 1), n and (n + 1), then the product
of these three numbers i.e., n (n2 - 1) is always
divisible by 6.
(ii) If ‘n’ is a odd prime number greater than 3, then
(n2 - 1) will always be divisible by 24. (Example, for n
= 5, (n - 1) × (n + 1) = 4 × 6 = 24)
Maths' Mirror
6.6
(iii) For any ‘n’ consecutive positive integers, the
product is divisible by n and n!.
(iv) For every positive integer n, n3 - n is divisible by
3, n5 - n is divisible by 5, n11 - n is divisible by 11, n13
- n is divisible by 13. In general, if ‘p’ is a prime
number then for any natural number ‘n’, (np - n) is
divisible by ‘p’.
CONCEPTS OF ZERO
2 × 5 = 21 × 51 = 10
As we know that 10 is a composite number and to
obtain 10, there are need of one two (2) and one five
(5).
Consider some more results
2 × 2 × 5 × 5 = 22 × 52 = 100
2 × 2 × 2 × 5 = 23 × 51 = 40
2 × 2 × 5 × 5 × 5 = 22 × 53 = 500
From above results, it can be infer that when
different set of ‘2’ and ‘5’ are given then number of
zero depends on the digit which is less in number.
Ex.6. Find number of ‘zero’ from right end in 514 × 28.
Sol. As number of 2 is less, so number of zero will
depend on number of 2.
Required answer = 8
Ex.7. Find number of ‘zero’ from right end in 505 × 202.
Sol. 505 × 202 = 101× 5× 101× 2 = 51× 21
Required answer = 1
Ex.8. Find number of ‘zero’ from right end in 555 × 444.
Sol. 555 × 444 = 111× 5× 111×2× 2 = 51× 22× 1112
Required answer = 1
CONCEPT OF ZERO IN FACTORIALS
n = 1×2×3×4×5×6×7×8×9×10×11×.............×(n-1)×n
For zero, we need to know number of ‘2’ and ‘5’ and
as factorial is product of natural numbers, so,
definitely number of ‘5’ will be less as compare to
number of ‘2’ and number of zero will depend of
number of ‘5’.
We may find number of ‘5’ in factorials of any
number, by dividing number by ‘5’ till quoteint is
less than ‘5’.
Finding number of ‘5’ and ‘2’ in 230!
Amit Kr. Verma
 Number System 6.7
each of the children get equal integral number of
2 2 3 0
apples (5 in this case - this is known as quotient), as
2 1 1 5
2 5 7
well as I am left with zero apple (this is known as
2 2 8 remainder). Going through the same logic, if I
2 1 4 distribute 0 apple among 6 children, each of the
2 7 children still get equal integral number of apples (0 in
2 3
this case) and I am left with zero apple (this is
1
0
Total number of ‘5’ in 230! = 46 + 9 + 1 = 56 known as remainder). And so we say that = 0.
6
5 230
5 46
5 9 Consider another case: I have now 33 apples, and I
1 want to distribute these apples among 6 kids. I may
divide it into two ways :
Total number of ‘2’ in 230! = 115 + 57 + 28 + 14 + 7 (i) I first distribute 5 apples each, and distribute
+ 3 + 2 + 1 = 227 the remaining 3 apples by cutting in halves. So
Now, finding number of ‘0’ in 230! quotient obtained = 5.5
We know that in 230! , number of ‘5’ = 56, number (ii) If I distribute 5 apples to each of the kids, I am
of ‘2’ = 227. Required answer = 56 left with three apples. This is the case when we
Ex.9. Find number of zero from right end in 113! obtain remainder. Quotient = 5, remainder = 3.
Sol. We know that number of ‘5’ will be less, so, find
only number of ‘5’. BASIC FRAMEWORK OF REMAINDER
5 11 3
5 22 (i) When N is a number divisible by 7, it can be
5 4 written as, 7K= N, where K is the quotient.
(ii) When N is divide by 7, remainder obtained is 3
Total number of ‘5’ = 22 + 4 = 26 = it can be written as, 7K+3 = N, where K is the
Number of zero from right end = 26 quotient.
This question can be asked in this way too - (iii) When N is divided by 7, remainder obtained = 3
is equivalent of saying remainder obtained is (-4),
1 13 ! 1 13 ! when divided by 7. It can be understood that when N
,
5x 10 x is divided by 7, remainder obtained is 3 = N is 3
Ex.10. Find maximum value of x for which 113! must be more than a multiple of 7 = So N is 4 short of
divisible by 5x or 10x. another of another multiple of 7. So remainder
Sol. As we know that in 113!, there are 26’s 5, so, obtained = -4.
maximum vaue of x = 26 (iv) When divided by 8, different remainders
obtained can be 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 (8 different
REMAINDER numbers). Similarly, when divided by 5, different
remainders obtained can be = 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 (5 different
A number is said to be divisible by another remainders).
number if the quotient obtained is an integer and
remainder obtained is zero. This statement provides PROPERTIES OF REMAINDER
two necessary conditions for a number to be divisibe
by other : 1. Remainders are Additive
1. Quotient obtained should be an integer. This can
It means that remainder can be obtained by breaking
be a +ve integer, or a -ve integer or zero.
down a number in two or more than two parts, and
2. Remainder should be equal to zero.
then finally calculating the resultant.
Worked - out Example 1:
So when I distribute 30 apples among 6 children,

Maths' Mirror Amit Kr. Verma

 Number System 6.8
What is the remainder obtained when 40 is divided 18
by 7? obtained 3 × 6 / 7= Remainder obtained =4
7
Sol. Obviously the answer is 5.
40 = 5 × 7 + 5 [Dividend = Quotient × Quotient Ex.10.What is the remainder when (1421 × 1423 × 1425)
+Remainder] is divided by 12?
Using the property of remainder being additive, we Sol. Remainder of 1421/12 = 5
can break down 40 in two or more than two parts, Remainder of 1423/12 = 7
find the individual remainder and finally add up those Remainder of 1425/12 = 9
individual remainder to get the final remainder. Remainder of (1421 × 1423 × 1425)/12 = Remainder
(5 × 7 × 9)/12 = Remainder (5 × 63)/12 = Remainder
(5 × 3)/12 = 3
40
= (35 + 5) / 7 = (36 + 4) / 7 = (30+10) / 7 = (20 +
7 CYCLICITY OF REMAINDERS
12 + 8) / 7
Successive power of a number when divided by
It can be seen in the above example that in each of
other number leave remainders that follows a cyclical
the cases remainder obtained is going to be same.
patterns. (i.e., the repitition of the remainders occur
(35 + 5) / 7 = 35/7 + 5/7 (Remainder obtained
in a particular pattern). Using this pattern, the
individually =0 + 5 = 5)
remainder of the division of any power of that
We could have even written down 40 as one number
number (by the same number) can be found out. Like
being subtracted from other too.
when 4N is divided by 7, there is going to be a pattern
40 of remainders. And once we have obtained this
= (50 - 10) / 7 = (49 - 9) / 7
7 pattern of remainder, we can find out the reaminder
Remainder obtained from (50 - 10) / 7 = 50/7 - 10/7 for any higher power.
Reason why pattern exists can be attributed to the
50 fact that when a series of powers are divided by 7 (or
Remainder obtained from = 1 and remainder
7 any other number) (as in case of 4N divided by 7),
10 total different remainder possible = 7 (namely 0, 1, 2,
obtained from =3 3, 4, 5, 6). Hence, even if the value of N = 8, there
7 has be atleast one 7N having same remainder as 7M .
So, net remainder = 1 - 3 = -2 = 5 And once again a single remainder has got repeated,
which has to happen, the whole pattern can be
2. Remainder are Multiplicative generated, and used further.
Let us now see the method to find out pattern of
It means that remainder can be obtained by breaking
remainder:
down a number in two or more than two parts, and
41 divided by 7, remainder = 4
then finally calculating the resultant.
42 divided by 7, remainder = 2
Worked - out Example 2:
43 divided by 7, remainder = 1
What is the remainder obtained when (10 × 20) is
44 divided by 7, remainder when 43 × 41 is divided by
divided by 7?
7. Since 43 gives remainder 1, when divided by 7, net
Sol. Going by actual method of finding remainder,
remainder when 44 divided by 7 = Remainder when
remainder obtained = 200/7 = 4
41 is divided by 7 = 4
Since remainder are multiplicative, we can find out
the individual remainder, and then multiply these to
Ex.11.What is the remainder when 4100 is divided by 7?
obtain final remainder.
Sol. As we know that when 4N is divided by 7 remainder
Remainder obtained when 10 is divided by 7 = 3
repeats in every fourth division, so period of
Remainder obtained when 20 is divided by 7 = 6
remainder is 3.
Remainder obtained 10 × 20 / 7 = Remainder
Now upto 99 power cycle will be completed and 41
divided by 7, remainder obtained = 4.

Maths' Mirror Amit Kr. Verma

 Number System 6.9
It also can be solved by +- 1 concepts. divisible by P.
Ideally, when we are using this method to find out In other words, remainder obtained when (p - 1)! is
the remainder, we should be constantly on a lookout divided by p (p = prime number ) = -1
for an expression giving us remainder either +1 or - 1. For example, remainder obtained when 4! is divided
Although it is not essential that we always get by 5, remainder obtained = -1
remainder +1 or -1 for every expression. Remainder Remainder obtained when 6! is divided by 7,
remainder obtained = -1
4100 Remainder obtained when 12! is divided by 13,
obtained from = Remainder obtained from
7 remainder obtained = -1
33 1
 4 3  4
= Remainder obtained from (133×41)/7 = Corollary to Wilson’s Theorem
7

4 C If p is a composite number, then (p - 1)! is divisible by

Remainder obtained from =4 P (except for p = 4)
7
Factors Theorem
Fermat’s Remainder Theorem

1. (an + bn) is divisible by (a + b), if n is odd.

Let P be a prime number and N be a number,
not divisible by P (in other words N and P are co- Ex.14. 17n + 1 must be divisible by which number when n
prime). Then, remainder obtained when Np-1/P = 1 is odd?
provided HCF (N, P) = 1, and P is a prime number. Sol. 17n + 1 = 17n + 1n
Using Fermat’s theorem we can say that: As n is odd, number must be divisible by 18.
66 56
Remainder of = Remainder of = Remainder 2. Extension of the above formula - (an + bn + cn) is
7 7
divisible by (a + b + c), if n is odd and a, b and c
46 36 26 are in Arithmetic Progression.
of = Remainder of = Remainder of =
7 7 7
3. (an + bn + cn + dn) is divisible by (a + b + c + d), if n is
16 odd and a, b, c and d are in Arithmetic Progression.
Remainder of =1
7 Similarly, this formula can be extended for any
Ex.12.What is the remainder when 21000 is divided by 101? number of terms provided that the terms as in a, b,
Sol. Since it satisfies the Fermat’s theorem format, c, d, etc, are in AP, and power n = odd.
remainder = 1
Ex.15. 1931 + 2031 + 2131 must be divisible by which of
Ex.13.What is the remainder when 782 is divided by 11? the following number -
Sol. Using Fermat’s theorem, remainder obtained when (i) 40 (ii) 50 (iii) 60 (iv) 70
710 is divided by 11 = 1 Sol. Number must be divisible by 19 + 20 + 21= 60
Hence, remainder obtained when 780 is divided by 11
=1 4. (an - bn) is divisible by (a - b), if n is odd.
782
So, remainder obtained = = Remainder obtained Ex.16. Find by which number 23n -1 must be divisible
11 where n is odd ?
780 × 72 / 11= Remainder obtained 1 × 72 / 11 = Sol. Required number = 23 -1 = 22
Remainder obtained when 49 is divided by 11= 5.
5. (an - bn) is divisible by (a + b) and (a-b) , if n is even.
Wilson’s Remainder Theorem
Ex.17. Find 372n+1- 1, must be divisible by?
If P is prime number, then (p - 1)! +1 is
Maths' Mirror Amit Kr. Verma
 Number System 6.10
Sol. We know that 2n + 1 is an even number. It means divided by 5 gives remainder 2 = 5P + 2.
given number must be divisible by 37 + 1= 38 and 37 So, N = 3(5P + 2) + 1 = 15 P +7
- 1 = 36 Now, when N is divided by 15, remainder 7.

6. (an - bn) is divisible by (ak - bk), if k is a factor of n.

Ex.18. Find possible factors of 6116 +1.

Sol. 618 + 1, 614 + 1, 612 + 1, 61 + 1 = 62, 61 - 1= 60

SUCCESSIVE DIVISION

Suppose we may say that N is any number

which is divided successively by 3 and 5, then what
we mean to say is - at first, we divide N by 3 and
then the quoteint obtained from this division is
divided by 5.
Let us see the case when 50 is divided by 5 and 3
successively.
50 divided by 5 gives 10 as the quoteint. Now, we
will divide 10 by 3. It gives finally a quoteint of 3
and remainder of 1. So, we say that when 50 is
divided by 5 and 3 successively, remainders obtained
are 0 and 1 respectively.
This can be done through table method also,
D Re mainder
5 50 0 [D = Divisor]

3 10 1
3
This may be asked such a way that N is a number,
when divided by 5 and 3 successively, remainders
obtained are 0 and 5. Find N ?
It can be seen that we are required to calculate it
from back-end. Family of numbers which when
divided by 3 gives remainder 1 = 3P + 1, and when
divided by 5 gives remainder 0 = 5 (3P + 1) + 0 =
15P + 5
So, N = 15P + 5
Now any positive integral value of P will satisfy
above condition.
Possible value of N = 20, 35, 50, 65, 80 ...... etc.

Ex.19. When a number N is dxivided successively by 3

and 5, remainder obtained are 1 and 2 respectively.
What is the remainder when N is divided by 15?
Sol. It can be seen that we are required to calculate it
from back-end. Family of numbers which when

Maths' Mirror Amit Kr. Verma

 Number System 6.11

Exercise

(A) SUCCESSIVE DIVISION 9. When a number divided by 6, 5 & 3 successively it

1. When 667 is divided by 8,7 & 5 successively then gives 3, 3 & 2 respectively, find the remainder when
find the respective remainders. the number is divded by 6, 4 & 3 respectively ?
(a) 2,3 & 5 (b) 3,6 & 1 (a) 3, 1 & 2 (b) 3, 1 & 0
(c) 2,3 & 4 (d) 5,2 & 3 (c) 3, 1 & 1 (d) 4, 1 & 3
2. When a number divided by 6, 3 & 2 successively it 10. When a number divided by 13 & 7 successively it
gives remainder 1,2 & 1 respectivly, find the number. gives remainder 8 & 6 respectively find the remainder
when the number divided by 91.
(a) 67 (b) 60
(a) 86 (b) 80
(c) 48 (d) can't determind
(c) 84 (d) 98
3. Find the least number when divided by 8,5, & 3
successively it gives remainder 6,4 & 2 respectively. 11. When a number divided by x & y successively it
gives remainder r 1 & r 2 respectively, find the
(a) 220 (b) 240
remainder if the number divided by xy.
(c) 238 (d) 118
(a) x + y (b) r1 - r2
4. When a numbers divided by 7,6,5 & 4 successively
(c) xr2 + r1 (d) (x + y) × r1
it gives remainder 3,4,2 & 1 respectively, find the
number. 12. A number when divided by 3 gives remainder 1 when
the quotient is divided by 2 it gives remainder 1.
(a) 1140 (b) 1165
What will be the remainder if the same number is
(c) 1156 (d) 1147
divided by 5.
5. When a number divided by 4, 5 & 3 successively it
(a) 1 (b) 3
gives remainder 3, 2 & 0 respectively, find the
(c) 0 (d) 6
number.
(B) UNIT PLACE DIGIT
(a) 71 (b) 70
Find the unit palce digit :
(c) 68 (d) 48
6. When a number divided by 4, 5 and 2 successively 13. 2137 753
it gives remainder 3, 2 & 1 respectivly and last
(a) 1 (b) 3
quotient is 3. Find the number.
(c) 7 (d) 9
(a) 160 (b) 151
(c) 180 (d) 140 14. 13 2003
7. When a number divided by 5,4 & 3 successively it (a) 7 (b) 9
gives remainder 4, 3 & 1 respectively and last quotient (c) 3 (d) 1
is 2, if the same number is divided by 15 find the
remainder. 15. 22 23
(a) 8 (b) 11 (a) 2 (b) 4
(c) 12 (d) 9 (c) 6 (d) 8
8. When a number divided by 6, 4 & 3 successively it
gives remainder 3, 2 & 1 respectively, if the order of 16. 7 105
divisor be reversed then, find the successive
(a) 5 (b) 7
remainder.
(c) 4 (d) 9
(a) 0, 1 & 3 (b) 1, 1 & 2
(c) 1, 1 & 1 (d) 2, 2 & 1

Maths' Mirror Amit Kr. Verma

 Number System 6.12
17. 5627153 × 67172
(c) 6 (d) 8
(a) 1 (b) 4
37 74 82 64
(c) 6 (d) 7 30. 317   218   319   26 
18. 7 97  3 58 (a) 0 (b) 1
(c) 8 (d) 4
(a) 0 (b) 4
(c) 6 (d) 7 31. 11 1  12 2  13   14   15 
3 4 5

19. 3694 1793  615 317  841 151 (a) 0 (b) 1

(a) 0 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4
(c) 3 (d) 5 32. 1 2  3 4  5  .....  9 9
61 13 82
20. 3 6 7 (a) 0 (b) 1
(a) 3 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 2
(c) 6 (d) 8 33. 1 × 2 × 3 × 4 ×.......... 1200
21. 43  44  45  .......  49 1 2  3  4 5 ..... 1200
(a) 3 (b) 2
(a) 0 (b) 1
(c) 6 (d) 0
(c) 3 (d) 2
22. 264102 × 264103
(NUMBER OF NUMBERS BETWEEN TWO
(a) 0 (b) 4
GIVEN NUMBER)
(c) 6 (d) 8
34. Find total numbers of numbers divisible by 13
23. 25198 + 2129 - 106100 + 70535 - 164 + 259 upto 800.
(a) 1 (b) 4 (a) 31 (b) 61
(c) 5 (d) 6 (c) 47 (d) 57
1212
24. 616 35. Find total numbers of numbers from 500 and 800
(a) 2 (b) 3 which is divisible by 2, 3 & 6?
(c) 5 (d) 6 (a) 35 (b) 45
(c) 50 (d) 55
25. 422 377  19
36. How many numbers upto 700 are divisible by 4 or
(a) 1 (b) 2 5?
(c) 3 (d) 4 (a) 280 (b) 250
26. 72 357  152 13 (c) 290 (d) 275
(a) 0 (b) 1 37. How many number upto 300 are divisible by 4 or
(c) 2 (d) 3 7?
(a) 111 (b) 103
27. 523 912 (c) 107 (d) 114
(a) 0 (b) 1 38. How many 3-digit numbers divisible by 6?
(c) 2 (d) 3 (a) 149 (b) 150
28. 248 917 (c) 151 (d) 166
39. How many 3- digit number divisible by 5?
(a) 0 (b) 1
(a) 181 (b) 180
(c) 6 (d) 8
(c) 179 (d) 199
29. 312 87  614 53  915 89 40. How many 3- digit numbers from 200 are divisible
(a) 0 (b) 1 by 4,5 and 6?
(a) 15 (b) 12

Maths' Mirror Amit Kr. Verma

 Number System 6.13
(c) 16 (d) 13 52. 2 × 4 × 6 × 8×......×6000
(D) NUMBER OF ZEROES (a) 720 (b) 640
41. Find the numbers of zeroes in last of product of (c) 748 (d) 800
expression 25 × 125 × 16 × 32 × 16. 53. 3200+1000+40000+32000+15000000
(a) 5 (b) 6 (a) 3 (b) 4
(c) 7 (d) 8 (c) 8 (d) 2
42. Find the numbers of zeroes in last of product of 54. 3200  1000  40000  32000  15000000
expression 125 × 625 × 50 × 40. (a) 16 (b) 17
(a) 5 (b) 6 (c) 18 (d) 19
(c) 4 (d) 8
55. 72
43. Find the number of zeroes in last of product of
expression (5 × 10 × 25 × 40 × 50 × 55 × 65 × 125 (a) 17 (b) 9
× 80) (c) 8 (d) 16
(a) 5 (b) 9 72 × 42
56.
(c) 7 (d) 8
(a) 24 (b) 9
44. Find the numbers of zeroes in last of product of
(c) 27 (d) 18
expression (57× 60 × 30 × 15625 × 4096 × 625 ×
875 × 975) 57. 100 × 200
(a) 6 (b) 16 (a) 73 (b) 24
(c) 17 (d) 15 (c) 11 (d) 22
Direction : Find the numbers of zeroes in the right
side of expressions : 58. 11 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 
66 
7 7 8 8 9 9 10
 10

45. 1  2  3  4  ......  130 (a) 25 (b) 15

(a) 30 (b) 32 (c) 10 (d) 20
(c) 36 (d) 40 59. 100 × 200
46. 2500 (a) 49 (b) 73
(a) 624 (b) 320 (c) 132 (d) 33
(c) 420 (d) 500 (E) DIVISION RULE
47. 1 × 2 × 3 × 4 ×.........× 9000 60. In a division sum divisor in 10 times of quotient & 5
times of remainder, if reminder is 46 then find the
(a) 2248 (b) 2000
dividend.
(c) 3000 (d) 460
(a) 5336 (b) 5352
48. 401  402  403  ......  900 (c) 5361 (d) 5380
(a) 103 (b) 108 61. In division sum quotient is 403, divisor is 100 &
(c) 125 (d) 105 remainder is 58 then find dividend.
49. 400 (a) 40458 (b) 34058
(a) 100 (b) 103 (c) 43058 (d) 40358
(c) 104 (d) 99 62. When 1043 is divided by a number it gives quotient
50. 11 & remainder 20. Find the divisor.
1  3  5  7  9  .......  887 (a) 93 (b) 80
(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 85 (d) 98
(c) 0 (d) 4 63. Find the least number which is added to 41116 so
51. 2  4  6  8  .....  900 that they obtained number exactly divisibly by 8?
(a) 111 (b) 110 (a) 8 (b) 5
(c) 103 (d) 104
Maths' Mirror Amit Kr. Verma
 Number System 6.14
(c) 4 (d) 12 by 16 it gives remainder 3.
64. Find the three digit least number which is exactly (a) 1012 (b) 1017
divisible by 14. (c) 1001 (d) 1011
(a) 112 (b) 100 75. Find the least number that can be added to 927 so
(c) 114 (d) 128 that they obtained number when divided by 17.
65. Find the least number which is added to 8033645 so (i) it gives remainder 1.
that they obtained number multiple of 11 ? (a) 9 (b) 8
(a) 1 (b) 4 (c) 7 (d) 6
(c) 7 (d) 9 (ii) it gives remainder 15.
66. Find the least number which is subtracted from 4000 (a) 3 (b) 4
so that they obtained number exactly divisible by (c) 6 (d) 8
19.
76. Find the least number that must be subtracted from
(a) 20 (b) 30
1632 so that they obtained number when divided
(c) 40 (d) 10 by 13.
67. Find the least number which is subtracted from (i) it gives remainder 1
945 so that they obtained number exactly divisible
(a) 1 (b) 2
by 19.
(c) 6 (d) 3
(a) 12 (b) 14
(ii) It gives remainder 4
(c) 17 (d) 18
(a) 3 (b) 4
68. Find the least number which is added to 1322 so
(c) 2 (d) 1
that they obtained number exactly divisible by 13.
(iii) It gives remainder 9
(a) 3 (b) 2
(a) 6 (b) 4
(c) 8 (d) 4
(c) 2 (d) 11
69. Find the largest 4 digit number which when divided
by 13 it gives remainder zero. (iv) It gives remainder 12
(a) 9997 (b) 9998 (a) 6 (b) 8
(c) 9996 (d) 9999 (c) 2 (d) 11
70. Find the least four digit number is exactly divisible 77. Find the largest 4- digit number which when divided
by 19. by 13.
(a) 1012 (b) 1011 (i) It gives remainder1
(c) 1007 (d) 1045 (a) 9998 (b) 9479
71. Find the nearest number to 8746 which is exactly (c) 999 (d) 9997
divisible by 13. (ii) it gives remainder 5
(a) 8737 (b) 8749 (a) 9989 (b) 9999
(c) 8746 (d) 8750 (c) 9997 (d) 9979
72. Find the least five digit number which when divided (iii) it gives remainder 9
by 19 it gives remainder 5. (a) 9989 (b) 9999
(a) 10018 (b) 10016 (c) 9993 (d) 9979
(c) 10013 (d) 10015 (iv) it gives remainder 12
73. Find the largest 4 digit number which when divided (a) 9989 (b) 9996
by 13 it gives 9 as remainder. (c) 9993 (d) 9979
(a) 9986 (b) 9993 78. Find the largest 3- digit number that must be
(c) 9984 (d) 9987 subtracted from 12724 so that they obtained number
74. Find the least 4- digit number which when divided when divided 13.

Maths' Mirror Amit Kr. Verma

 Number System 6.15
(i) it gives remainder 0 by 24?
(a) 997 (b) 999 (a) 35718 (b) 63810
(c) 988 (d) 990 (c) 537804 (d) 3125736
(ii) it gives remainder 1 84. Which of the following number is a multiple of 11
(a) 995 (b) 998 ?
(c) 989 (d) 990 (a) 978626 (b) 112144
(iii) it gives remainder 5 (c) 447355 (d) 869756
(a) 998 (b) 995 85. Find the value of k, if 5 k 3457 is exactly divisible
(c) 990 (d) 993 by 11?
(iv) it gives remainder 8 (a) 1 (b) 2
(a) 998 (b) 995 (c) 3 (d) 5
(c) 990 (d) 988 86. If * 381 is divisible by 11 then find the value of *
(v) it gives remainder 12 ?
(a) 999 (b) 995 (a) 7 (b) 5
(c) 989 (d) 990 (c) 1 (d) 0
79. Find the least 4- digit number that must be 87. If 862 * 4 is divisible by 11 then find value of *?
subtracted from 12724 so that they obtained number (a) 3 (b) 4
when divided by 13. (c) 6 (d) 8
(i) it gives remainder 0 88. Find the value of * if 5432* 7 is divisible by 9?
(a) 1005 (b) 1011 (a) 0 (b) 1
(c) 1010 (d) 1013 (c) 6 (d) 9
(ii) it gives remainder 2 89. A, number is made by repeating six time a same
(a) 1003 (b) 1013 digit such as (111111), (444444). all these numbers
(c) 1017 (d) 1009 are always divisible-
(iii) it gives remainder 5 (a) 7 (b) 11
(a) 1006 (b) 1016 (c) 13 (d) all of these
(c) 1008 (d) 1004 90. A four digit number is made by repeating two times
(iv) it gives remainder 12 a two digit number such that (3737 or 6363) all
(a) 1010 (b) 1019 these number are always divisible by.
(c) 1012 (d) 1007 (a) 11 (b) 13
(F) RULES OF DIVISIBILITY (c) 101 (d) 1001
80. If 48327* is divisible by 11, then find the value of (G) REMAINDER THEOREM
*? 91. When a number is divided by 136 gives remainder
(a) 5 (b) 3 36 if the same number is divided by 17. Find the
(c) 2 (d) 1 remainder.
81. What is the least value of * so that 6785 * 1 is (a) 9 (b) 7
exactly divisible by 9? (c) 3 (d) 2
(a) 0 (b) 5 92. When a number is divided by 156 it gives remainder
(c) 7 (d) 9 29. If the same number is divided by 13 find the
remainder.
82. Which of the following number is not divisibly by
18? (a) 1 (b) 2
(a) 34056 (b) 54036 (c) 3 (d) 6
(c) 50436 (d) 65043 93. When a number is divided by 195 it gives remainder
47. If the same number is divided by 15. Find the
83. Which of the following number is exactly divisible
remainder.
Maths' Mirror Amit Kr. Verma
 Number System 6.16
(a) 4 (b) 3 (a) 1 (b) 2
(c) 2 (d) 1 (c) 5 (d) 3
Directions : Find the remainder in the following 35  36  52  69  86  69
questions : 104.
17
52  53  35  36  69  86 (a) 1 (b) 2
94.
17 (c) 4 (d) 5
(a) 4 (b) 3 105. (96 × 97 × 98 × 78 × 41 × 42) / 19
(c) 2 (d) 1 (a) 12 (b) 18
(c) 11 (d) 15
53  54  69  70  88  55
95.
17 27  40  43  67  27  40  66
106.
(a) 4 (b) 3 13
(c) 8 (d) 5 (a) 7 (b) 4
58  78  39  77  96  115 (c) 3 (d) 8
96.
19 107. 58  59  39  40  41  58  59
(a) 4 (b) 3 19
(c) 2 (d) 5 (a) 7 (b) 3
97. (53 × 66 × 38 × 63) / 13 (c) 6 (d) 4
(a) 4 (b) 3 153  3
(c) 2 (d) 5 108.
19
98. 52  53  70  87 (a) 3 (b) 4
17 (c) 7 (d) 8
(a) 2 (b) 7
20  528
(c) 8 (d) 5 109.
19
56  55  77  94  39
99. (a) 2 (b) 1
19
(c) 3 (d) 4
(a) 4 (b) 17
528
(c) 18 (d) 6 1 8 
110.
19
39  3
100. (a) 2 (b) 3
19
(c) 1 (d) 8
(a) 1 (b) 2
(c) 3 (d) 4 18  743
111.
35  75  99  80  92  34  119 19
101.
19 (a) 17 (b) 18
(a) 10 (b) 11 (c) 15 (d) 16
(c) 13 (d) 8
51  927
112.
96  295 7
102.
19 (a) 1 (b) 3
(a) 6 (b) 1 (c) 5 (d) 2
(c) 8 (d) 3
103. (93 + 92 + 66 + 40) / 13

Maths' Mirror Amit Kr. Verma

 Number System 6.17

44  929 (c) 5 (d) 4

113.
7
123.
1 3
 2 3  3 3  4 3  5 3  .......  50 3
(a) 6 (b) 3 7
(c) 4 (d) 1 (a) 3 (b) 1
(c) 5 (d) 4
5  927
114. 124. Find the remainder when 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
7 13 ..... 51 52 is divided by 8.
(a) 6 (b) 5 (a) 0 (b) 1
(c) 1 (d) 3 (c) 2 (d) 3
125. Find the remainder when 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11......
28  913 47 48 is divided by 125.
115.
5 (a) 120 (b) 123
(a) 5 (b) 3 (c) 120 (d) 119
(c) 4 (d) 1 126. Find the remainder, when the 89 digits number
116. (18527 × 38) / 34 obtained by writing the numbers continue from 1, is
(a) 4 (b) 6 divided 8.
(c) 1 (d) 9 (a) 1 (b) 2
(c) 3 (d) 4
26 526  19 127. Find the remainder when the number, obtained by
117.
54 writing the number continue from 1to 42, is divided
(a) 6 (b) 2 by 3.
(c) 7 (d) 8 (a) 0 (b) 1
(c) 2 (d) 3
9  29 128. When a number is divided by 6 it gives remainder 3.
118.
7 If the square of the number is divided by 6 then find
(a) 3 (b) 4 the remainder.
(c) 2 (d) 1 (a) 0 (b) 1
(c) 2 (d) 3
98  1
119. 33
8 73 33  43
129.
(a) 3 (b) 4 5
(c) 2 (d) 1 (a) 0 (b) 1
(c) 2 (d) 3
2 642
120.
10 5 50
(a) 3 (b) 4 130.
13
(c) 2 (d) 1
(a) 0 (b) 1
10000
10 10  10 100  10 1000  10 (c) 11 (d) 12
121.
6 5 50
(a) 9 (b) 8 131.
12
(c) 3 (d) 4
(a) 0 (b) 1
122.
1 2
 2 2  3 2  4 2  5 2  ......  50 2
 (c) 2 (d) 11
7
(a) 1
Maths' Mirror (b) 3
Amit Kr. Verma
Number System 6.18

2 87 (c) 30 (d) 28
132. 141. 913216 / 8 =?
7
(a) 12 (b) 13
(a) 0 (b) 1
(c) 1 (d) 4
(c) 2 (d) 3
(H) FACTOR THEOREM
14 722 142. If 73 33  43 33 divided by 5, then find the
133.
15 remainder.
(a) 0 (b) 1 (a) 0 (b) 1
(c) 4 (d) 15 (c) 2 (d) 3
271 143. Find a common factor of 3711 + 4311 & 3713 + 4313
19  4
134. (a) 6 (b) 37
18
(c) 43 (d) 80
(a) 1 (b) 5
144. Find a common factor of 127 127 +
(c) 2 (d) 17

7 13  1

97127 1 2 7
127
 97
127
 and 12797 + 9797
135. (a) 117 (b) 224
6
(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 250 (d) 325
(c) 2 (d) 3 145. If n is a positive integer then 42 n  2 n is

8 36 divisible by which of the following ?

136. (a) 21 (b) 41
6
(c) 7 (d) 40
(a) 4 (b) 8
(c) 12 (d) 16 146. If n is positive integer then 17 n  15 n is
137. When a number is divided by a divisor it gives divisible by which of the following ?
remainder 63 if two times of the number is divided (a) 3 (b) 5
by the same divisor it gives remainder 55, find the (c) 2 (d) 7
divisor.
147. Find a factor of a 5  b 5 ?
(a) 61 (b) 78
(a) a + b (b) a - b
(c) 71 (d) 98
(c) 2a + b (d) 2a - b
138. When two numbers are divided by a divisor it gives
remainder 437 & 198 respectively, if sum of the 148. A factor of a16 – b16 is-
numbers is divided by the same divisior it gives (a) a + b (b) a – b
remainder 236. Find the divisor. (c) 2a + b (d) both a & b
(a) 500 (b) 400 149. Which of the following is a factor of expression x2n1
(c) 450 (d) 399 + y2n-1 (where n is a natural number)?
139. When two numbers are divided by a divisor it gives (a) x–y (b) x+ y
remainder 8 and 5 respectively, if product of the (c) xn + yn (d) x3 + y3
number is divided by the same divisor it gives 150. Find a factor of expression x2n - y2n (where n is a
remainder 17, find the divisor. natural number)
(a) 20 (b) 23 (a) x - y (b) x + y
(c) 13 (d) 18 (c) xn - yn (d) all of above
140. Find last two digits of the product of the expression 151. (59)8 – (57)8 is exactly divisivle by which of the
101 × 102 × 103 × 104 × 99 × 98 × 97 following ?
(a) 50 (b) 56 (a) 116 (b) 115

Maths' Mirror Amit Kr. Verma

 Number System 6.19
(c) 114 (d) 113 (c) 7 (d) 9
152. 3 4n-4 3n (where n is any positive integer) must 162. Find the number of prime factors.
divisible by which of the following? (a) 9 (b) 11
(a) 16 (b) 15 (c) 7 (d) 13
(c) 17 (d) 20 163. Find the numbers of factors.
153. 3n 6 n ( Where n is any positive integer) (a) 50 (b) 45
5 2
must divisible by which of the following ? (c) 60 (d) 55
(a) 60 (b) 61 164. Find the number of factors except unit and itself.
(c) 62 (d) 63 (a) 58 (b) 43
n
(c) 45 (d) 55
154. Find unit place digit of 41  11 (Where n is 165. Find the number of even factors.
any positive integer) (a) 35 (b) 48
(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 38 (d) 40
(c) 2 (d) 3 166. Find the numbers of odd factors.
155. Find a common factor of (527323 + 473323) and (a) 15 (b) 18
(527150 - 473150).
(c) 12 (d) 16
(a) 300 (b) 500
167. Find the sum of factors
(c) 700 (d) 900
(a) 38240 (b) 38440
156. Find a factor of 2319 + 1919
(c) 38600 (d) 36440
(a) 18 (b) 42
168. Find the sum of factors except unit and itself
(c) 25 (d) 32
(a) 27639 (b) 27700
157. Find a common factor of 4323 + 2323 and 4379 +
(c) 26541 (d) 27436
2379 out of give option.
169. Find the product of factors.
(a) 7 (b) 9
(c) 11 (d) 13 (a) 10800 30 (b) 10800 35
158. Find the largest natural number by which product (c) 10800 20 (d) 10800 32
of any four consecutive natural numbers is exactly
divisible. 170. Find how many different ways number can be
represented as product of two numbers
(a) 6 (b) 12
(a) 30 (b) 60
(c) 24 (d) 120
(c) 40 (d) 20
159. Find the largest natural number which product of
any three consecutive even numbers is exactly 171. Find the sum of factors of 2160.
divided. (a) 7520 (b) 7180
(a) 16 (b) 24 (c) 7440 (d) 7170
(c) 48 (d) 96 172. Find the number of factors of 23×34×45×56
160. By which of the following difference of square of (a) 490 (b) 840
any two consecutive odd numbers is always divisible (c) 510 (d) 460
? 173. Find the number of prime factors of (612×3528×1516)
(a) 3 (b) 6 / (612×2111).
(c) 7 (d) 8 (a) 36 (b) 64
(c) 66 (d) 72
(I) DIFFERENT TYPE OF FACTOR 174. Find the number of factors of 1280
Directions : for number 10800 (a) 18 (b) 22
161. Find the total type of prime factors. (c) 16 (d) 20
(a) 5 (b) 3 175. Find the number of factors of 620.
Maths' Mirror Amit Kr. Verma
Number System (a) 77 (b) 76 6.20
(a) 18 (b) 12 (c) 75 (d) 78
(c) 16 (d) 20
188. Find the maximum value of 'x' such that 500 , is
176. Find the number of factors 45 15
perfectly divisible by 7x.
(a) 446 (b) 470 (a) 82 (b) 40
(c) 496 (d) 512 (c) 80 (d) 70
177. Find the number of factors of 75 9
189. Find the maximum value of 'x' such that 50 , is
(a) 205 (b) 175
perfectly divisible by 2520x.
(c) 160 (d) 190
(a) 6 (b) 8
178. Find the number of even factors of 842.
(c) 7 (d) 9
(a) 2 (b) 4
(c) 6 (d) 8 190. Find the maximum value of 'n' such that 50 , is
179. Find the number of even factors of 420 perfectly divisible by 12600n.
(a) 16 (b) 8 (a) 7 (b) 6
(c) 12 (d) 18 (c) 8 (d) 3
180. Find the number of odd factors of 840 191. Find the maximum value of 'n' such that 42 × 57 ×
(a) 7 (b) 8 92 × 91 × 52 × 62 × 64 × 65 × 66 × 67, is perfectly
(c) 9 (d) 16 divisible by 42n.
181. Find the number of odd factors of 1506 (a) 4 (b) 3
(c) 5 (d) 6
(a) 91 (b) 77
192. Find the maximum value of 'n' such that 570 × 60
(c) 85 (d) 65
× 30 × 90 × 100 × 500 × 700 × 343 × 720 × 81 is
182. Find the sum of factors of 340 perfectly divisible by 30n.
(a) 735 (b) 690 (a) 12 (b) 10
(c) 756 (d) 636 (c) 14 (d) 11
183. Find the sum of factors of 680
(a) 1620 (b) 1560 193. If 146 , is divisible by 5n, then find the maximum
(c) 1520 (d) 1680 value of n.
184. Find the product of factors of 640 (a) 34 (b) 35
(a) 640 8 (b) 640 8 (c) 36 (d) 37

(c) 640 6 (d) 640 5 194. If 146 , is divisible by 6n, then find the maximum
185. Find the product of factors of 1296. value of n.
(a) 70 (b) 60
(a) 36  32
(b) 36
(c) 40 (d) 30
(c) 36 23 (d) 36 25
195. If 400 , is divisible by 900n then find the maximum
(J) NUMBER OF NUMBERS IN GIVEN
FACTORIAL value of n.
(a) 99 (b) 49
186. Find the maximum value of 'n' such that 157 , is (c) 80 (d) 93
perfectly divisible by 10n. (K) PROBLEM BASED ON NUMBER &
(a) 37 (b) 38 EQUATION
(c) 16 (d) 13 196. If sum of a two digit number and the number
obtained by interchaging the digit is 88, then find
187. Find the maximum value of 'n' such that 157 , is the sum of digit of the number?
perfectly divisible by 12n. (a) 8 (b) 10
Maths' Mirror Amit Kr. Verma
 Number System 6.21
(c) 6 (d) 7
the digits is 144, then the number is -
197. If difference of a two digit number and the number
(a) 46 (b) 24
obtained by interchanging the digits is 56, find the
(c) 26 (d) 42
difference between digits of the number ?
206. Sum of the digits of a two digit number is 10. If the
(a) 4 (b) 6
number is decreased by 18 it get reversed, find the
(c) 1 (d) 5 number.
198. The difference between two digit number and the (a) 46 (b) 64
number obtained by interchaging the digits is 45.
(c) 74 (d) 47
What is the difference of the two digits number.
207. Sum of the digits of a two digit number is 16 when
(a) 6 (b) 5
18 is added to the number, it get reversed, find the
(c) 7 (d) DI
number.
199. The difference between two digit number and the
(a) 60 (b) 79
number obtained by interchaging the digits is 27.
(c) 57 (d) 75
What is the sum of the two digits number?
208. When digits of a two digit number is interchanged
(a) 3
the obtained number is 36 more than the original
(b) 6 number. If sum of the original number is 12, find the
(c) 9 original number ?
(d) Can't be determind (a) 48 (b) 37
200. The difference between two-digits number and the (c) 59 (d) 84
number obtained by interchaging the digits is 1/9 of 209. Ratio between a two digit number and sum of the
the difference between the digits of the number then
digits of the number is 13:4. Find the number ?
find sum of the number ?
(a) 24 (b) 36
(a) 10 (b) 8
(c) 63 (d) 26
(c) 12 (d) DI
210. If two digit number is four times the sum of digits
201. The difference between a two digit number and the and three times the product of the digits then find
unit place is 20, the number is-
the number.
(a) 21 (b) 22 (a) 64 (b) 48
(c) 23 (d) DI (c) 12 (d) 24
202. Sum of the digits of a two digit number is 6 more 211. The number obtained after subtracting the sum of
than the difference the digits of the number, the
the digit of any number by the number between 100
numbers is- and 1000 is always divisible by -
(a) 36 (b) 63
(a) 9 (b) 6
(c) 48 (d) DI
(c) 5 (d) 12
203. Sum of the digits of two digit number is 1/7 of the
212. Find the number of digits of the least number which
number. Which of the following is the number? is when 7 is multiplied, all digits of the obtained
(a) 24 (b) 42 number is 9?
(c) 36 (d) DI (a) 3 (b) 5
204. Sum of both digits of a two digit number is 9 & (c) 6 (d) 8
product of digits is double of sum. If unit place digit (L) MISCELLANEOUS
is greater then the tens place digit, then find the
213. Find the largest number which divided all the
number?
(a) 36 (b) 72 numbers of type m 2
 n2  where m & n are two
(c) 18 (d) 63 odd integers and (n < m).
205. If unit place digit is a number is 2 more then is tens (a) 2 (b) 4
place digit also product of the number and sum of

Maths' Mirror Amit Kr. Verma

 Number System 6.22
(c) 6 (d) 8 (c) 71 (d) 69
221. Number S is obtained by squaring the sum of digits
214. If n is an odd number, then n  n 1  is divisible
2
of a two-digit number D. If diiference between S and
by- D is 27, then the two-digit number D is -
(a) 18 (b) 20 (a) 24 (b) 54
(c) 24 (d) 32 (c) 34 (d) 45
222. The owner of a local jewellery store hired three
215. If n is even number, then n n 2
 20  is always watchmen to guard his diamonds, but a theif still got
inand stole some diamonds. On the way out, the
divisible by-
theif met each watchman, one at a time. To each he
(a) 10 (b) 15
(c) 48 (d) 58 1
gave of the diamonds he had then, and 2 more
216. If m is a positive integer then (m+2), (m+4) is- 2
(a) Exactly divisible by 3 besides. He escaped with one diamond. How many
(b) not exactly divisible by 3 did he steal originally?
(a) 40 (b) 36
(c) exactly divisible by 4
(c) 25 (d)None of these.
(d) not exactly divisible by 4 223. A rich merchant had collected many more gold coins.
217. A child was asked to add first few natural He did not want anybody to know about him. One
numbers (i.e., 1 + 2 + 3 +......) so long his day, his wife asked, ‘how many gold coins do we
patience permitted. As he stopped he gave the have?’ After a brief pause, he replied, Well! if i
sum as 575.When the teacher declared the result devide the coins into twounequal numbers,then 48
wrong, the child discovered he had missed one times the difference between the two numbers
number in the sequence during addition. The equals the difference between the squares of the two
number he missed was : numbers.’ The wife looked puzzled. Can you help
(a) less than 10 (b) 10 the merchant’s wife by finding out how many gold
(c) 15 (d) more than 15 coins the merchant has?
218. The number of employees in Obelix Menhir Co. is a (a) 96 (b) 52
prime number and is less than 300. The ratio of the (c) 43 (d)None of these.
number of employees who are graduates and above, 224. Of 128 boxes of oranges each box contains atleast
to that of employees who are not, can possibly be : 120 and at most 144 oranges.The number of boxes
(a) 87 : 100 (b) 110 : 111 containing the same number of oranges is atleast :
(a) 5 (b) 123
(c) 85 : 98 (d) 97 : 84 (c) 6 (d) Cannot be determined.
219. When you reverse the digits of the number 13, the 225. Murli had to do a multiplication. Instead of taking
number increases by 18. How many other two- 35 as one of the multipliers, he took 53. As a result
digits number increase by 18 when their digits are went up by 540. What is the new product?
reversed? (a) 1050 (b) 1540
(a) 5 (b) 6 (c) 1440 (d) 1590
(c) 7 (d) 8 226. Three friends returning from a movie, stopped to eat
220. An intelligence agency forms a code of two distinct at a restaurant. After dinner, they paid their bill and
digits selected from 0, 1, 2, ........, 9such that first noticed a bowl of mints at the front counter. Vineet
digit of the code is non-zero. The code, handwritten took one-third of the mints, but returned four
on a slip, can however potentially create confusion because he had a monetary pang of guilt. Vikash then
when read upside down - foe example, the code 91 took one-fourth of what was left but returned three
may appear as 16. How many codes are there for for similar reason. Amit then took half of the
which no such confusion can arise? remainder but threw two back into the bowl. The
(a) 80 (b) 78 bowl had only 17 mints left when the raid was over.
How many mints were originally in the bowl?

Maths' Mirror Amit Kr. Verma

 Number System 6.23

(a) 38 (b) 31 (a) 100, 80 (b) 80, 60

(c) 41 (d) None of these. (c) 70, 50 (d) 60, 40
227. All the page number from book ‘Math’s Mirror’ are 234. At the first stop on his route, a driver unloaded 2/5
added, beginning at page 1. However one page of the packages in his van. After he unloaded another
number was added twice by mistake. The sum three packages at his next stop, 1/2 of the original
obtained was 1000. Which page number was added number of packages remained. How many packages
twice? were in the van before the first unloading?
(a) 44 (b) 45 (a) 25 (b) 10
(c) 10 (d) 12 (c) 30 (d) 36
228. Keshav is given 158 in one-rupee denominations. He 235. Mr. Subham forgot his telephone number. All he
has been asked to allocate them into a number of bags remembers is that the 1st digit of the number is an
such that any amount required between Re. 1 and Rs. even prime number and the rest of the telephone
158 can be given by handing out a certain number of number is square of a number comprising first four
bags without opening them.What is the minimum natural numbers in ascending order. What is his
number of bags required? telephone number?
(a) 11 (b) 12 (a) 31522756 (b) 21567432
(c) 13 (d) None of these. (c) 21730400 (d) 21522756
229. On being asked about the his age, Siddharth replied 236. Mohit wants to divide Rs. 100 into a number of bags
that is his age was increased by 6 years, the square so that one can ask for any amount between Re. 1 or
root of the resultant number obtained is equal to his Rs. 100, he can give the proper amount by giving
age decreased by 6 years. What is Siddharth’s age? certain numbe of bags without taking out the amount
(a) 10 years (b) 4 years from them. What is the minimum number of bags he
(c) 16 years (d) 6 years will require if each bag has whole number of rupees?
230. In an examination, a student answered 15 questions (a) 5 (b) 6
and secured 40 marks. If there were two types of (c) 7 (d) 8
questions 92 marks and 4 marks questions), how 237. Let a and b be natural numbers and such that ab + 1
many questions of 2 marks did he answer correctly? be divisible by 24. Then a + b is divisible by -
(a) 5 (b) 10 (a) 2 (b) 3
(c) 20 (d) 40 (c) 8 (d) All the above.
231. A lady went to the market with a few one-rupee
notes and a few 20-paise coins. When she returned,
she had as many one-rupee notesas she originally had ANSWERS-
20-paise coins and vice versa. She actually came back 1. (b) 2. (d) 3. (d) 4. (b) 5.
with about one-third of what she had gone with. (a) 6. (b) 7. (d) 8. (a) 9. (a)
How much did she spend in the market? 10. (a) 11. (c) 12. (a) 13. (c) 14.
(a) Rs. 14.40 (b) Rs. 14.70 (a) 15. (d ) 16. (b) 17. (d) 18. (b)
(c) Rs. 15.50 (d) Rs. 17.40 19. (a) 20. (b) 21. (d) 22. (a) 23.
232. A student was asked to a divide a number by 17/8. (b) 24. (d) 25. (a) 26. (a) 27. (b)
Instead, he actually multipied it by 17/8 and hence 28. (d) 29. (a) 30. (c) 31. (a) 32.
got 225 more than the expected answer? (c) 33. (a) 34. (b) 35. (c) 36. (a)
(a) 126 (b) 136 37. (c) 38. (b) 39. (b) 40. (d ) 41.
(c) 64 (d) 133 (a) 42. (c) 43. (b) 44. (d) 45. (b)
233. There are two examination halls, P and Q. If 10 46. (a) 47. (a) 48. (c) 49. (d) 50.
students are sent fron P to Q, then the number of (c) 51. (a) 52. (c) 53. (d) 54. (d)
students in each hall is the same. If 20 students are 55. (d) 56. (c) 57. (b) 58. (b) 59.
sent from Q to P, then the number of studentsin P is (b) 60. (a) 61. (d) 62. (a) 63. (c)
double of that in Q. The number of students in halls 64. (a) 65. (c) 66. (d) 67. (b) 68.
P and Q respectively are - (d) 69. (a) 70. (c) 71. (b) 72. (a)

Maths' Mirror Amit Kr. Verma

Number System 6.24
73. (b) 74. (d) 75.(i) (a) (ii). (c)
76.(i) (c) (ii). (a) (iii). (d) (iv). (b )
77.(i) (a) (ii). (a) (iii). (c) (iv). (b)
78. (c) 79.(i) (b) (ii). (d) (iii). (a)
(iv). (c) 80. (d) 81. (a) 82. (c)
83. (c) 84. (a) 85. (b) 86. (a)
87. (d) 88. (c) 89. (d) 90. (c)
91. (d) 92. (c) 93. (c) 94. (a)
95. (c) 96. (c) 97. (c) 98. (c)
99. (b) 100. (c) 101. (b) 102. (b)
103. (c) 104. (b) 105. (c) 106. (a)
107. (c) 108. (a) 109. (b) 110. (c)
111. (b) 112. (a) 113. (c) 114. (a)
115. (b) 116. (a) 117. (d) 118. (b)
119. (c) 120. (b) 121. (d) 122. (a)
123. (b) 124. (a) 125. (b) 126. (a)
127. (a) 128. (d) 129. (a) 130. (d)
131. (b) 132. (b) 133. (b) 134. (b)
135. (c) 136. (a) 137. (c) 138. (d)
139. (b) 140. (b) 141. (c) 142. (a)
143. (d) 144. (b) 145. (d) 146. (c)
147. (a) 148. (d) 149. (b) 150. (d)
151. (a) 152. (c) 153. (a) 154. (a)
155. (b) 156. (b) 157. (c) 158. (c)
159. (c) 160. (d) 161. (b) 162. (a)
163. (c) 164. (a) 165. (b) 166. (c)
167. (b) 168. (a) 169. (a) 170. (a)
171. (c) 172. (b) 173. (c) 174. (a)
175. (b) 176. (c) 177. (d) 178. (a)
179. (a) 180. (d) 181. (a) 182. (c)
183. (a) 184. (a) 185. (d) 186. (a)
187. (c) 188. (a) 189. (c) 190. (a)
191. (b) 192. (b) 193. (b) 194. (a)
195. (b) 196. (a) 197. (b) 198. (b)
199. (d) 200. (d) 201. (d) 202. (b)
203. (d) 204. (d) 205. (b) 206. (b)
207. (b) 208. (a) 209. (d) 210. (d)
211. (a) 212. (c ) 213. (d) 214. (c)
215. (c) 216. (a) 217. (d) 218. (d)
219. (b) 220. (c) 221. (b) 222. (b )
223. (d) 224. (c) 225. (d) 226. (d)
227. (c) 228. (d) 229. (a) 230. (b)
231. (a) 232. (b) 233. (a) 234. (c)
235. (d) 236. (c) 237. (d)

Maths' Mirror Amit Kr. Verma

Number System 6.25

+3
(A). SUCCESSIVE DIVISION
= 72 k + 69.
Remainder when the number is divided by 6, 4 & 3 =
1. 8 667 Remainder Remainder
7 83 3 6 69
5 11 6 5 11 3
2 1 3 2 1
2. The numbers will be in the form = (6 × 3 × 2) k + 2
[(3 × 1) + 2] × 6 + 1 = 36 k + 31. 10. Number in the form = 91 k + 86
 There are infinite value of k so we can't deter Remainder = (91k + 86) / 91
mine the number. 11. Number = xy + (xr2+r1 )
Can't be determine When above number is divided by xy it must leave
3. Numbers will be in the form = (8 × 5 × 3) k + [(2 remainder
× 5) + 4] × 8 + 6 = 120 k + 118 xr2 + r1
Least possible value of k = 0 12. list possible number = 16
Number = 120 × 0 + 118 = 118. Required Remainder = 1
4. Number will be in the form = (7 × 6 × 5 × 4) k +
{[(1 × 5) + 2] × 6 + 4} × 7 + 3 = 840 k + 325. (B). UNIT PLACE DIGIT
When k = 1
Number = 840 × 1 + 325 = 1165.  
13. Remainder of = 53 / 4 = 1, Unit digit = 71  7
5. Number in the form = (4 × 5 × 3) k + [10 × 5) + 2]
200 3
× 4 + 3= 60 k + 11 14. Remainder = = 3, Unit digit will be of  3 3   7
4
when k = 1, Number = 60 × 1 + 11 = 71
6. Number in the form = (4 × 5 × 2) k + [(1 × 5) + 2]
× 4 + 3 = 40 k + 31
23 3
15. Remainder = 4 = 3, Unit digit = 2  8  
As quoteint = 3 means k = 3. 105
Number = 40 × 3 + 31 = 151 16. Remainder =
4  
 1 , Unit digit = 7 1  7
7. Number in the form = (5 × 4 × 3) k + [(1 × 4) + 3] 17. Unit digit = 7 × 1 = 7.
× 5 + 4 = 60 k + 39.
18. 13  9  4 , Unit digit = 4.
As quoteint = 2 means k = 2
Number = 60 × 2 + 39 = 159. 19. 4 × 5 = 20, Unit digit = 0.
Remainder when the number is divided by 15 20. 3× 6 × 9 = 162 , Unit digit = 2.
= 159/15 = 9 21. 5×2=10, The unit will be always 0.
8. Number in the form = (6 × 4 × 3) k + [(1 × 4) +2] × 6 22. Unit digit of each number  6  4  10 , Unit digit =
+3 0.
= 72 k + 39 23. Unit digit  1  1  6  5  6  9  4
Remainder when the divisor are reversed = 24. Unit digit of 6 is always 6.
Remainder 25. Unit digit of each number = 2+9 = 11, Unit digit = 1.
3 39 26. Unit digit of each number = 2 – 2 = 0, Unit digit = 0.
4 13 0 27. Unit digit = 34 = 1.
6 3 1 28. Unit digit = 81 = 8.
3 3 29. Unit digit of each number =23 × 4 × 5, Unit digit will
9. Number in the form = (6 × 4 × 3) k + [(4 × 2) + 3] × 6 be 0.

Maths' Mirror Amit Kr. Verma

 Number System
30. Unit digit of each number = 71 × 82 × 1 × 6 , Unit digit
= 8.
31. Unit digit of each number =1 × 4 × 7 × 6 × 5
Unit digit = 0.
32. 1 + 2 + 6 + 24 + 5! + .................. + 99
From 5! the unit digit = 0 so we will check only upto 4!
Sum upto 4! = 1 + 2 + 6 + 24 = 33, Unit digit = 3
33. In product of given factorial, 2 and 5 come many times,
so unit digit must be 0.
(C). NUMBER OF NUMBER BETWEEN TWO GIVEN
NUMBER
34. The required number = 61.
35. Up to 500 there are 83 numbers divisible by 6.
Upto 800, there are 133 numbers divisible by 6.
So, total number of numbers from 500 to 800 = 133 -
83 = 50
36. Required number = 175 + 140 - 35 = 280
37. Required number = 75 + 42 - 10 = 107
38. Requiured number = 166 - 16 = 150
39. Required number = 199 - 19 = 180.
40. Required number = 16 - 3 = 13
(D). NUMBER OF ZEROES
41. 25 × 125 × 16 × 32 × 16
= 5 2  53  2 4  25  2 4
The number of 5 is 5 and the number of 2's is 13.
So, the number of zeroes will be 5.
42. 125 × 625 × 50 × 40  5 3  5 4  5 2  2  5  2 3
The number of 5's is 10.
The number of 2's is 4.
So, the number of zeroes will be 4.
43. 5 × 10 × 25 × 40 × 50 × 55 × 65 × 125 × 80
= 5 × 5 × 2 × 52 × 5 × 23 × 52 × 2 × 5 × 11 × 13 × 5 ×
53 × 24 × 5
The number of 5's is 13.
The number of 2's is 9.
So, the number of zeroes will be 9.
44. 57 × 60 × 30 × 15625 × 4096 × 625 × 875 × 975
= 19 × 3 × 5 × 22 × 5 × 2 × 3 × 56 × 212 × 54 × 7 × 53 ×
13 × 3 × 52
The number of 5's is 17.
The number of 2's is 15
So, the number of zeroes will be 15.
45. Required number = 26 + 5 + 1 = 32
46. Required number = 500 + 100 + 20 + 4 = 624.
47. Required number = 2248.
Maths' Mirror
6.26
48. At first, find the number of zeroes in 900!
180 + 36 + 7 + 1= 224
secondly, find the number of zeroes in 400!
80 + 16 + 3 = 99
Required number of zeroes = Number of zeroes in
900! - Number of zeroes in 400!
= 224 - 99 =125
49. Require number = 80 + 16 + 3 = 99.
50. 1 × 3 × 5 × 7 × .......... 887.
As there is no 2's, so there will be no zero.
51. 2 × 4 × 6 × 8 × ............. × 900
2 ×(1 × 2 × 3 × 4 × ............. × 450) = 450!
Required number =90 + 18 + 3 = 111
52. 2 × 4 × 6 × 8 × ......... 6000 = 2 × 3000!
Required number = 600 + 120 + 24 + 4 = 748
53. Required number of zeroes = 2
54. 3200 × 1000 × 40000 × 32000 × 15000000
Clearly, the number of zeroes is 18
But 15 = 5 × 3, this will also form a zero.
Required number of zeroes = 19.
55. Required number of zeroes = 16.
56. 77! × 42!
The required number of zeroes will be the sum of num-
ber of zeroes in 77! and in 42!
Required number of zeores = 18 + 9 = 27.
57. 100! + 200!
The required number of zeroes will be the minimum of
number of zeroes in 100! and in 200!.
Requried number of zeroes = 24.
58. 11  22  33  44  55  66  77  88  9 9  1010
The number of 5's will be less as compared to number
of 2's
Now, checking the number of 5's
55 will have five 5's
1010 will have five 5's
So, total number of 5's is fifteen
So, required number of zeroes = 15.
59. 100! × 200!
The required number of zeroes will be the sum of num-
ber of zeroes in 100! and in 200!
Required number of zeroes = 49 + 24 = 73
(E). DIVISION RULE
60. Divisor = 5 × 46 = 230
230
Quotient =  23
10
Dividend = 230 × 23 + 46 = 5290 + 46 = 533661.
Amit Kr. Verma
 Number System
Dividend = (100 × 403) + 58 = 40358
62. 1043 = Divisor × 11 + 20
1023 = Divisor × 11
Divisor = 93
63. When 116 is divided by 8, remainder = 4, so we
need to add 4.
64. The least 3 digit number divisible by 14 = 100 + 12
= 112.
65. Number to be added to make it divisible by 11
= 11 – 4 = 7.
66. 10
67. 14
68. Number to be added to make it divisible by 13
= 13 – 9 = 4
69. If we subtract 2 from 9999 the number will be divisible
by 13.
Largest 4 digit number divisible by 13 = 9999 – 2
= 9997.
70. If we add 19 – 12 = 7 to 1000 the number will be
divisible by 19.
The smallest 4 digit number divisible by 19 =
1000 + 7 = 1007.
71. If we add 13 – 10 = 3, the number will be divisible by
13.
The nearest number to 8746 which is divisible by 13 =
8746+3=8749.
72. We should add 19 – 6 = 13 to 10000 to make it
divisible by 19.
Number divisible by 19 = 10000 + 13 = 10013.
To get remainder 5, we should add 5 to 10013
Number = 10013 + 5 = 10018
73. If we subtract 2 from 9999 the number will be d i -
visible by 13 & 13 – 9 = 4 more get remainder 9.
Largest 4 digit number divisible by 13 = 9999 – 2
= 9997.
We should subtract 2 to make it divisible by 13.
Number = 9999 – 2 – 4 = 9993
74. We should add 8 to 1000 to make it divisible by 16 and
3 more.
To get 3 as remainder = 1008 + 3 = 1011.
75. We should add 17 – 9 = 8 to 927 to make it divisible by
17.
Number divisible by 17 = 927 + 8 = 935.
(i) To get remainder 1 we should add 9 to 927
(ii) To get remainder 15, we should add 6 to 927.
76. We should subtract 7 from 1632 to make it divisible
by13.
Number = 1632 – 7 = 1625
(i) To get remainder 1, subtract 6 from 1632,
Maths' Mirror
6.27
(ii) It give remainder 4, subtract 3 from 1632,
(iii) It give remainder 9, subtact 11 from 1632,
(iv) It give remainder 12, subtract 8 from 1632.
77. We should subtract 2 from 9999 to make it divisible by
13 = 9999 – 2 = 9997
(i) To get remainder 1, number = 9998
(ii) To get remainder 5, number = 9997 – 8 = 9989
(iii) To get remainder 9, number = 9997 – 4 = 9993
(iv) To get remainder 12, number = 9997 – 1 = 9996
78. We should subtract 11 from 999 to be exactly divisible
by 13.
(i) To get remainder 0, number = 999-11 = 988
(ii) To get remainder 1, number = 989
(iii) To get remainder 5, number =
(iv) We should subtract 992 to get remainder 8.
(v) We should subtract 997 to get remainder 12.
79. Last 4 digit number is 1000.
(i) We should subtract 1011 from 12724 to get remain-
der zero, when divided by 13.
(ii) We should subtract 1009 to get remainder 2.
(iii) We should subtract 1006 to get remainder 5.
(iv) We should subtract 1012 to get remainder 12.
(F). RULES OF DIVISIBILITY
80. For a number to be divisible by 11, (sum of number on
even place) - (sum of number on odd place) = 0 or 11 =
(4 + 3 + 7 + 8) - (8 + 2 + *) = 11
22 - 10 - * = 11 = 12 – 11 = 1.
81. For a number to be divisible by 9, sum of all the digits
27  *
should be divisible by 9  ,*=0
9
82. 50436 is not divisible by 18.
83. 537804 is exactly divisible by 24.
84. 978626
85. (5 + 3 + 5) - (k + 4 + 7)  13 - k - 11 = 0  k = 2
86. (* + 8) - (3 + 1) = * + 4, when value of * will be 7, then
number must be divisible by 11.
87. (8 + 2 + 4) - (6 + *) , when value of * will be 8, then
number must be divisible by 11.
5  4  3  2  * 7 21 *
88.  = when value of * will
9 9
be 6, then number must be divisible by 9.
89. These types of number are always divisible by 7, 11,
13.
90. These types of number are always divisible by 101.
(G). REMAINDER THEOREM
91. When it is divided by 17 the remainder will be = 36
Amit Kr. Verma
Number System 6.28
÷17 = 2 1    2    3    2    3    4  144
92. When it is divided by 13, the remainder will be = 29 ÷    11 ,
19 19
13 = 3
Remainder = 11
93. When it is divided by 15, the remainder will be = 47 ÷
15 = 2 27  40  43  67  27  40  66
106.
52 53 35 36 6986 13
94.
17
1  1   4    2   1  1  1
When 52 is divided by 17, remainder = 1. Similarly-  = (8 - 1) / 13 = 7
13
1   2  1   2  1  1  4
 = i.e., remainder = 4 Remainder = 7
17 17
5 3 5 4  6 9  7 0  8 8  5 5 58  59  39  40  41  58  59
95. 17 107.
19
 2   3  1   2   3   4  44
   8 (Remainder) 6
17 17
(1 × 2 + 1 × 2 × 3 - 1 × 2) / 19  ,
58  78  39  77  96  115
19
96. , Remainder = 2 Remainder = 6
19
1 3 3
53 66 38 63 1  1  1 2  1 1   132  2 108. (153×3) / 19  
19
= 3, Remainder = 3
97.  13 , 19
13 13
Remainder = 2
5 2  5 3 7 0  8 7 1   2   2   2  8
 20  528 1 528 1
98.   , 109.    1 , Remainder = 1
17 17 17 19 19
19
Remainder = 8
528 528
56  55 77  94 39  1 2 1 11 2 110.
18    1 
1
 1 , Remainder = 1
99.   
19
19 19 19 19 19
Remainder = 17 743 743
1
111.    1
18
   18 , Remainder = 18
3 9 3 1 3 3 19 19 19
100. 1 9   Remainder = 3
19 19
309
101.
7 3 7 5 9 9  80  9 2  3 4 11 9
19
112. 51927 / 7 = 2927 / 7   23  
8 309
7 7
48 60
=(-3 × -1 × 4 × 4 × -3 × -4 × 5) / 19 
19 1309 1 , Remainder = 1
 
7 7
(10 × 3) / 19 = 30 / 19 = 11, Remainder = 11
Alternatively,
295
102.  9 6  1 2 9 5  1 , Remainder = 1 Using Fermate Theorem, it can be solved.

19 19 19 113. Using Fermate Theorem, it can be solved.As divisor is
93  92  66  40 2 111 5 7 ,so power should be divided by 6.
103. 
13
  5,
13 13 44  929 44 
5
2 
5

Remainder = 5 = = , Rem. = 4
7 7 7
35  36  52  69  86  69 1 2 1 111 114. As 7 is a prime number, so divide power by 7 - 1= 6
104.  3
5  927 = 5  = 2   8  1 , Rem. = 6
3
17 17
Remainder = 2 7 7 7 7 7
9 6  9 7  98  7 8  4 1  4 2 115. As 5 is a prime number, so divide power by 5 - 1= 4
105.
19

Maths' Mirror Amit Kr. Verma

Number System 6.29
1
28  913 2 8  3 5 50 52
= = , Rem. = 3 130. = , Remainder =13 - 1 = 12
5 5 5
13 13
116. (18527×38) / 34 = (18×38) / 34 = (18×4) / 34
50 25 25
131. 5   25
Rem. = 4. 1 1
 
, Remainder = 1
26  526
 19 26 19 494 12 12 12 12
117. = = , Rem. = 8
54 54 54 132. Remainder = 1
118. Remainder = 4 722 722
14  1 1
133.   , Remainder = 1
98 1 18 1 2 15 15 15
119.   , Remainder = 2
8 8 8 134. Remainder = 5
120. As we know that when number is divided by 10 it 135. Remainder = 2
leaves remainder what comes at unit place.
2
36 36
Required remainder = unit digit = 4 8 8 12 12 84 232 22
136. = =   2    4
10
10
10
100
10
1000
10
10000 6 6 6 6 6 6 6
121.   
6 6 6 6 Remainder = 4
= 4  4  4  4  16 137. (63×2) / Divisor = 55 (remainder)
When 16 is divided by 6, remainder is 4.  Divisor = 63×2-55 = 126 - 55 = 71
138. (437 + 198) / Divisor = 236 (Remainder)
2 50  51  101
122.  50   42925  Divisor = 437 + 198 - 236 = 399
6
139. Divisor = 8 × 5 - 7= 40 - 17 = 23
42925 140. For last two digits, number should be divided by
  Remainder is 1.
7 100 = 101 × 102 × 103 × 104 × 99 × 98 × 97
= 1 × 2 × 3 × 4 × 9 × 8 × 7= 56.
2
3  50  51  216 216
123.  5 0     1625625  913  1 1
 2  141.    1 , Remainder = 1
8 8 8
1625625
  Remainder is 1.
7
(H). FACTOR THEOREM
152 142. 73 - 43 = 30
124. , Remainder is 0.
8 Since, 30 is completely divisible by 5, so remainder =0
748 143. 37 + 43= 80 is a common factor.
125. , Remainder is 123. 144. 127 + 197 = 224 is a common factor.
125
145. 42 - 2 = 40 , it will be divisible by 40.
126. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, .............................. 48 49 is
146. 17 - 15 = 2, It will be divisible by 2.
divided by 8.
849
147.  a  b  is a factor..
, i.e., Remainder is = 1.
8 148.  a  b  and  a b  are factors.
127. 1234 ..................... 4142
This type of number is divisible by 3 always so, re- 149. x 2 n 1  y 2 n 1 , 2 n  1 is always odd.  
mainder is 0.
128. Let the number is 9, when it is divided by 6, remainder = (x + y) is a factor.
is 3, when 81 is divided by 6 remainder is 3. 150. All of avobe
151. 116 is a factor.
33
73  43
33 33 33
73  43 3033 152. 34n - 43n = 81n - 64n = 17 is the factor.
129. = =
5 5 5 153. 5 3 n  2 6 n = 125n - 64n = 60 is the factor..
Remainder = 0

Maths' Mirror Amit Kr. Verma

 Number System 6.30
n
154.  4 1   1 1  1  1  0 . So, unit digit will be 0.  4  5  6  7 = 840
12 28 16
155.  5 2 7 3 2 3   4 7 3 3 2 3 = 1000. As it not given in 173.
6  35  15
17 5 44
12
6  21
11  7 3 5
option, so best option is 500.
156. 23 + 19 = 42 Number of Prime factor  66
157. 43 + 23 = 66, so 11 is a common factor. 174. 1280  2 8  51 , Number of factor =18
158. By 24, the product any 4 consecutive natural number
is exactly divisible. 175. 620  311  2 2  51 ,
159. By 48, the product of any 3 consecutive even natural
Number of factor  2  3  2  12
number is exactly divisible.
160. Let 2 numbers be 5 and 3. 176.  45 15   5  3  3 15  515  330
2 2
5  3  5  3  5 3  = 8 & 2 Number of factor  16  31  496
This is always divisible by 8. 9
177.  75 9  5 2 3
 
(I). DIFFERENT TYPE OF FACTOR
Number of factor  18 1  9 1  190
10800 = 2 4  33  5 2
1
161. There are only 3 types of prime factor i.e., 2, 3, 5. 178. 842   421  21 , Total even factor 1  2=2
162. The number of prime factor = 4 + 3 + 2 = 9
163. Number of factor = (4 + 1) (3 + 1) (2 + 1) = 5 × 4 × 3 179. 4 20  31  2 2  71  51
= 60 Even factor = 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 = 16
164. Number of factor except 1 and itself = 60 - 2 = 58
180. 8 4 0  2 3  31  7 1  51
165. Number of even factor =4×4×3 = 48
166. Number of odd factor = 4 × 3 = 12 Odd factor = 2×2×2 = 16
6

 2 5  1   3 4  1  5 3  1 181. 150 6 = 2 3 5 5   13  7  91 (Odd factors)

167. Sum of factor =
2 1 31 51 182. 340  2 2  171  51
80 124
 31 
2

4
 38440 Sum of factor 
 2 21  1  17 2  1   52  1 = 756
2 1 17  1 5 1
168. Sum of factor except 1 and itself.
Sum of all factor = 38440 except 1 and 10800 = 38440 183. 6 8 0  1 7 1  2 3  51
- 1 - 10800 = 27639 Sum of factor = (172 - 1)/(17-1) × (24 - 1)/(2-1) × (52 -
60 30 1) / (5-1)  1620
169. Product of factor = 1 0 8 0 0  2  10800 
184. 640  2 7  51
170. Total factor = 60
Number can be represented as product of two number Total factor   7  11  1  16
= 30 16 8
171. 2 1 6 0  2 4  3 3  5 Product of factor   640  2   640 

 2 5 1   3 4 1   5 2 1  185. Total factor   4  1 4  1  25

Sum of factor       
 2 1   3 1   5 1 
     
25 2 28 25
= 31/1 × 80/2 × 24/4 = 7440 Product  1 2 9 6  2   3 6    3 6 
2
172. 2 3  3 4  4 5  5 6
(J). NUMBER OF NUMBER IS A GIVEN FACTORIAL.
Number of factor   3  1 4  1 5  1 6  1 186. Find number of 5

Maths' Mirror Amit Kr. Verma

 Number System 6.31
Required number = 30 + 6 + 1 = 37 54
187. 12  2  2  3  x y   6
9
As there are two 2's and one 3's, we have check both
198. 5
Number of 2's and 3's.
199. As many numbers are possible with this difference, so
Number of 2's = 78 + 39 + 19 + 9 + 4 + 2 + 1 = 152
we can't determine the sum of digits.
Number of 3's = 52 + 17 + 5 + 1 = 75
As to form 12, we need two 2's and one 3's and here 1
there are seventy six 2's and seventy five 3's so we may 200. 10 x  y  10 y  x  x  y
9
conclude.
Require number = 75 1
9 x  y   x  y  We can't determine the sum of
188. Required number = 71 + 10 + 1 = 82 9
189. 2520 = 23 × 32 × 7 × 5 digits by this data so the data is inadequate.
It will depend on value of 7 , Required number =7. 201. There are many numbers possible of this type.
190. As above, it will depend on value of 7, For example, 22 - 2 = 20, 24 - 4 = 20.
Required number =7 So, we can't find any specific number, data is inad-
191. 42 × 57 × 92 × 91 × 52 × 62 × 63 × 64 × 65 × 66 × 67 equate.
we will check for number of 7 (42 = 6 × 7), as 7's is 202. Let the number is xy.
more than 6's. = 42 ×(19 × 3) × (46 × 2) × (13 × 7) ×
(13 × 4) × (31 × 2) × (9 × 7) × (8 × 8) × (13 × 5) × (11 x  y  x  y  6
× 6) × 67. x yx y 6
As number of 7's is 3, so it will be divisible 423.
192. 30 = 2 × 5 × 3 2 y  6  y  3 , Then x = 6
570 × 60 × 30 × 90 × 100 × 500 × 700 × 343 × 720 ×81 Required Number = 63
= 2 13× 511 × 310
1
Number of 3's is less, so required answer = 10 203.  x  y    xy  , 7 x  7 y  xy
193. Required number = 29 + 5 + 1 = 35 7
194. As 6 involve 2 and 3, so required answer will be num- Different value of x and y will give different number,
ber of 3's. so the data is inadequate.
Required number = 48 + 16 + 5 + 1 = 70 204. 63 is the number which satisfies the given condition.
195. 900 = 22 × 32 × 52 205. 24 is the number which satisfies the given condition.
Required number will depend on number of 5's which 206. By solving through options, we get 64 is the number.
is (80 + 16 + 3) = 99 207. By option, 79 is the number.
As to form 900, there is requirement of 2 fives so 208. Go through option, 48 is the number.
required number = 49 209. Go through option, 26 is the number.
210. Go through option, 24 is the number.
(K). PROBLEMS BASED ON NUMBER AND EQUA- 211. Let number is x, y, z.
TION. = (100x + 10y + z) - (x + y + z) = (99x + 9y)
196. 10 x  y  10 y  x  88  9 11x  y 
11  x  y   88 This will be always be divisible by 9.
212. As we know that any number written six times is di-
88 visible by 7, so 999999 must be divisible by 7.
 x y   8 Required number = 6
11
197. 10 x  y  10 y  x  54 (L). MISCELLANEOUS
9 x  9 y  54 213. For example, if m  5, n  3

9  x  y   54 = m 2  n 2  5 2  3 2 = 16 is divisible by 8.

Maths' Mirror Amit Kr. Verma

 Number System
If, m  7, n  5
= 7 2  5 2 = 49 - 25 = 24 is also divided by 8.
Required number = 8
2
 
214. n n  1  n  n  1   n  1 
Smallest value of n  3 (odd)
 3  3  1 3  1
 3  4  2  24 , is divisible by 24.
2
 
215. n n  2 0 , smallest value of n  2 (even)
2  2
2
 20   2  2 4  4 8 is divisible by 48.
216. m  m  2  m  4 
Smallest value of m  1 (positive integer)
1  3  5   15 , this is exactly divisible by 3.
217. Let us first try to see that summation till what number
gives us a value close to 575.
Sum of the natural numbers from 1 - 10 = 55
Sum of the natural numbers from 11 - 20 = 155
Sum of the natural numbers from 21 - 30 = 255
Net summation from 1 - 30 = 55 + 155 + 255 = 465, so
we are required to add some more numbers.
Next numbers = 31, summation from 1 - 31 = 496
Next numbers = 32, summation from 1 - 32 = 528
Next numbers = 33, summation from 1 - 33
561
Next numbers = 34, summation from 1 - 34
595
Hence, child has missed out 595 - 575 = 20
218. The sum of the numerator and denominator of the ratio
should be a prime number. Note that the number of
employees is less than 300.
(a) 87 : 100 = 87 + 100 = 187, 187 × 2  300
87 is not a prime number.
(b) 110 : 111 = 110 + 111 = 221, 221 × 2  300
221 is not a prime number.
(c) 85 : 98 = 85 + 98 = 183, 183 × 2  300
183 is not a prime number.
Hence, option (d) is the answer.
219. We know that xy - yx = 9(x-y), where xy is a two digit
number and xy  yz. So, x - y = 2
The possible pairs of (x, y) is (3, 1) (4, 2) (5, 3) (6, 4)
(7, 5) (8, 6) (9, 7)
Maths' Mirror
6.32
But we want the number other than 13 so, there are 6
possible numbers are there i.e., 24, 35, 46, 57, 68, 79.
So total possible numbers are 6.
220. Total codes which can be formed = 9 × 9 = 81. (Dis-
tinct digit codes)
The digits which can confuse are 1, 6, 8, 9 and from
these digits we can form the codes = 4×3 = 12. Out of
these 12 codes two numbers 69 and 96 will not create
confusion. Therefore, (12 - 2) = 10 codes will create a
confusion.Therefore, total codes without confusion =
81 - 10 = 71.
221. Go through options.
Choice (b) 54 S = (5 + 4) 2 = 81
= D - S = 81 - 54 = 27. Hence, the number = 54.
222. Since theif escaped with 1 diamond.
Before 3rd watchman he had (1 + 2) × 2 = 6
Before 2nd watchman he had (6 + 2) × 2 = 16
Before 1st watchman he had (16 + 2) × 2 = 36
Alternative method, Go through options.
223. Let the number of gold coins = x + y
48(x - y) = x2 - y2
48(x - y) = (x - y) (x + y) = x + y = 48
224. There are 25 different possibilities if there are 26 boxes,
atleast 2 boxes contain the same mber of oranges (i.e.,
even if each of the 25 boxes contain a different number
of oranges, the 26th must contain one of these num-
bers). Similarly, if there are 51 boxes atleast three boxes
contain the same number of oranges.
Hence, atleast 6 boxes have same number of oranges
for 128 boxes.
=
225. Let the number be x.
Increase in product = 53x - 35x = 18x
=
= 18x = 540 x = 30
Hence, new product = 53 × 30 = 1590.
226. Vineet was the first person to pick and he picks up
1
3rd of the mint. Going through the options, none of
the options is a multiple of 3.Hence option (d) is the
answer.
227. Let the total number of pages be n.
n
Let number x be repeated. Then,   X = 1000
i 1
n (n + 1) / 2 + x = 1000
Thus, n (n + 1) / 2 is less than or equal to 1000 gives
n = 44
Since, n (n + 1) / 2 = 990 (for n = 44)
Hence, x = 10
228. Number of one-rupee coins = 158. Possible arrange-
ments of coins are listed as 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64 and 31.
Amit Kr. Verma
 Number System 6.33
give Rs. 5, Rs. 6 and Rs. 7 and next bag will be one
Number of arrangements = 8.
containing Rs. 8 and so on. Thus he would have bags
Also understand that there are going to be a large num-
with Re. 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32. Sum of which is 63 and
ber of different sets of 8 bags only, and this particular
remaining 37 can be put in the last bag. So, total num-
set is not the only one. One more set other than what
ber of bags is 7. Hence, (c).
we have seen here is 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 63, 32.
237. a + b will be divisible by 24. Hence, all four numbers
229. Go through options.
will divide a + b.
10 + 6 = 16
10 - 6 = 4
(4)2 = 16
230. Suppose number of 2-mark questions = x
Suppose number of 4-mark questions = y
x + y = 15
2x + y = 40, x = 10, y = 5
231. Originaly, the lady had, say, x One-rupee notes and y
20-paise coins.
On returning, she had y one-rupee notes and x
20-paise coins.
1 y y x
The balance was Rs. (x+ ) = (x+ ) - (y+ ) =
3 5 5 5

1 y x 13
(x+ ) = y =
3 5 7
If we take x = 13 and y = 7, then originally she had Rs.
14.40 with her. On returning, she had Rs. 9.60. It
means that the lady spent Rs. 4.80 or a multiple
of Rs. 4.80 i.e., Rs. 14.40.
232. Assume x is the number.
17 x
x× - = 225 = 225x = 136 × 225.
8 17 / 8
So, x = 136.
233. Go through options. x = 100, y = 80.
234. Suppose there were x packages originally.
x 2x x
- = 3, = (5x - 4x) / 10 = 3, = = 3, = x = 30
2 5 10
235. 1st digit being even prime number is 2. Hence, option a
is ruled out.
The next digit is square value of 1234. So it should end
in 6. Hence (d).
Alternatively,
1st digit is 2 and next part = (1234)2 = 1522756
Hence the number is 21522756.
236. If Mohit has to give 1 rupee he needs a bag with Re. 1.
For 2 rupees he had two bags with Re. 1 each or Rs. 2
bag. To have minimum bags he he has a bag with Rs.
Now with the two bags he can give Rs. 3. So next he
will require a bag with Rs. 4. With these three he can

Maths' Mirror Amit Kr. Verma