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Chapter 1: Introduction
Apex Footwear Ltd. (AFL) business operations initiated on January 04 1990 and were listed on
Dhaka Stock Exchange on November 7, 1993 (About us, 2017). Apex means ‘the peak’ or ‘the
zenith’. The 2 decade journey started from the inspiration of leather business and later expanded
into shoe making. As the largest shoemaker in the subcontinent, AFL holds 15% share of leather
footwear export in Bangladesh amounting to a massive $1.1 billion leather export. AFL employs
approximately 5500 workers, most of whom are female contributing to produce stylish leather
shoes. AFL shoe designs are inspired by latest international footwear trend. The influence is then
converted to sophisticated leather shoes by in-house Italian & Taiwanese designers. AFL also
desires to be a role model in developing people and helping environment. AFL believes in
valuing people through continuous development & making a path for higher achievements (Apex
Footwear Limited unit-1: shoe-maker to the world, 2017).
Macy’s 5 Star Award 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014 & 2015: In recognition of the continued
support and outstanding service in the development of Macy’s private brands and labels,
Apex has won the Macy's 5 Star Award for 6 consecutive years (Recognition, 2017).
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WRAP Gold Certification: Apex Footwear Limited achieved its WRAP Gold certification in
2012. Apex is the first leather footwear company in Bangladesh achieved WRAP
certification. The certification is valid till August 4, 2017. Tannery unit is also included
under the umbrella of this certificate (Recognition, 2017).
The UN Global Compact: The UN Global Compact is a strategic policy initiative for
businesses that are committed to aligning with ten universally accepted principles for human
rights, labor, environment and anti-corruption. Apex Footwear Limited is an active supporter
of the UN Global compact since 2007 (Recognition, 2017).
Compliance Certification by Business Social Compliance Initiative: Apex is in compliance
with the BSCI (Business Social Compliance Initiative) standard since 2009. The recent
evaluation on new BSCI standard was conducted in May 2016 and is valid till April 2017
(Recognition, 2017).
SEDEX Compliance: SEDEX commonly known as Suppliers Ethical Data Exchange is a
standard for social accountability for workers’ rights. Apex is in compliance with the
standard since March 2015 (Recognition, 2017).
Dun & Bradstreet Rating Agency Award as one of Bangladesh’s top 500 Companies
(Recognition, 2017)
MCCI Centenary Award (Recognition, 2017)
Bangladesh Business Awards-2002 to Mr. Syed Manzur Elahi as the Business Person of the
year (Recognition, 2017)
National Export Trophy - Silver 1991-1992 (Recognition, 2017)
National Export Trophy - Gold 1993-1994 (Recognition, 2017)
National Export Trophy - Gold 1995-1996 (Recognition, 2017)
National Export Trophy - Gold 1996-1997 (Recognition, 2017)
National Export Trophy - Gold 1997-1998 (Recognition, 2017)
National Export Trophy - Gold 1998-1999 (Recognition, 2017)
AFL aims to sustain its success of being the market leader in both local and foreign markets and
simultaneously strive to establish a social footprint through its regular CSR projects. AFL plans
to invest big in developing the people capacity of its organization and hence create a competitive
workforce that would contribute to ensure the success of AFL in the long run (Ahmed, 2017).
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As per (About us, 2017) AFL continues to reach for the vision of
‘Honest Growth’
AFL strives to achieve its goal through maintain the following values (About us, 2017).
Respect for
Integrity
People
Empowerment Courage
AFL registered head office is situated in House No. 06, Road No. 137 Block - SE(D), Gulshan-1
Dhaka-1212, Bangladesh (Company profile, 2017)
The Factory is situated in Chandra, P.S. Kaliakoir Dist. Gazipur Bangladesh (Company profile,
2017) for both local manufacturing and export.
Product Category
• Men’s: In men’s section AFL produces formal or dress shoes. It also makes boots,
sandals and shoes for casual occasions.
• Ladies: For ladies AFL makes both boots and long boots
• Children: AFL makes dress shoes, boots and sandals for children
• AFL also makes men and women moccasins
AFL also carries a variety of top class international brands. For men, AFL carries different forms
of shoes, boots, athletic shoes and formal or casual shoes from Venturini, Sprint and Maverick
(Our brands, 2017). All products can also be availed through AFL online store in their website.
For women, AFL carries shoes such as boots, heels, casual sandals from Moochie, Nino Rossi,
and Sandra Rosa (Our brands, 2017).
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For children, it carries party shoes to school shoes from Twinkler and School Smart (Our brands,
2017).
Fig 10: Dr. Mauch Brand from socks, bags to shoe care products (Our brands,
2017). Apart from the product, customers can also visit the AFL website online and view all the
products through its online membership service (Ahmed, 2017).
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AFL has the following In House Facilities (In house facilities, 2017)
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• Bonded warehouse license enable us to import any material from anywhere in the world Duty
free for re-export
• Sourcing Knowledge & experience with Long term relationships with the Global leaders in
Shoe components from Italy, Germany, Taiwan, India.
Technomac S.r.l , Italy (Sole Mould),Top Fondi S.r.l, Italy (Out Sole), Enkay Taiwan.
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Texon International, Germany (Insole Board) Lederfars ereverk Stoff GmbH, Germany
(Counter) Anteres S.r.l, Italy (Counter) Forestali, S.r.l, Italy [Toe puff Sheet ] F. Lli Bartoli S.p a,
Italy (Shank board) Baco Metallic Industry, India (Stee) Shank)
Nouovo Stringhificio Salentino, Italy (Shoe Lace) Proter S.r.l, Italy (Welt)
Kenda Farben S.p.a , Italy (Finishing Chemicals) Kezal-Mar S.r.l, Italy (Varnish] Essebi S.r.l ,
Italy [Rod Cement Polymide) ADB, Thailand (Adhesive& TPR) Chandra Chemical Industries,
India. (Adhesive).
Thread India Pvt. Ltd, India (Thread) Optima Footwear Company Ltd, Taiwan (Interlinings)
Versatile, India
Checkpoint, Europe Avery Dennison, Europe James & Alice, Taiwan (Composition Labels)
Technology
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AFL has conducted the following philanthropic activities (CSR Social Compliance, 2017)
• Apex Footwear Limited as a part LFMEAB donated Tk. 5m for the medical treatment of
the survivors of Rana Plaza Tragedy at Savar. & through its sister concern Apex Pharma,
it also donated Tk. 150,000 worth of medicine for the victims.
• Formed Board level CSR Committee with allocated budget
• Provided stipend to the local school children for their education
• Co-Sponsored “Knowledge Centre” by Bangladesh Brand Forum.
• Participated in Beautification Program of Farm Gate Area of Dhaka.
• Donated for Flood, Cyclone victims.
• Sponsored first ever Industry Centre of Excellence for Leather (COEL), first of its kind in
Bangladesh.
AFL also provided the following services for the employees (CSR Social Compliance, 2017)
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During my internship period, I was assigned to the marketing department and worked for almost
all the functions of the marketing team. My job responsibilities are as follows:
Branding activities of new products: I was assigned the responsibility to supervise the
branding initiatives of the brand Sprint, when they introduced new line of shoes. My task was to
execute the initial branding activities of Sprint. Moreover, I was assigned the task to design and
place Table Top promotional materials in different stores for the new shoes of Sprint. I
composed the content and feature of the shoes and ensured the design and creation of the
promotional material on time and proper placement in all stores the new product.
Placing posters for wholesale partners: I was also designated to design promotional posters for
wholesale partners. Whenever there was a new product, offer or promotion, I would compose the
necessary content and get the posters designed and placed appropriately, and so wholesale
partners are aware of the activities of AFL and can manage their business with us accordingly.
Newsletter launching: I was involved with the team to create a marketing newsletter for
customers. The newsletter focused on AFL promotions for Valentine’s Day and Women’s day. I
was given the responsibility to make the content for the promotional offers and assist in the
overall design, layout and release of the newsletter.
Organizing events: I was also involved with the team designated to organize 2 events. The first
event was the Annual Sales Conference which was a program designed to appreciate and engage
all sales representatives and sales team of AFL. The other event was the Annual Family Picnic at
Nandan Park. On both occasions, I was in charge of the internal promotion of these events and
had to ensure the smooth organization and flow of the events.
Meeting coordination: I was in charge of collecting all reports from each function of the
marketing team to be presented on the Coordination Meeting held every Sunday and Thursday.
My responsibility was to prepare all necessary reports and ensure the meeting was held on time
with the presence of all necessary team members. I was also responsible to report the actions and
decisions of the meeting which had to be carried forward to the subsequent meetings.
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Conducting data entry for e-commerce: During my internship, I also got involved in listing
down all relevant products for the e-commerce business of AFL. I would record the relevant and
necessary lists of data for each product and design a system in Microsoft Excel to ensure the data
can be searched, interpreted and used properly by the team.
Graphics Team: The graphics team was in charge of creatively designing all promotional and
marketing materials for Apex brand. They were in charge of visual design and size of the
materials so the overall finished products looks great. The graphics team had to interpret the
impact on market Apex wanted to create as a brand and design original designs accordingly to
attract the attention span of customers. (Ahmed, 2017).
Branding: The branding team was in charge of the overall branding strategy of Apex and its
affiliated brands. The branding team brainstormed the long term and short term strategy for AFL
brands in accordance to the sales and branding targets. The branding team would also design
campaigns, events, promotional offers and maintain partner relationships (Ahmed, 2017).
E-commerce: The e-commerce team is an emerging team who has introduced the online store
platform for AFL. The e-commerce team ensures that all the products are listed and displayed
correctly on the website and customers can purchase the products with ease using their online
payment systems. The team was also in charge of ensuring the security of the purchase process
(Ahmed, 2017).
Operations: The operations team was in charge of the on-field execution. Their task was to
survey every retailer, wholesaler, partner areas and location and strategize the best spots to place
the promotional materials of AFL brands. The team would also be involved in negotiations with
local authorities for the placement of the materials and also keep a good relationship with
vendors for the timely execution and release of marketing materials. The operations team also
had to keep in touch with sales team and partners to ensure AFL brands were given priority over
other brands (Ahmed, 2017).
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During my internship period, I identified the following areas in the workplace that required
improvement for better functioning of the team:
Graphics team’s sense of urgency: Marketing team generally runs on deadlines. These
deadlines are put into more focus when marketing campaigns are targeted towards a specific
international or national day. Furthermore, meeting marketing deadlines are important for
competitive purposes. However, campaigns and promotional poster placement are often delayed
mostly due to the delay of the graphics team to design stunning visuals. The graphics team, being
a creative function, generally seems to take more time than usual to create visuals. This leads to
promotional poster placement being delayed and campaign and event dates to be delayed as well.
This is a major challenge which must improve upon to stay ahead of the industry competition.
Financial budget allocation: Budget is one of the most important elements of a marketing
strategy. However, the AFL marketing team sometimes faces challenges as the limited financial
budget is pulled to other projects. At times, the budget is allocated to a more priority project,
which leads to the marketing team to execute its strategy under a lower budget, ultimately
affecting the campaigns quality and impact on the market.
Another challenge we faced during execution was the approval and arrival of the budget.
Allocation of any amount of budget for a promising marketing campaign required a stream of
signatures from higher authorities, which would often delay the proper execution of the project.
AFL needs to work on these challenges to ensure the marketing team can work with full
empowerment and provide the best quality in the face of stiff competition in the industry.
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Reduced Marketing Budget: Due to the recent orders provided to Hazaribagh tannery to
relocate and creating barriers in their operation (HC asks for list of Hazaribagh tanners by June
13, 2016) has led Apex to face challenges in keeping up with its production rate. This has
affected economies of scale and has resulted in reduced marketing budget forecasts. This will
mean that the AFL marketing team may have to do cost control or reduce number of campaigns
if they want to maintain every campaign quality.
Lack of attendance monitoring: The working hours of AFL have been made very flexible.
Employees have been given enough flexibility to come and go as they please, provided they meet
their business and operational targets. This policy often leads to challenges as individual teams
attendance timing do not match and they hardly find enough time to work together in sync. This
results in missed deadlines and delayed work.
Brand Strategy: AFL finds it challenging sometimes when it comes to working together for a
common purpose. Miscommunication and missed deadlines becomes a regular challenge for the
marketing team. One way to explain this occurrence is AFL marketing team must determine and
educate themselves and other departments of their brand strategy. As per (Spacey, 2015), A
brand strategy is a plan to reach a company's goals for a brand such as establishing a position and
identity in the market. The brand strategy will allow all team members to work in sync and
understand the urgency of each task. The brand strategy will also allow the marketing team to
plan their Integrated Marketing Communications (IMC).
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Brand Perception and Brand Recognition: The successful implementation of IMC will lead to
AFL brands to determine its brand perception and recognition in customer minds. AFL can
conduct a research to find out AFL brands perception in the market and implement campaigns to
strengthen or rectify the perception. Brand recognition is the extent to which the public can
correctly identify products and services by their brand including factors such as logo, color,
slogan or style. In many cases, customers are more likely to choose a brand they have heard of,
even if they know nothing about it (Spacey, What is brand recognition, 2015).
Brand perception is consumers' ability to identify the brand under different conditions, as
reflected by their brand recognition or recall performance (Theories and relevant models about
branding, 2015)
Visual Branding: Another major challenge in AFL is the issue of the graphics team not being
able to deliver on time or sacrifice quality to meet deadline. The graphics team needs to work on
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the theories of visual branding. The graphics team must work on building the correct visual
branding. Some of the aspects of Visual Branding that are important for AFL are:
Educating the graphics team on these aspects will help them understand their expectations better
in the workplace.
The internal team must understand the importance of visual branding. As per (Bradford, 2015)
the brands appearance is critical for differentiating itself from its competition. Furthermore, the
consistency in visual identity builds trust among customers, leading to a positive brand
perception and brand image. A well-recognized and trusted brand appearance and identity
promotes the idea that your business is honest and dependable. Thus, it leads to a more consistent
and efficient framework to work with and leads to better brand identity in customer minds.
Strategic Marketing Budget Allocation Model: Another major challenge faced by AFL is the
budget allocation. The marketing team must educate the finance team on how to set marketing
budgets. Generally, it has been observed that accountants and finance departments does not
understand marketing efforts and how it creates value to the organization (Hurley, 2011). The
marketing team budget allocation depends on a popular strategic marketing budget allocation
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model called the Sirius Decisions Marketing Budget Allocation Model (Marketing budgets: the
strategic allocation model, 2017). The model suggests the following ways to allocated budget for
marketing (Marketing budgets: the strategic allocation model, 2017):
• Dividing the marketing budget process into manageable components helps achieve both
clarity and alignment
• Four major sources should drive the allocation of marketing spend:
o Corporate strategy
o Sales goals
o Business unit goals
o Marketing’s own goals
• Organizations that lack a true campaign strategy will find that a lot of their funds are
wasted on disconnected, one-off tactics
Flex-time eligilibility: One reason why people mi-use flex time at AFL because the HR Team
may not have assessed who is eligible for flex time. As per (Flextime: non-exempt & exempt
employees, 2016) flextime should be applicable for all employees understanding that:
• A flextime schedule is not appropriate for all positions, or in all settings, or for all
employees
• A flextime schedule during the probationary period is not advisable because of the need
to clarify job responsibilities, establish relationships with co-workers and clients, and
assess suitability for continued employment
• Employees who have problems with punctuality, attendance, and/or performance, or who
require close supervision, are not good candidates
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3.3 Recommendations
AFL should adapt the following recommendations to reduce the challenges it faces and give AFL
brands the best brand identity.
On-board entire team with the brand strategy: AFL marketing team must ensure that every
member of the organization has a clear understanding of the brand strategy for every brand AFL
carries. The understanding of the strategy will help reduce gaps in communication between the
marketing team and merchandising team. Each individual team will then be able to work towards
enhancing one brand plan and there will be consistency in their way of work. This will also help
the graphics team as they will also have a certain structure in their idea and design generation
process. This will also allow the graphics team to create consistent layout and design while
working for a range of marketing materials when AFL opts for total integrated marketing
communications. Hence, the quality of the marketing materials of AFL will improve and
customers will be more willing to be loyal to Apex and its affiliated brands.
Create visual branding persona: Once a brand strategy has been set, the marketing team can
easily create a visual branding persona. The marketing team can set consistent key colors,
consistent corporate typefaces, standard typographic treatments, consistent style for images and
build an archive of graphic elements. This will massively help the graphics team to reduce the
time to create visual designs and it will help the marketing team in mitigating the challenge of
meeting deadlines for visual output of marketing campaigns and programs.
Utilize Sirius Decision Budget Allocation Model: AFL can adapt the Sirius Decision Budget
Allocation Model while distributing annual budget to the marketing team. The finance team of
AFL can allocate the budget by
• Dividing the marketing budget process into manageable components helps achieve both
clarity and alignment
• Driving budget allocation on the basis of
o Corporate strategy
o Sales goals
o Business unit goals
o Marketing’s own goals
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• Prepare budget for successful execution of different campaigns rather than one off tactics.
These processes can ensure that the finance team understands the goals of the marketing team
and refrain from using the crucial budget in other projects. This will help the AFL marketing
team to utilize the full budget and enhance the outcome of its marketing campaigns.
Organize cross-functional discussions before budget setting: Marketing team must request to
sit down with the finance team before setting the budget. It is important that the marketing team
transparently expresses their challenges regarding the reallocation of marketing budget. This
discussion will ensure that the finance team understands the significance of the marketing team’s
budget requirements and how reallocating can reduce the quality of the campaigns. Thus, this
will ensure that the marketing team can carry out their campaigns without compromising quality
and can attract more customers and solidify its brand image, leading to higher sales for AFL.
Conduct constant research on brand perception: The AFL marketing team must constantly
conduct research to update themselves on how customers perceive the brands they carry. The
research can be structured, unstructured and focus group discussion (FGD) based. The structured
research would provide invaluable data on customers while FGDs would provide insights into
the customer mind. Through constant research, AFL team will be able to better understand how
customers behave and preferences and change their branding strategy accordingly to maintain its
growth both in brand loyalty and sales. It is also important to on-board the entire team on the
updated plans and strategies so the entire team can work in unison and a synergy can be
garnered to ensure AFL marketing team to be a commendable team in its industry.
Apex Footwear Limited has high ambitions of becoming one of the most recognized brands in
the shoe industry of Bangladesh. They enthusiastically invest in the marketing of AFL brands.
Hence, if AFL make the best use of its budget through open discussions about its strategy and
implement the best practices of branding in its internal team dynamics, AFL marketing team can
successfully ensure Apex and its affiliated brands to be the most popular shoe brands of the
country in the long run.
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References
About us. (2017). Retrieved March 23, 2017, from Apex Footwear Ltd.:
https://www.apexfootwearltd.com/apex_footwear/About-Us
About us. (2017). Retrieved March 23, 2017, from Apex Footwear Limited:
https://www.apexfootwearltd.com/apex_footwear/About-Us
Ahmed, Z. (2017, March 18). Apex Footwear Limited in the long run. (Sadman, Interviewer)
Apex Footwear Limited unit-1: shoe-maker to the world. (2017). Retrieved March 23, 2017, from Apex
Footwear Limited: https://www.apexfootwearltd.com/apex_footwear/Home
Apex Footwear products. (2017). Retrieved March 23, 2017, from Apex Footwear Limited:
https://www.apexfootwearltd.com/apex_footwear/Products
Bradford, K. (2015, August 12). Importance of a brand's visual identity when building a customer base.
Retrieved March 24, 2017, from LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/importance-brands-visual-
identity-when-building-base-ken-bradford
Capacity. (2017). Retrieved March 24, 2017, from Apex Footwear Limited:
https://www.apexfootwearltd.com/apex_footwear/Capacity
Company profile. (2017). Retrieved March 23, 2017, from Apex Footwear Limited:
https://www.apexfootwearltd.com/apex_footwear/Profile/3
CSR Social Compliance. (2017). Retrieved March 25, 2017, from Apex Footwear Limited:
https://www.apexfootwearltd.com/apex_footwear/CSR-Social-Compliance
Environment & compliance. (2017). Retrieved March 25, 2017, from Apex Footwear Limited:
https://www.apexfootwearltd.com/apex_footwear/Compliance--Environment
Factory Area. (2017). Retrieved March 23, 2017, from Apex Footwear Limited:
https://www.apexfootwearltd.com/apex_footwear/Factory-Area
Find us. (2017). Retrieved March 23, 2017, from Apex Footwear Limited:
https://www.apexfootwearltd.com/apex_footwearltd/Find-Us
Hossain, S., & Haider, R. (2011). Financial performance analysis of Apex Adelchi Footwear Ltd. Dhaka:
BRAC University.
Hurley, J. (2011, March 21). Accountants "don’t understand marketing". The Telegraph .
In house facilities. (2017). Retrieved March 23, 2017, from Apex Footwear Limited:
https://www.apexfootwearltd.com/apex_footwear/In-House-Facility
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Lake, L. (2016, November 26). Beginner's guide to integrated marketing communication. The Balance .
Marketing budgets: the strategic allocation model. (2017). Retrieved March 27, 2017, from Sirius
Decisions: https://www.siriusdecisions.com/Research-
Articles/M/MarketingBudgetsTheStrategicAllocationModel
Our brands. (2017). Retrieved March 24, 2017, from Apex Footwear Limited:
https://www.apexfootwearltd.com/apex_footwearltd/#
Recognition. (2017). Retrieved March 23, 2017, from Apex Footwear Ltd. :
https://www.apexfootwearltd.com/apex_footwear/Recognition
Strenghts. (2017). Retrieved March 25, 2017, from Apex Footwear Limited:
https://www.apexfootwearltd.com/apex_footwear/Strengths
Technology. (2017). Retrieved March 25, 2017, from Apex Footwear Limited:
https://www.apexfootwearltd.com/apex_footwear/Technology
Theories and relevant models about branding. (2015, March 23). UK Essays .
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Appendix
List of Tables
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List of Figures
Respect for
Integrity
People
Empowerment Courage
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Fig 10: Dr. Mauch Brand Fig 11: Brand Display of AFL
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