Project Report

on
Smart Bin

submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement

for the award of the Degree of

Bachelor of Engineering
in
Information Technology

by

Sagar Kalsekar
Kaushal Tirawdekar
Omkar Matkar
Prashant Palve

under the guidance of

Prof. Medha Kulkarni

Department of Information Technology

Padmabhushan Vasant Dada Patil Pratishthan's College of Engineering
Near Everard Nagar, Sion-Chunnabhatti, Mumbai-400022
University of Mumbai
April 2018
 Certificate

This is to certify that the Project entitled “Smart Bin" has been completed successfully
by Mr. Sagar Kalsekar, Mr. Kaushal Tirawdekar, Mr. Omkar Matkar and Mr. Prashant
Palve under the guidance of Prof. Medha Kulkarni for the award of Degree of Bachelor
of Engineering in Information Technology from University of Mumbai.

Certified by

Prof. Medha Kulkarni Mrs. S. K. Chaudhary

Project Guide Head of Department

Dr. Alam Shaikh

Principal

Department of Information Technology

Padmabhushan Vasant Dada Patil Pratishthan's College of Engineering
Near Everard Nagar, Sion-Chunnabhatti, Mumbai-400022
University of Mumbai
April 2017
 Project approval Certificate

This is to certify that the Project entitled “Smart Bin" by Mr. Sagar Kalsekar, Mr. Kaushal
Tirawdekar, Mr. Omkar Matkar and Mr. Prashant Palve is approved for the award of
Degree of Bachelor of Engineering in Information Technology from University of Mumbai.

External Examiner Internal Examiner

(signature) (signature)

Name: Name:

Date: Date:

Seal of the Institute

 Acknowledgement

We feel privileged to express our deepest sense of gratitude and sincere thanks to our Princi-pal,
Dr. Alam N. Shaikh for giving us an opportunity to undertake our project on "Smart Bin". We
would like to thank our Head of Department of Information Technology, Mrs. Supriya
Chaudhary for supervising all the activities and for lending her full co-ordination, despite her
busy schedule, in successful deployment of this project.
First of all we like to express a deep sense of gratitude to our project guide Prof. Medha
Kulkarni. For whole hearted support and guidance and being interested during process of our
project. Without his inspiration and encouragement, the completion of project would have been
di cult task, we would like to recall and thanks all those who have directly and indirectly
contributed to its success.
We also express our profound gratitude to Management of Padmabhushan Vasantdada Patil
Pratishthan's College of Engineering for giving us the opportunity and facilitates to accomplish
our project work we also express our devoted and sincere thanks to all our staff member as well
as the Teachers of Information Technology Department who have offering valuable suggestion
and constructive improvisation.
We own a substantial share of our success to the whole faculty and staff members, who
provided us with the requisite facilities to complete the project work.Last but not the least we
wish to avail ourselves of this opportunity and express a sense of gratitude and love to our
friends and family for their support, strength and help in everything.
 Abstract

“Smart bin” is an IOT based Garbage monitoring and segregating system. This system
monitors the garbage bins and informs about the level of garbage collected in the garbage bins via a
web page. “Smart bin” is basically a box in which two garbage bins are placed, one bin for dry type
of waste and other one for wet type of waste. The sensors will sense the type of waste and
accordingly the waste will be put in their appropriate bins. Internet of Things (IoT) is an ecosystem
of connected physical objects that are accessible through the internet. The ‘thing’ in IoT could be a
person with a heart monitor or an automobile with built-in-sensors, i.e. objects that have been
assigned an IP address and have the ability to collect and transfer data over a network without
manual assistance or intervention. The embedded technology in the objects helps them to interact
with internal states or the external environment, which in turn affects the decisions taken.
Chapter 1

Introduction

Due to rapid population growth, disorganization of city governments, a lack of public

awareness and limited funding for programs, garbage management is becoming a global problem.
Now-a-days, we can also see garbage spilled out of the garbage bins in the locality and also it
becomes extremely difficult for the local garbage authority to locate the garbage bins that are
overflowing. Also there is a major concern regarding the segregation of different waste.
As we know there are different types of waste like dry waste, wet waste, non-biodegradable,
etc and the process of segregating these waste into different dustbins is a tedious work. Our project
focuses on segregating different waste as well as monitoring of the dustbins. The hardware part of
the project will comprise of separating different types of waste that are put into the Smart bin in
different bins.
The software part of the project is based on IOT (Internet Of Things) where we will be
monitoring the garbage based on the data we receive from the hardware part. Here in monitoring we
will be continuously checking the level of garbage in the bins, getting the location of the garbage
bin situated in the locality and also sending a text message to the local garbage stating the
overflowing of the garbage bin along with its location.

1.1 Aim of the Project:

The aim of the project is to segregate waste according to their type i.e. dry or wet waste, into
two separate bins. The detection of the waste can be done using different types of sensors. Detection
is followed by separation of the waste which uses certain mechanism consists of servo motors to put
the waste after sensing the type of waste into the desired bins. Meanwhile, it aims to check the
garbage level of each bins and notification is sent to local authorities if the bins are full. Along with
this we are going to include following points:

1.2 Main Objectives include:

 Managing the waste properly as well as using the latest technology in order to reduce
manpower.
 Segregation of Dry and Wet Waste.
 To ensure the protection of the environment through effective waste management measures.

 To protect the health and wellbeing of people by providing an affordable waste collection
service.

 Increase reuse and recycling rates of products.

 Reduce the percentage (%) of recyclable material to landfill.

1.3 Layout of the Report

A brief chapter by chapter overview is presented here.

Chapter 2: A literature Survey of project.

Chapter 3: Design Implementation, Proposed system, Hardware requirements and Software

requirements for the project will be described in this chapter.

Chapter 4: Results

Chapter 5: Future Scope

Chapter 6: Conclusion

Chapter 7: Published Paper

Chapter 2

Literature Survey

In the previous chapter we have given the aim of the project for developing a Smart Bin. In this
chapter literature survey on the existing Waste management system is highlighted in reference to
the performance and approach of the current system.
The garbage management in cities has to be effectively and efficiently implemented. The various
proposals were put forward and some of them already implemented. But it cannot be considered as
an effective one. So a survey was done among different proposals and this survey paper includes
survey among different methods for smart garbage management in cities using IOT.

2.1 Existing System

The garbage management in cities has to be effectively and efficiently implemented. The various
proposals were put forward and some of them already implemented. But they cannot be considered
effective.

2.2 Problems in Existing System:-

 In Existing system people try to manually separate the waste.

 In some systems the local garbage authority will have to go to several places in the locality
to check the garbage bins.
 There are no systems to notify the local garbage authority about overflowing of waste from
bin.
 Domestic waste thrown on streets
 Trade waste on roads / streets
 Construction waste are left unattended
 Biomedical wastes are disposed into municipal waste stream
 Industrial waste often disposed of in open areas
 As we know there are different types of waste like dry waste, wet waste, non-
biodegradable, etc and the process of segregating these waste into different dustbins is a
tedious work.
 In waste management, Segregation of recyclable waste not done properly at source. Initial waste
collection not done at place of generation. Design & location of municipal waste storage depots
inappropriate, resulting in littering of garbage. Street sweeping is not done every day.
Waste transportation is done in open vehicles. The final disposal is done through crude dumping.
Waste pickers collect recyclables from municipal bins and dumpsites and litter the waste causing
insanitary conditions.
Chapter 3

Design and Implementation

3.1 Proposed System

In our system we will be separating wet and dry waste..IOT gave us flexibility to monitor the
garbage and the local areas using maps and notify the concerned authority about the status of the
garbage bin and its location. People will not have to manually separate the waste as our system will
be doing it by detecting the type of waste and putting it in concerned bins.

The Proposed System works as follows:

The level of garbage in the dustbins is detected with the help of ultrasonic sensors system, and
communicated to the authorized control room. Arduino microcontroller is used to interface the
sensor system with system. A GUI is also developed to monitor the desired information related to
the garbage for different selected locations. This will help to manage the garbage collection
efficiently. Level detector consists of Ultrasonic sensors which are used to detect the level of the
garbage in the dustbin. The output of level detector is given to microcontroller. Two Ultrasonic
sensors are used to indicate the different levels of the amount of the garbage collected in the dustbin
which is placed in public area. When the dustbin is filled up to the highest level alert is generated.
This system assures the cleaning of dustbins soon when the garbage level reaches its maximum. If
the dustbin is not cleaned in specific time, then the record is sent to the higher authority who can
take appropriate action against the concerned contractor. This system also helps to monitor the fake
reports and hence can reduce the corruption in the overall management system. This reduces the
total number of trips of garbage collection vehicle and hence reduces the overall expenditure
associated with the garbage collection. It ultimate helps to keep cleanness in the society. Therefore,
the smart garbage management system makes the garbage collection more efficient.
Figure: 3.1 Proposed System
3.2 UML Diagrams

3.2.1 : State Diagram

Figure: 3.2.1 State Diagram

3.2.2: Activity Diagram

Figure: 3.2.2 Activity Diagram

3.2.3: Use Case Diagram:

Figure: 3.2.3 Use Case Diagram

3.2.4: Sequence Diagram.

Figure: 3.2.4 Sequence Diagram

3.3 Hardware and Software Requirement
This section lists the requirements that must be met before installing and running
the project.

3.3.1 Hardware Requirements

3.3.1.1 Soil Moisture sensor

Soil moisture sensors measure the water content in soil. A soil moisture probe is made up
of multiple soil moisture sensors. This Soil Moisture Sensor can be used to detect the
moisture of soil or judge if there is water around the sensor, let the plants in your garden
reach out for human help. Insert this module into the soil and then adjust the on-board
potentiometer to adjust the sensitivity. The sensor would output logic HIGH/LOW when
the moisture is higher/lower than the threshold set by the potentiometer.

Figure: 3.3.1.1 Soil Moisture sensor

3.3.1.2 Ultrasonic sensor

An Ultrasonic sensor is a device that can measure the distance to an object by using sound
waves. It measures distance by sending out a sound wave at a specific frequency and listening
for that sound wave to bounce back. By recording the elapsed time between the sound wave
being generated and the sound wave bouncing back, it is possible to calculate the distance
between the sonar sensor and the object.

Figure: 3.3.1.2 Ultrasonic sensor

3.3.1.3 Arduino Uno

Arduino is an open-source platform used for building electronics projects. Arduino consists of
both a physical programmable circuit board (often referred to as a microcontroller) and a piece
of software, or IDE (Integrated Development Environment) that runs on your computer, used to
write and upload computer code to the physical board.The Arduino platform has become quite
popular with people just starting out with electronics, and for good reason. Unlike most previous
programmable circuit boards, the Arduino does not need a separate piece of hardware (called a
programmer) in order to load new code onto the board – you can simply use a USB cable.
Additionally, the Arduino IDE uses a simplified version of C++, making it easier to learn to
program. Finally, Arduino provides a standard form factor that breaks out the functions of the
micro-controller into a more accessible package.

Figure: 3.3.1.3 Arduino Uno

3.3.1.4 ESP8266 WiFi Module

The ESP8266 WiFi Module is a self contained SOC with integrated TCP/IP protocol stack that
can give any microcontroller access to your WiFi network. The ESP8266 is capable of either
hosting an application or offloading all Wi-Fi networking functions from another application
processor. Each ESP8266 module comes pre-programmed with an AT command set firmware,
meaning, you can simply hook this up to your Arduino device and get about as much WiFi-
ability as a WiFi Shield offers (and that’s just out of the box)! The ESP8266 module is an
extremely cost effective board with a huge, and ever growing, community.

Figure: 3.3.1.4 ESP8266 WiFi Module

3.3.1.5 Servo Motor

The servo motor is most commonly used for high technology devices in the industrial application
like automation technology. It is a self contained electrical device that rotates parts of a machine
with high efficiency and great precision. The output shaft of this motor can be moved to a
particular angle. Servo motors are mainly used in home electronics, toys, cars, airplanes, etc.This
article discusses about what is a servo motor, servo motor working, servo motor types and its
applications.

Figure: 3.3.1.5 Servo Motor

3.3.2 Software Requirements

3.3.2.1 Arduino compiler

The open-source Arduino Software (IDE) makes it easy to write code and upload it to the board.
It runs on Windows, Mac OS X, and Linux. The environment is written in Java and based
onProcessing and other open-source software. This software can be used with any Arduino
board.

3.3.2.2 Visual Studio 2012

Microsoft Visual Studio is an integrated development environment (IDE) from Microsoft. It is

used to develop computer programs, as well as web sites, web apps, web services and mobile
apps. Visual Studio uses Microsoft software development platforms such as Windows
API, Windows Forms, Windows Presentation Foundation, Windows Store and Microsoft
Silverlight. It can produce both native code and managed code.

3.3.2.3 SQL Server Manager

SQL Server Management Studio (SSMS) is a software application first launched

with Microsoft SQL Server 2005 that is used for configuring, managing, and administering all
components within Microsoft SQL Server. The tool includes both script editors and graphical
tools which work with objects and features of the server.A central feature of SSMS is the Object
Explorer, which allows the user to browse, select, and act upon any of the objects within the
server. It also shipped a separate Express edition that could be freely downloaded; however
recent versions of SSMS are fully capable of connecting to and manage any SQL Server Express
instance. Microsoft also incorporated backwards compatibility for older versions of SQL Server
thus allowing a newer version of SSMS to connect to older versions of SQL Server instances.
3.3.2.4 Web Browser

A web browser (commonly referred to as a browser) is a software application for retrieving,

presenting and traversing information resources on the World Wide Web. An information
resource is identified by a Uniform Resource Identify (URI/URL) that may be a web page,
image, video or other piece of content. Hyperlinks present in resources enable users easily to
navigate their browsers to related resources. Although browsers are primarily intended to use the
World Wide Web, they can also be used to access information provided by web servers in
private networks or les in le systems.
Chapter 4

Results
Chapter 5

Future Scope

1) Smart Bin can be further monitored on smart phones using an Android application.

2) Maps can be integrated on the webpage that can be used to find the garbage bin in a particular
area

3) For making the Smart Bin completely non-electric, solar panels or long lasting batteries can be
used.

4) Segregation of plastic and metal can also be implemented further.

Chapter 6

Conclusion

Taking into account the waste management in this country there is a need for managing the waste
properly as well as using the latest technology and reducing manpower.
Smart bin can be a major revolutionary change in the study of waste management by segregating
the dry and wet waste and notifying the local authorities about the level of garbage in each
dustbin as well as IOT gives us flexibility to monitor the garbage and the local areas using maps
and notify the concerned authority about the status of the garbage bin and its location.
People will not have to manually separate the waste as our system will be doing it by detecting
the type of waste and putting it in concerned bins.
REFERENCES

[1]S.S. Navghane, M.S. Killedar, Dr.V.M. Rohokale, IoT Based Garbage and Waste Collection
Bin, May 2016.

[2]Vikrant Bhor, Pankaj Morajkar, Maheshwar Gurav, Dishant Pandya, Smart Garbage
Management System, March 2015.

[3]Alexey Medvedev, Petr Fedchenkov, ArkadyZaslavsky, Theodoros, Anagnostopoulos Sergey

Khoruzhnikov, Waste Management as an IOT-Enabled Service in Smart Cities.

[4] Microtronics Technologies, GSM based garbage and waste collection bins overflow
indicator, September 2013.
Chapter 7

Published Paper

Omkar Matkar, Sagar Kalsekar , Kaushal Tirawdekar , Prashant Palve , Medha Kulkarni, ”Smart
Bin”, International Journal for Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology
(IJRASET) ISSN: 2321-9653; IC Value: 45.98; SJ Impact Factor: 6.887 Volume 6 Issue III,
March 2018-Available at www.ijraset.com