Staircase Design

Rise of the Step (Rise) 177.800 mm

Tread of the Step (Tread) 228.600 mm
Width of the Step (Width) 0.900 m
Span Length (L1) 1.066 m
Span Length (L2) 1.700 m
Span Length (L3) 1.066 m
Live Load (Lload) 2.000 kN/m2
Railing Load (Raiload) 0.100 kN/m
Finishes Load (Finload) 1.000 kN/m2
Effective Cover 15 mm
Grade of Concrete (M) 20
Grade of Steel (Fe) 415
Detailed Design of Stairs
Assuming the waist slab thickness approximately as 35-40 mm for every metre
longitudinal span.
Waist Slab thickness = (Wst) = (L1+L2+L3)x40 = 153.28 mm
Dead weight of Waist Slab on inclined area (Dlws) = Wst x 0.025
Dlws = 153.28 x 0.025 = 3.832 kN/m2
Dead weight of Waist slab on Horizontal area (Dlwsh) =
Dlws x SQRT(Rise2 + Tread2)/Tread =
3.832x SQRT(177.8^2 +228.6^2)/(228.6) = 4.855 kN/m2
Dead Weight of Steps (Dwsteps) = 0.5 x Rise x Conc Density =
Dwsteps = 0.5 x 177.8 x 25 / 1000 = 2.223 kN/m2
Live Load on the Stair Case (as per IS 875) = 2.000 kN/m2
Finishes Load on the Stair Case (if any) (Fin. Load = 1.000 kN/m2
Loading on Spans L1 and or L3 per metre run (Landing Portion) :
Wl1 = Wl3 = (Dlws + Lload + Finload) = (3.832 + 2 + 1) = 6.832 kN/m
Loading on Span L2 per metre run (Flight Portion)
Wl2 = ((Dlwsh+Dwsteps+Lload+Finload)xwidth + Raiload)/width
Wl2 = ((4.855 + 2.223 + 2 + 1) x 0.9 + 0.1) /0.9 = 10.189 kN/m

Loading Details on Stairs:

6.832 10.189 6.832

A L1 = 1.066 L2 = 1.7 L3 = 1.066 B

Ra 15.944 15.943 Rb
Reactions Ra and Rb
Taking moments of all forces about B
Ra x 3.832 =6.832x1.066x(1.066+1.7+1.066x0.5) + 10.189x1.7(1.066+ 0.5x1.7) +6.832x1.066x0.5x1.066=
Ra x 4.8 = 61.0957 kN
Reaction at the support A = 15.944 kN
Rb = (6.832x1.066 + 10.189x1.7 + 6.832x1.066) - 15.944 = = 15.943 kN
Maximum BM Occurs at the point 'x' where SF is Zero or Changes its sign.
Point of Maximum Moment = 1.916 m
Max BM: 15.944 x 1.916 - 6.832 x 1.066 x (1.916-0.5x1.066) - 10.189 x 0.5 x (1.916 - 1.066)^2
= 16.796 kNm
Factored BM = 1.5 x 16.796 = 25.194 kNm
Required Effective Depth from Bending Point of View:
2
Mu limit = 0.138 fck bd
d (reqd) = Sqrt((Factored BM/(0.138 x fck) = Sqrt((25.194 x 1e+03) /(0.138x 20))
d (reqd) = 95.542 mm However Provide an Effective depth of 150 mm
Provide an overall depth of 170 mm
2
Factor Mu/bd = 25.1941e+03/150^2 = 1.12
Required percentage of steel (pt) = 0.333 %
2
Area of Steel Required = 499.5 mm 12# @ 226.226 mm c/c
However provided steel = 12# @ 150 mm c/c %Ast prov = 0.502
2
Ast Provided = 753 mm Modification Factor for Tensile steel = 1.81137
Allowable Span to effective depth = 47.096
Actual Span to effective depth = 25.547 Hence Safe
Provide 8 mm minimum distribution steel @ 0.12% of gross area = 198 mm2
Provide 8# @ 250 mm c/c
x0.5x1.066=
%