History of Computers

YEAR INVENTOR INVENTION PICTURE

Abacus
500 Originated
– a mechanical
BC in China
counting machine

Napier’s Bone
–it can perform
1614 John Napier
multiplication
and division

Oughtred’s Slide
Rule
William
1632 – it can do
Oughtred
multiplication
and division

Pascaline
– the first
mechanical
Blaise
1642 calculator. It
Pascal
performed
addition and
subtraction

Automatic
Calculator
– first calculator
Gottfried to do
Wilhelm multiplication
1673
Von and division. It
Leibnitz was not reliable
due to accuracy
of contemporary
parts
 Jacquard Loom
– the first
automatic
Joseph Marie
1780 weaving loom
Jacquard
that introduced
the use of punch
cards

Punch Card
Joseph Loom –
1804 Marie automates the
Jacquard process of
entering data

Integrator
- introduced the
concept of
automatic analog
William
1876 computer which
Thomson
was designed to
solve complex
differential
equations

Analytical
Engine
Charles
1882 – a mechanical
Babbage
progenitor of the
digital computer

Electromechanical
Punched-card
Herman – tabulates the
1884
Hollerith data for 1890
U.S. census
 Differential
Vannevar Analyzer
1930
Bush – the first reliable
analog computer

Z1
Konrad – first freely
1936
Zuse programmable
computer

Designed a
prototype for
their ABC
John
(Atanasoff Berry
Atanasoff &
1939 Computer)
Clifford
intended to be a
Berry
special-purpose
electronic digital
computer.

John ABC – first in the

Atanasoff & computing biz is
1942
Clifford not always as
Berry easy as ABC

ENIAC
(Electronic
Numerical
Integrator and
John
Calculator) –
Mauchly &
1943 first operational
J. Presper
general-purpose
Eckert
electronic digital
computer which
was completed in
1946
 Howared
Aiken & Harvard Mark 1
1944
Grace Computer
Hopper

EDVAC –
computer which
John
1946 was
Neumann
to store programs
as well as data

Frederic
Manchester Baby
Williams &
1948 & William’s
Tom
Tube
Kilburn

1951 John UNIVAC – first

Mauchly & commercially
J. Presper available stored
Eckert program
electronic digital
computer
1953 International IBM 701 EDPM –
Business IBM enters into
Machines “The History of
(IBM) Computers”
1954 John Backus FORTRAN – the
& IBM first successful
high-level
programming
language
1958 Jack Kilby Integrated Circuit
& Robert – otherwise
Noyce known as “The
Chip”

1962 Steve Spacewar – the

Russell & first computer
MIT game invented
1964 Douglas Computer Mouse
Engelbart & Windows –
nicknamed the
mouse because
the tail came out
the end
1965 Digital PDP-8 – first
Equipment commercially
Corp. available
minicomputer

1970 Intel 1103 The world’s first

available dynamic
RAM chip

1971 Ted Hoff Microprocessor

(introduced chip
by Intel)

1971 Alan The “Floppy”

Shugart & Disk – nicknamed
IBM the “Floppy” for
its flexibility

1973 Robert Ethernet –

Metcalfe & networking
Xerox

1977 Stephen Apple II

Wozniak & Computer
Stephen
Jobs

1979 Seymour WordStar – word

Rubenstein processors
& Rob
Barnaby

1981 Microsoft MS-DOS – from

“Quick and Dirty”
comes the
operating
system of the
century
1984 IBM IBM PC AT –
uses the Intel
80286
microprocessors

Source: Flores-Lano, Cecille. Computer Systems and Word Processing with Desktop Publishing.
Quezon City: Sunshine Interlinks Publishing House, Inc. 2006