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Thematic
Quotation Determination of Kv
Margin
Hydraulic
Linear pressure
The value of Kv can be calculated according to the values given, such as: flow, Pressure drop and data of the
loss operating conditions of the installation.
Local pressure
loss
Compressible
Q = Flow rate (m3/h)
fluids Liquids (water, DP = Pressure drop (bar)
P2>PS
No circular duct etc.) r = Density (kg/dm3)
Thermal
Thermal fluid
flow G = Mass flow rate (kg/h)
Pipe sizing
P2>P2/2 DP = Pressure drop (bar)
steam Saturated P2 = Pressure downstream of the valve (absolute
Control valves steam bar)
Orifice plate P2<P1/2 P1= Pressure upstream of the valve (absolute bar)
Pumps
Ventilators
G = Mass flow rate (kg/h)
Gas
DP =Pressure drop (bar)
Fuel gas P2>P2/2
P1= Pressure upstream of the valve (absolute bar)
P2 = Pressure downstream of the valve (absolute
Superheated bar)
steam
v2 = Specific volume (m3/kg), under P2 and T1
P2<P1/2 v = Specific volume (m3/kg), under P1/2 et T1
T1 = Température en amont (K)
For each type of standard valve, one gives a nominal displacement of H100 for which the valve can be regarded
as completion open.
Leakage rate
The leakage rate of a valve is the ratio Kvo / Kvs
For a new valve, this leakage rate must be lower than 0.05 %.
It is the flow of water Q in m3/h measured at 4°C (Density = 1000kg/m3) which for a pressure loss of 1 bar,
passes through the valve considered as entirely open.
A valve under dimensioned can generate a fall of pressure raised through of the device and can consequently
damage the seat of the valve by erosion.
Conversely a oversize control valve can involve an unstable operation of the installation.
For each type of valve, the manufacturer indicates a limit differential pressure acceptable which depends on its
diameter, of the method of construction, the power of the servo-motor, the temperature of the fluid, the leakage
rate and of the maximum flow which crosses it.
With:
Pressure drop
It is the difference in pressure between the inlet and the outlet of the valve. It is thus its pressure loss.
The value of Kv in the same way is used to calculate the pressure drop in a valve according to the flow which
crosses it.
With:
DPv = Pressure loss of the entirely open valve for the nominal capacity l
DPL = Pressure loss of the variable flow circuit.
E = Generator of heat
V = Emetteur de chaleur - Transmitting of heat
To use this type of valve in cpntrol system, it would be necessary to regulate the proportional tape
to a very high value. This valve cannot be used in progressive control.
Valve with square-law characteristic - Vanne à caractéristique quadratique
Best progressiveness would be obtained for an authority, a = 1. But however for A = 0.5, the
authority of the valve not being linear can in spite of very given satisfaction. If the total head of the
pump allows it, there would be interest to give an authority for example from 0.6 to 0.7
Valve with characteristic logarithmic curve
In this type of valve, the displacement of the valve produces a variation of flow proportional to the
preceding total flow the change. The best progressiveness of power is obtained for 0.6 to 0.7.
Valve at linear calorific power
In this type of valve the manufacturer designed the valve in order to obtain a calorific power
proportional to the lifting of the valve, for an authority has = 0.5. A too large authority would have
the same harmful effect as a too small authority.
Last update: 03/06/2018 10:14:58