Educational tour report

For our educational tour , we visited Pushpa Gujral Science city , Jalandhar with Mr. Satish bansal and
other students from GNM 2nd year . The biggest project of its kind in Northern India, the Science City
has been set up in 72 acres of land in the of heart of Punjab, on Jalandhar- Kapurthala Road. It is intended
to inclucate the scientific aptitude & temperament, to fire the imagination and creativity, foster the spirit
of enquiry and exploration among the masses, especially in the young minds. Page | 1

Pushpa Gujral Science City offers a blend of education, curiosity and fun to ensure longer and repeated
visits. The project is aimed at cultivating an interest in science through open-ended exploration away from
text books and black boards, with a scientific approach to problem solving. The project has something for
everyone, regardless of age, education, profession or social strata and is intended to make science
accessible to people who are not part of the formal education system.

The total cost of the Science City Project is Rs.100 crores. It is a joint project of the Government of India
and Government of Punjab. Government of India contributed Rs.70 crore for capital expenses (Buildings
and Exhibits) where as Punjab Government provided Rs.30 cores in terms of land and other infra
structural facilities.The foundation stone of the Science City was laid down by former Prime Minister Sh.
I. K. Gujral on October 17, 1997. The first phase of Science City was inaugurated by the His Excellency
Lt. Gen (retd) S.F Rodrigues, Governor of Punjab on March 19, 2005. Major attractions included in the
first phase were Space Theatre, Laser Theatre, 3D Theatre, Flight Simulator and Fun Science exhibitis. A
State level Energy Education and Awareness Park was also developed in collaboration with Punjab
Energy Development Agency (PEDA).

3D Digital Theatre : After buying tickets , we moved to 3D digital theatre . It is a ground breaking new
approach to capturing the imagination of today's media savy science city visitors. Audience of all ages are
left spellbound by the theatre's use of three dimensional computer graphics, videos and the most advanced
animations.
In this show, one will see the objects flying out of the screen coming in every direction; creepy characters
reaching out to grab you giving a feeling that you are a part of an action. Like Experience the Thrill! 3D
Movies : Magic Master , Alibaba , Drug Resistance , Prehistoric , Atherosclerosis

Renewable Energy Education Park : After that we moved to renewable energy education park .
Renewable Energy Education Park (REEP) is set up in Science City with the assistance of the Ministry of
Non-Conventional Energy Sources (MNES) and Punjab Energy Development Agency (PEDA) .
Objectives of Renewable Energy Park:

1. To create awareness among the masses about the new technologies developed in the area of
renewable energy.
2. To educate students/masses regarding applications of various renewable energy sources, energy
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conservation measures.
3. In order to make awareness of renewable energy sources, informative pavilion is set up along
with renewable energy gadgets and models

The entire park area has some unique civil and landscaping scenario. All the exhibits are interactive and
educative.

Solar Centre : Solar energy is the radiant energy of the sun, which can be converted into other
forms of energy, such as heat or electricity. This center comprises of exhibits related to Solar
energy

Indoor exhibits

1. Physics of Solar Photovoltaic

2. Solar music system, Solar weighing machine, Fridge etc.
3. Solar energy quiz and games
4. Solar replica
5. Panels and blowups
6. Flat plate TV Screen with audio visual

Hydel Power Centre :Hydroelectric power is electricity produced from the energy of falling water. The
basic theory of hydroelectric power generation is to harness the potential energy within falling water.
Various turbines models (like Pelton, Crossflow, Kaplan, Francis) are displayed in Hydel power centre,
to explain there structure and working principle

Indoor exhibits

1. Model of Ranjit Sagar Dam - Shahpur Kandi

2. Working model of Kaplan turbine, Pelton wheel, francis turbine etc
3. Water fall animation
4. Panels and blowups

Solar water heating system :One no. 500 LPD capacity solar water heating system is installed. Hot
water generated is used in restaurant

Solar cooking system :Different models of solar cookers are installed working model andsolar cooked
food is served in restaurant.
Solar Dish Cooker :The concentrating type parabolic dish solar cooker is useful for homes and small
establishments. The temperature at the bottom of the cooking pot is around 350 to 400oC which is
sufficient for roasting, frying and boiling

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Wind Mill

A Wind Mill of 60 ft height is installed. Wind turbine converts the kinetic energy in wind into mechanical
energy. If the mechanical energy is used directly by machinery, such as a pump or grinding stones, the
machine is usually called a windmill. If the mechanical energy is then converted to electricity, the
machine is called a wind generator.

Water Throwing Elephant

A water sensor is suitably placed hidden inside the trunk of the elephant. As and when, visitor throws
water to its trunk, water sensor gets active, which actuates a gear motor and make the elephant capable to
lift its trunk. A mini pump is also activated to throw water.

Magic Rain

An infrared sensor is suitably placed hidden behind the seat of the exhibit. As and when, visitor takes
seat, infrared sensor gets active and switch on a relay, which actuates the showers and lights.

Other Attractions

1. Power generating Drum

2. Energy Slip
3. Battery operated Bus with back-up batteries
4. Battery operated Bicycle and Solar Car

Climate Change Theatre : Then our next stoppage was climate change theatre . Science City has set up
a unique Climate Change Theatre, which is first of its kind in the country. Climate change theatre is a
unique experience-filled theatre showing videos on two screens- flat and dome shaped and illuminating
the static and moving fibre glass objects along with special light and sound effects, as the video displays
storyline of the film. The show outlines the serious and contemporary challenge of climate change. The
25 minute film explores what a worst-case future might look like if humans do not take action on current
or impending problems that could threaten civilization. It leads the audience on an exploration of the very
 real changes happening on Earth today and how we can adapt our communities to these changes as we
strive to reduce our carbon footprints.

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Health gallery : Then , we moved to health gallery . Amazing Living Machine gallery is designed for the
students from the age of 8 to 15 and the general public. This gallery consists of three sections : Health
Gallery , HIV AIDS Gallery, Biotechnology Gallery , Transparent Man Theatre .

Gallery reveals the intricate structures and functions of the human body using large human models. In this
gallery, information on the Anatomy and Physiology of human body has been displayed through various
interactive exhibits. The star attractions are the Transparent Man Theatre, Giant Walk through
Heart, CT Scan, Operation Theatre, Countdown to Birth, Interactive giant model of human cell,
chromosomes, DNA model and various other interactive biotechnology based exhibits.

Health Gallery Exhibits :

Giant walk through beating Heart Model of 12 feet tall demonstrates the
Walk through Heart model working of circulatory system while visitors walk through it.

Breathe In & Breathe Out

Mechanical model of breathing lungs displayed in clear acrylic cavity also showing mechanism to move
diaphragm up and down. Model of lungs lying in the young person's upper torso to show location of lungs
in chest.
Follow your food: This exhibit displayed the movement of food starting from Mouth, esophagus,
stomach, small intestine, large intestine and ends in anus.

CT Scan : The exhibit is a real size model of CT scan machine which is placed behind a glass wall and Page | 5
the visitor interacted with different switches of CT scan machine to get the patient couch movement along
with the real scans.

Operation Theatre: This interactive exhibit demonstrated an operation theatre and operation technique
with real look instruments and furniture in which a mannequin is to be kept on operation table undergoing
laparoscopy operation for the removal of Gall bladder.

Charge Up the Skeleton - Watch the Movement of Your Joints: The exhibit depicts the movement of
the bone joint such as ankle, knee & hip joint by pedaling on the bicycle.

Want to Know Your Heart’s Health: By pedaling on the bicycle, the increased heart rate demonstrates
the changes in the shape of your ECG (Electrocardiogram) on the display screen. ECG measures and
displays the electrical signal that the heart produces as it beats.

Measure your Pulse Rate: The exhibit displays your pulse rate and wave shape on the display screen
when you insert you index finger into the finger clip. The pumping of heart sends regular shock wave
through the blood circulation, which is detectable as a pulse

Identify Bacteria & Viruses : Viruses are very tiny and can only multiply by interaction with our body
cells. These viruses and bacteria, which cause diseases, can be seen and identified by various types of
microscopes on display in this gallery. The Transparent Man theatre shows the aspects of human life,
human organs and their function along with their amazing facts thru audio and visual mode.

DINOSAUR PARK : Dinosaur Park has been setup in 2.63 hectare of land area. It shows the Evolution
of dinosaurs on earth and also some of the probable reasons of their extinction.

Dinosaur Park has been divided in three periods:

1. Triassic
2. Jurassic
3. Cretaceous

26 different types of Dinosaurs have been shown by 45 different dinosaur models in their natural habitat.
Starting from the smallest known dinosaur “Compsognathus”, to the giant dinosaurs like
“Seismosaurus” of Jurassic period and “Argentinosaurus” of Cretaceous period have been shown.
Plants like Araucaria, Cycads, Palms and Ferns also resemble the plantation of that era. Even the rock
models represent the structure of rocks of that era. Volcano is 35 feet high structure consisting of four
moving dinosaurs with sound effects. The outer look of the structure gives the look of volcanic eruption.
Dinosaurs had become extinct after a massive volcanic eruption, that was why the moving dinosaurs were
placed in a 35-feet high structure resembling a volcano.

Panorma on Life Through Ages:

Life Through Ages Panorma at Pushpa Gujral Science City Kapurthala, Punjab has been set up
in 80-feet diameter dome-like structure and showcases evolution from the Big Bang to the
present day world. It also tells all about dinos-their origin, gaining gigantic size, and then their
extinction.Panorama has been divided into 16 different sections demonstrating major events
through 2D and 3D models, huge background paintings along with landscaping, providing a
wide-angle view of the entire occurrence. Each section defines an important event in the Page | 6
development of life on the earth.

 Origin of the solar system

 Origin and early evolution of life
 Origin and evolution of early multi-cellular life
 Invasion of land by plants and animals
 Major coal deposits
 Major extinction of primitive life
 Origin of dinosaurs
 Dinosaurs attain gigantic size
 Dinosaurs become extinct
 Rise of mammals
 Origin of apes and other large mammals
 Evolution of man-like ancestors
 Ascent of early man-homo habilis and homo erectus
 Modern man evolves-early homo sapiens
 First burial-neanderthal man and appearance of art- cro-magnon man

VIRTUAL REALITY & CYBER SPACE GALLERY : is designed to provide fun, entertainment and
education to people of all ages and backgrounds. The gallery is built at a cost of Rs.2 crore and whole
concept is conceived, designed and developed by the scientists of the Science City itself within a period
of one and half year.This gallery consists of following sections : Cyber Space , Virtual Reality Shadow
Control , Virtual Game Stations , Virtual Laboratory .

The section on Cyber space deals with revolving model of integrated circuit, How e-mail works, How
ATM works and Image Scanner. Virtual Reality Shadow control contains six exhibits Marble Marshal,
Molecular Bubbles, Virtual Butterflies, Shadow Harp, Virtual Sand and Magical Flowers based on
shadow control. Virtual Game Stations has six exhibits in which the camera captures the image of a
participant and superimposes the player’s image into the virtual scene. The star attractions are the
Virtual Makeover, Virtual Jigsaw & Virtual Games exhibits.

Image Scanner:

Image Scanner is based on the principle of formation of image by pixels using array of LEDs. Visitor
stands before a panel of LEDs placed on its sides. This intercept the IR rays originating from array of IR
sensor and detected by IR detectors. This causes the corresponding LEDs to glow which have been
intercepted thereby forming the shadow (consisting of glowing LEDs).

Revolving IC:

A giant model of IC made with transparent fibre body is mounted in a cylindrical tube of 4 feet high and
3.5 feet diameter, fitted on a rounded base of 4 feet dia and 2 feet height. The IC model has transparent
cover and embossed inside with many full sized transistors, diodes and resistances to enable visitors to
see its inside components.

Defense Gallery :

VIJAYANTA TANK: The Vijayanta main battle tank was indigenously built on a licensed design of the Page | 7
Vicker’s MK.1. (Britain) The prototype was completed in 1963 and the tank entered service in 1965.
Production continued at the Heavy Vehicles factory in Avadi near Madras until 1983 with 2200 built. A
number of the tanks hulls were converted to other uses such as a self propelled gun after being withdrawn
from service. The Vijayanta Tank was extensively employed during the liberation of Bangladesh in 1971
Indo – Pak war. The P & T Department issued a special postage depicting Vijayanta Tank manufactured
in India on March 4th 1976. The tank was phased out of service in 1997.

Aircraft MIG 23: Aircraft MIG-23 BN SM 201 was manufactured on August 25, 1980 and inducted in
the Indian Air Force in the year 1981-82. The aircraft during its operating life took part in the operations
Brasstacks and Safed Sagar (Kargil).
The aircraft completed its life in May, 2004.

The details of the aircraft are as below:-

Total Hrs Flown : 1541:35
Last Flown By : Flt Lt. Rahul Lilani on October 5, 2001
Last SQN of the Aircraft : 220 Sqn
Operated From : Airforce Station Halwara

Aircraft Swati LT-11: This is two seater trainer aircraft designed by the Technical Center of the Civil
Aviation, Govt. of India and manufactured by Bharat Heavy Electrical Limited, Aviation Division,
Ranipur.

The details of the aircraft are as below:-

Wings Span: 9.2 meter
length: 7.21 meter
weight: 730 kg.

ANTI AIRCRAFT GUN : The most significant light antiaircraft gun of World War II was the 40 MM
gun made by Bofors, a Swedish manufacturer. The design was developed in Sweden during the 1930s. It
was one of the most popular medium weights anti - aircraft systems during World War II, used by most of
the western allies as well as various other forces and still use. It is often referred to simply as the Bofors
gun. The gun was notable due to its Advanced Sighting system. The trainer and layer were both provided
with reflector sights for aiming, while a third crew member standing behind them “adjusted” for lead
using a simple mechanical computer. Power for the sights was supplied from a 6V battery. Gun was
extensively employed during Indo – Pak war and World War II conflicts. In India L/70 and new Guns are
replacing L/60. L/60s are still used in the United States Air Force’s AC – 130 gun ships in the air to
ground role.
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National Parks Adventure

The Large Format Film captures the magnificence of 30 America’s National Parks and the amazing
landscapes through unique IMAX cinematography. It provides a sweeping overview of the national park’s
history from the lush forests to the towering cliffs and the deep plunging canyons narrated by Academy
Award winner, Robert Redford. President Roosevelt, founder of National Parks in America takes the
audience to the awe-inspiring locations of Yellowstone, Everglades, Yosemite and beyond, encouraging
them to find their own parks, protect and experience their diversity. The film is produced in association
with Brand USA and presented by Expedia, Inc. and Subaru of America, Inc. The director of the film is
Greg MacGillivray, producer Shaun MacGillivraya and writer Stephen Judson and Tim Cahill. The
musical score is composed by Steve Wood and the film is majorly supported by the Giant Dome Theatre
Consortium.