Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
BY
By
Zulfikri S POU
Department of Biology
Isolation of actinomycetes in the rhizosphere Grass Puzzle ( Cyperus rotundus) and
Abstract: This study aims to determine the presence of actinomycetes in the rhizosphere isolates
sedges ( Cyperus rotundus) and recognizing the actinomycetes isolates that have potential as
producers of antibiotics. The method used in this research is descriptive method. Data collection
techniques are secondary metabolites produced by these two isolates tested against bacterial
inhibition tests are Escherichia coli and Staphyloccocus aureus
Staphyloccocus aureus. Based on the results of this study concluded that the rhizosphere sedges
( Cyperus rotundus) Actinomycetes include 2 isolates and one isolate (art1) could inhibit the
growth of bacteria
Staphylococcus aureus with a diameter of 6 mm zone of inhibition that has the potential of
producing antibiotics with weak category.
1988).
Actinomycetes are a group of bacteria
producing antibiotics are most at around 70% L.) and 1 isolates from rhizosphere
of antibiotics that have been found mainly kucingkucingan ( Acalypha indica L.). Five
produced by actinomycetes of the genus isolates were recovered from the rhizosphere
Streptomyces, so that targeted screening of shy daughter and one strain of rhizosphere cat
bacteria producing antibiotics aimed at and mouse can inhibit the growth of Escherichia
coli and
group actinomycetes Staphylococcus aureus. Meanwhile Ambarwati et
(Alcamo in Rofiq, 2011). More than 90% of al., ( 2013) also managed to find eight isolates
antibiotics produced by various species of of actinomycetes from rice rhizosphere ( Oryza
Streptomyces is used for the treatment of sativa) potential
infectious diseases caused by bacteria as producers of anti-
(Rahayu, bacterium which could hamper
2006). These bacteria are commonly found in a Salmonella typhosa and S. aureus
variety of soil types and has the greatest with weak and moderate categories.
abundance which play an important role in the Actinomycetes are saprophytic bacteria
decomposition process (Nurkanto, 2007). which grow decomposing materials
organic so that
In general, the population of population increases when there are a lot of
microorganisms in the rhizosphere is much organic material. According Rahayu (2006),
higher than other populations in the soil. The grassroots has
number of microorganisms including the ability to remove exudate (fluid
actinomycetes in the rhizosphere is due to the that comes out of cells around the root), as well
roots of plants have the ability to remove as on other plants. The results of root
exudate containing organic material which is exudation then spread to the grass rhizosphere
useful as an energy source for microorganisms soil. As a result around the grass roots can be
that live around the roots (Ambarwati, 2007). found in many microorganisms. Studies that
Rhizosphere is a portion of land have been done with regards to
rhizosphere grass is
Rahayu research (2006) that done research for
grass rhizosphere bacterial isolate pangola find new antibiotics. Substance
( Digitaria decumbens), antibiotics produced by microorganisms more
obtained seven isolates with different profitable than the antibiotic substance
fermentation times capable of inhibiting E. coli multiresistant.
produced by plants, this was due to the
Four isolates potentially very strong antibiotics, regeneration of microorganisms that time much
the bacteria is suspected as actinomycetes. shorter than the time to grow a crop. Bacteria
The presence of exudate released by the grass can grow and multiply within a few hours,
roots is also possible the actinomycetes can be actinomycetes within approximately one month,
obtained in the rhizosphere while the plant to produce the active ingredient
takes many years (Ambrawati, 2007).
identification of antibiotic
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Determining the type of antibiotics
result
produced by actinomycetes isolates using thin
Based on the results of this research is that
layer chromatography (TLC). Prepared Silica gel
the grass rhizosphere region
plates size 10 x 20 cm and a thickness of 1 mm
Credits earned two isolates of
and activated at a temperature of 150 0 C for 30
actinomycetes which each have different
minutes. Ethyl acetate fraction as much 10μl
characteristics.
of producing antibiotics with weak category. Associated with the rhizosphere Maize (Zea
mays). Proceedings of the National Seminar
IX Biology, Vol. 9, No. 1, July 2012.
SUGGESTION
Suggestions in this research is
Ambarwati, A. Tanti, Step S., and
necessary to measure the factors
Subagus W., 2012. Antifungal Activity Test
environment that is level
The Actinomycetes Isolate Associated with
humidity to take the rhizosphere area will be
rhizosphere Rice (Oryza sativa). Journal of
isolated actinomycetes and see
Health, ISSN 1979-7621, Vol. 5, No. 2
per-
December 2012: 139-14
comparison of the number of isolates of
actinomycetes found in the rhizosphere region
sedges ( Cyperus rotundus) who live in humid Ambarwati, Sujono, T., A.,
areas and dry. In addition, it is also necessary Sembiring, L., and Wahyuono, S.
isolation of endophytic actinomycetes tuber 2013. Antibacterial activity test
sedges ( Cyperus rotundus) actinomycetes isolates from rice rhizosphere
(oryza sativa) to
and test potential as Salmonella typhosa and
producing antibiotics. Staphylococcus aureus). Proceedings of the
National Seminar on Biodiversity. Faculty UNS