DIMENSION DETAILS FOR PCC RETAINING WALL

1
1
A
B D5
D3

BED LEVEL

D6

D4

B1 B2 B3 B4 B5

SLOPES HL. Dimension (mm) VL. Dimension (mm) TOTAL

Heights BASE
Area Steel B/H
in M WIDTH( i
A B B1 B2 B3 B4 B5 D3 D4 D5 D6 n mm)

3.0 3.0 6.5 400 900 550 400 400 2600 400 1500 1100 2650 4.12 0.27 0.88
3.5 2.8 5.5 400 1150 550 600 400 3100 400 2000 1100 3100 5.54 0.33 0.89
4.0 2.6 5.5 400 1400 550 650 400 3600 400 2500 1100 3400 7.01 0.39 0.85
4.5 2.5 5.5 400 1650 550 750 400 4100 400 3000 1100 3750 8.64 0.45 0.83
5.0 2.5 5.0 400 1850 550 950 400 4600 400 3500 1100 4150 10.52 0.51 0.83
5.5 2.5 5.0 400 2050 550 1050 400 5100 400 4000 1100 4450 12.37 0.57 0.81
6.0 2.5 5.0 400 2250 550 1150 400 5600 400 4500 1100 4750 14.37 0.64 0.79
6.5 2.5 5.0 400 2450 550 1250 400 6100 400 5000 1100 5050 16.52 0.70 0.78
7.0 2.5 5.0 400 2650 550 1350 400 6600 400 5500 1100 5350 18.82 0.77 0.76
7.5 2.5 5.0 400 2850 550 1450 400 7100 400 6000 1100 5650 21.27 0.84 0.75
8.0 2.5 5.0 400 3050 550 1550 400 7600 400 6500 1100 5950 23.87 0.91 0.74
DESIGN OF PCC RETAINING WALL
FOR BRIDGE NO:662
 Design of PCC Retaining Wall Br.662

DESIGN OF PCC RETAINING WALL

Active Earth Pressure Calculation
Properties of Soil :-
Density of Soil = 18 kN/m3
f = Angle of internal friction of backfill soil = 40 0
a = Angle of taper at backside of Retaining wall = 24.44 0
d = Angle of friction bet wall & Earthfill. (2 f/3) = 26.6666667 0
i = Surcharge Angle. = 00
Safe Bearing Capacity of Founding Strata = 350 kN/m3

Factor of Safety
Vide Cl:-706.2.2 of IRC:-78 -1983.
Check for Overturning = Stabilising Moment 2 For Normal Condition
>
Overturning Moment 1.5 Under Seismic Condition
Check for Sliding = m x Vertical Force 1.50 For Normal Condition
>
Horizontal Force 1.25 Under Seismic Condition
m = Coefficient of Friction = 0.5 For rock Strata

Calculation of Coeffecient of Active Earth Pressure for inclined back fills .

This Formula is adopted from Terzaghi 's Theory
Ground Surface Line
i

a f Line

f = Angle of internal friction of backfill soil = 40 = 0.6981

a = Angle of taper at backside of Retaining wall = 24.44 = 0.4266
d = Angle of friction bet wall & Earthfill. (2 f/3) = 26.6666667 = 0.4654
i = Surcharge Angle. = 0.00 = 0.0000
Ka1 = Coeffecient of Active Earth Pressure.
= Cos2 (f - a) 2
Cos ( a ) x Cos ( a + d )
2
1 + Sin ( f + d ) x Sin ( f - I )
Cos ( a + d ) x Cos ( a - I )
= 0.928079
0.82876712 x 0.6278188 x 4.06507878
Ka1 = 0.439

Calculation of Coeffecient of Active Earth Pressure for Vertical back fills .

Degrees Radians
f = Angle of internal friction of backfill soil = 30 = 0.5236
a = Angle of taper at backside of Retaining wall = 0 = 0
d = Angle of friction bet wall & Earthfill. (2 f/3) = 20 = 0.3491
i = Surcharge Angle. = 0.00 = 0.0000
Ka2 = Coeffecient of Active Earth Pressure.
= Cos2 (f - a) 2
Cos2 ( a ) x Cos ( a + d ) 1 + Sin ( f + d ) x Sin ( f - I )
Cos ( a + d ) x Cos ( a - I )
= 0.75000
1 x 0.9396926 x 2.68448076
Ka2 = 0.2973
Kp = 3.363

GVR Infra CITCPL

 Design of PCC Retaining Wall Br.662

Design calulations for PCC Ret. Wall

(Height from foundation till formation level = 12.3 m)

Data for Ret. wall Design :-

Length of Ret. wall = 7000 mm
Total Depth of Ret. wall = 12290 mm (Overwhich earthpressure will act)
Taper Depth of Ret. wall = 9270 mm
Width of Ret. wall @ Base = 8220 mm
Rear Batter Provided = 1 in 2.2
Front Batter Provided = 1 in 1000.0
F. Batter below G.L = 1 2.0
Width of Ret. Wall at top = 500 mm
Depth of Ret. wall Cap = 0 mm
Base projection rear 3020 mm 500 front
Depth of footing = 600 mm 3990
Grade of Concrete M 25 s cbc direct comp flexural comp tension
Depth of Abut below GL 3020 mm 500 T/m2 670 T/m2 61 T/m2
Area of concrete = 30.37 m2
SBC of soil = 35 T/m2
Density of mass concrete = 2.3 T/m3 Free board = 1000 mm
Desnity of R C C = 2.4 T/m3
Density of Earthfill = 1.8 T/m3

1
3 1
11690 1000
9270

GL-
1 1
1 2
2420
600 600 -1220
4700.0
8220.0
Result for base
CONDITIONS Overturning Sliding Ptoe Pmin
1 Selfweight +EP 3.45 1.96 32.2 8.22
2 Selfweight + EP+HFL 3.09 1.82 19.64 2.38
Safe Safe Safe Safe

1 Selfweight of Abut + Earth pressure :

0

b
c

9270
11690 2
3

2420
1 4 5

6
600 A O
3090 500 500
2920 10 1210
8220
Calculation of C.G of Ret. wall Xn from 'A' .
Sl Area 'A' ( m2 ) X from A AxX
1 11.69
( x 3.09 )/2 = 18.06 4.98 89.94
2 11.69 x 0.50 = 5.85 6.26 36.59
3 ( 9.27 x 0.01 ) / 2 = 0.05 6.51 0.30
4 2.42 x 0.01 = 0.02 6.52 0.16
5 ( 2.42 x 1.21 ) / 2 = 1.46 6.92 10.14
6 8.22 x 0.60 = 4.93 4.11 20.27
D 0.00 x 0.00 = 0.00 6.01 0.00
A 0.50 x 0.00 = 0.00 6.26 0.00
S Total 30.37 157.40
\ C.G of Ret. wall from A = AxX = 157.40 = 5.18 m

GVR Infra CITCPL

 Design of PCC Retaining Wall Br.662

A 30.37

GVR Infra CITCPL

 Design of PCC Retaining Wall Br.662

Total Weight of Ret. wall =(

30.37 x 7 x 2.3 +
0.00 x 7 x 2.4 )= 489.00 T
Calculation of C.G of Earth fill behind Ret. wall from 'A' .
Sl Area 'A' ( m2 ) X from A AxX
a 0 x 6.0100 = 0.000 3.0050 0.0000
b (11.69 x 3.0900 ) / 2 = 18.061 3.9500 71.3411
c 11.69 x 2.92 = 34.135 1.4600 49.8368
S Total 52.196 121.178
\ C.G of Earth Fill from A = AxX = 121.178 = 2.322 m
A 52.196
Total Weight of Earth Fill = 52.196 x 7 x 1.80 = 657.67 T
Calculation of Stabilising & Overturning Moment about toe 'O'.
1 ) Stabilising Moments :-
a ) Total Weight of Ret. wall Structure = 489.00 T
\ C.G of Ret. wall from O = 8.22 - 5.18 = 3.04 m
\ Stabilising Moment = 489.00 x 3.038 = 1485.4 Tm
b ) Total Weight of Earth Fill = 657.67 T
\ C.G of Ret. wall from O = 8.22 - 2.32 = 5.90 m
\ Stabilising Moment = 657.67 x 5.898 = 3879.19 Tm
Calculation of Vertical & Horizontal Component of Earth Pressure.
F4
4.96 5.01 F4
12.290 0.00
6.145 (H1+H2) 6145
2
0.00 F2 H2
0.00 2 12290
37.45 2.22 F3

6.15 5.01
5.16 0.42H2
5.46
0 59.65
A 600 0.0 7.9
3090 500 500
2920 10.0 1210 Force Diagram due to
8220 Earth Pressure & Live Load Surcharge
Ka1 g H2 H2/2
F3 = 0.439 x 1.80 x 12.29 x 6.145 = 59.648 T
F4 = 1.2 x Ka2 x g x( H1 + H2 )
= 1.2 x 0.297 1.800 x( 0 + 12.29 )
= 7.893 T
Horizontal Component :-
F3Cos(d+a) = 59.648 x 0.6278 = 37.448 T acting @ 5.16 m
F4Cos(d+a) = 7.893 x 0.6278 = 4.955 T acting @ 6.15 m

Total Horizontal Force = 37.448 + 4.96

= 42.403 x 7.00 (Total Length) = 296.823 T
Vertical Component :-
F3Sin(d+a) = 59.648 x 0.0000 = 0.000 T acting @ 5.46 m
F4Sin(d+a) = 7.893 x 0.0000 = 0.000 T acting @ 5.01 m
Total Vertical Force = 0.000 + 0.000 + 0.000 + 0.000
= 0.000 x 7.00 (Total Length) = 0.000 T
c ) Stabilising moment due to vertical component of Earth pressure :
= 0.000 x 2.220 + 0.000 x 5.013 +
0.000 x 5.460 + 0.000 x 5.013
= 0.000 x 7.000 (Total Length) = 0.000 Tm
2 ) Overturning Moments :-
a) Overturning Moment due to Horizontal component of Earth pressure :-
= 37.448 x 5.16 + 4.955 x 6.15
= 223.749 x 7.00 (Total Length) = 1566.242 Tm

GVR Infra CITCPL

 Design of PCC Retaining Wall Br.662

Summary of Moments
Description Stabilising Overturning Vertical Horizontal
Moment Moment Force Force
1) Dead Load of Ret. wall 1485.44 489.00
2) Earthfill on Rear Side 3879.19 657.67
3) V.Component of E.Pressure 0.00 0.00
4) H.Component of E.Pressure 1566.24 296.82
5) Vertical load due to surcharge 32.92 15.12
S Moments 5397.55 1566.24 1161.79 296.82
A ) Check for Overturning = Stabilising Moment > 2
Overturning Moment
= 5397.55 = 3.45 Safe
1566.24
B ) Check for Sliding = m x Vertical Force > 1.5
Horizontal Force
= 1161.79 x 0.50 = 1.96 Safe
296.82
C ) Check for Pressures at bottom of Foundation.
x = MR - MO x is the eccentricity of the Ret. wall section w.r.t O.
P
MR = Stabilising Moment = 5397.55 Tm
M0 = Overturning Moment = 1566.24 Tm
P = Vertical Load = 1161.79 Tm
x = 5397.55 - 1566.24 = 3.30 m
1161.79
e = b - x
2
e = eccentricity of the Ret. wall section w.r.t mid of its Base.
= 4.110 - 3.30
= 0.81 m < 1.37 (b/6)
Ptoe = P x( 1 + 6 x e )
b b
= 1161.79 x( 1 + 6 x 0.81 )
8.22 8.220
=( 141.34 x 1.593 )/ 7.00
= 32.16 T/m2 < 35 T/m2 Safe
Pheel = P x( 1 - 6 x e )
b b
= 1161.79 x( 1 - 6 x 0.81 )
8.22 8.22
=( 141.34 x 0.407 )/ 7.00
= 8.22 T/m2 > 0 T/m2 Safe
Since the Pressures are found to be within Limits ,the Ret. wall structure is Safe under this condition.

GVR Infra CITCPL

 Design of PCC Retaining Wall Br.662

2 Self Weight of Abut + Earth pressure + HFL :

1 ) Stabilising Moments :- HFL
Calculation of C.G of Ret. wall Xn from 'A' .
Sl Area 'A' ( m2 ) Density Weight 'W' X from A WxX
1 ( 1.46 x 1.00 )/2 = 0.73 2.3 1.67 6.03 10.10
2 0.96 x 10.69 = 10.21 1.3 13.28 6.03 80.12
3 ( 0.01 x 8.27 ) / 2 = 0.04 1.3 0.05 6.51 0.32
4 0.01 x 2.42 = 0.02 1.3 0.03 6.52 0.18
5 ( 1.21 x 2.42 ) / 2 = 1.46 1.3 1.90 6.92 13.18
6 ( 2.64 x 10.69 ) / 2 = 14.09 1.3 18.31 4.68 85.65
7 8.23 x 0.60 = 4.94 1.3 6.42 4.12 26.42
S Total 31.49 41.66 215.96
\ C.G of Ret. wall from A = WxX = 215.96 = 5.18 m
W 41.66
Total weight of the Ret. wall structure = Weight x Total length
= 41.66 x 7.0 = 291.65 Tons
a) \ Stabilising Moment due to selfweight = 291.65 x 3.05 = 888.63 Tm
Calculation of weight of earth behind the Ret. wall
Sl Area 'A' ( m2 ) Density Weight (T) X from A WxX
a 0 x 6.01 = 0.000 1.80 0.00 3.01 0.00
b 2.64 x 1.00 = 2.635 1.80 4.74 4.24 20.10
c 2.92 x 1.00 = 2.920 1.80 5.26 1.46 7.67
d (0.45 x 1.00 ) / 2 = 0.227 1.80 0.41 5.71 2.33
e 2.92 x 10.69 = 31.215 0.80 24.97 1.46 36.46
f (2.64 x 10.69) / 2 = 14.087 0.80 11.27 3.80 42.81
S Total 51.084 46.650 109.38
\ C.G of Earth Fill from A = WxX = 109.376 = 2.345 m
W 46.650
\ C.G of Earth Fill from O = 5.89 m
Total Weight of Earth Fill = 46.650 x 7.0 = 326.55 Tons
b) \ Stabilising Moment due to rear earth = 326.55 x 5.89 = 1921.87 Tm
Calculation of Vertical & Horizontal Component of Earth Pressure.
Ka1 g H2 H2/2
F3 = 0.439 x 1.80 x 1 x 0.5 = 0.395 T
Ka1 g H2 H3
F4 = 0.439 x 1.80 x 1 x 11.29 = 8.917 T
Ka1 g H3 H3/2
F5 = 0.439 x 0.80 x 11.29 x 5.645 = 22.372 T
F6 = 1.2 x Ka2 x g x( H1 + H2 + H3 )
= 1.2 x 0.297 x 1.800 x( 0 + 1 + 11.29)
= 7.893 T
Horizontal Component :-
F3Cos(d+a) = 0.395 x 0.6278 = 0.248 T acting @ 11.71 m
F4Cos(d+a) = 8.917 x 0.6278 = 5.598 T acting @ 5.65 m
F5Cos(d+a) = 22.372 x 0.6278 = 14.045 T acting @ 4.74 m
F6Cos(d+a) = 7.893 x 0.6278 = 4.955 T acting @ 6.15 m
Total Horiz = 0.000 + 0.000 + 0.248 + 5.60 + 14.045 + 4.955
Force = 24.847 x 7.00 (Total Length) = 173.926 T
Vertical Component :-
F3Sin(d+a) = 0.395 x 0.0000 = 0.000 T acting @ 2.48 m
F4Sin(d+a) = 8.917 x 0.0000 = 0.000 T acting @ 5.24 m
F5Sin(d+a) = 22.372 x 0.0000 = 0.000 T acting @ 5.65 m
F6Sin(d+a) = 7.893 x 0.0000 = 0.000 T acting @ 5.01 m
Total Vert. = 0.000 + 0.000 + 0.00 + 0.000
Force = 0.000 x 7.00 (Total Length) = 0.000 T
d) Stabilising moment due to Vertical Component of Earth Pressure :-
= 0.000 x 2.220 + 0.000 x 5.013 + 0.000 x 2.48
0.000 x 5.240 + 0.000 x 5.013 + 0.000 x 5.01
= 0.00 x 7.000 (Total Length) = 0.000 Tm
2 ) Overturning Moments :-
a) Overturning Moment due to Horizontal component of Earth pressure :-
= 0.00 x 12.290 + 0.000 x 6.145 + 0.248 x 11.71
5.598 x 5.65 + 14.045 x 4.74 + 4.955 x 6.15
= 131.555 x 7.00 (Total Length) = 920.882 Tm

GVR Infra CITCPL

 Design of PCC Retaining Wall Br.662

Summary of Moments
Description Stabilising Overturning Vertical Horizontal
Moment Moment Force Force
1) Dead Load of Ret. wall 888.63 291.65
2) Earthfill on Rear Side 1921.87 326.55
3) V.Component of E.Pressure 0.00 0.00
4) H.Component of E.Pressure 920.88 173.93
6) Vertical load due to surcharge 32.92 15.12
S Moments 2843.42 920.88 633.32 173.93
A ) Check for Overturning = Stabilising Moment > 2
Overturning Moment
= 2843.42 = 3.09 Safe
920.88
B ) Check for Sliding = m x Vertical Force > 1.5
Horizontal Force
= 633.32 x 0.50 = 1.82 Safe
173.93
C ) Check for Pressures at bottom of Foundation.
x = (MR - MO)/ P x is the eccentricity of the Ret. wall section w.r.t O.
MR = Stabilising Moment = 2843.42 Tm
M0 = Overturning Moment = 920.88 Tm
P = Vertical Load = 633.32 Tm
x = 2843.42 - 920.88 = 3.04 m
633.32
e = b/2 - x = 4.110 - 3.04
= 1.07 m < 1.37 (b/6)
Ptoe = P x( 1 + 6 x e )
b b
= 633.32 x( 1 + 6 x 1.07 )
8.22 8.220
=( 77.05 x 1.784 )/ 7.00
= 19.64 T/m2 < 35 T/m2 Safe
Pheel = P x( 1 - 6 x e )
b b
= 633.32 x( 1 - 6 x 1.07 )
8.22 8.22
=( 77.05 x 0.216 )/ 7.00
= 2.38 T/m2 > 0 T/m2 Safe
Since the Pressures are found to be within Limits ,the Ret. wall structure is Safe under this condition.

GVR Infra CITCPL

Karnataka State Highways Second Interim Report
Improvement Project Appendix D
Typical design calulations for PCC Retaining Wall
(Height from foundation till formation level = 9.27 m)
Check for Taper Section .

Data for retainingwall Design :-

Length of retainingwall = 7000 mm
Taper Depth of retainingwall = 9270 mm (Overwhich earthpressure will act)
Width of Abut @ Taper section = 4722.9 mm
Rear Batter Provided = 1 in 2.2
Front Batter Provided = 1 in 1000
F. Batter Provided bel. G.L = 1 in 2
Width of retainingwall top = 500 mm
direct comp flexural comp tension
Grade of Concrete M 25 s cbc 500 T/m2 670 T/m2 61 T/m2
Depth of Abut below GL 0 mm
Area of concrete = 30.373 m2 212.61
SBC of soil = 35 T/m2
Density of mass concrete = 2.3 T/m3
Desnity of R C C = 2.4 T/m3 Free board = 500 mm
Density of Earthfill = 1.8 T/m3

1
2.2 1
9270 1000
9270

Ground Level

4722.9
Cross Section of retainingwall

RC Solid Slab 10 of 11 Scott Wilson/CES/IIIE

Karnataka State Highways Second Interim Report
Improvement Project Appendix D
1 Selfweight of Abut + Earth pressure :

9270
9270

2
3

A 1 9 O
4214 500
4723
3.129 1.594

Calculation of C.G of retainingwall Xn from 'A' .

Sl Area 'A' ( m2 ) X from A AxX
1 ( 9.27 x 4.21 )/2 = 19.53 2.81 54.86
2 9.27 x 0.50 = 4.64 4.46 20.69
3 ( 9.27 x 0.01 ) / 2 = 0.04 4.72 0.20
S Total 24.21 75.75
\ C.G of retainingwall from = AxX = 75.75 = 3.13 m
A 24.21
Total Weight of retainingwall =( 24.21 x 7 x 2.3 +
0.00 x 7 x 2.4 )= 389.75 T
Calculation of C.G of Earth fill behind retainingwall from 'A' .
Sl Area 'A' ( m2 ) X from A AxX
a 0 x 4.2136 = 0.000 2.1068 0.0000
b ( 9.27 x 4.2136 ) / 2 = 19.530 1.4045 27.4311
S Total 19.530 27.431
\ C.G of Earth Fill from A = AxX = 27.431 = 1.405 m
A 19.530
Total Weight of Earth Fill = 19.530 x 7 x 1.80 = 246.08 T
Calculation of Stabilising & Overturning Moment about toe 'O'.
1 ) Stabilising Moments :-
a ) Total Weight of retainingwall Structure = 389.75 T
\ C.G of retainingwall from O = 4.72 - 3.13 = 1.59 m
\ Stabilising Moment = 389.75 x 1.594 = 621.1 Tm
b ) Total Weight of Earth Fill = 246.08 T
\ C.G of retainingwall from O = 4.72 - 1.40 = 3.32 m
\ Stabilising Moment = 246.08 x 3.318 = 816.58 Tm
Calculation of Vertical & Horizontal Component of Earth Pressure.

F4
4.25 2.62
9.270 0.00
4.635 (H1+H2) 4635
2
0.00 F2 H2
29.02 2 9270
29.59 0.51 F3 H2

4.64 2.62
3.89 0.42H2
2.95
0 41.44
A 0.0 6.0
4214 500
9.3 Force Diagram due to
4723 Earth Pressure & Live Load Surcharge
Ka1 g H2 H2/2
F3 = 0.536 x 1.80 x 9.27 x 4.635 = 41.440 T
The effect of Live Load Surcharge can be neglected as per cl: no :-217.3 of I.R.C : 6 - 1966 which says that if
adequately designed approach slab of not less than 3.5m length is provided, no surcharge effect is needed.
However this effect is accounted for this check.
F4 = 1.2 x Ka2 x g x( H1 + H2 )
= 1.2 x 0.297 x 1.800 x( 0 + 9.27 )
= 5.953 T
Horizontal Component :-
F1 Cosd = 0.000 x 0.9397 = 0.00 T acting @ 9.27 m
F2Cos(d+a) = 0.000 x 0.7139 = 0.000 T acting @ 4.64 m
F3Cos(d+a) = 41.440 x 0.7139 = 29.585 T acting @ 3.89 m
F4Cos(d+a) = 5.953 x 0.7139 = 4.250 T acting @ 4.64 m
Total Horizontal Force = 0.000 + 0.000 + 29.585 + 4.25
= 33.836 x 7.00 (Total Length) = 236.849 T
Vertical Component :-
F1 Sind = 0.000 x 0.3420 = 0.000 T acting @ 0.51 m
F2Sin(d+a) = 0.000 x 0.7002 = 0.000 T acting @ 2.62 m
F3Sin(d+a) = 41.440 x 0.7002 = 29.017 T acting @ 2.95 m
F4Sin(d+a) = 5.953 x 0.7002 = 4.168 T acting @ 2.62 m
RC Solid
TotalSlab
Vertical Force = 0.000 + 0.000 + 11 of 29.017
11 + 4.168 Scott Wilson/CES/IIIE
= 33.185 x 7.00 (Total Length) = 232.296 T
c ) Stabilising moment due to vertical component of Earth pressure :