Question 1.

Consider the synthesis of maleic anhydride from benzene as shown below.

Calculate the atom economy for this reaction.

Question 2.

Hydrogen is made by two complete processes. One involves reaction of steam and coal
and the other involves reaction between methane and steam

C(s) + 2H2O(g) → CO2(g) + 2H2(g)

CH4(g) + H2O (g)→ CO(g) + 3H2(g)

(a) What is the atom economy for making hydrogen by reacting coal with steam
according to the equation above?

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 (b) What is the atom economy for making hydrogen by reacting methane with steam
according to the equation above?

(c) In terms of efficiency, explain what a low atom economy indicates for the
reaction?

(d) Methane gas can be produced through microbial breakdown of organic waste.
Which reaction should be used to produce hydrogen gas? Give two reasons.

Question 3.

Consider the formation of ammonia via the Haber process.

Nitrogen is reacted with hydrogen to produce ammonia, according to the equation below.

N2(g) + 3H2(g) => 2NH3(g)

The hydrogen, however, comes from the reaction between methane and water according
to the equation below.

CH4(g) + H2O (g)→ CO(g) + 3H2(g)

Calculate the atom economy for the formation of ammonia.