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LONG QUIZ:

1. An air-standard Diesel cycle has a compression ratio of 16 and a cutoff ratio of 2. At the
beginning of the compression process, air is at 95 kPa and 27°C. Accounting for the variation of
specific heats with temperature, determine (a) the temperature after the heat-addition process,
(b) the thermal efficiency, and (c) the mean effective pressure. Answers: (a) 1724.8 K, (b) 56.3
percent, (c) 675.9 kPa
2. An ideal diesel engine has a compression ratio of 20 and uses air as the working fluid. The state
of air at the beginning of the compression process is 95 kPa and 20°C. If the maximum
temperature in the cycle is not to exceed 2200 K, determine (a) the thermal efficiency and (b)
the mean effective pressure. Assume constant specific heats for air at room temperature.
Answers: (a) 63.5 percent, (b) 933 kPa
3. A six-cylinder, four-stroke, 4.5-L compression-ignition engine operates on the ideal diesel cycle
with a compression ratio of 17. The air is at 95 kPa and 55°C at the beginning of the compression
process and the engine speed is 2000 rpm. The engine uses light diesel fuel with a heating value
of 42,500 kJ/kg, an air–fuel ratio of 24, and a combustion efficiency of 98 percent. Using
constant specific heats at 850 K, determine (a) the maximum temperature in the cycle and the
cutoff ratio (b) the net work output per cycle and the thermal efficiency, (c) the mean effective
pressure, (d) the net power output, and (e) the specific fuel consumption, in g/kWh, defined as
the ratio of the mass of the fuel consumed to the net work produced. Answers: (a) 2383 K, 2.7
(b) 4.36 kJ, 0.543, (c) 969 kPa, (d) 72.7 kW, (e) 159 g/kWh
4. A four-cylinder two-stroke 2.4-L diesel engine that operates on an ideal Diesel cycle has a
compression ratio of 17 and a cutoff ratio of 2.2. Air is at 55°C and 97 kPa at the beginning of the
compression process. Using the cold-air standard assumptions, determine how much power the
engine will deliver at 1500 rpm.
5. An ideal Otto cycle has a compression ratio of 8. At the beginning of the compression process,
air is at 95 kPa and 27°C, and 750 kJ/kg of heat is transferred to air during the constant-volume
heat-addition process. Taking into account the variation of specific heats with temperature,
determine (a) the pressure and temperature at the end of the heat addition process, (b) the net
work output, (c) the thermal efficiency, and (d) the mean effective pressure for the cycle.
Answers: (a) 3898 kPa, 1539 K, (b) 392.4 kJ/kg, (c) 52.3 percent, (d) 495 kPa
6. The compression ratio of an air-standard Otto cycle is 9.5. Prior to the isentropic compression
process, the air is at 100 kPa, 35°C, and 600 cm3. The temperature at the end of the isentropic
expansion process is 800 K. Using specific heat values at room temperature, determine (a) the
highest temperature and pressure in the cycle; (b) the amount of heat transferred in, in kJ; (c)
the thermal efficiency; and (d) the mean effective pressure. Answers: (a) 1969 K, 6072 kPa, (b)
0.59 kJ, (c) 59.4 percent, (d) 652 kPa
7. An ideal Otto cycle has a compression ratio of 8. At the beginning of the compression process,
air is at 100 kPa and 17°C, and 800 kJ/kg of heat is transferred to air during the constant-volume
heat-addition process. Accounting for the variation of specific heats of air with temperature,
determine (a) the maximum temperature and pressure that occur during the cycle, (b) the net
work output, (c) the thermal efficiency, and (d) the mean effective pressure for the cycle.
8. An ideal Diesel cycle with air as the working fluid has a compression ratio of 18 and a cutoff ratio
of 2. At the beginning of the compression process, the working fluid is at 14.7 psia, 80°F, and
117 in3. Utilizing the cold-air standard assumptions, determine (a) the temperature and pressure
of air at the end of each process, (b) the net work output and the thermal efficiency, and (c) the
mean effective pressure.

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