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Trichoepithelioma in goat: A case report

Article · January 2016

DOI: 10.5958/0973-970X.2016.00082.1

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 Indian J. Vet. Pathol., 40(4) : 354-355, 2016: DOI: 10.5958/0973-970X.2016.00082.1

Trichoepithelioma in goat: A case report

S.H. Raval, A.M. Patel, J.G. Patel, A.H. Charavala, B.J. Patel and D.V. Joshi
Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry,
Sardarkrushinagar Dantiwada Agricultural University, Sardarkrushinagar, Gujarat, India
Received: 15.4.2016; Accepted: 7.12.2016

ABSTRACT
Raval, S.H., Patel, A.M., Patel, J.G., Charavala, A.H., Patel, B.J. and Joshi, D.V. (2016). Trichoepithelioma in goat: A case report. Indian J.
Vet. Pathol., 40(4) : 354-355.
A surgically removed, formalin fixed tissue fromsoft, off white, ulcerated, glandular mass at junction of left teat and udder, of an
about 5-year-old mixed breed goatwas submitted for histopathological evaluation. Microscopically, neoplastic mass was composed of
islands and nests of neoplastic cells that form variable sized keratin filled cysts and supported by a moderate fibrovascular stroma.
Neoplastic cells underwent incomplete trichogenesis.In the center of islands and nests of neoplastic cells showed matrical keratinization
indicative of infundibular origin. On basis of histopathology, the tumor was diagnosed as benign trichoepithelioma.
Keywords: Goat, mammary gland, trichoepithelioma, hair follicle tumor
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Skin adnexal tumors are a large and diverse group Microscopically, unencapsulated, multilobulated,
of benign and malignant neoplasms that exhibit neoplastic mass was composed of islands and nests of
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morphological differentiation towards pilosebaceous neoplastic cells forming variable sized keratin filled cysts
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unit, eccrine sweat glands, or apocrine sweat glands.
Among the pilosebaceous unit neoplasm, hair follicle
tumors are most common in dogs, less frequent in cats,
and rare in other domestic animals1. A trichoepithelioma
is benign tumour that shows differentiation to all three
segments of the hair follicle with incomplete or abortive
trichogenesis1. In dog, most cases of trichoepithelioma
may arise between 5 and 9 years of age, with basset hound
breed and spayed female dogs have been reported at
increased risk1. The incidence of trichoepithelioma range
from approximately 0.4% to 4.0% of canine skin tumors
and 0.3% to 0.8% of feline skin tumors 2 .
Trichoepithelioma has been rarely reported in large
ruminants3, while in small ruminants no published report
could be traced in the available literature. The present
case report describes the gross and histopathological
findings of benign trichoepithelioma in a goat.
A 5-year-old mixed breed goat had soft, off white,
ulcerated, glandular mass at junction of left teat and
udder, since last six months. Over the time, mass was
gradually enlarged and reached to 6 inch diameter. The
tumorous mass was surgically removed and
representative tumour tissue was fixed in 10% buffered
formalin and submitted to the Pathology Department of
the College for histopathological diagnosis. The formalin-
fixed tissue was trimmed, washed thoroughly under
running tap water, dehydrated in different grades of
alcohol, cleared, embedded in paraffin wax and blocks
were prepared. The cut sections of five microns were
stained by routine Haematoxylin and Eosin (H&E)
staining method4.
*Corresponding author: e-mail: samirraval81@gmail.com
and supported by a moderate connective tissue (Fig. 1).
Neoplastic cells under went incomplete trichogenesis
(Fig. 2). Center of islands and nests of neoplastic cells
showed matrical keratinization indicative of infundibular
origin. Matrical keratinization was characterized by an
accumulation of keratin and shadow (ghost) cells in cyst
lumen. Variable sized keratin filled cysts exhibited both
gradual keratinization, characterized by a normal
transition from basal cells to squamous cells with
presence of trichohyalin granules (Fig. 3), and abrupt
keratinization, which was characterized by direct
transition of basal cells to keratin, which lacked
keratohyalin granules and have faded nuclei (ghost cells)
(Fig. 4). Neoplastic cells hadindistinct cell borders,
variable amounts of eosinophilic cytoplasm, round to
oval nuclei, coarsely stippled chromatin, and variable
nucleoli. Mitoses wereless than one per high power field.
Neoplastic mass was minimally compressing and
invading the mammary gland lobules. There was a focally
extensive necrosis with infiltration of neutrophils,
lymphocytes, plasma cells, and histiocytes. On the basis
of histopathology, the tumor was diagnosed as benign
trichoepithelioma.
This is probably the first report of trichoepithelioma
in goat. In dog and cat, trichoepitheliomas have a
predilection for the back, neck, thorax, and tail1,5. In
buffalo, trichoepithelioma had been reported in
middlepart of tail3. Except this case, trichoepithelioma
had not been reported in pelvic/mammary gland region.
In one survey conducted in central Italy, 4005 skin
biopsies were received from dogs and 898 from cats.
Follicular tumours and tumour-like lesions together
 Trichoepithelioma in goat 355
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Fig.1. Multilobulated neoplastic mass composed of islands and nests of neoplastic cells forming variable sized keratin filled cysts and
moderate fibrovascular stroma.Mammary gland with normal architecture is visible in lower part of image. H&E x50; Fig.2.
Neoplastictrichoepithelialcells showing incomplete trichogenesis. H&E x200; Fig.3. Islands of neoplastic trichoepithelial cells showing
gradual keratinization by normal transition from basal cells to squamous cells with presence of keratohyaline granules. H&E x200;
Fig.4. Islands of neoplastic trichoepithelial cells showing abrupt keratinization by direct transition of basal cells to keratin, which lack
keratohyalin granules. H&E x100.

represented 10.4 per cent and 8.1 per cent of all skin Sardarkrushinagar Dantiwada Agricultural University,
tumours in the dog and cat, respectively6.In this survey, Sardarkrushinagar, Gujarat, India for providing the
in dog, trichoblastoma had highest incidence followed necessary facilities to carry out this work.
by infundibular keratinisingacanthoma, pilomatricoma,
trichoepithelioma, and tricholemmoma. Due to rarity of REFERENCES
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Pathology of Domestic Animals, Volume 1. 4th ed. Elsevier
Saunders, Philadelphia, PA: 553-781.
Authors are thankful to the Dean and Principal,
College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry,

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