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Star-Delta Starter
Introduction:
Most induction motors are started directly on line, but when very large motors are started that way, they
cause a disturbance of voltage on the supply lines due to large starting current surges. To limit the
starting current surge, large induction motors are started at reduced voltage and then have full supply
voltage reconnected when they run up to near rotated speed. Two methods are used for reduction of
starting voltage are star delta starting and auto transformer stating.
This is the reduced voltage starting method. Voltage reduction during star-delta starting is achieved by physically reconfiguring
the motor windings as illustrated in the figure below. During starting the motor windings are connected in star configuration and
this reduces the voltage across each winding 3. This also reduces the torque by a factor of three. After a period of time the
winding are reconfigured as delta and the motor runs normally.
(h ps://electricalnotes.files.wordpress.com/2012/03/11.png)
Star/Delta starters are probably the most common reduced voltage starters. They are used in an a empt to reduce the startcurrent
applied to the motor during start as a means of reducing the disturbances and interference on the electrical supply.
Traditionally in many supply regions, there has been a requirement to fit a reduced voltage starter on all motors greater than5HP
(4KW). The Star/Delta (or Wye/Delta) starter is one of the lowest cost electromechanical reduced voltage starters that can be
applied.
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The Star/Delta starter is manufactured from three contactors, a timer and a thermal overload. The contactors are smaller than the
single contactor used in a Direct on Line starter as they are controlling winding currents only. The currents through the winding
are 1/root 3 (58%) of the current in the line.
There are two contactors that are close during run, often referred to as the main contractor and the delta contactor. These are AC3
rated at 58% of the current rating of the motor. The third contactor is the star contactor and that only carries star current while the
motor is connected in star. The current in star is one third of the current in delta, so this contactor can be AC3 rated at one third
(33%) of the motor rating.
1) Contactors (Main, star and delta contactors) 3 No’s (For Open State Starter) or 4 No’s (Close Transient Starter).
The main circuit breaker serves as the main power supply switch that supplies electricity to the power circuit.
The main contactor connects the reference source voltage R, Y, B to the primary terminal of the motor U1, V1, W1.
In operation, the Main Contactor (KM3) and the Star Contactor (KM1) are closed initially, and then after a period of time, the star
contactor is opened, and then the delta contactor (KM2) is closed. The control of the contactors is by the timer (K1T) built into the
starter. The Star and Delta are electrically interlocked and preferably mechanically interlocked as well. In effect, there are four
states:
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(h ps://electricalnotes.files.wordpress.com/2012/03/untitled2.png)
The star contactor serves to initially short the secondary terminal of the motor U2, V2, W2 for the start sequence during the initial
run of the motor from standstill. This provides one third of DOL current to the motor, thus reducing the high inrush current
inherent with large capacity motors at startup.
Controlling the interchanging star connection and delta connection of an AC induction motor is achieved by means of a star delta
or wye delta control circuit. The control circuit consists of push bu on switches, auxiliary contacts and a timer.
(h ps://electricalnotes.files.wordpress.com/2012/03/221.png)
The ON push bu on starts the circuit by initially energizing Star Contactor Coil (KM1) of star circuit and Timer Coil (KT) circuit.
When Star Contactor Coil (KM1) energized, Star Main and Auxiliary contactor change its position from NO to NC.
When Star Auxiliary Contactor (1)( which is placed on Main Contactor coil circuit )became NO to NC it’s complete The Circuit of
Main contactor Coil (KM3) so Main Contactor Coil energized and Main Contactor’s Main and Auxiliary Contactor Change its
Position from NO To NC. This sequence happens in a friction of time.
After pushing the ON push bu on switch, the auxiliary contact of the main contactor coil (2) which is connected in parallelacross
the ON push bu on will become NO to NC, thereby providing a latch to hold the main contactor coil activated which eventually
maintains the control circuit active even after releasing the ON push bu on switch.
When Star Main Contactor (KM1) close its connect Motor connects on STAR and it’s connected in STAR until Time Delay
Auxiliary contact KT (3) become NC to NO.
Once the time delay is reached its specified Time, the timer’s auxiliary contacts (KT)(3) in Star Coil circuit will change its position
from NC to NO and at the Same Time Auxiliary contactor (KT) in Delta Coil Circuit(4) change its Position from NO To NC so
Delta coil energized and Delta Main Contactor becomes NO To NC. Now Motor terminal connection change from star to delta
connection.
A normally close auxiliary contact from both star and delta contactors (5&6)are also placed opposite of both star and delta
contactor coils, these interlock contacts serves as safety switches to prevent simultaneous activation of both star and delta
contactor coils, so that one cannot be activated without the other deactivated first. Thus, the delta contactor coil cannot be active
when the star contactor coil is active, and similarly, the star contactor coil cannot also be active while the delta contactor coil is
active.
The control circuit above also provides two interrupting contacts to shutdown the motor. The OFF push bu on switch break the
control circuit and the motor when necessary. The thermal overload contact is a protective device which automatically opens the
STOP Control circuit in case when motor overload current is detected by the thermal overload relay, this is to prevent burning of
the motor in case of excessive load beyond the rated capacity of the motor is detected by the thermal overload relay.
At some point during starting it is necessary to change from a star connected winding to a delta connected winding. Power and
control circuits can be arranged to this in one of two ways – open transition or closed transition.
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Discuss mention above is called open transition switching because there is an open state between the star state and the deltastate.
In open transition the power is disconnected from the motor while the winding are reconfigured via external switching.
When a motor is driven by the supply, either at full speed or at part speed, there is a rotating magnetic field in the stator. This
field is rotating at line frequency. The flux from the stator field induces a current in the rotor and this in turn results in a rotor
magnetic field.
When the motor is disconnected from the supply (open transition) there is a spinning rotor within the stator and the rotor has a
magnetic field. Due to the low impedance of the rotor circuit, the time constant is quite long and the action of the spinning rotor
field within the stator is that of a generator which generates voltage at a frequency determined by the speed of the rotor. When
the motor is reconnected to the supply, it is reclosing onto an unsynchronized generator and this result in a very high current and
torque transient. The magnitude of the transient is dependent on the phase relationship between the generated voltage and the
line voltage at the point of closure can be much higher than DOL current and torque and can result in electrical and mechanical
damage.
Open transition starting is the easiest to implement in terms or cost and circuitry and if the timing of the changeover is good, this
method can work well. In practice though it is difficult to set the necessary timing to operate correctly and
disconnection/reconnection of the supply can cause significant voltage/current transients.
In Open transition there are Four states:
There is a technique to reduce the magnitude of the switching transients. This requires the use of a fourth contactor and a set of
three resistors. The resistors must be sized such that considerable current is able to flow in the motor windings while they are in
circuit.
The auxiliary contactor and resistors are connected across the delta contactor. In operation, just before the star contactor opens,
the auxiliary contactor closes resulting in current flow via the resistors into the star connection. Once the star contactor opens,
current is able to flow round through the motor windings to the supply via the resistors. These resistors are then shorted by the
delta contactor. If the resistance of the resistors is too high, they will not swamp the voltage generated by the motor and will
serve no purpose.
In closed transition the power is maintained to the motor at all time. This is achieved by introducing resistors to take up the
current flow during the winding changeover. A fourth contractor is required to place the resistor in circuit before opening the
star contactor and then removing the resistors once the delta contactor is closed. These resistors need to be sized to carry the
motor current. In addition to requiring more switching devices, the control circuit is more complicated due to the need to carry
out resistor switching
In Close transition there are Four states:
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It is Important the pause between star contactor switch off and Delta contactor switch is on correct. This is because Star contactor
must be reliably disconnected before Delta contactor is activated. It is also important that the switch over pause is not too long.
For 415v Star Connection voltage is effectively reduced to 58% or 240v. The equivalent of 33% that is obtained with Direct Online
(DOL) starting.
If Star connection has sufficient torque to run up to 75% or %80 of full load speed, then the motor can be connected in Deltamode.
When connected to Delta configuration the phase voltage increases by a ratio of V3 or 173%. The phase currents increase by the
same ratio. The line current increases three times its value in star connection.
During transition period of switchover the motor must be free running with li le deceleration. While this is happening
“Coasting” it may generate a voltage of its own, and on connection to the supply this voltage can randomly add to or subtract
from the applied line voltage. This is known as transient current. Only lasting a few milliseconds it causes voltage surges and
spikes. Known as a changeover transient.
For a star-delta starter there is a possibility to place the overload protection in two positions, in the line or in the windings.
Overload Relay in Line:
In the line is the same as just pu ing the overload before the motor as with a DOL starter.
The rating of Overload (In Line) = FLC of Motor.
Disadvantage: If the overload is set to FLC, then it is not protecting the motor while it is in delta (se ing is x1.732 too high).
Overload Relay in Winding:
In the windings means that the overload is placed after the point where the wiring to the contactors are split into main and delta.
The overload then always measures the current inside the windings.
The se ing of Overload Relay (In Winding) =0.58 X FLC (line current).
Disadvantage: We must use separate short circuit and overload protections.
There are two contactors that are close during run, often referred to as the main contractor and the delta contactor. These are AC3
rated at 58% of the current rating of the motor.
Size of Main Contactor= IFL x 0.58
The third contactor is the star contactor and that only carries star current while the motor is connected in star. The current in star
is 1/ √3= (58%) of the current in delta, so this contactor can be AC3 rated at one third (33%) of the motor rating.
Size of Star Contactor= IFL x 0.33
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The star-delta method is usually only applied to low to medium voltage and light starting Torque motors.
The received starting current is about 30 % of the starting current during direct on line start and the starting torque is reduced to
about 25 % of the torque available at a D.O.L start. This starting method only works when the application is light loaded during
the start. If the motor is too heavily loaded, there will not be enough torque to accelerate the motor up to speed before switching
over to the delta position.
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About Jignesh.Parmar
Jignesh Parmar has completed M.Tech (Power System Control), B.E(Electrical). He is member of Institution of Engineers (MIE) and
CEng,India. Membership No:M-1473586.He has more than 16 years experience in Transmission -Distribution-Electrical Energy theft
detection-Electrical Maintenance-Electrical Projects (Planning-Designing-Technical Review-coordination -Execution). He is Presently
associate with one of the leading business group as a Deputy Manager at Ahmedabad,India. He has published numbers of Technical
Articles in “Electrical Mirror”, “Electrical India”, “Lighting India”,”Smart Energy”, “Industrial Electrix”(Australian Power
Publications) Magazines. He is Freelancer Programmer of Advance Excel and design useful Excel base Electrical Programs as per IS,
NEC, IEC,IEEE codes. He is Technical Blogger and Familiar with English, Hindi, Gujarati, French languages. He wants to Share his
experience & Knowledge and help technical enthusiasts to find suitable solutions and updating themselves on various Engineering
Topics.
Manish says:
March 17, 2012 at 1:11 am
Very good Article
Reply
Gideon says:
January 25, 2013 at 9:47 am
good article
Reply
Gopal says:
March 17, 2012 at 6:19 am
Thank You Sir ji
Reply
Gopal says:
March 17, 2012 at 7:17 am
Oh Sir ji again thanks
I want be electrical design engineer in the field of power plant/substations/etc.
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Thanks
Reply
maheswaraiah says:
September 6, 2012 at 1:30 pm
thanq sair
Reply
ABI says:
March 24, 2012 at 4:59 am
hi veryvery nice article
and ji i need some datas regarding transformers request
Reply
siva says:
March 24, 2012 at 11:16 am
THANK YOU SIR
Reply
Hussain Shaik says:
March 25, 2012 at 8:43 am
Correction is to be required in ‘Disadvantages of Star-Delta Starter: Six Terminal Motor Required (Delta connected). Six Terminal
Motor is required, but not Delta Connected Motor. If Delta connected Motor is placed, when you press On Push-bu on, Three
Phases Short- circuit and Flash-over takes place in Terminal box as soon as Main Contactor and Star Contactors got energized.
Reply
Somenath says:
April 6, 2012 at 2:38 am
Exceptional artical…..helped me a lot….thanx….
Reply
juber says:
April 13, 2012 at 9:36 am
I have 60HP motor in my chiling plant, while in running condition motor suddenly trip, sometime it run continues, sometime
trip frequently, I already fluctuate relay and timer se ing in star-delta starter, and take some action, but gain same result,
PLEASE TELL ME SOLUTION…
Reply
yadvendra sharma says:
June 26, 2013 at 12:18 pm
use vfd with this…
Reply
C J Then says:
August 21, 2014 at 5:08 pm
good
teja says:
April 15, 2012 at 4:19 am
Hello sir, i am teja working in control panel designing and i am just passed out be tech EEE so please kindly help me how to
connect on/off/trip indication lamps for star-delta contactors and one thing i did not understand from your article why we are
connecting km1 and km2 contactors i,e(5,6) from control drawing so please help me reg this. thank you.
Reply
M.YUSUF CHOWDHURY says:
September 9, 2014 at 6:02 am
very good
Reply
anil says:
April 21, 2012 at 2:13 am
thanks sir the artical is unique and described in simple way .thanks again
Reply
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Reply
Rajureddy.M says:
May 15, 2012 at 5:25 am
Thank u sir, plaese update your contact detail,,,,
Reply
Alexander says:
May 21, 2012 at 6:54 pm
You know what you are doing. Your article is short and sweet
Reply
Maston Mwenda says:
May 27, 2012 at 8:24 am
Well sir,thankyou for your work. Well am from Kenya en working in electrical field. Please tell me how i can use contactors to
protect a motor connected in star delta against single phasing THANKYOU.
Reply
musa jibrin says:
May 28, 2012 at 4:36 pm
this write up really helps me ‘cos am writing a project that involved star/delta. It really help alot thank. We expecting more it
kind.
Reply
muni yandi says:
May 31, 2012 at 7:25 am
nice
Reply
absee says:
June 10, 2012 at 1:48 am
very clear n got all the info, thanks
Reply
thank you sir says:
June 23, 2012 at 12:15 pm
WOW
Reply
swash says:
July 3, 2012 at 6:20 am
awesome article…i am ding my industrial training in muscat i am a btech 3rd year year electrical engineering student i would
like to know few college project ideas related to starters which could be possible for me to understand an ddo and
economic………….thank you
Reply
Babajide says:
August 28, 2014 at 3:46 pm
please,can manual motor starter module replace star-delta starter?
Reply
Venki says:
July 12, 2012 at 6:48 am
Thank u sir…
Reply
Augustine says:
July 29, 2012 at 9:13 am
It ‘s helped me a lot thank you.
Reply
Saravanan says:
9 of 30 7/6/2018, 1:20 PM
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Reply
rajesh says:
August 8, 2012 at 5:00 am
good artical
rajesh
Reply
vaibhav garg says:
September 1, 2012 at 8:11 pm
thanks sir, your schematic diagram and method of explanation is so practical. i am currently designing a starter for 10hp to 20
hp.can you plz suggest that how can we connect a single phase preventer and an Autoswitch (which can restart the motor
automatically even after a power supply failure.
Reply
samuel says:
September 4, 2012 at 5:48 pm
this is really gr8 it is simple and precise. thank u so much.
Reply
chirag says:
September 11, 2012 at 3:40 pm
Thank u sir ji….
Reply
D Arun kumar says:
October 2, 2012 at 11:31 am
Thank you very much sir.This article is very useful for me
Reply
Shoukath says:
October 11, 2012 at 3:15 pm
I got new in my life . Thank you
Reply
PAZHANI. P says:
October 21, 2012 at 8:55 am
Respected Sir..,,
it is great Job .. your intention towards knowledge sharing take you to ‘GURU’ status.
It is so much useful to all young electrical engineers..
Reply
Sezu says:
October 25, 2012 at 7:04 am
great info
Reply
Garry says:
November 4, 2012 at 5:07 pm
HI. Please check the motor connections diagram should the terminals V2 AND U2 be swooped.
Many thank for a good explanation
Reply
Jignesh.Parmar says:
November 6, 2012 at 4:48 pm
Thank for highlighting Mistake in Diagram. Yes there need to interchange between V2 & U2. I have uploaded amended
Diagram.
Thank again.
Reply
Garry says:
November 6, 2012 at 5:17 pm
Glad to help
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Reply
Jignesh.Parmar says:
November 9, 2012 at 6:27 pm
Where is mistake !!!!
Reply
sonu99 says:
December 24, 2012 at 9:00 pm
sir…………all three winding requires line voltage but in the diagram winding U-U1 GETTING ONLY PHASE
voltage………….so it is wrong…….i m also sure
Jignesh.Parmar says:
December 25, 2012 at 5:28 pm
Request to Recheck Diagram.Here where is Phase Voltage ???
MUDASIR says:
November 17, 2012 at 10:10 am
Very good artical.
Reply
Engr dhnishan says:
December 1, 2012 at 2:46 pm
sir this is very good process.
Reply
Satya Narayan Padhy says:
January 1, 2013 at 12:05 pm
Actually its a good article…….I need ur help ,so can u please give me ur contact no.
Reply
Uncle E says:
January 5, 2013 at 6:55 pm
may U remain blessed n Properous. I luv dis Publication. I’ve gaind alot. Tanx.
Reply
Nitesh mishra says:
January 8, 2013 at 3:48 pm
Thanks sir
Reply
wasim says:
January 15, 2013 at 10:17 am
please Guide me for a Good books on Distribution n Transmition of Electrical power.
Reply
ratindra Kumar says:
January 22, 2013 at 5:34 am
Very helpful artical…thankx
Reply
pradeep says:
February 7, 2013 at 8:15 pm
thanks mr. parmar
Reply
david kevazi says:
February 8, 2013 at 3:57 am
excellent information
Reply
ram k says:
February 9, 2013 at 1:32 pm
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Reply
sandeep says:
February 17, 2013 at 11:52 am
itss great sir ji
Reply
Akmal says:
February 17, 2013 at 4:09 pm
Akmal Sardar Awan[Elec sup] i think you helping lot of peopels its great Mr Parmar God bless you
Reply
Manford says:
February 20, 2013 at 2:41 am
thanks for your helpful article .
i have a question: the Star-Delta starter is an electro-michanichal starter what is the altirnative power electronic starter same as
soft starter we can use for the same purpose ? and what are the main advanteges of the la er of the former?
Reply
bilalahmed khan says:
February 23, 2013 at 5:54 pm
very thanks
Reply
Cobus Jacobs says:
February 27, 2013 at 10:51 pm
Hi
What will happen if the electrical interlock doesnt work and the delta contactor energises before the star contactor de-energises.
Reply
farida says:
February 28, 2013 at 9:40 am
what happens when both star and delta are operated at a time
Reply
yogender says:
March 4, 2013 at 3:30 pm
star delta starter used only in induction motor or any other type of motor
Reply
Cobus Jacobs says:
March 5, 2013 at 10:14 pm
induction motor
Reply
Veronika Petronella Mazorodze says:
March 10, 2013 at 6:12 pm
great stuff enjoyed reading.
Reply
S. P.Majumder says:
March 11, 2013 at 9:38 am
S.Majumder saus :
March 11, 2013 at 15: 05 pm.
My question is that Overload Relay has been put in mainline ( before main contactor), so how could i set the relay it in (0.58x
F.L), because when motor will run in Delta full load current of motor will flow through o/L relay.
Reply
shiva says:
March 20, 2013 at 10:01 am
I reely like it
Reply
EZEKIEL A. KOROMA says:
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Reply
Nikhil Yadav says:
April 17, 2013 at 5:47 am
Sir,
I want to start twin drives (90 kw each for lime stone belt conveyor) through Delta-Star starter, what happens (in the panel and in
the motor) if i short both motor windings at star contactor.
Reply
Ian Turner says:
April 24, 2013 at 5:07 pm
I have not studied star delta for 23years so thank you for your clear insight
Reply
Muhammad Jamshid Khuram(MJK) says:
May 1, 2013 at 11:22 am
Thanks for sharing star delta information with your trade mates.
Reply
Dennis Ronoh says:
May 12, 2013 at 5:54 pm
Thankyou very much.You always equip me in the field of electrical engineering and make my studies enjoyable without
difficulties.God bless you.I have gained alot.
Reply
Rakib says:
May 15, 2013 at 8:20 pm
Very good.
Reply
K.Rama krishna says:
May 17, 2013 at 7:16 am
up to what HP the star delta starters can be used
Reply
k.pratap says:
May 31, 2013 at 12:05 pm
good article
Reply
Musa Nkomo says:
June 4, 2013 at 6:48 pm
A very good & interesting subject.Sir i hv read the differences between a star-delta starter & a DOL starter.can u please provide
me with the difference of a soft starter,VSD’s & PLC’s.thanks
Reply
Subin idicula says:
June 10, 2013 at 2:52 am
Does the control diagram changes according to conditions or requirements.?
Why control diagram is not universal as power diagr in start delta?
Reply
Subin idicula says:
June 10, 2013 at 3:02 am
Please tell me how to detect the mpcb and mccb of particular motors
Iam working as an electrical engineer in a oil plant.sometimes in mcc panel the name of the motor is not given in the
feedewhat is r,so our seniors detect.the specified motors either by relay or current given in. mpcb or mccb
Tell me what is the logic n how should I find it?
Reply
Kelvin says:
June 22, 2013 at 1:04 pm
Good artical
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Reply
lawrence says:
June 25, 2013 at 10:38 pm
u have done a wonderful analytical approach to a star-delta starter . i have gain a lot & pls keep it up. sir what must be the cause
of frequent timer’s failure in star dellta starter.
Reply
yadvendra sharma says:
June 26, 2013 at 12:23 pm
why we give supply to star winding first…?
Reply
Poundal says:
June 27, 2013 at 3:31 pm
motor connection sequence is in U1,V1,W1 and W2,V2,U2
Reply
Poundal says:
June 28, 2013 at 2:24 am
how to change the direction of rotation of motor for star delta starter?
Reply
Ankit says:
June 28, 2013 at 6:41 pm
sir why in india 230v and fix 50 hz frequency use?
Reply
ramesh r says:
July 8, 2013 at 5:20 am
very lucid article…thanks for that
Reply
Balaji says:
July 18, 2013 at 9:30 am
it is really very good article .Many Thanks for providing such a very good technical info.
Reply
sanjeet kumar says:
July 19, 2013 at 9:07 pm
I ask for you
1hp=??wa
1amp=??wa
1Kv=??mm cable (copper=aluminium)
Reply
Jignesh.Parmar says:
July 20, 2013 at 5:56 pm
Not Ge ing Your Point !!!!
1HP=746Wa
Amp depends upon Voltage so I can not Answer 1amp=Wa
1KV=?? mmCable…
Actually Amp depends on Size of Cable (copper=aluminium)!!!
You can not predict Kv from Size of Cable!!
Reply
love kumar says:
July 23, 2013 at 1:35 pm
why we short the star contactor in star delta starter
Reply
Devaraju M says:
July 31, 2013 at 5:56 am
nice one for all
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Reply
sunny rai says:
August 3, 2013 at 4:33 pm
Beautiful…..
Reply
Angelraj says:
August 10, 2013 at 3:50 pm
Good and detailed explanation
Reply
jayanand mantri says:
August 11, 2013 at 1:56 pm
Sir, we want to go for automation for waterpump please give dealers in mumbai India
Reply
riyal says:
August 13, 2013 at 11:49 am
please give me your mobile no,
Reply
praveen says:
August 17, 2013 at 7:43 am
its really very very useful
Reply
dilesh says:
August 20, 2013 at 6:36 am
sir,good notes
Reply
delca says:
August 25, 2013 at 5:34 am
Thank sir,wanna become sa engineer one day, do you have any guidance for me
Reply
Patel brijesh says:
September 4, 2013 at 2:47 am
I am happy sir thanks
Reply
mondli says:
September 17, 2013 at 9:50 am
Lekker web site
Reply
Anowar says:
September 19, 2013 at 6:33 am
I want to select HT Cable of 3x50rm,Type- 2xSEYFGY,Uo/U(Um)-18/30(36)Kv) for 2.5MVA,33/.440kV,Z=7% oil type Transformer,
Please tell me is it ok or nok.
Reply
Gokhan says:
September 23, 2013 at 10:03 pm
Thank you for sharing your knowledge, I came across a star delta starter for the first time yesterday, your notes are useful as
always. Keep up the good work
Thanks.
Gokhan
Reply
Audrey Douglas says:
September 24, 2013 at 2:11 pm
I went for an interview the other day and was asked what was The Star. I went on to tell how Star Delta worked but the
interviewer said that was not the correct answer, he said I obviously knew about the Star Delta but was not telling him what the
Star actually was. I am to go back to a second interview and still can’t work out the answer. Can you help please.
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Reply
Jignesh.Parmar says:
September 24, 2013 at 3:07 pm
Don’t be so confused or depressed .. Actually You can not judge any body by interview or You can not judge your self from
success ratio of interview.
Actually success ratio of interview is depend upon how much your knowledge match with the knowledge of interviewer..
As per my personal view 90% of interviewer doesn’t know how to take interview of candidate . He just ask the question what
he know but actually he has to ask the question regarding the topic in which candidate feel himself comfortable.
As per my personal experience ,I got rejection in one interview before six month . The reason which interviewer told me that I
have not sufficient knowledge in Electrical…The Question asked to me that “What is IR Value of Substation”..I told him to
give me name of equipment of S/S and for which voltage.but he did not convince. I also told interviewer that Substation do
not have IR value but it has Earth Resistance value. After interview I quested him to gave me answer for my knowledge but
he could not give the answer and told me to search that !!!!
There is only star connection (in winding ) which i know in electrical engineering other STAR I have no idea..Please let me
know if you get idea for that
Reply
Rey-an A. Moreno says:
September 27, 2013 at 5:12 am
maybe if you answered THE SUN IS A STAR then you might get it correct.
Reply
prasad says:
September 25, 2013 at 2:58 pm
Don’t be so confused or depressed .. Actually You can not judge any body by interview or You can not judge your self from
success ratio of interview.
Actually success ratio of interview is depend upon how much your knowledge match with the knowledge of interviewer..
Reply
PVSN Murty says:
September 27, 2013 at 7:08 am
Thanks alot Sir. Article helped me a lot. Very simple explaination on Starters.
By
P.V.S.N.Murty
Reply
SATYAM TRIPATHI says:
October 5, 2013 at 9:21 am
this is really a good post
Reply
Kapyelela Laston says:
October 6, 2013 at 3:39 pm
those are good notes
Reply
Ravi Parmar says:
October 7, 2013 at 12:48 pm
Dear Sir,
I want to ask about topic related to Star Delta Connection. What is rating difference between Star delta starter and DOL starter of
75 HP motor.
Reply
Ravi Parmar says:
October 7, 2013 at 12:51 pm
Dear Sir,
I want to ask about topic related to Star Delta Connection. What is rating difference of Over Load Relay of Star delta starter and
DOL starter of 75 HP motor.
Reply
sibikumat says:
October 10, 2013 at 2:29 pm
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In our company 75HP motor working above 20years in DOL starter .then y star delta ..
Reply
Jignesh.Parmar says:
October 10, 2013 at 3:01 pm
If your distribution system permits starting Voltage Dip than You can use DOL without any problems..
Reply
Ranjan says:
October 11, 2013 at 10:57 am
thank you sir it’s very help full notes for me and for my future in electrical side……
Reply
MAKUNDANO TIMOTHY says:
October 17, 2013 at 11:27 pm
This is a very nice article
Reply
shahi shakir says:
October 25, 2013 at 5:20 am
very good sir and than you sir
Reply
shahi shakir says:
October 25, 2013 at 5:21 am
sory thankyou sir for providing information
Reply
Metodi says:
November 11, 2013 at 7:15 pm
Hi,
I want to ask you something about the main scheme
What will happen if U1, V1, W1 and U2, V2, W2 you replace the places or the startup U1, V1, W1 join on the KM1 contactor?
Reply
souvik roy says:
December 3, 2013 at 2:19 am
Thank u sir shearing your knowledge….
Reply
bakerms keint says:
December 9, 2013 at 1:11 pm
Its nice
Reply
sai shankar says:
December 16, 2013 at 8:55 pm
good knowdged base
Reply
Naveen says:
December 28, 2013 at 1:38 pm
If your distribution system permits starting Voltage Dip than You can use DOL without any problems..
Reply
rahul says:
January 3, 2014 at 11:21 am
its nice
Reply
M A Kallon says:
January 9, 2014 at 2:57 pm
wow wonderfully done
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Reply
Ajay says:
January 16, 2014 at 3:27 am
Very in depth article about star delta starter. Nice
Reply
Ajay says:
January 16, 2014 at 3:29 am
Very in depth article on star delta starter. Nice
Reply
ALIKHAN100 says:
January 22, 2014 at 2:56 pm
you are great sir, good information for electrical engineer
Reply
Hemant Kumar Tripathi says:
January 23, 2014 at 10:47 am
please guide me that how we will decide a actual capacity of over lode relay and timer capacity for over 5 k.w. Motors. Please
give me the method.
Reply
Jignesh.Parmar says:
January 23, 2014 at 4:57 pm
It is already given in the Blog..
Reply
Maheshgautam says:
January 24, 2014 at 9:48 am
Dear sir
Reply
Wondimu kibret says:
February 6, 2014 at 2:04 am
Very good explanetion with detail!
Reply
Blessing says:
February 15, 2014 at 9:55 pm
this is good staff
Reply
Janith says:
February 22, 2014 at 7:32 pm
I am confused with the explanation of control circuit of the star delta starter and the diagram.But this is very useful article.thank
you sir…
Reply
pratyush says:
February 28, 2014 at 8:14 pm
Dear sir
Reply
rakesh varma says:
March 8, 2014 at 5:55 pm
hi sir
i want to know about power cable
i have 5hp and above and 10hp and above 50 hp and above motors
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Reply
Jignesh.Parmar says:
March 9, 2014 at 12:10 pm
What is Distance ???? Power Source ???
Use Excel sheet of this Blog….
Reply
Ritesh says:
March 14, 2014 at 10:46 am
good
Reply
Abhijeet Unde says:
March 18, 2014 at 8:04 am
ur article was to be good
Reply
sathish says:
March 20, 2014 at 3:38 pm
Dear Sir,
Please give clearances required for transformers,DGs,panels as per Andhra pradesh EB rules.We are having transformers in row
wise in b/w walls.And also plz say how much clearance required top of panel to ceiling.pls give me an idea
Reply
Arjun kumar says:
April 9, 2014 at 9:24 am
thanks…..
Reply
Atul Thakur says:
April 10, 2014 at 7:13 am
Sir,
This is very good artical. I have below mention question regarding power cable selection for star-delta starter motor, please
answer the same.
Is it correct, power cable size required for same distance & same rating star-delta starter motor is less than require for DOL
starter? if yes, why?
Reply
Hardik says:
April 28, 2014 at 7:09 am
thnks fr this good knowledge…
Reply
Mohamed iqbal says:
May 27, 2014 at 12:08 pm
Sir,
I have a three phase induction motor in HVAC system (AHU) it connected in DOL rating= 37kw,415V ,50Hz, 1481 rpm ,68A,
0.81pf and S1 Duty,make ABB. When We are commissioning this motor (solo run) starting current only ge ing 40 Amperes,each
phase. I know the starting current will take four five times of full load current I using clamp meter -make fluke for measure, why
ge ing the low value ? is it a super motor? where is the mistake sir
Reply
Mohamed iqbal says:
May 27, 2014 at 6:30 pm
sir, please upload closed transition diagram
Reply
Naftal sika says:
August 5, 2014 at 4:26 pm
Plz publish how interlock works
Reply
Nagendra says:
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Reply
arjun Barnwal says:
August 19, 2014 at 2:48 pm
Nice
Reply
marcopolo jazz says:
August 23, 2014 at 5:31 am
sir can u answer me these questions
1. what are the maintenance done on starters
2. safeties on starter
3. in star delta starter why star first then delta, why not delta first then star
Reply
trushal says:
September 4, 2014 at 12:56 am
v.good
Reply
amit says:
September 17, 2014 at 5:52 am
one question i have regarding the star delta concept is that qhy star delta starter is not used below 5HP motor
Reply
Hardik says:
September 18, 2014 at 4:10 am
Basic definition of automatic star- delta starter
Reply
Hardik says:
September 18, 2014 at 5:09 am
Basic definition of automatic star- delta starter
pls. give answer
Reply
Hardik says:
September 19, 2014 at 4:19 am
overview of automatic star-delta starter
Reply
hasan says:
September 22, 2014 at 9:50 am
Dear sir… v.nice work and good efforts… sir i am from Pakistan i wana purchase electrical notes (Hard copy)… how can i
purchase?
Reply
Philip D. says:
November 6, 2014 at 12:02 am
Hi Mr. Parmar,
Thank you for your time, in providing this excellent resource online. I’m an electrician in mid-west USA, and occasionally run
across “Star / Delta” motors & starters.
On first read, your article looks excellent – I will certainly refer to it again, in the future!
However, the first thing that struck me was in your second paragraph, and I quote: “During starting the motor windings are
connected in star configuration and this reduces the voltage across each winding 3. This also reduces the torque by a factor of
three.”
If I am not mistaken, perhaps the voltage is reduced by sqrt(3), or 1.732 – which would reduce the torque by a factor of 3.
In other words: your example shows the stator/field voltage as 230V in the star configuration, and 400V in the delta
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Again thank you Sir for your time & efforts. Please address as you wish
Philip
Reply
Jonhny Magtulis says:
November 15, 2014 at 6:16 am
I have saame rated of motor capacity 2kw motor.in Wye connection voltage is 440v in delta same 440v.
my question is what this advantage and disadvantage of thist wo connection in application?
Using in accros the line connection only.
thanks
Reply
Dr. Chander Mohan says:
November 23, 2014 at 4:43 am
HELLO SIR I HAVE 7.5 HP SUBMERSIBLE PUMP IN MY OFFICE FOR IRRIGATION PURPOSE HAVING 90 MM BORE AND
200 FEET DEPTH RUNNING ON DIRECT ONLINE STARTER.
I WANT TO REDUCE ITS WATER SUPPLY SO THAT ITS WATER CAN BE USED FOR DRINKING PURPOSE AND OTHER
PURPOSE IN OFFICE AND ALTERNATIVELY FOR IRRIGATION PURPOSE.
WHAT SHOULD I DO TO REDUCE ITS WATER SUPPLY AND TO CHANNEL ITS WATER IN 50 MM BORE WITHOUT
PUTTING LOAD ON SET. SHOULD I USE A STAR DELTA STARTER ON IT AND HOW MUCH LENGTH OF 90 MM PIPE
SHOULD I KEEP AFTER OUTLET OF WATER ON GROUND AFTER WHICH REDUCTION IN BORE FROM 90 TO 50 MM
COULD BE DONE. WHAT TYPE OF WIRE SHOULD I USE TO REPLACE OLD WIRE OF MY SIX WIRED SUBMERSIBLE.
Reply
ram says:
November 25, 2014 at 4:49 pm
very nice frd thanks
Reply
Stewart nangete says:
December 5, 2014 at 4:18 pm
Nyc notes
Reply
thamer says:
December 10, 2014 at 7:48 am
great
sir i want to know whats the use of safety relay in this circuit please ?
Reply
Junsuu says:
December 20, 2014 at 6:08 am
What is IFL? how to find ?
Reply
Bharat says:
January 9, 2015 at 9:28 am
why induction motor starting current high consume?
Reply
vimal monasara says:
January 21, 2015 at 1:55 pm
why star current is 1/1.73 of delta current?in star delta load?
Reply
spraggah says:
January 24, 2015 at 5:05 pm
Nice article sir I really appreciate your help
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Reply
jagdamba prasad dubey says:
February 3, 2015 at 1:11 am
Good article
Reply
Abraham mamo says:
February 7, 2015 at 7:07 pm
It’s nice article.
Reply
h.s.choudhary says:
February 17, 2015 at 7:22 pm
thanku sir jeevery smple
Reply
aloyce says:
February 20, 2015 at 7:07 am
thank a lot !
Reply
Ankonga says:
February 26, 2015 at 9:36 pm
Good electrical explanation and guidance!
Reply
zeeshiii says:
February 27, 2015 at 6:15 am
thanks a lot
Reply
Danny says:
February 28, 2015 at 10:22 am
I m electrician and I want lean motor ,contactors conetion.
Reply
Alec says:
March 6, 2015 at 3:37 pm
very helpful do you offer on line courses
Reply
Nathan says:
March 7, 2015 at 10:09 am
thanks Sir,
Any reference please?
Reply
Anshul thakur says:
March 9, 2015 at 5:43 am
thanks sir ji u r so helpful to med
Reply
somashekar says:
March 16, 2015 at 8:08 am
nice information. sir please tell me about LIFTS working procedure and service.
Reply
vikram ahuja says:
March 18, 2015 at 1:11 am
Dear Jignesh sir,
You provide me excel sheet of soft starter and auto transformer starter
thanks and regards
Vikram ahuja
Reply
naveen joshi says:
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Reply
NAUSHAD ALI says:
March 24, 2015 at 3:46 pm
3 phase mother star delta . sir give to 440 this moter running for star running for delta
Reply
Asefa Marye says:
March 27, 2015 at 3:40 am
Very nice for your explanation and wiring diagram, I need the limitation their voltage,current and motor size to pump up fixed
water! thanks from electrical ana computer engineering dep.t
Reply
abc says:
April 15, 2015 at 3:10 pm
why we use fuse and over current relay? , and what is type of overcurrent relay we use in star delta circuit ?
2. what we check after over speed of generator
3.what is procedure of flashing up a dead generator
4how could a old motor overheat and how we rate a fuse for circuit breaker
Reply
Alfred. says:
April 28, 2015 at 3:21 pm
good stuff.
Reply
sunusi yahaya says:
May 4, 2015 at 3:57 pm
star delta starter
Reply
bhanu says:
May 10, 2015 at 12:43 pm
Beautiful description.. Covered all the basic points.The best thing is,explained in a very simple manner. Thanks a lot..very very
much helpful.:-)
Reply
Tajuddin shaikh says:
May 13, 2015 at 3:48 am
ppz give details of why realay se ing full load of motor current *1.732 n wa to amp n amp to wa single phase n three phase
Reply
avinash says:
May 18, 2015 at 8:01 am
which connection use in star delta connection either star or delta or both?please explain
Reply
Burraq Engineering Solutions says:
May 24, 2015 at 7:22 pm
Dear Sir,
Please prove that the current in star is 1/3 times the rated current.
and also current delta is 1/root 3 of rated current
Reply
আশরাফুল says:
June 4, 2015 at 6:14 am
Thanks a lot, this is very helpful for me. There is no other site can explain Star Delta controlling circuit easily like this site. Thanks
again.
Reply
Digvijay Singh says:
June 9, 2015 at 9:54 pm
Sir why we are using current convertor in satar delta starter panel..?
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Reply
pravin parekh says:
June 13, 2015 at 8:51 pm
sir DGpwr. ane GEB pwr O/G busbar ma “sort circuit “na thai e mate kai rely instell karvi jaruri chhe athwa pl..temate drowing
/diagram batavso. Aapno viswasu pravin. Thanks
Reply
rasheed says:
June 17, 2015 at 5:29 am
How does power failure occure in electric motor I just don’t understand
Reply
Arun albert says:
June 28, 2015 at 4:33 am
Its very useful….
Reply
sandeep verma says:
July 2, 2015 at 11:20 am
Thanks for giving good knowledge
Reply
McKhaoya Titus says:
July 20, 2015 at 7:25 am
Good article for those specializing in Electrical machines
Reply
McKhaoya Titus says:
July 20, 2015 at 7:28 am
Thanks alot for the information
Reply
Paul Pollock says:
July 27, 2015 at 7:41 pm
Hi there
I’ve connected a 15 kw motor to a star delta. On star I got a reading of 46 amps and delta 20 amps. But on change over for a
second it reads 124 amps which interferes with phone lines and data. Dose my time ratio on change over need to be changed or
what.
Reply
Nandish says:
August 3, 2015 at 11:36 am
It helped me a lot to remind basics. Explained very nicely. Thank you!
Reply
Pako Ngake says:
August 20, 2015 at 8:01 am
Thank you for the good explanation but I have the following questions;
1. How long should the pause time be when switching from star to delta connection?
2. How do I make sure that I maintain the same direction of rotation of the motor when switching from star to delta connection?
Reply
Balvant says:
September 8, 2015 at 5:45 am
Dear sir I have direct online starter and starting current is 113 Amps. So when it draws high voltage during starting though the
coil does not hold and it starts hold and release very fast. Please give solution.
Reply
pratha says:
October 7, 2015 at 4:54 pm
how many contactors in star delta starter?
Reply
Erric says:
November 25, 2015 at 3:21 pm
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Has any one implemented Stall, Ground fault and under Voltage protection on Star Delta starter. Is the principal still the same
the Stall current , Ground Current and Voltage divided by √3?
Reply
MAHESHLAL says:
November 29, 2015 at 9:11 am
Dear sir ….i have one doubt….in which condition we use vfd instead of star delta starter..In my work i saw for chiller primary
pump motor they used star-delta starter and for secondary pump motor they used VFD…please explain the differences??????????
Reply
sunil says:
December 3, 2015 at 7:22 pm
Very nice to understand.
Reply
Ahmed says:
December 6, 2015 at 9:13 pm
thank you
Reply
Rohan chepe says:
December 16, 2015 at 3:01 pm
Very great articlesir
Thank you sir for help me
Reply
Subhash Chitnawis. says:
December 25, 2015 at 8:59 am
Thank you for explaining the functioning,/ principle of operation of star delta starter in very simple words. In fact I was
searching for my below query which remained unanswered.
My query is how long the transition period (Period between Break from star connection & Make in Delta connection can be
harmless.)
I am looking for 20 MS.?? Suppose there is no much Voltage / current spike generating if transition period reduced to less than 20
Milliseconds, I will be happy to think some thing on improving Star Delta starters. Your alternative given as resistor with fourth
cont actor for reducing bad effects of open transition are good but but I am thinking in reducing the time to Harmless period and
minimum is 11 – 20 Milliseconds.
Warm regards.
Reply
Subhash Chitnawis. says:
December 25, 2015 at 9:06 am
Thank you for explaining the functioning,/ principle of operation of star delta starter in very simple words. In fact I was
searching for my below query which remained unanswered.
My query is how long the transition period (Period between Break from star connection & Make in Delta connection can be
harmless.)
I am looking for 20 MS.?? Suppose there is no much Voltage / current spike generating if transition period reduced to less than 20
Milliseconds, I will be happy to think some thing on improving Star Delta starters. Your alternative given as resistor with fourth
cont actor for reducing bad effects of open transition are good but but I am thinking in reducing the time to Harmless period and
minimum is 11 – 20 Milliseconds.
If find time, pl answer at least in yes / NO what is permissible safe time. etc.
Warm regards.
Reply
D rajender says:
January 19, 2016 at 2:39 pm
Thbnk you sir
Reply
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BALASURAMANIIAN says:
January 29, 2016 at 7:02 am
your stardelta starter article was very useful. again one doubt how possible TOR blast in stardelta starter when the motor starting
time.
Reply
vikas godase says:
January 30, 2016 at 7:20 am
viri gud
Reply
PETER JOHN says:
February 1, 2016 at 10:16 pm
pls sir ,i need 10 refrences on star and delta electric motor
Reply
dereje says:
February 26, 2016 at 7:45 am
tank u very much i need how to configur pabx(automatic branch exchange)
Reply
Tin Duong says:
March 24, 2016 at 8:31 am
Thanks alot for the information
Reply
kanake kenedy says:
March 24, 2016 at 5:45 pm
nice article,please i require an article on wiring of soft starts
Reply
Mohamed Edrees says:
March 26, 2016 at 10:15 am
I have a chilled water pump at this conditions 41.5 lps @ 65 mtr , we selected the motor 50 HP , starting method is Y/D , and also
for another pump we used VFD , Both motors are ge ing very hot after only 2 hours running reached to 82 Deg.C ….. kindly
advise what should we do here …. shall we trim the impeller or what ?
Reply
Aseem says:
March 31, 2016 at 10:07 am
I have a simple doubt. Is the star-delta starter used because it causes voltage fluctuations in the supply line or for the protection
of the motor windings?
Reply
mac says:
March 31, 2016 at 2:22 pm
good day people what is the effect of reducing or increasing time delay on star
delta starter
Reply
japhet chirchir says:
April 3, 2016 at 8:05 am
Well understood
Reply
Edgar Mwambwa says:
May 7, 2016 at 9:28 pm
Thanks, the message was so impotant to me.
Reply
rajanish bhandari says:
May 8, 2016 at 7:53 am
what Is the size of MCB.
Reply
dharmendra Chauhan says:
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Reply
Sonuga says:
June 1, 2016 at 7:58 pm
Thanks sir
Reply
Tamesh says:
June 11, 2016 at 7:01 am
Nice.thanks
Reply
tubai raha says:
July 16, 2016 at 1:54 pm
thank you sir.
Reply
jadhav amit says:
August 16, 2016 at 6:11 am
what is DOL and RDOL starter.
Reply
SURYA MANI YADAV says:
September 12, 2016 at 6:19 pm
SUPER SIR
Reply
Dimple tundon says:
August 17, 2016 at 6:34 am
Pls clearify …
Ist supply us giving to delta contactor ..why…
Reply
neel says:
August 19, 2016 at 9:35 am
hi sir…as per your way i calculated current for delta contactor and the value is 24.23A.so how i select model of delta contactor???
reply fast
Reply
Tarun mewada says:
September 8, 2016 at 6:05 pm
it is so good thank for this information
Reply
Maxwell says:
September 15, 2016 at 12:26 pm
Thanks sir this article has been very useful to me.
Please l want to know more about motors. Can you help me?
Reply
sonuswami says:
September 19, 2016 at 8:38 am
Thanks for your help
Reply
Ankur Barot says:
September 22, 2016 at 6:22 am
Very good Article sir! Fully knowledgeable and understating point of view! Sir we want to invite you for Expert Session in our
Vocational Training Institute! Sir, may I’ve your email id? Or send me your contact detail on my mail id ankur@ragc.in
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Reply
BUKENYA JAMES says:
September 29, 2016 at 6:45 am
Very good notice, easly understandable thks.
Reply
boby says:
October 17, 2016 at 5:09 pm
Thak you Google team
Reply
SANDEEP KUMAR MISHRA says:
November 6, 2016 at 6:07 pm
I am electrical maintenance engineer.
Reply
arch says:
December 16, 2016 at 5:54 am
how much current flow at starting?
Reply
Gothard Mwango says:
December 18, 2016 at 7:15 pm
Very nice lesson
Reply
Pratheep kumar says:
January 9, 2017 at 4:35 pm
Thank you for your detailed about star delta.
Reply
tamer says:
January 11, 2017 at 6:28 pm
DEAR SIr
your remarks regarding disadvantages of each method is wrong and confusing
In first method overload sees I line and thus se ing will be motor In not as you mentioned while in second method se ing will be
In*0.58
Reply
MISS says:
January 31, 2017 at 8:57 am
hi may i ask what will be the overcurrent protection rating of star delta motor if the power is 55kw. Thank You!
Reply
dillip kumar jena says:
March 15, 2017 at 1:41 am
Supper
Reply
zeka kaphamtengo says:
March 21, 2017 at 5:28 pm
the article is very good .
Reply
Abhinash chauhan says:
April 6, 2017 at 2:44 am
Hmm
Reply
ddemambro says:
April 17, 2017 at 1:41 pm
Excellent article, thank you!
Reply
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Reply
sagar sarak says:
May 2, 2017 at 2:16 pm
Nice
Reply
Lakshman says:
May 11, 2017 at 10:05 am
Very Good Article you will get more knoweledge
Reply
Dave Bolt says:
May 17, 2017 at 12:03 pm
Wonderful article, thanks for the information. Is it possible to put delta connections on the star contactor to further reduce the
current rating required of the star contactor? This would be done by connecting terminals 2 to 3, 4 to 5, 6 to 1 with wires. Can
anyone think of any detrimental effects? Cheers.
Reply
Dave Bolt says:
May 23, 2017 at 12:24 pm
I’ve realised that this will not work. Does anyone know what it means to “delta” the star contactor?
Reply
Curtis says:
May 19, 2017 at 8:57 am
go
work
Reply
Xavier says:
May 23, 2017 at 6:45 pm
Your diagram is wrong. This motor would run fine in star but would loose a phase in delta.
Reply
G says:
October 13, 2017 at 8:47 am
What do you think then? Design a solution to address the perceived mistake.
Awaiting yours. Thank you.
Reply
Sharad Dhawade says:
September 15, 2017 at 3:44 pm
really thise will help me thanks for that thank you so much
Reply
Yamanappa says:
November 11, 2017 at 3:42 pm
Tnq u so much sir..
Reply
shrikant nidagundi says:
November 27, 2017 at 12:34 pm
nice good article which helped me to under stand the concept & working principal of star delta connection.
Reply
kollurugopikrishnablog says:
December 22, 2017 at 2:31 am
Very good and very easy to understand…
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Shahbaz says:
February 1, 2018 at 8:16 am
29 of 30 7/6/2018, 1:20 PM
Star-Delta Starter | Electrical Notes & Articles https://electricalnotes.wordpress.com/2012/03/16/star-delta-starter/
Thanku so much very helpful page… i give you 5 star haer… thanx siR
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30 of 30 7/6/2018, 1:20 PM