United Architects of the Phi es - Center for Career Development THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE THEORY IS DEFINED AS A SET OF RULES OR PRINCIPLES DESIGNED FOR THE STUDY OR PRACTICE OF AN ART OR DISCIPLINE. ALSO, IT IS A SET OF STATEMENT DESIGNED TO EXPLAIN A PHENOMENON, Theory in General can be defined/rationalized as follows: 1. Analysis of a set of facts in relation to one another. Example: Theory of Color and using it to regulate movement, 2. Abeelief, policy or procedure proposed or followed as the basis of action. Example: Consensus Theory and community participation as a planning approach, 3. Anideal or hypothetical set of facts, principles or circumstances of a body of fact on science or art. Example: Facts on body-nature environment relationships in relation to design standards stipulated in building and design codes. 4 Aplausible or scientifically acceptable general principle or body of principles offered to explain a certain phenomenon Example: Locational Theory and approaches to squatter relocation, Productivity ‘Theories and Office Planning Forms and Types of Theory 1. Descriptive it explains a certain phenomenon or events. They are neutral and do not lean towards any ideology. Example : Design Convictions 2. Prescriptive — prescribes bases or guidelines in design Example : Design Process, Color Psychology 3. Critical — it challenges relationships between architecture and society. Example : Sustainable Design, Green Architecture Essence and Composition of a Theory ‘There is not a grand theory or unified theory of Architecture, it is a combination of various collective thoughts, views, ideas, speculations and concepts. It is organized thematically or topically in an evolutionary scheme. The Concept of Architecture Understanding Architecture. Architecture means so many things to so many people and here are some definitions given 4. Architecture is the art and science or profession of designing, planning and constructing buildings in their totality taking into account their environment in accordance with the principles of utility, strength and beauty (RA 9266, THE ARCHITECTURE ACT OF 2004) 2. Architecture is the moulding and altering to human needs the very face of the earth itself, ( William Morris) 3. The masterly, correct and magnificent play of masses brought together in light. (Le Corbusier)United Architects of the Philippines - Center for Career Development 4, An art for all to learn because all are concerned with it. ( John Ruskin) 5. The will of the epoch translated into space. (Mies Ven Der Rohe) 6. Commodity, firmness and delight. (Sir Henry Weston) 7. Frozen Music. (Von Schelling) 8. Stone Documents... An expression of the unity and power of the nation. (Adolf Hitler) Albert Speer was Hitler's Architect, was tried after WW Il for war crimes but absolved later on. 9. Architecture is about people... meaning, the reason for it to exist (this is obvious but oftentimes in practice and in ordinary life, we lose sight of this obvious connection.) 10.Architecture is about creating order... People ordering environment for their benefit and Architects doing it for them. Difference Between Architecture and Building Architecture is the concept or idea which uses the medium of building — the process or techniques to convey. This is the science part of the profession. It becomes art when it starts to communicate its being because it affects people and their behaviors. Everybody experiences architecture whether you like it or not. It communicates via a whole range of stimuli... like visual, cultural, aural (spiritual), sensual, tactile, almospheric and spatial. Architecture is subject to a wide social, political, geographical, climatic, economic or cultural influences. It reflects @ society and communicates the values of that society. With this, architecture is a living history — an unwritten record which is as revealing as any documents as presented. e Influences on Architecture Needs ~ problems, issues, concerns, wants, desires. Society —norms, conducts, beliefs. Technology ~ systems, processes, materials Culture - spiritual, social, political, traditions, art, practices, meanings. moo @ > Geography/Climate — Local conditions and environments. These influences must not be taken too literally because Architecture, like any other art, is a synthesis of thoughts and feelings, external pressures and individual creativity Some influences may overcome or dominate others like social and political may override other aspects of culture as an Architectural influence or cultural aspects overrule climatic ones.United Architects of the Phi pines ~ Center for Career Development The Steps in Architecture 4. The Need The need for a building growing out of obsolescence, expansion, renovation, rehabilitation, preservation and conservation, etc... due to changes in physical, spiritual, economic and social conditions. 2. The Demand The demand for a building to exist based from a definite request resulting from an expressed desire, wants, dreams and aspirations, 3.The Solution The solution of the need or conception and the development of ideas leading to the solution of the problem by various considerations in the design process, The Design Process “To design is conceiving, inventing, creating... to draw, sketch, or graphically express portion or parts of a composition. In Architecture itis expressed in a plan or any desired objects or physical structure in multi-dimmensions.” The context of design in Architecture is the activity of generating proposals that change something that already exists into something that is better General Model Initiation: Problem identification Preparation: collection and analysis of information Proposal Making: synthesis of information, Evaluation: based on set goals and objectives. Cycles, feedbacks, and iteration (repeating the process) Variant Model The Need or Purpose of Structure The Philosophy Concept or Idea Research Schematics Design Alternatives Analysis, Final Design