FUNDA Q & A B.

)Provide reading material about chemotherapy

Concepts of Man and His Basic Human Needs
1.) The theory on man as a Biopsychosocial and Spiritual
being by Sister Callista Roy conceptualizes the following
EXCEPT:
A.) Man, as a biologic being is like all other men
B.) Man, as a psychologic being is like no other man
C.) Man, as a social being is like some other men
D.) Man, is a spiritual being only when he professes that he
believes in God
Ans: D
>According to the theory on Man as Biopsychosocial and
Spiritual Being, all men are spiritual by nature. This is because
of the will and intellect; virtues of faith, hope, and charity, and
the belief of existence of supreme power who guides man’s
faith and destiny
2.) Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of an open
system?
A.) It is self-sufficient and is totally isolated from other systems
B.) It exchanges matter, energy or information with the
environment
C.) It allows sustaining elements to enter the system to nourish
it
D.) It is easily affected by changes in other systems
Ans: A
>An open system needs to exchange matter, energy and
information. It is interrelated and interdependent with other
systems
3.) Which aspect of man’s nature is demonstrated by making a
choice therapeutic regimen reluctantly?
A.) Limited and unlimited nature
B.) Mature nature with core of immaturity
C.) A creature of indecisiveness
D.) Rational and logical, yet irrational at times
Ans: C
> Man is a creature of indecisiveness. He is always at the
crossroad of choosing
4.) Body image is:
A.) The way a person appears and his style of grooming
B.) The way the person looks at a certain age
C.) The way a person pictures/perceives his appearance and
function and how he compares himself with others.
D.) A body with complete parts and functions
Ans: C
>Body image is the way a person perceives his appearance
and function
5.) The nursing diagnosis Body Image Disturbance is most
likely to be written for which of the following persons?
A.) A patient with above the knee amputation
B.) A patient with second degree burns
C.) A quadriplegic patient
D.) A person entering the health care system after moving from
wellness to illness
Ans: D
>A person entering a health care system most likely would
experience alteration in body image
6.) The nurse should assess the activity tolerance of the
patient with which of the following conditions?
A.) Diabetes mellitus
B.) Diarrhea
C.) Anemia
D.) Kidney stones
Ans: C
>Activity intolerance is an appropriate nursing diagnosis for a
client with anemia. IN anemia, there is low oxygen-carrying
capacity of the blood, so the client experiences weakness and
fatigue
7.) According to Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, which of the
following is a basic physiologic need after oxygen?
A.) Water
B.) Freedom from infection
C.) Love and belongingness
D.) Self-esteem
Ans: A
>Water is next to oxygen in the hierarchy of physiologic needs
for survival
8.) Mrs. Sy, diagnosed with cancer of the breast, is scheduled
to undergo chemotherapy. How should the nurse deal with the
topic of hair loss with client?
A.)Discuss about hair loss as it occurs
C.)Acknowledge that hair loss may be a difficult side effect and
explore the patient’s feeling about this
D.) Give the patient information about head scarf, hats or wigs
Ans: C
>Focusing on the feelings of the client regarding hair loss is
therapeutic. Discussing about wigs, headscarf, and hats will be
dealt with later
9.) The following are characteristics of basic human needs
EXCEPT:
A.) Priorities are uniform to all individuals
B.) Needs may be met in different ways
C.) Needs are interrelated
D.) Needs may be deferred
Ans: A
>Priorities vary from individual to individual, according to stage
of growth and development, life situations and other factors
10.) Which of the following needs is considered by the nurse
when she implements reverse isolation for the client with
leukemia?
A.) Physiologic need
B.) Safety and security
C.) Love and belongingness
D.) Self esteem
Ans: B
>The client with leukemia has low resistance to infections.
Protecting him from infection by implementing reverse or
protective isolation technique meets his need for safety and
security
11.) Who among the following clients should be attended first
by the nurse?
A) The client with cough and colds
B.) The client with pain on the chest
C.) The client with fever due to infection
D.) The client who is for discharge
Ans: B
>The client with pain on the chest should be attended first by
the nurse because he needs to be assessed and managed
immediately before severe problem occurs. The clients with
signs and symptoms of infections may be dealt with after those
without infections to prevent contamination. The client for
discharge would require longer nursing time for health
teachings, and may be dealt with later
Concepts of Health and Illness
12.) The following are concepts of health:
1...) Health is a state of complete physical, mental, and social
well being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity
2.) Health is the ability to maintain balance
3.) Health is the ability to maintain the internal environment
4.) Health is the integration of all parts and subparts of an
individual
A.) 1,2,3
B.) 1,3,4
C.) 2,3,4
D.) 1,2,3,4
Ans D
1-WHO concept of health
2-Walter Cannon’s concept of health on homeostasis
3-Claude Bernard’s concept of health on internal milieu
4- Neuman’s concept of health on integration of parts and
subparts of an individual
13.) The theorist who advocates that health is the ability to
maintain dynamic equilibrium is:
A.) Claude Bernard
B.) Walter Cannon
C.) Hans Selye
D.) Martha Rogers
ANS: B
> Walter Cannon advocates that health is the ability to maintain
dynamic equilibrium (homeostasis)
14.) The “Health-Illness Continuum Theory” describes which of
the following:
1.) The effect of environment to well-being and illness
2.) High level wellness is achieved if a person is able to
function independently
3.) Precursor of illness may be hereditary, environmental and
behavioral factors
4.) The relationship between agent, host and environment
A.) 1,2,3,4
B.) 1,3,4
C.) 1,2,3
D.) 2,3,4
ANS: C
> 1,2,3 Dunn’s “Health-illness Continuum Theory” describes
the following:
1.) The effect of environment to well-being and illness
2.) High level wellness is achieved if a person is able to
function independently
3.) Precursor of illness may be hereditary, environmental and
behavioral factors
15.) Which of the following statements is not true is high-level
wellness?
A.) It is applicable only to healthy individuals
B.) It is the ability to perform activities of daily living
C.) It connotes maximizing one’s potentialities
D.) It is the ability to perform self-care
ANS: A
> The statement which is NOT TRUE in high level wellness is
that, it is applicable only to healthy individuals. High level
wellness is applicable to both the well and the ill, as long as
one maximizes his potentialities and functions independently
16.) Mrs. De Guzman had been diagnosed to have
hypertension since 15 years ago. Since then, she had
maintained low sodium diet, to control her blood pressure. This
practice is viewed as:
A.) Her superstitious belief
B.) Her cultural belief
C.) Her personal
D.) Her health belief
ANS: D
> Health belief of an individual influences his/her preventive
health behavior. Health beliefs may be influenced by individual
perceptions, modifying factors, perceived benefits of preventive
actions and perceived barriers to preventive actions
17.) The “Role Performance Model” of health views that:
A.) Health is the absence of signs and symptoms of disease
B.) Health is successful adaptation
C.) Health is the ability to perform one’s work or job
D.) Health is realization of one’s potential
ANS: C
> The “Role Performance Model” of health by Smith views that
health is the ability to perform one’s societal roles such as
one’s work or job
18.) Mr. Salvador practices excessive alcohol intake. This is
considered as which type of precursor to illness?
A.) Behavioral factor
B.) Environmental factor
C.) Hereditary factor
D.) Genetic factor
ANS: A
> Taking alcohol excessively is a behavioral precursor of
illness. Other behavioral factors that may lead to illness are as
follows: cigarette smoking, poor diet, sedentary lifestyle, poor
hygiene, inadequate rest and sleep, excessive worry and
tension,etc
19.) A person who may or may not be affected by disease is:
A.) Agent
B.) Carrier
C.) Victim
D.) Host
ANS: D
> A host is an individual who may or may not be affected by
disease
20.) Health promotion activities are directed to achieve the
following:
1. Increasing level of wellness
2. Improving quality of life
3. Relying on health care personnel to maintain health
4. Promoting healthful lifestyle
A.) 1,2,4
B.) 2,3,4
C.) 1,2,3
D.) 1,2,3,4
ANS: A
> 1,2,4 Health promotion activities are directed to achieve the
following:
1.) Increasing level of wellness
2.) Improving quality of life
3.) Promoting healthful lifestyle
Furthermore, health promotion involves the principles of self
responsibility for one’s health
21.) Which of the following behaviors is not expected when a
client assumes the sick role?
A.) The client seeks for sick leave
B.) The client consults a physician because of headache and
perceived fever
C.) The client takes medications as prescribed by the physician
D.) The client ignores his dizziness, with the hope that it will be
relieved spontaneously
ANS: D
> Ignoring signs and symptoms of a disease is not a sick role
behavior. Sick role emphasizes that the person: is not held
responsible for his condition ; is excused from social roles; is
obliged to get well as soon as possible; is obliged to seek for
competent help, i.e. seeking advice of health professionals for
validation of real illness, explanation of symptoms and
reassurance or prediction of outcome
Health and Illness- Asepsis and Infection Control
22.) Which of the following situations may cause droplet
transmission of microorganisms?
A.) Facing a clients who is coughing and sneezing within a
distance of 3 feet
B.) Eating contaminated shell fish
C.) Puncture from intravenous needle removed from a client
with hepatitis B
D.) Exposure to flood water
Ans: A
> Facing client who is coughing and sneezing most likely would
cause droplet transmission of microorganisms
23.) Which of the following is most effective practice by
caregivers and family, when caring for a client with low
resistance to infection due to cancer.
A.) Allow two visitors only, at a time
B.) Wash hands frequently
C.) Wear masks in the client’s room at all times
D.) Meticulous cleaning of the client’s room
ANS: B
> Handwashing is the most effective practice to prevent
transfer of microorganisms
24.) The primary why the faucet is considered as contaminated
is:
A.) It is located in unsterile area
B.) Many people are using it
C.) It is frequently used
D.) It is opened by dirty hands
ANS: D
> The faucet is considered contaminated primarily because it is
opened by dirty hands
25.) The nurse enters the room of the client on airborne
precautions due to tuberculosis. Which of the following are
appropriate actions by the nurse?
1. She wears the mask, covering the nose and mouth
2. She washes her hands before and after removing gloves,
after suctioning the client’s secretions
3. She removes gloves and mask before leaving the client’s
room
4. She discards contaminated suction catheter tip in a trash
can found in the client’s room
A.) 1 and 2
B.) 1 and 3
C.) 1,2 and 3
D.) 1,2,3, and 4
ANS: D
> 1,2,3, and 4 the mask should cover the nose and mouth
snugly. The hands should be washed before and after
removing gloves. Gloves and mask should be removed before
leaving the client’s room, to contain the microorganism within
the client’s unit. Contaminated articles like suction catheter
should be discarded in a trash can found in the client’s room to
prevent contamination of the outside environment.
26.) A 14-yar old male is to be admitted to the unit due to high
fever related to influenza. With whom among the following
clients should be placed together in the room?
A.) The 12-year old male client who had undergone
appendectomy
B.) The 12-year old female with flu
C.) The 12-year old boy with flu
D.) The 12- year old boy with leukemia
ANS: C
> Clients infected with the same type of microorganism may
cohabitate . The gender and the age of the clients should also
be considered. Clients of the same gender and approximately
of the same age group will stay together well
27.) After caring for a client with extensive body burns, the
nurse performs which of the following actions when removing
protective wear?
A.) Remove, mask, gown, gloves, cap and shoe cover
B.) Remove gloves, mask, gown, cap and shoe cover
C.) Remove gown, mask, gloves, cap and shoe cover
D.) Remove cap and shoe cover, mask, gloves, gown
ANS: B
> To remove protective wear, peel off gloves first, then the
mask, gown cap and shoe cover. This is to prevent
contamination of skin by the contaminated gloves
28.) When discarding used needle and syringes, which of the
following is appropriate nursing action?
A.) Remove needle from the syringe and discard them in
separate containers
B.) Recap needle, then discard the needle still attached to the
syringe into a container
C.) Discard the uncapped needle and syringe into a container
D.) Break the needle, then discard syringe into a container
ANS: C
> Discard the uncapped needle and syringe into a leak-proof,
puncture-proof container. This is to prevent needle puncture of
self. Universal precaution: NEVER RECAP NEEDLE
29.) When performing surgical hand scrub, which of the
following nursing actions ensure prevention of contamination?
1. Keep fingernails short, clean, without nail polish
2. Open faucet with knee or foot control
3. Keep hands above elbows when washing and rinsing
4. Wear cap, mask, and shoe cover after hand scrub
A.) 1,3,4
B.) 1,2,3
C.) 1,2,4
D.) 2,3,4
ANS: B
> 1,2 and 3- Surgical hand scrub involves the following actions:
Keep fingernails short, clean, without nail polish, open faucets
with knee or foot control; keep hands above elbows when
washing and rinsing. Cap, mask, shoe cover should be worn
before hand scrub, to prevent contamination of the scrubbed
hand
30.) When removing gloves, which of the following is
inappropriate nursing action?
A.) Wash gloved hands first
B.) Peel off gloves inside out
C.) Use glove-to-glove, skin-to-skin technique
D.) Remove mask and gown before removing gloves
ANS: D
> When removing gloves, it is inappropriate to remove mask
and gown first before gloves. Appropriate nursing actions are:
wash gloved hands first, peel off gloves inside out; use glove-
to-glove, skin-to-skin techniques. Remove gloves first, followed
by the mask, gown, cap, and shoe cover
31.) When pouring sterile solution, the nurse performs which of
the following actions correctly?
A.) Hold bottle 6 inches above receptacle on the sterile field
B.) Remove cap of bottle and place it with the underside lid
down on a flat surface
C.) Return excess solution from sterile receptacle to the bottle
D.) Place the bottle of sterile solution within the sterile field
ANS: A
> When pouring sterile solution, hold bottle 6 inches above
receptacle on the sterile field. Cap of the bottle should be
placed with underside lip up, on a flat surface. Excess solution
should not be returned to the bottle because this is considered
contaminated. The bottle of the sterile solution should be
placed outside the sterile field because the outside part of the
bottle is nonsterile. Remember, sterile field/object should come
in contact with sterile objects only, to maintain sterility.
STRESS, ADAPTATION,HOMEOSTASIS
32.) Which of the following does not characterize stress?
A.) Stress is a nervous energy
B.) A single stress does not cause a disease
C.) Stress in inherent to life
D.) Stress may be protective but at times problematic
ANS: A
> This is an incorrect statement because stress is not a
nervous strategy; it is a psychophysiologic response
33.) Adaptive responses of man to stressors are characterized
by the following:
1. They are attempts to maintain equilibrium
2. They are fairly uniform in all individuals
3. They are limitless
4. They are always adequate to overcome stressors
A.) 1 and 2
B.) 1 and 3
C.) 1 and 4
D.) 2 and 4
ANS: B
> 1 and 3 adaptive responses are attempts to maintain
equilibrium and they are not limitless
34.) The first manifestation of inflammation is:
A.) Heat
B.) Redness
C.) Swelling
D.) Pain
ANS: B
> The first manifestation of inflammation is redness. This is due
to increased blood flow to the area affected
35.) The primary cause of pain at the site of inflammation is:
A.) Release of bradykinin
B.) Injury to nerve endings
C.) Compression of local nerve endings by edema fluids
D.) Impaired circulations
ANS: C
> The primary cause of pain at the site of inflammation is the
compression of local nerve endings by edema fluids
36.) The client is in stress because he was told by the
physician that he needs to undergo surgery for removal of
tumor in his stomach. Which of the following are effects of
activation of the sympatho-adreno-medullary response in the
client?
1. Constipation
2. Urinary frequency
3. Hypoglycemia
4. Increased BP
A.) 1 and 2
B.) 1 and 3
C.) 2 and 3
D.) 1 and 4
ANS: D
>1 and 4- Effects of SAMR are due to release of
norepinephrine and epinephrine. These include constipation
and increase BP
37.) The client is on NPO since midnight, as preparation for
blood test. Adreno-cortical response is activated. Which of the
following is an expected response?
A.) Low BP
B.) Decrease urine output
C.) Warm, flushed, dry skin
D.) Low serum Na levels
ANS: B
> Adreno-cortical response involves release of aldosterone that
leads to retention of sodium and water. This results to
decreased urine output
38.) The client fell from the stairs, and had twisted her ankle.
The injury caused inflammation of the ankle. The nursing
interventions for the inflamed ankle would least likely include
which of the following?
A.) Elevate the ankle with pillow support
B.) Apply warm compress over the ankle for the first seventy-
two hours
C.) Apply compression bandage over the ankle
D.) Administer anti-inflammatory drug as ordered by the M.D.
ANS: B
> Application of warm compress over an inflamed body part for
the first 72hours of injury is not included in the nursing
interventions for inflammation. Cold compress is preferably
applied during the first 72hours to cause vasoconstriction and
prevent/reduce swelling.
39.) Which of the following events characterize the GAS stage
of Alarm?
A.) Fight-or-flight response is activated
B.) The person regains homeostasis
C.) Adaptive mechanisms fail
D.) Levels of resistance are increased
ANS: A
> During the GAS stage of Alarm, fight-or-flight response is
activated
40.) The client is a 57 year old male who works as a traffic
officer. He is exposed to sunlight from morning until afternoon.
Which of the following is considered as a physiologic adaptive
mode of the client?
A.) He learns to interpret different traffic signs
B.) He sees to it that he wears his uniform as dignified as a
policeman does
C.) He develops dark skin
D.) He learns the skill of giving traffic directions to drivers and
pedestrian
ANS: C
> Development of dark skin due to prolonged exposure to
sunlight, is an example of physiologic adaptive mode
41.) The first protective cells launched at the site of tissue
injury are the:
A.) Basophils
B.) Eosinophils
C.) Monocytes
D.) Neutrophils
ANS: D
> Neutrophils are the first protective cells launched at the site
of injury to perform phagocytosis
Therapeutic Communication
42.) Therapeutic nurse-patient relationship is described as
follows:
1. It is based on friendship and mutual interest
2. It is a professional relationship
3. It is focused on helping the patient solve problems and
achieve health-related goals
4. It is maintained only as long as the patient requires
professional help
A.) 1,2,3
B.) 1,2,4
C.) 2,3,4
D.) 1,3,4
ANS: C
> 2,3,4- Nurse-patient relationship is a professional
relationship, it is a helping relationship; it is maintained only as
long as the patient requires professional help. It is not based
on friendship and mutual interest.
43.) During the working phase of therapeutic relationship, the
nurse performs the following activities EXCEPT:
A.) Reviews the client’s medical record
B.) Establishes a contract with the client regarding
expectations and responsibilities
C.) Decides with the client on mutually agreed upon goals
D.) Discusses with the client on time frame of the relationship
ANS: A
> Reviewing the client’s medical record is an activity done
during the pre-interaction phase of the therapeutic nurse-
patient relationship. All the other choices are performed during
the working phase
44.) The client has been scheduled to undergo surgery for
removal of tumor in her right breast. Which of the following
manifestations indicate that she is experiencing mild anxiety?
A.) She has increased awareness of the environment details
B.) She focuses on selected aspect of her illness
C.) She experiences incongruence of thoughts, feelings and
actions
D.) She experiences random motor activity
ANS: A
> Increased awareness of the environment details is a
manifestation of mild anxiety
45.) Which of the following nursing interventions would least
likely be effective when dealing with a client with aggressive
behavior?
A.) Approach in calm, direct manner
B.) Provide opportunities to express feelings
C.) Maintain eye contact with the client
D.) Isolate the client from other clients
ANS: D
> Isolating the client who manifests aggressive behavior would
be ineffective intervention. This may further agitate him.
Providing outlets, like physical activities will be more effective,
to divert the client’s energy
46.) The client express fear that God will not be supportive and
might be punitive. He is experiencing which of the following
responses?
A.) Spiritual pain
B.) Spiritual anger
C.) Spiritual anxiety
D.) Spiritual loss
ANS: C
>Spiritual anxiety is expression of fear that God will not be
supportive and might be punitive
47.) The client verbalizes, “I’m nothing.” Which of the following
is the most appropriate response by the nurse?
A.) “Are you suggesting that you feel worthless?”
B.) “Of course, you’re everything.”
C.) “That’s not true.”
D.) “You should not feel that way.”
ANS: A
> Attempts to translate into feelings is a therapeutic technique
of communication. Using denial (B), disagreeing (C), and
advising (D), are non-therapeutic techniques of
communication.
48.) The client verbalizes that he is very anxious that the
diagnostic tests he had undergone might reveal he has cancer.
Which of the following is most appropriate nursing
intervention?
A.) Tell the client not to worry unnecessarily, until the results
are in.
B.) Ask the client to express feelings and concerns with
regards to outcome of the tests
C.) Reassure the client that everything will be alright
D.) Advise the client to divert his attention by watching
television or reading newspaper
ANS: B
> Exploring the client’s feelings and encouraging evaluation
encourage verbalization by the client and therefore promote
therapeutic nurse-client relationship. Reassuring (A and C),
advising (D), are non-therapeutic techniques of communication
49.) Which of the following statements clearly defines
therapeutic communication?
A.) Therapeutic communication is an interactional process
which is primarily directed by the nurse
B.) Therapeutic communication is conveys feelings of warmth,
acceptance and empathy from the nurse to a patient in a
relaxed atmosphere
C.) Therapeutic communication is a reciprocal interaction
based on trust and aimed at identifying patient needs and
developing mutual goals
D.) Therapeutic communication is the assessment component
of the nursing process
ANS; C
> Therapeutic communication is a reciprocal interaction based
on trust and aimed at identifying patient needs and developing
mutual goals.
50.) Which of the following concepts is most important in
establishing therapeutic nurse-patient relationship?
A.) The nurse must fully understand the patient’s feelings,
perceptions and reactions before goals can be established
B.) The nurse must be a role model for health-fostering
behaviors
C.) The nurse must recognize that the patient may manifest
maladaptive behavior during illness
D.) The nurse needs to understand that the patient may test
her before he can accept and trust her
ANS: D
> In establishing therapeutic nurse-patient relationship, the
nurse needs to understand that the patient may test her before
he can accept and trust her
51.) Which communication skill is most effective in dealing with
covert communication?
A.) validation
B.) Listening
C.) Evaluation
D.) Clarification
ANS: A
> Validation is required for covert communication. Only the
patient can describe what he wants to convey through covert
communication.
52.) Which of the following are qualities of good recording?
1. Brevity
2. Completeness and chronology
3. Appropriateness
4. Accuracy
A.) 1,2
B.) 3,4
C.) 1,2,3
D.) 1,2,3,4
ANS: D
> 1,2,3 4- Good recording is characterized by brevity,
completeness and chronology, appropriateness and accuracy.
53.) All of the following chart entries are correct EXCEPT:
A.) Complained of chest pain
B.) Chest pain relieved after administration of NTG sublingually
C.) Able to ambulate to the bathroom without assistance
D.) Vital signs 120/84 82, 18
ANS: D
> Recording of vital signs should be T,PR,RR,BP. So the
recording of vital signs letter D is incorrect. The rest are correct
chart entries.
54.) The accepted method for signing a nurse’s note is:
A.) J.C./R.N.
B.) Juan Cruz, Clinical Instructor
C.) Juan Cruz
D.) Juan D. Cruz, R.N.
ANS: D