Practice Problems on Integration by Parts (with Solutions)

This problem set is generated by Di. All of the problems came from the past exams of Math 222
(2011-2016). Many exam problems come with a special twist. I pick the representive ones out. For
some of you who want more practice, it’s a good pool of problems. The solutions are not proven
to be typo-free. If there’s any errors, please kindly let me know. :)

R
1. arctan (3z) dz
R
2. (ln x)2 dx
R
3. x2 cos x2 dx
R
4. ln x2 + 1 dx
R
5. cos x ln (sin x) dx
R p
6. sin ( x) dx
R 2
7. x3 ex dx This problem from 2016 is very very hard. Hint: try u-sub …rst.
R n
8. In = x sin (2x) dx
R
9. In = xn e2x dx
R
10. In = (1 + x)n sin xdx
R
11. In = x n sin xdx

Solutions are provided in the next page.

 R 1
1. arctan (3z) dz = z arctan 3z 6 ln 1 + 9z 2 + C
Work:
Z Z
3z F = arctan (3z) ; G0 = 1
arctan (3z) dz = z arctan (3z) dz 3
1 + 9z 2 F 0 = 1+9z 2; G = z
Z
1 1 u = 1 + 9z 2
= z arctan (3z) du
6 u du = 18zdz ) 16 du = 3zdz
1
= z arctan (3z) ln juj + C
6
1
= z arctan (3z) ln 1 + 9z 2 + C
6
R
2. (ln x)2 dx = x ln2 x 2 ln x + 2 + C
Work:
Z Z
F = (ln x)2 G0 = 1
(ln x)2 dx = x (ln x)2 2 ln xdx 1
F 0 = 2 ln xx G =x
Z
F = ln x G0 = 1
= x (ln x)2 2 ln xdx
F 0 = x1 G = x
Z
2
= x (ln x) 2 x ln x 1dx

= x (ln x)2 2 (x ln x x) + C
R
3. x2 cos x2 dx = 2x2 sin x2 + 8x cos x2 16 sin x2 + C
Work:
Z Z
2x 2 x x F = x2 G0 = cos x2
x cos dx = 2x sin 4 x sin dx
2 2 2 F 0 = 2x G = 2 sin x2
Z
x x F = x G0 = sin x2
= 2x2 sin 4 x sin dx
2 2 F 0 = 1 G = 2 cos x2
Z
x x x
= 2x2 sin 4 2x cos + 2 cos dx
2 2 2
x x x
= 2x2 sin 4 2x cos + 4 sin +C
2 2 2
R
4. ln x2 + 1 dx = x ln x2 + 1 + 2 arctan x 2x + C
Work:
Z Z
2 2 x2 F = ln x2 + 1 G0 = 1
ln x + 1 dx = x ln x + 1 2 dx
x2 + 1 F 0 = x22x+1 G=x
Z
2 x2 + 1 1
= x ln x + 1 2 dx
x2 + 1 x2 +1
Z
2 1
= x ln x + 1 2 1 dx
x2 +1
= x ln x2 + 1 2 (x arctan x) + C
 R
5. cos x ln (sin x) dx = sin x ln (sin x) sin x + C
Work: Approach 1: IBP directly
Z Z
F = ln (sin x) G0 = cos x
cos x ln (sin x) dx = sin x ln (sin x) cos xdx
F 0 = cos x
sin x G = sin x
= sin x ln (sin x) sin x + C

Approach 2: u-sub + IBP

Z Z
u = sin x
cos x ln (sin x) dx = ln udu
du = cos xdx
Z
F = ln u G0 = 1
= u ln u 1du
F 0 = u1 G = u
= u ln u u+C
= sin x ln (sin x) sin x + C
R p
6. sin xdx
Work:
Z Z p 1
p u = x du = 12 x 2 dx
sin xdx = 2 u sin udu 1
2x 2 du = dx ) 2udu = dx
Z
F = u G0 = sin u
= 2 u cos u + cos udu
F 0 = 1 G = cos u
= 2 ( u cos u + sin u) + C
p p p
= 2 x cos x + sin x + C

R 2
7. x3 ex dx This problem is really hard. It’s ok to ignore it, I guess.
2
Di’s Thinking Process: The …rst thing that I tried was IBP directly. Since ex is not easy
2 2 4
to integrate. I chose F = ex ; G = x3 . Then F 0 = 2xex ; G = x4 : However, look at what
happened!
Z Z 4
0 2x
FG = 2xex dx
4
Z
1 2
= x5 ex dx
2

We started with x3 and now get x5 , making the problem even harder??!! This shows it’s the
wrong direction to go! Don’t give up! Let’s try something else. Well... No other thing could
be tried but u sub. Let’s see.
 Work:
Z Z
3 x2 du u = x2
x e dx = x3 e u
2x du = 2xdx ) du2x = dx
Z
1
= x2 eu du
2
Z
1
= ueu du Wow! Magically it worked! We can do IBP now.
2
Z
1 F = u G0 = eu
= ueu eu du
2 F 0 = 1 G = eu
1
= (ueu eu ) + C
2
1 2 x2 2
= x e ex + C Yeah! We did it!
2
R
8. In = xn sin (2x) dx
Work:
Z
cos (2x) n n F = xn G0 = sin (2x)
In = x + xn 1
cos (2x) dx cos(2x)
2 2 F 0 = nxn 1 G=
2
Z
cos (2x) n n n 1 sin (2x) (n 1) F = xn 1 G0 = cos (2x)
= x + x xn 2
sin (2x) dx
2 2 2 2 F 0 = (n 1) xn 2 G = sin(2x2
cos (2x) n n n 1 sin (2x) n (n 1)
In = x + x In 2
2 2 2 4
R
9. In = xn e2x dx
Work:
Z
1 n 2x n F = xn G0 = e2x
In = x e xn 1 2x
e dx 1 G = e2x
2 2 F 0 = nxn 2
1 n 2x n
In = x e In 1
2 2
R
10. In = (1 + x)n sin xdx
Work:
Z
n F = (1 + x)n G0 = sin x
In = (1 + x) cos x + n (1 + x)n 1
cos xdx
F 0 = n (1 + x)n 1
G = cos x
Z
n F = (1 + x)n 1 G0 = cos x
= (1 + x) cos x + n (1 + x)n 1
cos xdx
F 0 = (n 1) (1 + x)n 2 G = sin x
Z
n n 1
= (1 + x) cos x + n (1 + x) sin x (n 1) (1 + x)n 2
sin xdx

In = (1 + x)n cos x + n (1 + x)n 1

sin x n (n 1) In 2

R n sin xdx
11. In = x
Work:
Z
n n 1 F =x n G0 = sin x
In = x cos x n x cos x
F 0 = nx n 1 G = cos x
Z
n n 1 F =x n 1 G0 = cos x
= x cos x n x sin x + (n + 1) x n 2 sin xdx
F = ( n 1) x n 2 G = sin x
0

n n 1
In = x cos x nx sin x + n (n + 1) In+2

For reduction formulas, we prefer the integral in the left hand side is of higher order, and
the integral in right hand side is lower. That’s what we meant by "reduction". But now the
order is increasing.
n n 1
In + x cos x + nx sin x = n (n + 1) In+2
1 n n 1
In+2 = In + x cos x + nx sin x
n (n + 1)