Gerald Jun P.

Gavarra BSED Major in Science 1-A

William Vincent F. Gogolin Major in Science 1-A
Basketball is a handball game usually played by two teams of five players on the court. A basketball
is a spherical object that rolls and bounces. The objective is to get the ball through a hoop mounted
high on a backboard at back end. It is a very popular sportworldwide, played with a round and
usually orange ball that bounces. Basketball players mainly use skills such as dribbling, shooting,
running, and jumping.
The game is played between men's teams or between women's teams. Basketball has been played
in the Summer Olympic Games since 1936. The shot clock rule started in 1954. The first basketball
game took place in 1892, where the court was half the size of what it is today.In 1891 the game was
invented by Jim Naismith.

Rules
The aim of basketball is to score more points than the other team, by shooting the ball in the basket.
Baskets can be worth 1, 2, or 3 points. You get points by shooting the ball into the opponents'
basket. The team with the most points at the end of the game wins.

Equipment
The court, where the game is played, is a rectangle, and at both end lines there is a goal called a
"hoop" in the shape of a circle basket with the bottom cut out.
In each game of basketball these things are required:

 Basketball
 Basketball court
 Basketball hoop and backboard

Playing regulations
A game of basketball is made up of four different quarters, each ten (or in the National Basketball
Association, 12) minutes long. In the NCAA, or National Collegiate Athletic Association, there are 2,
20 minute halves. At the start of every game the referee throws the basketball up in the air, and one
player from each team tries to hit it to their teammates, that is called a "jump ball."
At the start of each quarter the team who has the possession arrow pointing towards their hoop gets
the ball. Then the arrow is switched, and the next team gets the ball next quarter.
After four quarters, the team who scores the most points wins. If the two teams score the same
number of points, there is a five-minute "overtime" to see who can score more points. "Overtime" can
be played over and over until one team finally scores more points.
While playing the game, players on one team try to stop players on the other team from scoring.
Each normal score is worth two points; however, if a player throws the ball into the hoop from behind
the large arced line on the court, called the "3-point line," the score is worth three points.
If a player does something illegal in the game, it is called a "foul." If a player fouls someone on the
other team who is shooting the basketball, the player who was fouled gets to shoot "free throws"
from the "foul line". A free throw is a shot that no one is allowed to try to block. Each successful free
throw is worth one point.
Gerald Jun P. Gavarra BSED Major in Science 1-A
William Vincent F. Gogolin Major in Science 1-A
If a player fouls an opponent who is not shooting, the other team gets the ball, and can throw it in
bounds from the sideline. Players can do three things with the ball: "dribble" (bounce) the ball, "pass"
the ball to a teammate, or "shoot" the ball at the hoop. The player with the ball tries to keep the ball
and not let the other team get it.
Once a player commits five fouls, he is no longer allowed to play in the game, and a player on the
bench must go in the game immediately.

Officials
In a game of basketball, there are a number of officials who are not from either team, who are there
to help. Officials are important to the game, and help it run efficiently. Here is a list of some of these
people:

 Umpire There are either one or two or three or four or five umpires in a game of basketball. It is
the umpires' job to make the game more fair by enforcing the rules of the game. The umpires
take into consideration the spirit and intent of the player before making any call. In the NBA and
WNBA, the term "umpire" is not used; the person who has this role is called the referee.
 Referee The use of this word varies between rule sets.
 Under the rules of FIBA (the worldwide governing body for the sport), the NCAA (U.S.
college basketball), and NFHS (U.S. high schools), there is one referee in a game of
basketball. He is the "head" umpire. The referee has all the jobs of the umpires along with a
couple more responsibilities. He is also the one that makes the final decision for most
problems and is the one who throws the ball up for the tip off the start of the match.
 The first ever recorded female referee is Isabelle Johnson from Melbourne.
 The first ever recorded male referee is Campbell Grech from Melbourne.
 Time Keeper There is one timekeeper whose job is to keep track of the time and to tell the
umpires when time for each quarter has run out. He is also in control of adding the scores onto
the scoreboard.
 Scorekeeper There is one scorekeeper whose job is to keep track of and record all points
scored, shots attempted, fouls made and timeouts called.
 Assistant Scorekeeper There is one assistant scorekeeper in a game of basketball. his job is
to assist the scorekeeper, by telling him the players who score points, and to hold up a number
for each foul called, showing everyone the number of fouls the specified player has for the
game.
 Shot Clock Operator There is one shot clock operator and his job is to keep resetting and
holding the device when needed or told to by an umpire. This person needs to have good
reflexes and quickness, as he has to quickly reset the timer when the game resumes.
Fans and media in North America will often use "referee" to describe all on-court officials, whether
their formal titles are "referee", "umpire", or "crew chief".

Basketball terms
There are some basketball terms that players have to understand when playing the game. Here are
some terms:

 Draft pick is an eligible player selected to play for one of thirty teams in the NBA
 Free throw is a basketball throw from the free-throw line from either personal,
technical, unsportsmanlike or disqualifying fouls. Each free-throw made is worth one point. The
amount of free-throws attempted are determined by the following:
 missed field goal and a drawn foul will result in 2 free throws
Gerald Jun P. Gavarra BSED Major in Science 1-A
William Vincent F. Gogolin Major in Science 1-A
 made field goal and a drawn foul will result in 1 free throw
 missed 3-point attempt and a drawn foul will result in 3 free throws
 made 3-point attempt and a drawn foul will result in 1 free throw
 unsportsmanlike foul will result in 2 free throws and the same team's possession. (In all
North American rule sets, this foul is called a "flagrant foul", with the same penalty.)
 technical foul will result in 2 free throws and the same team's possession. (In the NBA and
WNBA, technical fouls result in 1 free throw instead of 2.)
 Field goal is any made shot in normal play. Field goals are worth 2 points, unless the shooter
was outside the three-point line, in which case it is worth 3 points.
 Personal foul is any contact, committed by a player of the other team, thought, by the umpires,
to have caused a disadvantage.
 Technical foul is a violation of certain basketball rules. They include:
 fighting or threatening to fight with another person
 entering the basketball court when it is not a substitution time
 a player being out of bounds (away from the court) to gain an advantage
 having too many players play on the court
 refusing to sit on the bench
 returning to play when a player is disqualified (loses his privileges to play).
 yelling and/or swearing at another player or an official.
 Rebound is the act of catching the basketball after a shot has been attempted, but missed.
 Assist is to pass a teammate the ball, which then the teammate immediately shoots into the
basketball ring successfully. 2-3 dribbles are allowed after catching the ball for assist to be
counted.
 Steal is to take the ball away from a person who is dribbling, shooting or passing without
physically touching the person (committing a foul).
 Turnover is when the team that controls the ball loses control and the other team gains control.
 Walkover is the automatic victory of a team if the opposing team withdraws, is disqualified or
there is not any competition at all.
 Substitution is the act of replacing a player from the court to an another player sitting on the
bench.
 Double dribble is when a player dribbles the ball and picks it up and then dribbles it again
without having shot or passed it. Dribbling the ball with two hands is also a double dribble. If a
player double dribbles, the ball is automatically given to the other team.
 Carry is when a player physically turns the ball over with their hands whilst dribbling it.
 Travel is when a player in possession of the ball moves both feet without dribbling the ball. If a
player travels, the ball is automatically given to the opposing team.
 Shot clock is a clock designed to limit the time a team has to shoot a basketball. The shot clock
is different in different leagues, but it is usually between 24 seconds and 35 seconds. After time
runs out, the ball is automatically given to the opposing team unless they shot, before the clock
runs out, and hit the rim or the ball enters the basket.
 Substitute (subs) is when a player on the bench swaps for a player on the court. The player on
the bench is allowed to play and the player sits on the bench.
 Jump ball happens at the start of every game. This is where the ball gets thrown up from the
centre circle and one person from each team jumps for it, aiming to hit it to one of his team
mates.
 Alternating possession At the start of the game there is a jump ball. Whichever team "wins"
the jump ball gets the arrow pointed towards their goal. Each time the rules mention it the ball
gets given to the team who is trying to score in the direction of the arrow and the arrow gets
turned.
Gerald Jun P. Gavarra BSED Major in Science 1-A
William Vincent F. Gogolin Major in Science 1-A
 Clutch is a shot made at a difficult moment in the game, usually when the shot clock is about to
run out or the team, losing by 1 or 2 points, suddenly wins the game, because of the clutch shot.
 Backcourt violation is when a player crosses the half-court line and walks backwards over the
line while in possession of the ball, or passes to another player who is behind the half-court line.
Note that this rule does not apply if a defensive player taps the ball, and it goes beyond the half-
court line, and the offensive player retrieves it in the "backcourt".
 3-second violation is when a player stands in the lane (an area marked by the big square in
front of the basket) for more than 3 seconds. The offensive team that commits a 3-second
violation will lose the possession of the ball. The defensive team that commits a 3-second
violation will receive a technical foul.
 8- or 10-second violation is when the team with the ball fails to advance the ball past the
center line within the allowed time. The offensive team will lose possession. The allowed time is
8 seconds in international play, the NBA, and WNBA, and 10 seconds in college and high school
play for both males and females. Women's college basketball was the last level of basketball to
add this violation, only doing so for the 2013–14 season.
Basketball Drills

Dribbling Lines – Dribbling Drill

Overview:
This is a simple drill to teach the basics of dribbling to new players.

It’s a good way to introduce new moves without overwhelming them and will also help to
improve the technique of the movements players already know.

Setup:
Every player has a basketball and lines up on the baseline.

If you have more than 8 players, create two lines on the baseline instead of one.

How it Works:
The coach will instruct the players to use different dribbling movements to dribble up to
either the half-court line or full court.

Tell them the dribble movement you want to be performed first, and then say ‘go’.

Here are a few that I like to use:

• Right hand up, left hand back

• Crossovers
• Behind-the-back
Gerald Jun P. Gavarra BSED Major in Science 1-A
William Vincent F. Gogolin Major in Science 1-A
• Through-the-legs
• Dribble low
• Dribbling backwards

Coaching Points:
 Players must keep their heads up at all times.

 Once they develop good technique, focus on the players pushing off with their
outside foot when making a move.

 Write down the dribbling moves so that you don’t forget them. I always do!

Partner Passing – Passing Drill

Overview:
Partner passing teaches the absolute basics of passing and allows your players to
practice different types of passes and the correct technique.

A great drill for kids beginning to learn the game of basketball.

Setup:
Players get into pairs and should have one basketball between them.

Once the players are in pairs, they must stand on a line parallel from their partner.

How it Works:
The coach will explain which type of pass they want performed and then the players will
pass back and fourth to each other.

Every minute or so the coach can change the type of pass the players are performing or
increase the distance they are apart if it’s too easy.

Coaching Points:
 Make sure you mix up which type of pass you want them to perform (bounce pass,
chest pass, one-handed push-pass, ect).
 Don’t allow players to be silly and throw the basketball too hard at their partner. It will
end up with blood noses.
Gerald Jun P. Gavarra BSED Major in Science 1-A
William Vincent F. Gogolin Major in Science 1-A
 Make sure all coaches are teaching the same passing technique so the kids don’t get
confused.
Perfects – Shooting Drill

Overview:
This is a great drill for players to practice shooting with perfect form and also a for
coaches to teach and correct shooting form.

Setup:

Players form three lines a couple of feet out from the basket. Use both ends of the court
if possible so that kids get to take more shots. Every players has a basketball.

How it Works:
Players then take it in turns shooting with the aim to swish each shot through the net.
The swish is important because we’re trying to teach the kids how to shoot with enough
arc on the shot.
After a player has taken a shot, they can either return to the end of the same line or
rotate lines either clockwise or anticlockwise.

Coaching Points:
 Players must hold their shooting form until the shot has been made or missed.
 Coaches must view each players’ shot at different angles. Different angles will show
different technique points.
 You can extend the distance of the shot, but make sure it’s not too far. The purpose
of this drill is shooting with perfect form around the basket.