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Hepatitis B virus is spread through contact with the • All unvaccinated adults at risk for HBV infection
blood or other body fluids of an infected person. A should be vaccinated. This includes:
person can become infected by: - sex partners of people infected with HBV,
- contact with a mother’s blood and body fluids at - men who have sex with men,
the time of birth; - people who inject street drugs,
- people with more than one sex partner,
- contact with blood and body fluids through
- people with chronic liver or kidney disease,
breaks in the skin such as bites, cuts, or sores;
- people with jobs that expose them to human
- contact with objects that could have blood or body blood,
fluids on them such as toothbrushes or razors; - household contacts of people infected with HBV,
- having unprotected sex with an infected person; - residents and staff in institutions for the
- sharing needles when injecting drugs; developmentally disabled,
- being stuck with a used needle on the job. - kidney dialysis patients,
- people who travel to countries where hepatitis reaction can include difficulty breathing, hoarse-
B is common, ness or wheezing, hives, paleness, weakness, a fast
- people with HIV infection. heart beat or dizziness.
• Anyone else who wants to be protected from HBV What should I do?
infection may be vaccinated. • Call a doctor, or get the person to a doctor right
away.
Who should NOT get hepatitis
4 B vaccine?
• Tell your doctor what happened, the date and time
it happened, and when the vaccination was given.
• Anyone with a life-threatening allergy to baker’s • Ask your doctor, nurse, or health department to
yeast, or to any other component of the vaccine, report the reaction by filing a Vaccine Adverse
should not get hepatitis B vaccine. Tell your Event Reporting System (VAERS) form.
provider if you have any severe allergies.
Or you can file this report through the VAERS
• Anyone who has had a life-threatening allergic web site at www.vaers.hhs.gov, or by calling
reaction to a previous dose of hepatitis B vaccine 1-800-822-7967.
should not get another dose.
VAERS does not provide medical advice.
• Anyone who is moderately or severely ill when a
dose of vaccine is scheduled should probably wait The National Vaccine Injury
until they recover before getting the vaccine. 7 Compensation Program
Your provider can give you more information about In the event that you or your child has a serious
these precautions. reaction to a vaccine, a federal program has been
Pregnant women who need protection from HBV created to help pay for the care of those who have
infection may be vaccinated. been harmed.
For details about the National Vaccine Injury
5 Hepatitis B vaccine risks Compensation Program, call 1-800-338-2382 or visit
their website at www.hrsa.gov/vaccinecompensation.
Hepatitis B is a very safe vaccine. Most people do
not have any problems with it.
8 How can I learn more?
The following mild problems have been reported:
• Ask your doctor or nurse. They can give you the
• Soreness where the shot was given (up to about 1 vaccine package insert or suggest other sources of
person in 4). information.
• Temperature of 99.9°F or higher (up to about 1 • Call your local or state health department.
person in 15).
• Contact the Centers for Disease Control and
Severe problems are extremely rare. Severe allergic Prevention (CDC):
reactions are believed to occur about once in 1.1
- Call 1-800-232-4636 (1-800-CDC-INFO)
million doses.
- Visit CDC websites at:
A vaccine, like any medicine, could cause a serious www.cdc.gov/ncidod/diseases/hepatitis
reaction. But the risk of a vaccine causing serious www.cdc.gov/vaccines
harm, or death, is extremely small. More than 100 www.cdc.gov/travel
million people have gotten hepatitis B vaccine in the
United States.