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Department of Computer Studiesc

Columban Collegec
Olongapo City
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Mrs.Kaye Dominado-Sibayan

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Vincent Hernandezc
÷
 is a Unix operating system originally developed by Sun Microsystems. It
superseded their earlier SunOS in 1992. ñ
c÷
, as it is now known, has been
owned by Oracle Corporation since Oracle's acquisition of Sun in January 2010.

Solaris is known for its scalability, especially on SPARC systems, and for originating
many innovative features such as DTrace, ZFS and Time Slider. Solaris supports
SPARC-based and x86-based workstations and servers from Sun and other vendors,
with efforts underway to port to additional platforms. Solaris is certified against the
Single Unix Specification.

Solaris was historically developed as proprietary software, then in June 2005 Sun
Microsystems released most of the codebase under the CDDL license, and founded the
OpenSolaris open source project. With OpenSolaris Sun wanted to build a developer
and user community around the software. After the acquisition of Sun Microsystems in
January 2010, Oracle decided to discontinue the OpenSolaris distribution and the
development model. As a result, the OpenSolaris community forked the OpenIndiana
project, as part of the Illumos Foundation. However, starting with Solaris 11, updates to
the Solaris source code will still be distributed under the CDDL license, after full binary
releases are made. Oracle will also begin a technology partner program, called Oracle
Technology Network (OTN), to permit their industry partners access to the in-
development Solaris source code.]

 
c
In 1987, AT&T and Sun announced that they were collaborating on a project to merge
the most popular Unix variants on the market at that time: BSD, System V, and Xenix.
This became Unix System V Release 4 (SVR4).

On September 4, 1991, Sun announced that it would replace its existing BSD-derived
Unix, SunOS 4, with one based on SVR4. This was identified internally as ÷ñ÷c , but
a new marketing name was introduced at the same time: ÷
c .[10] While SunOS
4.1.‰ micro releases were retroactively named ÷
c  by Sun, the Solaris name is
almost exclusively used to refer to the SVR4-derived SunOS 5.0 and later.

The justification for this new "overbrand" was that it encompassed not only SunOS, but
also the OpenWindows graphical user interface and Open Network Computing (ONC)
functionality. The SunOS minor version is included in the Solaris release number; for
example, ÷
c  incorporated SunOS 5.4. After Solaris 2.6, Sun dropped the "2."
from the number, so Solaris 7 incorporates SunOS 5.7, and the latest release SunOS
5.10 forms the core of ÷
c.

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Solaris logo introduced with Solaris 10 and used until Oracle's acquisition of Sun

Notable features of Solaris currently include DTrace, Doors, Service Management

Facility, Solaris Containers, Solaris Multiplexed I/O, Solaris Volume Manager, ZFS, and
Solaris Trusted Extensions.

Updates to Solaris versions are periodically released, such as Solaris 10 10/09.

In ascending order, the following versions of Solaris have been released:

›
cc
Red Release no longer supported
Green Release still supported
Blue Future release

÷
c ÷ñ÷c 
c c c c

   c c c
 c  c ÷!"›c #$%c   c
SunOS 4 rebranded as Solaris 1 for
1991± September
1.x 4.1.x - marketing purposes. See SunOS
1994 2003
article for more information.
Preliminary release (primarily
available to developers only),
January
2.0 5.0 June 1992 - support for only the sun4c
1999
architecture. First appearance of
NIS+.
Support for sun4 and sun4m
December May architectures added; first Solaris x86
2.1 5.1 April 1999
1992 1993 release. First Solaris 2 release to
support SMP.
SPARC-only release. First to support
sun4d architecture. First to support
2.2 5.2 May 1993 - May 1999
multithreading libraries (UI threads
API in libthread).
November SPARC-only release. OpenWindows
2.3 5.3 - June 2002
1993 3.3 switches from NeWS to Display

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 PostScript and drops SunView
support. Support added for autofs
and CacheFS filesystems.
September First unified SPARC/x86 release.
2.4 5.4 November 1994
2003 Includes OSF/Motif runtime support.
First to support UltraSPARC and
include CDE, NFSv3 and NFS/TCP.
December
2.5 5.5 November 1995 Dropped sun4 (VMEbus) support.
2003
POSIX.1c-1995 pthreads added.
Doors added but undocumented.
Only release to support PowerPC
platform; Ultra Enterprise support
September added; user and group IDs (uid_t,
2.5.1 5.5.1 May 1996
2005 gid_t) expanded to 32 bits,] also
included processor sets and early
resource management technologies.
Includes Kerberos 5, PAM, TrueType
fonts, WebNFS, large file support,
2.6 5.6 July 1997 July 2006
enhanced procfs. SPARCserver
600MP series support dropped.
The first 64-bit UltraSPARC release.
Added native support for file system
August meta-data logging (UFS logging).
7 5.7 November 1998
2008 Dropped MCA support on x86
platform. Last update was Solaris 7
11/99.
Includes Multipath I/O, Solaris
Volume Manager, IPMP, first support
for IPv6 and IPsec (manual keying
March only), mdb modular debugger.
8 5.8 February 2000
2012 Introduced Role-Based Access
Control (RBAC); sun4c support
removed. Last update is Solaris 8
2/04.
iPlanet Directory Server, Resource
January Manager, extended file attributes,
May 28, October
9 5.9 10, IKE IPsec keying, and Linux
2002 2014
2003 compatibility added; OpenWindows
dropped, sun4d support removed.
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 Most current update is Solaris 9
9/05.
Includes x86-64 (AMD64/Intel 64)
support, DTrace (Dynamic Tracing),
Solaris Containers, Service
Management Facility (SMF) which
replaces init.d scripts, NFSv4. Least
privilege security model. Support for
sun4m and UltraSPARC I
processors removed. Support for
EISA-based PCs removed. Adds
Java Desktop System (based on
GNOME) as default desktop.[45]

 Solaris 10 1/06 (known

internally as "U1") added the
GRUB bootloader for x86
systems, iSCSI Initiator
support and fcinfo command-
line tool.
 Solaris 10 6/06 ("U2") added
10 5.10 January 31, 2005 -
the ZFS filesystem.
 Solaris 10 11/06 ("U3") added
Solaris Trusted Extensions
and Logical Domains.
 Solaris 10 8/07 ("U4") added
Samba Active Directory
[46]
support, IP Instances (part
of the OpenSolaris Network
Virtualization and Resource
Control project), iSCSI Target
support and Solaris
Containers for Linux
Applications (based on
branded zones), enhanced
version of the Resource
Capping Daemon (rcapd).
 Solaris 10 5/08 ("U5") added
CPU capping for Solaris
Containers, performance
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 improvements, SpeedStep
support for Intel processors
and PowerNow! support for
AMD processors
 Solaris 10 10/08 ("U6") added
boot from ZFS and can use
ZFS as its root file system.
Solaris 10 10/08 also includes
virtualization enhancements
including the ability for a
Solaris Container to
automatically update its
environment when moved
from one system to another,
Logical Domains support for
dynamically reconfigurable
disk and network I/O, and
paravirtualization support
when Solaris 10 is used as a
guest OS in Xen-based
environments such as Sun
xVM Server.
 Solaris 10 5/09 ("U7") added
performance and power
management support for Intel
Nehalem processors,
container cloning using ZFS
cloned file systems, and
performance enhancements
for ZFS on solid-state drives.
 Solaris 10 10/09 ("U8") added
user and group level ZFS
quotas, ZFS cache devices
and nss_ldap shadowAccount
Support, improvements to
patching performance.

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 Development release
The underlying Solaris codebase has been under continuous development since work began in
the late 1980s on what was eventually released as Solaris 2.0. Each version such as Solaris 10 is
based on a snapshot of this development codebase, taken near the time of its release, which is
then maintained as a derived project. Updates to that project are built and delivered several times
a year until the next official release comes out.

The Solaris version under development by Sun since the release of Solaris 10 in 2005 is
codenamed Nevada, and is derived from what is now the OpenSolaris codebase.

In 2003, an addition to the Solaris development process was initiated. Under the program name
Software Express for Solaris (or just Solaris Express), a binary release based on the current
development basis was made available for download on a monthly basis, allowing anyone to try
out new features and test the quality and stability of the OS as it progressed to the release of the
next official Solaris version. A later change to this program introduced a quarterly release model
with support available, renamed to Solaris Express Developer Edition (SXDE).

In 2007, Sun announced Project Indiana with several goals, including providing an open source
binary distribution of the OpenSolaris project, replacing SXDE.[56] The first release of this
distribution was OpenSolaris 2008.05.

The Solaris Express Community Edition (SXCE) was intended specifically for OpenSolaris
developers.[57] It was updated every two weeks, until it was discontinued in January 2010, with
users recommended to migrate to the OpenSolaris distribution.[58] Although the download license
seen when downloading the image files indicates its use is limited to personal, educational and
evaluation purposes, the license acceptance form displayed when the user actually installs from
these images lists additional uses including commercial and production environments.

SXCE releases terminated with build 130 and OpenSolaris releases terminated with build 134 a
few weeks later. The next release of OpenSolaris based on build 134 was due in February of
2010 but as of July it had not been released. This has led many developers at OpenSolaris.org to
assume that the OpenSolaris distribution has also been marked for End of Life by Oracle and that
there actually will be no new precompiled releases at all. The open source project now exist as
just a repository of source code.

©erson¶s Involved
Lawrence Joseph "Larry" Ellison

(born August 17, 1944, New York City)

is an American business magnate,

co-founder and chief executive officer of Oracle Corporation,

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a major enterprise software company.

As of 2010 he is the sixth richest person in the world, with a personal wealth of US$28 billion.

dobert Nimrod "Bob" Miner

(December 23, 1941 ± November 11, 1994)

was a co-founder of Oracle Corporation and architect of Oracle's relational database management
system.

From 1977 until 1992, Bob Miner led product design and development for the Oracle relational
database management system.

In Dec., 1992, he left that role and spun off a small, advanced technology group within Oracle.

He was an Oracle board member until Oct., 1993.

Ed Oates

(born 1946) co-founded Software Development Labs in August 1977 with Larry Ellison, and
Bob Miner.

Software Development Labs later became Oracle Corporation.

Ed Oates graduated with a BA in mathematics from San Jose State University in 1968, and
worked at Singer, the US Army Persinscom (drafted), Ampex, and Memorex before co-founding
Oracle.

He retired from the company in 1996.

He volunteers time on the Board of Directors of the San Francisco Zoological Society and the
Tower Foundation Board of San Jose State University.

Advantages
3.c Performance :

Mainly because it is optimized to work with the

SPARC, it gives better performance than the

Other alternatives avaliable.

You would find many of the Sun's server

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Solutions running with the Solaris OS such as

Netra series.

2. POSIX

compliant environment: Solaris can be considered to be compliant with the POSIX environment
which means a standard programming interface for developers.

Disadvantages

3. Uncompatible :

It is not recommended to run Solaris on other architectures such as Intel, AMD.

It is possible to install Solaris on Intel however, the performance would degrade considerably
since Solaris cannot make use of Intel that efficiently.

2. Lack of good GUI :

Solaris does have GUI support - Common Desktop Environment, OpenWindows etc.

but they are far way from the other GUI environments seen in Windows or Mac.

3. Costlier :

With other cheaper alternatives such as Linux available,

it proves to be costlier to acquire a license of Solaris.

Since it is intended to be used on SPARC so the end user often ends up in buying the hardware
as well.

Now it all depends what kind of need you have.

If you are a home user or a developer with average needs then it makes sense to either go for
Windows or Linux (since Linux is POSIX compliant too).

I personally feel that as a developer you have more choices on Linux than on Solaris.

However, if perfromance is what you want then solaris would be a good option.

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 ÷olaris Timeline
1979 - Bill Joy introduces "Berkeley enhancements" as BSD 4.1.

1982 - The company was incorporated in 1982 and 1986. Founders include Vinod Khosla, Scott
McNealy, Bill Joy and Andy Bechtolsheim. Of these men, only McNealy and Bechtolsheim
remain with Sun.Sun Microsystems is founded by Vinod Khosla, Andy Bechtolsheim, and Scott
McNealy with $4 million in venture capital with four emplyees.

1983 - Sun Microsystems introduces SunOS.

1984 - About 100,000 UNIX sites exist worldwide. Sun now has 400 employees and $39 million
in annual sales.

1986 - Sun went public in 1986

1988 - AT&T and Sun start work on SVR4, a unified version of UNIX.

1988 - OSF and UI are formed.

1989 - AT&T releases System V, release 4.

1990 - OSF releases OSF/1.

1992 - Sun introduces Solaris, which is based on System V, release 4. SunOS, which is based on
BSDF UNIX, will be phased out. Sun now has more than 12,500 employees and more than $3.5
billion in sales.

1993 - Novell buys UNIX from AT&T.

1994 - Solaris 2.4 is available.

1995

 Santa Cruz Operation buys UNIXware from Novell. SCO and HP announce a
relationship to develop a 64-bit version of UNIX. Solaris 2.5 is available -- the first
stable version of Solaris 2
 Bechtolsheim, 48, left Sun in 1995 to start Granite Systems, which built 1-gigabit-per-
second networking technology and which Cisco acquired in 1996.

1997 - Solaris 2.6 is available. It soon became the most popular version of Solaris for the next
three years

1998 - Solaris 7 is available. -- This was not very successful version. Few moved from 2.6 to 2.7

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2000 - Solaris 8 is available. Became a huge success. Most move from 2.6 directly to Solaris 8

2003 September Bill Joy, Sun Microsystems chief scientist and co-founder, is leaving the
company, moving on to "different challenges". No, he's not saying yet what those different
challenges are. Greg Papadopoulos, CTO, will take over Joy's responsibilities.

2004 February Nine years after leaving the server maker he co-founded in 1982, Andy
Bechtolsheim is returning to Sun Microsystems.

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 ÷creen÷hots

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