CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

A. BACKROUND OF THE STUDY

In the past, many businesses maintained their records manually in books (Journal, Cash

Book, Special Purpose Books, and Ledgers) (Dacosta, 2012). This method of keeping records

was slow and prone to human errors of translation. However, due to the small volume of

accounting data, accountants found it quite manageable using the manual system.

As modern technology took place, it is set into the usage of computer, this technology is

the application for gathering, recording, processing and communicating business information by

the means of electronic media. In spite of the benefits of computer to the accounting industry and

businesses in general, some problems are still unsolved like the usage of computer in keeping

accounting records and the securities of the business transactions to hacking (Ware, 2015).

In today's computerized, interconnected, global business environment, the accounting

profession must deal with the new issues in the society. Every business has numerous processes;

some simple, others complex but as the business grows, it acquires new customers, enters new

markets and keeps pace with constant changes in information technology, companies need to

maintain highly accurate and up-to-date accounting, inventory and legal records. Thus, the

organizations in general and the banks in particular, should be more aware of the possible

security risks that threaten the security of its systems and the efficiency of its use. To avoid these

risks and reduce its negative effects, this study dealt with the effectiveness of computer

technology in the accounting industry of banks at Roxas, Isabela.

1
B. STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

The purpose of this study was to find the effects of computer technology on accounting

technology particularly the accounting industry of banks at Roxas, Isabela.

Specifically, this project aimed to answer the following questions:

1. Does computerized accounting process lessen the error in performing the

accounting?

2. Is computer technology more useful in terms of executing quick transactions?

3. Do the computer technology advancements secure the business transactions from

hacking?

C. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

The study is of value to the following:

The researchers can formulate new perspectives in accounting technology. It will

broaden their knowledge about the importance of technologies on accounting industry and how

accounting technology helps the economic growth of one place.

The students’ knowledge about the effects of computer technology on accounting

technology will expand their understandings about accounting process. It can also be a basis of

how they can even improve accounting technology by doing another study related to this. This

will introduce them to the world of accounting.

The communication of school and teacher will be rapid because of the new perspective

about the accounting process. The school can use the new system to lessen the process regarding

the teacher’s salary. They can use new applications or software to lessen the time consumed in

transactions between the teachers and the school accountant. Teachers may use accounts that are

2
manipulated by the government, for the security and personal info’s. Through this process the

cycle of salary for the teachers will be organized and quicker.

Accountants can use the study for improving the accounting technology by applying new

and improved technology systems. Doing those new perspectives, future systems of accounting

technology will be better than the previous systems.

D. SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS

This study covered the effects of computerized accounting system on the performance of

accounting industry at Roxas, Isabela. The research focused on Accountants specifically those

who work at Roxas, Isabela. The handling of survey excluded places beyond Roxas, Isabela.

The study was limited on the positive effects of computerized accounting process only.

E. DEFINITION OF TERMS

Effect

It is a change (from manual to computerized accounting systems) that results when something is

done or happens (Merriam-Webster Incorporated, 2017).

Computer Technology

It deals with the use of computer software in performing one’s work quickly (IAC Publishing,
2017).

Accounting Technology

It involves in helping organizations or businesses monitor revenue and expenses (Learn,

Organization, 2003).

Roxas, Isabela

It belongs to 2nd Congressional District of Isabela with 26 barangays and classified as second-

class municipality (The Official Website of the Province of Isabela, 2015).

3
 CHAPTER II

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

This chapter presents the review of related literature and studies taken by the researchers.

A. RELATED LITERATURE

1. Accounting System

Hussey (2005) defines accounting system as the system designed to record the accounting

transaction and events of a business in a way that complies with its policies and procedures.

Manual system of accounting is a system, which uses special journals to stream line the

journalizing and posting procedures. To handle a large volume of transaction rapidly and

effectively, it is helpful to group the transactions into classes and to use a specialized journal for

each. Recording and posting business transactions on these journals using the double entry

record keeping (Ama, Simplified Financial Accounting , 2004). Tanenbaum (2010) states that

manual processing of accounting data is too slow, and labour intensive in the banking industry.

2. Accounting Technology

In relation with the problem of slow manual process in accounting, the advancements in

information technology have been introduced and eventually led to the introduction of

Computerised Accounting Systems in corporate reporting to help produce relevant and faithful

representative financial reports for both management and external users (Bhorka, 2005). A

computer – based accounting system processes data in the same manner, as does a manual

system. Transactions are manually recorded on sources documents, the data from these source

documents are then key – punched into punched cards, which can be read by the computer

(Ama, 2003). According to Leary (2001) computers are electronic devices that can follow

instructions to accept input, process that input, and produce information. Once a slow-paced and

4
conservative industry, public accounting underwent on its environment (Akpan, 1998). Another

type of computerised accounting system is cloud computing; it relies on sharing of various

resources (e.g., networks, servers, storage, applications, and services) to achieve coherence and

gives the highest interest to how to maximize the effectiveness of utilization of the shared

resources (Gamaleldin, 2013).

3. Computer Technology

As accounting technology embraced the advancements of information technology,

computer technology has been developing to be a tool in efficient and accurate accounting

processes. According to Vermatt and Shelly (2011), society has reaped many benefits from using

computers. Both business and home users can make well – informed decisions because they have

instant access to information from anywhere in the world. Benefits from using computers are

possible because computers have the advantages of speed, reliability, consistency, storage and

communication. The many advantages from the use of these systems have led many to conclude

that Computerized Accounting Systems is the “engine of growth” in business organizations

(French, 1996). Computerized accounting systems provides a means for those firms to record,

very high volume of transaction with great speed and prepare a wide range of detailed financial

reports. It affects strongly on the accounting work and on the performance of banking industry

the computers can handle the recording process able to spend more time analyzing, planning and

controlling financial operations for management, this can provide a greater amount of systematic

information for use in decision making (Tanembaum, 2010).

4. Security in the Accounting-Tech Processes

Moreover, with the greater possibility of an accurate, quicker and timely related

accounting processes there is still problem that elevate in the usage of computer technology and

5
that is the security of business transactions. According to Stallings (2010), the problem of

computerized accounting system comes with the need to protect against data loss through power

failure or views and the danger of hackers stealing data. Computer fraud is also a concern for

who has access to the information particularly customer information. If there a security breach

and data is stolen management can be held personally liable for the loss of data has been

correctly entered into the system as a mistake in data entry can throw off a whole set of data.

Computerized system is the easy of backup of a computerized system. All transactions can be

saved and backed up in case of fire or other mishap. You cannot do this with paper records,

unless you make copies of all pages – long and inefficient process.

B. RELATED STUDIES

1. Accounting System

A study revealed that manual accounting implies that employees perform the whole

accounting cycle manually on a periodic basis: they calculate trial balances, journalize

transactions, and prepare financial statement reports and other routines. It takes much time,

resources and effort in large organizations. The most common problem encountered by manual

accounting system users is that the data appear to be time consuming and it is prone to human

error regarding the journalizing of transactions (Arcega, 2015).

2. Accounting Technology

The slow process regarding the manual accounting system brought the innovation in the

information technology industry. Information technology advancements have greatly helped the

accounting systems of business entities. Because of today’s computerized accounting

information systems, business performance seems to improve. Many transaction processes were

simplified thus creating efficient operations. The affordability of computer technology for small

6
business entities creates great opportunities for these entities to improve their business (Yadav,

2016). Transactions are quickly posted to the appropriate accounts, by passing the journalizing

process; detailed listings of transactions can be printed for review anytime; internal controls and

edit checks can be used to prevent and detect errors and; a wide variety of reports can be

prepared. Data Based System captures both financial and non-financial data, and then it stores

that information in the data warehouse. The advantages of this system include recognition of

business rather than just accounting events; the support in the reduction in operating

inefficiencies and; the elimination of data redundancy (Lim F. P., 2013).

3. Computer Technology

In the continuous improvement of accounting industry, the needs of accounting

technology regarding a quicker and less error transactions has been resolved by the development

of computer technology. A study discovered that computer hardware system became the safe

operation of the computerized accounting system. Hardware system includes hard disk storage

equipment damage, such as computer processor failure and power failure (He, 2011). Also a

study conducted by Ware (2015) stated that Computerized Accounting System known as

Electronic Data Processing (EDP) allows the user to enter the transaction into the program once

and all accounts updated as necessary. It is also a specialized machine system use in gathering

information. It provides information for decision-making functions. It has been of great benefits

not only in banks but also to all manner of firms and organizations. Computerized accounting

system has helped in facilitating the provision of timely, quick customer service delivery,

accurate and reliable information, required by the banks, other firms and organizations.

7
 4. Security in the Accounting-Tech Processes

The development of computerized accounting systems in providing accurate and quicker

financial reports was accompanied by the exposure to multiple important risks regarding the

security and safety of the computerized accounting information systems. Another study found

that computerized accounting systems was not accompanied with similar development in the

practices and control disciplines which intern creates a type of risk affects the suitability,

reliability, content safety and the integration and confidentially of the accounting systems which

may lead to damage caused essential losses to the bank (Zweilf, 2009) . A study found that

factors such as accidental entry of bad data by employees, accidental destruction of data by

employees, employees sharing of log-on credentials, introduction of virus, unauthorized access

to information systems and unauthorized documents visibility via display on monitors and

hardcopy documents are the most significant security threats to computerized accounting

information systems (Ogundeji, 2013).

C. SYNTHESIS

Computer technology advancements had a great impact on the accounting process

through the years. It created new opportunities for business innovations and quicker transactions.

Although this study is similar or related to other studies in terms of the topic relation, our

research dealt with the effectiveness of computer technology on accounting technology,

especially on protecting the important documents, particularly the accounting industry here at

Roxas, Isabela.

8
 CHAPTER III

METHODOLOGY

This chapter presents the methods, technique, design and model taken by the researchers.

A. SAMPLING PROCEDURE AND TECHNIQUE

The original plan was to gather reliable data on at least 100 accountants. Unfortunately,

the standard number of respondents was not achieved, so the researchers decided to survey the

entire population of accountants, which was composed of 18 accountants, who are working on

banks at Roxas, Isabela.

B. RESEARCH DESIGN

This research follows the quantitative survey in terms of gathering, analyzing and

summarizing reliable data about the effects of computer technology on accounting technology of

Roxas. The researcher presented a brief description of computer technology in regards with its

effects on accounting. The researchers made a questionnaire that was answered by the

respondents. The data gathered were analyzed and summarized based on the perceptions of the

accountants about the problems.

C. IPO MODEL

FEEDBACK
INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT

Conduct a quantitative Development of

Effects of computer survey through accounting industry by
technology on questionnaires that will the use of Computerized
accounting process answer by the Accounting System
accountants in Roxas, effectiveness.
Isabela.

9
 CHAPTER IV

ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA

This chapter presents the analysis and interpretation of data gathered by the researchers.

A. ACCURACY OF COMPUTERIZED ACCOUTING PROCESS

Figure 1: Times of Committing Errors in Performing Accounting Process

Based on the given data gathered,

half of the respondents stated that they

sometimes commit errors; while the other

half stated that they seldom do. None of

the respondents answered that they always commit errors.

The figure above mentioned further implies that the respondents may not commit errors

most of the time because of their mastery with the work. It can also be that the errors they

commit do not really affect the financial statements. Similarly, no one answered that they never

because it is normal for people to commit even small errors.

Table 1: Part of Accounting Process Prone to Errors

In connection with the times accountants commit errors, the researchers also included

what part of accounting process is prone to errors. Based on the data assessed, the highest

frequency in the part of accounting process prone to errors was posting. The mean average of the

data is 2.7, which falls between posting and trial balance. The median is 3, that is equivalent to

trial balance. Lastly, the mode corresponds to posting.

Steps f mean median mode range %

Journalizing 5 2.7 3 10 9 27%
Posting 10 53%
Trial balance 1 5%
Adjusting 1 5%
Financial Statements 0 0%

10
 Closing 1 5%
Post-Closing Trial Balance 1 5%
19 100%
n = 7

Above table further implies that majority of the respondents were considering posting of

transactions as the part of accounting that is prone to errors because in journalizing errors are not

clearly seen but when the transactions are posted in T-accounts errors where clearly recognize

already. If the total assets are not equal to the total liabilities and owner’s equity then errors

occur upon the posting of transactions.

Figure 2: Used Computerized Accounting System Software

Accounting System Software that

was being used also looked in terms of

their accuracy. Based on the given data, the

pie chart presents that 59% of the

respondents used Microsoft Excel in

performing computerized accounting system while 19% used e-spreadsheet and 11% of the

respondents used Cloud Computing and Digitalization.

The figure above mentioned further implies that the majority of respondents used

Microsoft Excel maybe because it is the only accounting software that was available in their

organization. It is possible also to conclude that the expertise of the accountant is only limited to

using Microsoft Excel.

Figure 3: Improvements caused by

Computerized Accounting System

11
 With the usage of accounting software in terms of preparing financial statements, the

research further looked into its improvements in accounting industry. Based on the data assessed,

46 % of the respondents stated that timely delivery of financial statements was the most valuable

improvement that computerized accounting system has done to the industry. Next is the

provision of error-free financial statements with 36% then creation of other opportunities to

access financial information with a 14%.

In addition, figure 3 indicates that timely delivery of financial statements is the most

valuable improvement in the industry as computerized accounting system evolves because doing

that can boost the bank accuracy in terms of transactions. Provision of error free financial

statements is another way of gaining client’s trust so most of the banks are engaging their

accountants to have technological expertise. Another is the access to financial information

through cellular or any technological based equipment that can lessen the time consumed by the

clients in going to firms.

B. QUICKNESS OF COMPUTER TECHNOLOGY

Table 2.1: Improved speed in processing information and financial reports

Another problem of accounting industry is the timely delivery of financial statements, so

the research further dealt with the quickness of the software. Based on the data gathered, most of

the respondents strongly agreed that computer technology improves the speed in terms of

processing information and financial reports of a bank. The mean averages of the data falls

between agree and strongly agree while the median is equivalent strongly agree. The data also

indicates that most of them strongly agree based on the mode.

1 ci f mean median mode range %

strongly agree 4.1 - 5 14 3.6 4 14 14 78%
agree 3.1 - 4 4 22%
strongly disagree 2.1 - 3 0 0%
12
 disagree 1.1 - 2 0 0%
undecided .1 - 1 0 0%
n = 5 18 100%
The

table above further explains that majority of the respondents strongly agrees that computer

technology improves the speed of the information because accountants can just enter the

transactions and then the computer will organize it to the destined folder of the client.

Table 2.2: Computerization helps quick customer service, decision-making process and

accountability of customer

Based on the data gathered, 10 of the respondents agree that computerization helps quick

customer service, decision-making process and accountability of customer. The mean of the

frequency is 3.6 that falls on agree while the median is 8 and the mode is 10.

2 ci f mean median mode range %

strongly agree 4.1 - 5 8 3.6 8 10 10 44%
agree 3.1 - 4 10 56%
strongly disagree 2.1 - 3 0 0%
disagree 1.1 - 2 0 0%
undecided .1 - 1 0 0%
n = 5 18 100%

The table above implies that computerization really helps in terms of customer service

because face-to-face communication between clients and accountants can be done through video

call or any electronic services.

Table 2.3: Computerized Accounting Systems lessened the amount of time needed to close out

each accounting period

Based on the data assessed, 12 of the respondents strongly agree that computerized

accounting systems lessened the amount of time needed to close out each accounting period.

Both of the mean and median falls on agree while the mode and range falls on strongly agree.

13
 3 ci f mean median mode range %
strongly agreee 4.1 - 5 12 3.6 6 12 12 67%
agree 3.1 - 4 6 33%
strongly disagree 2.1 - 3 0 0%
disagree 1.1 - 2 0 0%
undecided .1 - 1 0 0%
n = 5 18 100%

The table above mentioned explains that accounting systems minimizes the time effort of

the accountants in order to close out every financial statements needed. It can be possible that the

accounting systems are efficient when it comes to delivering timely and relevant accounting

records.

Table 2.4: Computer controls thousands of notifications and still function efficiently

Based on the data gathered, 11 of the respondents agree that computer controls thousands

of notifications and still function efficiently. The mean of the frequency falls on agree; median is

under strongly agree and the mode and range falls on agree.

4 ci f mean median mode range %

strongly agree 4.1 - 5 7 3.6 7 11 11 39%
agree 3.1 - 4 11 61%
strongly disagree 2.1 - 3 0 0%
disagree 1.1 - 2 0 0%
undecided .1 - 1 0 0%
n = 5 18 100%

The table above further implies that, most of the respondents agree that computer

manipulates thousands of indicators because it has readymade system that detects every error

that can notify the server immediately.

Computer Technology improved the way accounting is being done nowadays. Based on

the results above mentioned, computer technology is useful in terms of executing quick

14
transactions because technology nowadays upgrades base on their specific functions. It runs and

scans every part of the transactions in order to meet the standards when it comes to providing

timely delivery of financial information and accurate transactions.

C. SECURITY OF COMPUTER TECHNOLOGY ADVANCEMENTS

Figure 4: Computer Technology Advancements Security

Security is the main concern of

clients when it comes to trusting a bank.

The research included the security

advancements of bank for frauds and

scams. The graph shows that 15

respondents used secure electronic

transaction while 6 of them used digital signature and 3 of the respondents used pretty good

privacy software-based systems for solving their security of the transactions issues.

Based on the graph, most of the respondents used Secure Electronic Transaction because

it is more useful for preventing the hackers and frauds enter their system. It can be in the form of

pin code, fingerprints, face detection or any password. It also provides questions once the clients

forget their pin codes.

Figure 5: Factors to consider in choosing Accounting Software

In relation with the accounting

software they used. The researchers

further looked into the factors to consider

in choosing Accounting Software.

15
According to the given data, 37% of the respondents consider accuracy in choosing accounting

software next is software’s speed with 27% then 20% is the storage and lastly with 16% is the

cost savings.

Based on the results, it is possible to conclude that banks are choosing accounting

software; first based on its accuracy because it is the most important factor of software. Next is

its speed in evaluating transactions then the data that the software can stored and least factor is

the cost of the software because it is useless if you buy cheaper software but it is not accurate

and slow.

Figure 6: Accounting Staff Training Programs

Choosing an accounting software

comes with the ability of the staffs to use

manipulate every detail of it. So the

researchers further looked into if the staffs

have also undergone training programs for

the said software. According to the data gathers, 94% of the respondents’ undergone training for

operating the software and only 6% of them do not.

Based on this, respondents have undergone training because of the new trends that the

software adapted through its existence on the industry also the new specifications of the

software. Others do not experienced training because they are using the same software since they

work and the software is easy to manipulate.

Figure 6.1: Times Training Programs Takes Place

In relation to the training

programs, the researchers also included

16
the times the training programs for the accountants’ occurred. According to the data, 50% of the

respondents training quarterly, 17% of them undergone training semi-annually and yearly and

16% of the defendants experienced training monthly.

Based on this, half of the respondents undergone a quarterly training because they

upgrade their software every 3 months. Others experienced a semi-annually and yearly training

while some go through a monthly training because of the new instructions in the software

specifications.

Figure 7: Other Security Measures Used for Hacked Accounts

Software’s for security basis of

financial statements have been one of the

reasons why staffs undergone trainings. So the

research further looked into the alternative

software to be used for hacked accounts.

According to the data, 74% of the respondents used encryption in managing hacked accounts

next is smartcard with 16% lastly are the code scanner and meCHIP with 5%.

Based on this, most of the respondents used encryption to deal with the hacked accounts

because it provides backup pin code for the user to manipulate the accounts. Hacked accounts

can be recovered by the used of the encryption. It provides back-up files for emergency uses like

if the statements undergone change that is not necessarily needed.

17
 CHAPTER V

SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

This chapter presents the summary of the data gathered, conclusion on the given
problems and recommendation of the researchers.

A. SUMMARY

The aimed of this study was to gather reliable information that answered the effects of

computer technology on accounting technology particularly accounting industry at Roxas,

Isabela. A survey was conducted through questionnaire in order to obtain the accounting

industry’s development through the effectiveness of the technologies used in accounting

especially here at Roxas, Isabela. Majority of the respondents agreed that modern accounting

systems and software advances helped in accuracy of computerized accounting process,

quickness of the financial statements and its efficiency and the securities of the important

documents of every clients and businesses.

B. CONCLUSION

Based on the data obtained from the CPAs of Roxas the following conclusions are drawn;

(1) Accountants don’t usually commit errors in a daily basis that affects the accounting cycle,

like committing wrong posting of journal entries, because they are using Microsoft excel which

is easier to manipulate and because of that timely delivery of financial statements was improved.

(2) The computer technology manipulates every transactions needed to record in book of

accounts. It was a tool in quicker meeting of the clients and accountants regarding important

information. Computer technology helps in lessening the time needed to finish financial

statements. Lastly, its systems control every notification regarding transactions and notify the

accountants about it immediately.

18
(3) Accounting staffs undergone trainings to further equip themselves with the knowledge

needed to manipulate an accounting software. Most of the accountants are using Secure

Electronic Transaction because it was more reliable when it comes to security issues. The use of

encryption in recovering hacked accounts can also minimize the security risks of the private

information’s, the clients can have back-up files for securing the important documents.

C. RECOMMENDATION

From the findings of this study the following recommendations are therefore made to

enhance the performance of accounting industry in business operations.

1. Future research should aim to improve the impact of Computerized Accounting

Systems by innovating new ideas to come up with software that can create error-free system.

2. Another is to come up with a research that focuses on development of public attention

towards accounting industry.

3. Future research should be more focus on the software accuracy in terms of its usage in

accounting industry and to the accountant.

4. The researchers recommend that accountants should use appropriate accounting

software to improved their bank position in the industry.

19
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Gamaleldin, A. M. (2013). Introduction to Cloud Computing Concepts. Saudi: Software Engineering

Competence Center.

He, L. W. (2011). Analysis on the Security of Accounting Information System. Jilin University of Finance
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O' Leary, T. J. (2011). Computing Essentials computer . New York: McGrew Hill Inc. Publication.

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Publishing.

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in Ghanian Banks: A Case Study.

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Yadav, P. M. (2016). The Impact of Information Technology on Modern Accounting Systems with
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21
APPENDIX

 Letters

ROXAS NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL

Bantug, Roxas, Isabela

February 17, 2017

INOFEMIA G. GUADO
Senior High School Assistant Principal II
This Institution
Roxas, Isabela

Dear Ma’am,

Good day!

We, Princess Ma. Erica C. Martin, Norman Abanilla, Airene Joy Talag, Clarissa Mae
Mapatac and Mark Joseph Del Monte, Senior High School students of ABM strand, are currently
taking up Applied Research 2. We would like to ask for your permission to allow us to conduct
an interview in line with our research entitled, “The Effects of Computer Technology on
Accounting Technology of Roxas, Isabela S.Y. 2017-2018”.

We hope for your prompt approval and consideration of our request.

Thank you and God bless!

Respectfully yours,

PRINCESS MA. ERICA MARTIN NORMAN ABANILLA

Researcher Researcher

CLARISSA MAPATAC MARK JOSEPH DEL MONTE AIRENE JOY TALAG

Researcher Researcher Researcher

Approved by: Noted by:

INOFEMIA G. GUADO DENNIES M. LINTAO, EdD.

SHS Assistant Principal II RNHS Principal IV

22
 ROXAS NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Bantug, Roxas, Isabela

February 17, 2017

Dear Respondent,

Greetings!

We, Princess Ma. Erica C. Martin, Norman Abanilla, Airene Joy Talag, Clarissa Mae
Mapatac and Mark Joseph Del Monte, Senior High School students of ABM Strand, are
conducting a study entitled, “The Effects of Computer Technology on Accounting Technology
of Roxas, Isabela S.Y. 2017-2018”.

You were chosen as the respondent because of your knowledge and experience about our
topic. In response to this, kindly accomplish the questionnaire as honestly as possible. All your
responses will be treated with utmost confidentiality.

We are looking forward to your positive response.

Respectfully yours,

PRINCESS MA. ERICA MARTIN NORMAN ABANILLA

Researcher Researcher

CLARISSA MAPATAC MARK JOSEPH DEL MONTE AIRENE JOY TALAG

Researcher Researcher Researcher

Noted by:

INOFEMIA G. GUADO
SHS Assistant Principal II

DENNIES M. LINTAO, EdD.

RNHS Principal IV

23
  Questionnaire

ROXAS NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL

Bantug, Roxas, Isabela

Dear
Respondent,

Greetings!

Kindly accomplish the questionnaire as honestly as possible. All your responses will be
treated with utmost confidentiality. The survey result will be analysed for academic purposes.

We are looking forward to your positive response.

PRINCESS MA. ERICA MARTIN, AIRENE JOY TALAG, CLARISSA MAE MAPATAC
MARK JOSEPH DEL MONTE and NORMAN ABANILLA
Researchers

Name:
Optional
Directions: Put a check [ ] in the bracket corresponds to your answer and write your additional
response in the space provided. Read the following questions and instructions carefully.

Section I: Does computerized accounting process lessen the error in performing

accounting?
1. How often do you commit errors in performing accounting process by both manual
system and computerised accounting system?
[ ] Always [ ] Sometimes [ ] Seldom [ ] Never

2. In what part of accounting process do you usually commit errors?

[ ] Journalizing

[ ] Posting

[ ] Trial Balance

[ ] Adjusting

[ ] Financial Statements

24
 [ ] Closing

[ ] Post-closing Trial Balance

3. What computerized accounting system software helps to gain inherent advantage while
minimizing risks involved in the daily accounting operations?

[ ] Microsoft Excel

[ ] E-spread sheet

[ ] Cloud Computing

[ ] Digitalization

4. What problems helped to minimize by computerized accounting systems?

[ ] timely delivery of financial statements

[ ] provision of error-free financial statements

[ ] creation of other opportunities to access financial information

[ ] others, please specify

Section II: Is computer technology useful in terms of executing quick transactions?

Strongly Strongly
QUESTIONS Agree Disagree Undecided
Agree Disagree
1. Computer improved speed in
processing information and
financial reports needed by the
internal and external users.

2. Computerization helps quick

customer service, decision-
making process and
accountability of customer.

3. Computerized accounting
systems lessened the amount of
time needed to close out each
accounting period.

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 4. Computer can control
thousands indicators
simultaneously and create
notifications to the appropriate
departments or workers if some
indicators do not correspond to
the normal state.

Section III: Do the computer technology advancements secure the business transactions
from hacking?
1. What software-based systems are you using for security issues?

[ ] Digital Signature

[ ] Secure Electronic Transaction

[ ] Pretty Good Privacy

[ ] Kerberos

2. What factors should be considering before choosing accounting software?

[ ] cost savings

[ ] speed

[ ] storage

[ ] accuracy

3. Is there training programs for the accounting staff on how to operate this software?

[ ] Yes [ ] No

If Yes, how often does this training take place?

[ ] Monthly [ ] Quarterly [ ] Semi-annually [ ] Yearly

4. What other security measures can be used in case of cracked data based or hacking?

[ ] Encryption

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 [ ] Smartcard System

[ ] MeCHIP

[ ] Code Scanner

LIST OF TABLES

Table 1: Part of Accounting Process Prone to Errors

Table 2:1 Improved speed in processing information and financial reports

Table 2.2: Computerization helps quick customer service, decision-making process and

accountability of customer

Table 2.3: Computerized Accounting Systems lessened the amount of time needed to close out

each accounting period

Table 2.4: Computer control thousands of notifications and still function efficiently

LIST OF GRAPHS

Figure 4: Computer Technology Advancements Security

Figure 6: Accounting Staff Training Programs

Figure 7: Other Security Measures Used for Hacked Accounts

LIST OF CHARTS

Figure 1: Times of Committing Errors in Performing Accounting Process

Figure 2: Used Computerized Accounting System Software

Figure 3: Improvements cause by Computerized Accounting System

Figure 5: Factors to consider in choosing Accounting Software

Figure 6.1: Times Training Programs Takes Place

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