UNIVERSITY OF SAN JOSE-RECOLETOS

SCHOOL
COURSE OF LAW
SYLLABUS
UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF LAW

Course Title: LABOR LAW REVIEW Instructor:

No. of Units: 2 Atty. Amando Virgil D.
Ligutan
Semester/ SY: 1st Semester/2018-2019
Department/Track: (n/a)
Pre-requisites: Labor Law 1 & 2

I. COURSE DESCRIPTION AND OBJECTIVES

Learning Outcomes

Upon completion of this course, students will be able to:





Methodology

II. COURSE OUTLINE

Week/Session Topic
Week 1 I. Fundamental Principles and Policies
A. Constitutional Provisions
1. Article II, Secs. 9, 10, 11, 13, 14, 18, 20
2. Article III, Secs. 1, 4, 7, 8, 10, 16, 18 (2)
3. Article XIII, Secs. 1, 2, 3, 13, 14
B. Civil Code
1. Article 19
2. Article 1700
3. Article 1702
C. Labor Code
1. Article 3
2. Article 4
3. Article 166
4. Article 211
5. Article 212
6. Article 255
7. Article 277
Week 2 II. Recruitment and Placement
A. Local Employment
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 B. Overseas Employment
1. Definition of Terms
2. Private Employment Agency [PEA] v. Private Recruitment
Agency [PRE]
3. Land-Based Overseas Workers v. Seafarers
C. Illegal Recruitment
1. Definition
2. License v. Authority
3. Types of Illegal Recruitment
a. Simple Illegal Recruitment
b. Illegal Recruitment Committed by a Syndicate
c. Illegal Recruitment in Large Scale
4. Illegal Recruitment v. Estafa
5. Liabilities
a. Local Recruitment Agency
b. Foreign Employers
i. Theory of Imputed Knowledge
c. Solidary Liability
6. Pre-termination of Contract of Migrant Workers
D. Direct Hiring
E. Suspension or Cancellation of License or Authority
F. Regulatory and Visitorial Powers of DOLE Secretary
G. Remittance of Foreign Exchange Earnings
H. Other Prohibited Activities
Week 3 III. Labor Standards
A. Coverage/Exclusions
1. Normal Hours of Work
a. Compressed Work Week
2. Meal break
3. Waiting Time
4. Overtime Work/Pay
5. Night Work (R.A. 10151); Night Differential
6. Part-time Work
7. Contract for Piece of Work
Week 4 B. Wages
1. Wage v. Salary
2. Minimum wage; Minimum wage setting
3. Minimum wage of workers paid by results
a. Workers paid by results
b. Apprentices
c. Learners
d. Persons with disability
4. Commissions
5. Deductions from wages
6. Non-diminution of benefits
7. Facilities v. Supplements
8. Wage distortion/rectification
9. Divisor to determine daily rate
C. Rest Periods
1. Weekly rest day
2. Emergency rest day
Week 5 D. Holiday pay/Premium pay
1. Coverage; exclusions
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 2. Teachers, piece workers, takay, seasonal workers, seafarers
E. Leaves
1. Service Incentive Leaves
2. Maternity Leave
3. Paternity Leave
4. Parental Leave (R.A. 8972)
5. Leave for VAWC victims (R.A. 9262)
6. Special Leave benefit for women
F. Service Charge
G. Thirteenth Month Pay
H. Separation Pay
I. Retirement Pay
Week 6 J. Women Workers
1. Provisions against discrimination
2. Stipulations against marriage
3. Prohibited Acts
4. Anti-Sexual Harassment Act, R.A. 7877
K. Employment of Minors
L. Househelpers
M. Homeworkers
N. Apprentices and Learners
O. Persons with Disability
1. Definition
2. Rights
3. Prohibition against Discrimination
4. Incentives
Week 6 IV Termination of Employment
A. Employer-Employee Relationship
1. Four-fold test
2. Kinds of employment
a. Probationary
b. Regular
c. Project employment
d. Seasonal
e. Casual
f. Fixed-term
3. Job contracting
a. Effects of Labor-only contracting
b. Trilateral relationship in job contracting
Week 7 B. Dismissal from employment
1. Just Causes
2. Authorized Causes
3. Due Process
a. Twin-notice requirement
b. Hearing; meaning of opportunity to be heard
C. Reliefs for Illegal Dismissal
1. Reinstatement
a. Pending appeal
b. Separation Pay in lieu of Reinstatement
2. Backwages
a. Computation
b. Limited Backwages
D. Preventive Suspension
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 E. Constructive Dismissal
Week 8 V Management Prerogative
A. Discipline
B. Transfer of Employees
C. Productivity Standard
D. Grant of Bonus
E. Change of Working Hours
F. Rules on Marriage between employees of competitor-employers
G. Post-employment ban
Week 9 VI Social Welfare and Legislation
A. SSS Law (R.A. No. 8282)
1. Coverage
2. Exclusions from coverage
3. Benefits
4. Beneficiaries
B. GSIS Law (R.A. No. 8291)
1. Coverage
2. Exclusions from coverage
3. Benefits

4. Beneficiaries
C. Limited Portability Law (R.A. No. 7699)

D. Employee’s compensation – coverage and when compensable
Week 10 VII. Labor Relations Law
A. Right to self-organization
1. Who may unionize for purposes of collective bargaining
a) Who cannot form, join or assist labor organizations
2. Bargaining unit

a) Test to determine the constituency of an appropriate
bargaining unit
b) Voluntary Recognition (REPEALED and REPLACED by
SEBA (Sole and Exclusive Bargaining Agent) Certification
c) Certification election
i. In an unorganized establishment
ii. In an organized establishment
d) Run-off election

i. Requirements
e) Re-run election

f) Consent election

g) Affiliation and disaffiliation of the local union from the
mother union
i. Substitutionary doctrine
h) Union dues and special assessments
i. Requirements for validity
i) Agency fees
i. Requisites for assessment
Week 11 B. Right to collective bargaining
1. Duty to bargain collectively
a) When there is absence of a CBA
b) When there is a CBA
2. Collective Bargaining Agreement
a) Mandatory Provisions of CBA
i. Grievance procedure

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 ii. Voluntary arbitration

iii. No strike-no lockout clause
iv. Labor management council
b) Duration
i. For economic provisions
ii. For non-economic provisions
iii. Freedom period
3. Union Security
a) Union security clauses; closed shop, union shop,
maintenance of membership shop
b) Check-off; union dues, agency fees
4. Unfair Labor Practice in collective bargaining
a) Bargaining in bad faith
b) Refusal to bargain
c) Individual bargaining
d) Blue sky bargaining
e) Surface bargaining
5. Unfair Labor Practice
a) Nature of ULP
b) ULP of employers
c) ULP of labor organizations
Week 12 C. Right to peaceful concerted activities
1. Forms of concerted activities
2. Who may declare a strike or lockout
3. Requisites for a valid strike
4. Requisites for a valid lockout
5. Requisites for lawful picketing
6. Assumption of Jurisdiction by SOLE/Certification to NLRC
for compulsory arbitration
7. Nature of assumption order or certification order
8. Effect of defiance of assumption or certification orders
9. Illegal strike
a) Liability of union officers
b) Liability of ordinary workers
c) Liability of employer
d) Waiver of illegality of strike
10. Injunctions
a) Requisites for labor injunctions
b) Innocent Bystander Rule

III. REFERENCES AND OTHER MATERIALS

Principal References:

Topical Required Readings/Assignments

Reference
I.A.1  Espina v. Zamora, G.R. No. 143855, September 21, 2010
 Manila Water v. Del Rosario, G.R. No. 188747, January 29, 2014
 Philippine Telegraph v. NLRC, G.R. No. 118978, May 23, 1997
 Wesleyan University v. Faculty, G.R. No. 181806, March 12, 2014
 Serrano v. Gallant Maritime, G.R. No. 167614, March 24, 2009
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  Rosario v. Victory Ricemill, G.R. No. 147572, February 19, 2003
I.A.2  Sameer Overseas v. Cabiles, G.R. No. 170139, August 5, 2014
 Tongko v. Manulife, G.R. No. 167622, November 7, 2008
 Serrano v. NLRC, G.R. No. 117040, January 27, 2000
 Agabon v. NLRC, G.R. No. 158693, November 17, 2004
 De Jesus v. Hon. Aquino, G.R. No. 164662, February 18, 2013
 Abbott v. Alcaraz, G.R. No. 192571, July 23, 2013
 Duncan v. Glaxo, G.R. No. 162994, September 17, 2004
 Yrasuegui v. PAL, G.R. No. 168081, October 17, 2008
 Opinaldo v. Ravina, G.R. No. 196573, October 16, 2013
 Phimco Industries v. PILA, G.R. No. 170830, August 11, 2010
 BPI v. BPI Employees, G.R. No. 164301, August 10, 2010
 Pryce Corp. v. Chinabank, G.R. No. 172302, February 18, 2014
 Abella v. NLRC, G.R. No. 71813, July 20, 1987
 Goya v. Goya Employees, G.R. No. 170054, January 21, 2013
 Imbong v. Ochoa, G.R. No. 204819, April 8, 2014
I.A.3  International School v. Quisumbing, G.R. No. 128845, June 1, 2000
 See: Serrano v. Gallant Maritime, G.R. No. 167614, March 24, 2009
 Canuel v. Magsaysay Maritime, G.R. No. 190161, October 13, 2014
 Asia Brewery v. TPMA, G.R. Nos. 171594-96, September 18, 2013
I.B.1  Dongon v. Rapid Movers, G.R. No. 163431, August 28, 2013
 Cirtex Employees v. Cirtex, G.R. No. 190515, November 15, 2010
 PNCC Traffic v. PNCC, G.R. No. 171231, February 17, 2010
 Magis Center v. Manalo, G.R. No. 178835, February 13, 2009
I.C.1  Moresco v. Cagalawan, G.R. No. 175170, September 5, 2012
 PAL v. PALEA, G.R. No. 85985, August 13, 1993
II.A  Art. 25, Labor Code
 Revised Rules and Regulations Governing Private Recruitment and
Placement Agency for Local Employment [2014]
II.B.1  R.A. 8042 as amended by R.A. 10022
 Rule II- Omnibus Rules and Regulations Implementing the Migrant
Workers and Overseas Filipinos Act of 1995, as amended by R.A. 10022
 PNB v. Cabansag, G.R. No. 157010, June 21, 2005
II.B.2  Rule II, Sec. 1 (pp)- Omnibus Rules and Regulations Implementing the
Migrant Workers and Overseas Filipinos Act of 1995, as amended by R.A.
10022
 Art. 13, Labor Code
II.B.3  POEA Revised Rules and Regulations Governing the Recruitment and
Employment of Land-Based Overseas Workers [2016]
 POEA Revised Rules and Regulations Governing the Recruitment and
Employment of Seafarers [2016]
II.C.1  Arts. 38, 34, 39, Labor Code
 Sec. 5, R.A. 10022
 People of the Philippines v. Tolentino, G.R. No. 208686, July 1, 2015
 C.F. Sharp Crew Management v. Espanol, G.R. No. 155903, September
14, 2007
 People of the Philippines v. Saulo, G.R. No. 125903, November 15, 2000
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  People of the Philippines v. Gutierrez, G.R. No. 124439, February 5, 2004
 People of the Philippines v. Gallardo, G.R. Nos. 140067-71, August 29,
2002
 People of the Philippines v. Juego, G.R. No. 123162, October 13, 1998
 Rodolfo v. People of the Philippines, G.R. No. 146964, August 10, 2006
 Lapasaran v. People of the Philippines, G.R. No. 179907, February 12,
2009
 People of the Philippines v. Jamilosa, G.R. No. 169076, January 23, 2007
II.C.2  Art. 13, Labor Code
 Rule II, Sec. 1 (w), Omnibus Rules and Regulations Implementing the
Migrant Workers and Overseas Filipinos Act of 1995, as amended by R.A.
10022
 Rule II, Sec. 1 (b), Omnibus Rules and Regulations Implementing the
Migrant Workers and Overseas Filipinos Act of 1995, as amended by R.A.
10022
II.C.3.a  Romero v. People of the Philippines, G.R. No. 171644, November 23,
2011
 People of the Philippines v. Bacos, G.R. No. 178774, December 8, 2010
 People of the Philippines v. Gallo, G.R. No. 187730, June 29, 2010
II.C.3.b  Art. 38, Labor Code
 Sec. 5, R.A. 10022
 See People of the Philippines v. Gallo, G.R. No. 187730, June 29, 2010
 People of the Philippines v. Fernandez, G.R. No. 199211, June 4, 2014
II.C.3.c  People of the Philippines v. Mateo, G.R. No. 198012, April 22, 2015
 People of the Philippines v. Velasco, G.R. No. 195668, June 25, 2014
 See People of the Philippines v. Fernandez, G.R. No. 199211, June 4, 2014
 People of the Philippines v. Rea, G.R. No. 197049, June 10, 2013
 People of the Philippines v. Daud, G.R. No. 197539, June 2, 2014
II.C.4  People of the Philippines v. Bayker, G.R. No. 170192, February 10, 2016
 People of the Philippines v. Tolentino, G.R. No. 208686, July 1, 2015
 People of the Philippines v. Chua, G.R. No. 187052, September 13, 2012
 See People of the Philippines v. Gallo, G.R. No. 187730, June 29, 2010
II.C.5.a,b.i,  Gagui v. Dejero, G.R. No. 196036, October 23, 2013
c  See People of the Philippines v. Velasco, G.R. No. 195668, June 25, 2014
 Sunace International v. NLRC, G.R. No. 161757, January 25, 2006
 APQ Ship Management v. Casenas, G.R. No. 197539, June 2, 2014
II.C.6  Skipper United v. Doza, G.R. No. 175558, February 8, 2012
 Poseidon International v. Tamala, G.R. No. 186475, June 26, 2013
 See Serrano v. Gallant Maritime, G.R. No. 167614, March 24, 2009
II.D  Art. 18, Labor Code
 Rule II, Sec. 1 (i), Omnibus Rules and Regulations Implementing the
Migrant Workers and Overseas Filipinos Act of 1995, as amended by R.A.
10022
 POEA Revised Rules and Regulations Governing the Recruitment and
Employment of Land-Based Overseas Workers [2016], Secs. 123-124
 Art. 26, Labor Code

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II.E  Art. 35, Labor Code
 POEA Revised Rules and Regulations Governing the Recruitment and
Employment of Land-Based Overseas Workers [2016], Part 2, Rule 2, E;
Part IV, Rule III
 POEA Revised Rules and Regulations Governing the Recruitment and
Employment of Seafarers [2016]; Part V, Rule III
II.F  Arts. 36 & 37 v. 128 & 274, Labor Code
II.G  Art. 22, Labor Code
 Rule XIII, Book 1, Sec. 2, Implementing Rules (Labor Code)
II.H  Sec. 5, R.A. 10022
III.A  Art. 82, Labor Code
 Book III, Rule I, Sec. 2, Implementing Rules (Labor Code)
 David v. Macasio, G.R. No. 195466, July 2, 2014
 Penaranda v. Baganga Plywood, G.R. No. 159577, May 3, 2006
 PICP v. Laguesma, G.R. No. 101738, April 12, 2000
III.A.1  Art. 83, Labor Code
 Book III, Rule 1, Secs. 3-4, Implementing Rules (Labor Code)
 DO No. 65-04, Serie s of 2004
 R.A. 8972, Sec. 6
 R.A. 10361, Secs. 20-21
 CHED Memorandum Circular No. 40, Series of 2008
III.A.1.a  DOLE Dept. Advisory No. 2, Series of 2004
 DOLE Dept. Advisory No. 2, Series of 2009
 DOLE Dept. Advisory No. 4, Series of 2010
III.A.2  Art. 85, Labor Code
 Book III, Rule I, Sec. 7, Implementing Rules (Labor Code)
 Letter-Opinion dated Nov. 27, 1989, Sec. Drilon to Kodak Philippines
 Manual on Labor Standards 2004- Bureau of Working Conditions
 Sime Darby v. NLRC, G.R. No. 119205, April 15, 1998
 Pan Am v. Pan Am Employees, G.R. No. L-16275, February 23, 1961
III.A.3  Book III, Rule I, Sec. 5, Implementing Rules (Labor Code)
 Arica v. NLRC, G.R. No. 78210, February 28, 1998
III.A.4  Art. 87, Labor Code
 Book III, Rule I, Secs. 8-11, Implementing Rules (Labor Code)
 See Manual on Labor Standards 2004- Bureau of Working Conditions
 Art. 88, Labor Code
 Art. 89, Labor Code
 No. 3, DOLE Handbook on Workers Statutory Monetary Benefits
 Robina Farms v. Villa, G.R. No. 175869, April 18, 2016
 Pigcaulan v. Security and Credit, G.R. No. 173648, January 16, 2012
III.A.5  R.A. 10151
 GMA Network v. Pabriga, G.R. No. 176419, November 27, 2013
III.A.6  PAL v. Pascua, G.R. No. 143258, August 15, 2003
 Perpetual Help Credit v. Faburada, G.R. No. 121948, October 8, 2001
 CIT v. Ople, G.R. No. L-58870, December 18, 1987
 UST v. NLRZ, G.R. No. 85519, February 15, 1990
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  Herrera-Manaois v. St. Scholastica’s Collehe, G.R. No. 188914, December
11, 2013
 Lacuesta v. ADMU, G.R. No. 152777, December 9, 2005
 Saint Mary’s University v. C.A., G.R. No. 157788, March 8, 2005
 See DOLE Handbook on Workers Statutory Monetary Benefits
III.A.7  Art. 1713, Civil Code
 Dingcong v. Guingona, G.R. No. 76044 June 28, 1988
 Mackay v. Spouses Caswell, G.R. No. 183872, November 17, 2014
III.B  Arts. 97-98, Labor Code
III.B.1  Equitable v. Sadac, G.R. No. 164772, June 8, 2006
 Songco v. NLRC, G.R. Nos. 50999-501000, March 23, 1990
 Reyes v. NLRC, G.R. No. 160233, August 8, 2007
 Sugue v. Triumph International, G.R. No. 164804, January 30, 2009
 International School v. Quisumbing, G.R. No. 128845, June 1, 2000
 Atok-Big Association v. Atok-Big Wedge, G.R. No. L-7349, July 19, 1955
 Our Haus v. Parian, G.R. No. 204651, August 6, 2014
 Book III, Rule VII-A
 DOLE D.O. No. 126-13, April 2013
III.B.2  Art. 99, Labor Code
 R.A. 6727, Wage Rationalization Act
 Book III, Rule VII, Sec. 1, Implementing Rules (Labor Code)
 NWPC Guidelines No. 1, Series of 2007 (June 19, 2007)
 See Wage Order No. ROVII-20, February 13, 2017
 Employees Confederation v. NWPC, G.R. No. 96169, September 24, 1991
 Nasipit Integrated v. Nasipit Employees, G.R. No. 162411, June 27, 2008
III.B.3.a  Art. 124, Labor Code
 Art. 101, Labor Code
 Book III, Rule VII-A, Implementing Rules (Labor Code)
 Tan v. Lagman, G.R. No. 151228, August 15, 2002
III.B.3.b &  Arts. 57-60, Labor Code
c  Arts. 73-77, Labor Code
 Book II, Rule VI, Sec. 29, Implementing Rules (Labor Code)
III.B.3.d  Arts. 78-81, Labor Code
 R.A. 7277, Magna Carta for Disabled Persons
III.B.4  See Songco v. NLRC, G.R. Nos. 50999-501000, March 23, 1990
 See Reyes v. NLRC, G.R. No. 160233, August 8, 2007
 Soriano v. NLRC, G.R. No. L-75510, October 27, 1987
 Iran v. NLRC, G.R. No. 121927, April 22, 1998
III.B.5  Arts. 113-118, Labor Code
 Book III, Rule VIII, Secs. 10-11, Implementing Rules (Labor Code)
 Arts. 1706, 1708, Civil Code
 Art. 59, R.A. 6938, Cooperative Code of the Phils.
 Bluer Than Blue v. Esteban, G.R. No. 192582, April 7, 2014
 Nina Jewelry v. Trinidad, G.R. No. 188169, November 28, 2011
 Milan v. NLRC, G.R. No. 202961, February 4, 2015
 SHS Perforated v. Diaz, G.R. No. 185814, October 13, 2010
III.B.6  Art. 100, Labor Code
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  Wesleyan University v. Faculty, G.R. No. 181806, March 12, 2014
 Vergara v. Coca-Cola, G.R. No. 176985, April 1, 2013
 Central Azucarera v. Labor Union, G.R. No. 188949, July 26, 2010
 Netlink v. Delmo, G.R. No. 160827, June 18, 2014
III.B.7  Art. 97 (f), Labor Code
 SLL International v. NLRC, G.R. No. 172161, March 2, 2011
 Mabeza v. NLRC, G.R. No. 118506, April 18, 1997
 See Our Haus v. Parian, G.R. No. 204651, August 6, 2014
III.B.8  Art. 124, Labor Code
 Metrobank v. NLRC, G.R. No. 102636, September 10, 1993
 Prubankers Assoc. v. Prudential Bank, G.R. No. 131247, January 25, 1999
 Bankard Employees v. NLRC, G.R. No. 140689, February 17, 2004
 Ampeloqiuo v. JAKA Distribution, G.R. No. 196936, July 2, 2014
III.B.9  Lim v. HMR Phils, G.R. No. 201483, August 4, 2014
 Arellano University Employees v. CA, G.R. No. 139940, September 19,
2006
 Leyeco IV v. Employees, G.R. No. 157775, October 19, 2007
III.C.1  Art. 91, Labor Code
 Book III, Rule III, Implementing Rules (Labor Code)
III.C.2  Art. 92, Labor Code
 Book III, Rule III, Implementing Rules (Labor Code)
 Art. 93, Labor Code
III.D.1  Art. 94, Labor Code
 Book III, Rule IV, Implementing Rules (Labor Code)
 Jose Rizal College v. NLRC, G.R. No. 65482, December 1, 1987
 Insular Bank v. Inciong, G.R. No. L-52415, October 23, 1984
 No. 3, DOLE Handbook on Workers Statutory Monetary Benefits
III.D.2  David v. Macasio, G.R. No. 195466, July 2, 2014
 A. Nate Casket Maker v. Arango, G.R. No. 192282, October 5, 2016
 Tan v. Lagman, G.R. No. 151228, August 15, 2002
III.E.1  Art. 95, Labor Code
 Book III, Rule V, Implementing Rules (Labor Code)
 See David v. Macasio, G.R. No. 195466, July 2, 2014
 See CIT v. Ople, G.R. No. L-58870, December 18, 1987
III.E.2  Art. 133, Labor Code
 Sec. 14-A, Social Security Law (as amended)
 No. 11, DOLE Handbook on Workers Statutory Monetary Benefits
 R.A. 10151, Sec. 4
III.E.3  R.A. 8187, Paternity Leave Act
 Revised Implementing Rules of R.A. 8187 (March 13, 1997)
III.E.4  R.A. 8972, Solo Parents’ Welfare Act
 Implementing Rules, R.A. 8972
 Dela Cueva v. Omaga, A.M. No. P-08-2590, July 5, 2010
III.E.5  Sec. 43, R.A. 9262, Anti-VAWC Act
 Sec. 42, Implementing Rules, R.A. 9262
III.E.6  Sec. 18, R.A. 9710, Magna Carta of Women
 Sec. 21, Rule IV, Implementing Rules, R.A. 9710
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  Sec. 7 (m), Rule II, Implementing Rules, R.A. 9710
 DOLE D.O. No. 112-11, Series of 2011
 DOLE D.O. 112-A, Series of 2012
III.F  Art. 96, Labor Code
 Book III, Rule V, Implementing Rules (Labor Code)
 No. 7 (a), (c), DOLE Handbook on Workers Statutory Monetary Benefits
 Mayon Hotel v. Adana, G.R. No. 157634, May 16, 2005
 Philippine Hoteliers v. National Union, G.R. No. 181972, August 25, 2009
III.G  P.D. 851
 Revised Guidelines on the Implementation of 13th Month Law
 Central Azucarera v. Labor Union, G.R. No. 188949, July 26, 2010
 King of Kings Transport v. Mamac, G.R. No. 166208, June 29, 2007
III.H  Arts. 283-284, Labor Code
 Sec. 32, Art. V, R.A. 10361
 Manila Water v. Rosario, G.R. No. 188747, January 29, 2014
See Toyota v. NLRC, G.R. Nos. 158786 & 158789, October 19, 2007
 Bani Rural Bank v. Guzman, G.R. No. 170904, November 13, 2013
 PAL v. NLRC, G.R. No. 123294, October 20, 2010
 Solidbank v. NLRC, G.R. No. 165951, March 30, 2010
 Escario v. NLRC, G.R. No. 160302, September 27, 2010
 Motorola Phils. v. Ambrocio G.R. No. 173279, March 20, 2009
 Sec. 6, R.A. 9231
III.I  Art. 287, Labor Code
 Serrano v. Santos Transit, G.R. No. 187698, August 9, 2010
 Eligir v. PAL, G.R. No. 181995, July 16, 2012
 Grace Christian School v. Lavandera, G.R. No. 177845, August 20, 2014
 Unilever v. Rivera, G.R. No. 201701, June 3, 2013
III.J.1  Art. 135, Labor Code
 Chapter II, Sec. 4 (b), R.A. 9710, Magna Carta of Women
 Rule II, Sec. 7 (c), Implementing Rules of R.A. 9710
 Rule V, Sec. 25, Implementing Rules of R.A. 9710
III.J.2  Art. 136, Labor Code
 See Philippine Telegraph v. NLRC, G.R. No. 118978, May 23, 1997
 See Duncan v. Glaxo, G.R. No. 162994, September 17, 2004
 Star Paper v. Simbol, G.R. No. 164774, April 12, 2006
III.J.3  Art. 137, Labor Code
 Del Monte v. Velasco, G.R. No. 153477, March 6, 2007
III.J.4  R.A. 7877, February 14, 1995
 Implementing Rules of R.A. 7877
 Domingo v. Rayala, G.R. No. 155831, February 18, 2008
 Narvasa v. Sanchez, G.R. 169449, March 26, 2010
 Atty. Gonzales v. Serrano, G.R. No. 175433, March 11, 2015
Insert: Employment of Minors, Househelpers, Homeworkers, Apprentices and Learners, Persons
with Disability
IV.A.1  Royale Homes v. Alcantara, G.R. No. 195190, July 28, 2014
 Benigno v. ABS-CBN, G.R. No. 199166, April 20, 2015
 Valencia v. Classique Vinyl Products, G.R. No. 206390, January 30, 2017
11/20
  Bazar v. Ruizol, G.R. No. 198782, October 19, 2016
 Legend Hotel v. Realuyo, G.R. No. 153511, July 18, 2012
 See Tan v. Lagrama, G.R. No. 151228, August 15, 2002
IV.A.2.a  GMA Network v. Pabriga, G.R. No. 176419, November 27, 2013
 Art. 281, Labor Code
 Book VI, Rule I, Sec. 6, Implementing Rules (Labor Code)
 Carvajal v. Luzon Development Bank, G.R. No. 186169, August 1, 2012
 Philippine Spring Water Resources v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 205278,
June 11, 2014
 See Abbott v. Alcaraz, G.R. No. 192571, July 23, 2013
 San Miguel v. Del Rosario, G.R. Nos. 168194 & 168603, December 13,
2005
IV.A.2.b  Art. 280, Labor Code
 Book VI, Rule I, Sec. 5, a, Implementing Rules (Labor Code)
 Olympia Housing v. Lapastora, G.R. No. 187691, January 13, 2016
 Dacles v. Millenium Erectors Corporation, G.R. No. 209822, July 8, 2015
 See Benigno v. ABS-CBN, G.R. No. 199161, April 20, 2015
 MacArthur Malicdem v. Marulas, G.R. No. 204406, February 26, 2014
 FVR Skills v. Seva, G.R. No. 200857, October 22, 2014
IV.A.2.c  Ganzon v. Ando, G.R. No. 214183, February 2, 2017
 Omni Hauling v. Bon, G.R. No. 199388, September 3, 2014
 Asos v. PNCC, G.R. No. 192394, July 3, 2013
 See GMA Network v. Pabriga, G.R. No. 176419, November 27, 2013
 See MacArthur Malicdem v. Marulas, G.R. No. 204406, February 26, 2014
IV.A.2.d  Art. 280, Labor Code
 Paz v. Northern Tobacco, G.R. No. 199554, February 18, 2015
 Hacienda Cataywa v. Lorezo, G.R. No. 179640, March 18, 2015
 Universal Robina v. Acibo, G.R. No. 186439, January 15, 2014
 Gapayao v. Fulo, G.R. No. 193493, June 13, 2013
IV.A.2.e  Art. 280, Labor Code
 Book VI, Rule I, Sec. 5, b, Implementing Rules (Labor Code)
 See Universal Robina v. Acibo, G.R. No. 186439, January 15, 2014
 See Tan v. Lagrama, G.R. No. 151228, August 15, 2002
IV.A.2.f  Samonte v. La Salle Greenhills, G.R. No. 199683, February 10, 2016
 Fuji Television v. Espiritu, G.R. No. 204944-45, December 3, 2014
 See GMA Network v. Pabriga, G.R. No. 176419, November 27, 2013
 See Universal Robina v. Acibo, G.R. No. 186439, January 15, 2014
 Colegio del Santisimo v. Rojo, G.R. No. 170388, September 4, 2013
IV.A.3.a,b  Articles 106 to 109, Labor Code
 Department Order No. 174, Series of 2017
 Department Order No. 18-A
 Department Circular No. 01-12
 Alilin v. Petron, G.R. No. 177592, June 9, 2014
 First Philippine Industrial v. Calimbas, G.R. No. 179256, July 10, 2013
 Aviado v. Procter and Gamble, G.R. No. 160506, June 6, 2011
IV.B.1  Arts. 282, 264, 263, 248, Labor Code
 Imasen Phil. v. Alcon, G.R. No. 194884, October 22, 2014
12/20
  Leus v. St. Scholastica, G.R. No. 187226, January 28, 2015
 Realda v. New Age, G.R. No. 192190, April 25, 2012
 Coffee Bean v. Arenas, G.R. No. 208908, March 11, 2015
 International School v. I.S. Alliance, G.R. No. 167286, February 5, 2014
 School of the Holy Spirit v. Taguiam, G.R. No. 165565, July 14, 2008
 Fernandez v. Newfield Staff, G.R. No. 201979, July 10, 2013
 PNOC-EDC v. Buenviaje, G.R. 183200-01, June 19, 2016
 Sanden Aircon v. Rosales, G.R. No. 169260, March 23, 2011
 Lhuillier v. Velayo, G.R. No. 198620, November 12, 2014
 VECO Union v. VECO, G.R. No. 205575, July 22, 2015
 Aliling v. Feliciano, G.R. No. 185829, April 25, 2012
 Reyes-Rayel v. Phil. Luen, G.R. No. 174893, July 11, 2012
IV.B.2  Art. 283, Labor Code
 Edge Apparel v. NLRC, G.R. No. 121314, February 12, 1998
 Magnolia Dairy v. NLRC, G.R. No. 114952, January 29, 1996
 Arabit v. Jardine Pacific, G.R. No. 181719, April 21, 2014
 Manila Polo Club Employees v. Manila Polo Club, G.R. No. 172846, July
24, 2013
 PNCC Skyway v. Secretary of Labor, G.R. No. 196110, February 6, 2017
 Art. 284, Labor Code
 Book VI, Sec. 8, Implementing Rules (Labor Code)
 Deoferio v. Intel Technology, G.R. No. 202996, June 18, 2014
IV.B.3.a,b  King of Kings Transport v. Mamac, G.R. No. 166208, June 29, 2007
 Unilever Phils. V. Rivera, G.R. No. 201701, June 3, 2013
 Perez v. Philippine Telegraph, G.R. No. 152048, April 7, 2009
 Esguerra v. Valle Verde, G.R. No. 173012, June 13, 2012
 Brown Madonna Press v. Casas, G.R. No. 200898, June 15, 2015
 Puncia v. Toyota Shaw, G.R. No. 214399, June 18, 2016
 See Abbott v. Alcaraz, G.R. No. 192571, July 23, 2013
 See Deoferio v. Intel Technology, G.R. No. 202996, June 18, 2014
 See Agabon v. NLRC, G.R. No. 158693, November 17, 2004
 Jaka Food v. Pacot, G.R. No. 151378, March 28, 2005
 Montinola v. Philippine Airlines, G.R. No. 198656, September 8, 2014
IV.C  Art. 279, Labor Code
 Book VI, Rule I, Implementing Rules (Labor Code)
IV.C.1.a  Arts. 223, 263 (g), 277 (b), 279, 286, Labor Code
 Mt. Carmel College v. Resuena, G.R. No. 173076, October 10, 2007
 Wenphil v. Abing, G.R. No. 207983, April 7, 2014
 Bergonio v. South East Asian Airline, G.R. No. 195227, April 21, 2014
 Alcantara & Sons v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 155109, September 29,
2010
 Lansangan v. Amkor Technology, G.R. No. 177026, January 30, 2009
 Tri-C General Services v. Matuto, G.R. No. 194686, September 23, 2015
 Sec. 9, Rules XI, 2011 NLRC Rules of Procedure
 Pfizer v. Velasco, G.R. No. 177467, March 9, 2011
IV.C.1.b  Emeritus Security v. Dailig, G.R. No. 204761, April 2, 2014
13/20
  Tenazas v. Villegas Taxi, G.R. No. 192998, April 2, 2014
 See Bani Rural Bank v. Guzman, G.R. No. 170904, November 13, 2013
 See Escario v. NLRC, G.R. No. 160302, September 27, 2010
 Sec. 19, Rules V, 2011 NLRC Rules of Procedure
 Sarona v. NLRC, G.R. No. 185280, January 18, 2012
 Jordan v. Grandeur Security, G.R. 206716, June 18, 2014
 Capin-Cadiz v. Brent Hospital, G.R. 187417, February 24, 2016
IV.C.2.a  Art. 279, Labor Code
 Wenphil v. Abing, G.R. No. 207983, April 7, 2014
 See Bani Rural Bank v. Guzman, G.R. No. 170904, November 13, 2013
 Nacar v. Gallery Frames, G.R. No. 189871, August 13, 2013
 BPI Employees v. BPI, G.R. No. 178699, September 21, 2011
 Metroguards Security v. Hilongo, G.R. 215630, March 9, 2015
 Divine Word College v. Mina, G.R. No. 195155, April 13, 2016
IV.C.2.b  Integrated Microelectronics v. Pionilla, G.R. No. 200222, August 28, 2013
 Victory Liner v. Race, G.R. No. 164820, December 8, 2008
 Capin-Cadiz v. Brent Hospital, G.R. 187417, February 24, 2016
 Supra Multi-Services v. Labitigan, G.R. No. 192297, April 3, 2016
IV.D  Book V, Rule XXIII, Secs. 8-9, Implementing Rules (Labor Code)
 See Bluer Than Blue v. Esteban, G.R. No. 192582, April 7, 2014
 Artificio v. NLRC, G.R. No. 172988, July 26, 2010
 Mandapat v. Add Force Personnel, G.R. No. 180285, July 6, 2010
 Maricalum Mining v. Decorion, G.R. No. 158637, April 12, 2006
 Smart Communications v. Solidum, G.R. No. 197763, December 7, 2015
IV.E  Norkis Trading v. Gnilo, G.R. No. 159730, Feb. 11, 2008
 Hechanova v. Atty. Matorre, G.R. No. 198261, October 16, 2013
 Peckson v. Robinsons, G.R. No. 198534, July 3, 2013
 Gemina v. Bankwise, G.R. No. 175365, October 23, 2013
 Verdadero v. Barney Autolines, G.R. No. 195428, August 29, 2012
 Tatel v. JLFP Investigation Security, G.R. No. 206942, February 25, 2015
 Chateau Royal Sports v. Balba, G.R. 197492, January 18, 2017
V.A  PJ Lhuillier v. Camacho, G.R. No. 223073, February 22, 2017
 Leus v. St. Scholastica’s College, G.R. No. 187226, January 28, 2015
V.B  Peckson v. Robinsons, G.R. No. 198534, July 3, 2013
 Morales v. Harbour Center, G.R. No. 174208, January 25, 2012
 Best Wear Garments v. Lemos, G.R. No. 191281, December 5, 2012
 ICT Marketing Services v. Sales, G.R. No. 202090, September 9, 2015
 Echo 2000 Commercial v. Obrero Filipino-Echo, G.R. No. 214092,
January 11, 2016
V.C  Aliling v. Feliciano, G.R. No. 185829, April 25, 2012
 See Sameer Overseas v. Cabiles, G.R. No. 170139, August 5, 2014
 Book III, Rule VII-A, Sec. 5, Implementing Rules (Labor Code)
V.D  Eastern Telecom v. Eastern Telecom Union, G.R. No. 185665, February
8, 2012
V.E  Manila Jockey Club Union v. Manila Jockey Club, G.R. No. 167760,
March 7, 2007
V.F  Art. 136, Labor Code
14/20
  See Philippine Telegraph v. NLRC, G.R. No. 118978, May 23, 1997
 See Duncan v. Glaxo, G.R. No. 162994, September 17, 2004
 See Star Paper v. Simbol, G.R. No. 164774, April 12, 2006
 See Capin-Cadiz v. Brent Hospital, G.R. 187417, February 24, 2016
V.G  Tiu v. Platinum Plans, G.R. No. 163512, February 28, 2007
 Rivera v. Solidbank, G.R. No. 163269, April 19, 2006
 Portillo v. Rudolf Lietz, Inc., G.R. No. 196539, October 10, 2012
VI.A.1  R.A. 8282
 R.A. 10361, Art. IV, Sec. 10
 SSS v. Rizal Poultry, G.R. 167050, June 1, 2011
 Corporal v. NLRC, G.R. No. 129315, October 2, 2000
 Esmarialino v. Employees’ Compensation Commission, G.R. 192352, July
23, 2014
VI.A.2,3,4  R.A. 8282
 SSS v. Favila, G.R. No. 170195, March 28, 2011
 Esmarialino v. ECC, SSS, G.R. No. 192352, July 23, 2014
 Kua v. Sacupayo, G.R. No. 191237, September 24, 2014
 Bartolome v. SSS, G.R. No. 192531, November 12, 2014
VI.B.1,2,3,4  R.A. 8291
 Implementing Rules, R.A. 8291
 GSIS v. De Leon, G.R. No. 186560, November 17, 2010
 GSIS v. Alcaraz, G.R. No. 187474, February 6, 2013
 R.A. 10154
VI.C  R.A. 7699
 Implementing Rules, R.A. 7699
VI.D  Arts. 166-208-A, Title II, Labor Code
 GSIS v. Capacite, G.R. No. 199780, September 24, 2014
 Bartolome v. GSIS, G.R. No. 192531, November 12, 2014
 GSIS v. Calumpiano, G.R. No. 196102, November 26, 2014
VI.A.1  R.A. 8282
 R.A. 10361, Art. IV, Sec. 10
 SSS v. Rizal Poultry, G.R. 167050, June 1, 2011
 Corporal v. NLRC, G.R. No. 129315, October 2, 2000
VI.A.2,3,4  R.A. 8282
 SSS v. Favila, G.R. No. 170195, March 28, 2011
 Esmarialino v. ECC, SSS, G.R. No. 192352, July 23, 2014
 Kua v. Sacupayo, G.R. No. 191237, September 24, 2014
 Bartolome v. SSS, G.R. No. 192531, November 12, 2014
VI.B.1,2,3,4  R.A. 8291
 Implementing Rules, R.A. 8291
 GSIS v. De Leon, G.R. No. 186560, November 17, 2010
 GSIS v. Alcaraz, G.R. No. 187474, February 6, 2013
 R.A. 10154
VI.C  R.A. 7699
 Implementing Rules, R.A. 7699
VI.D  Arts. 166-208-A, Title II, Labor Code
 GSIS v. Capacite, G.R. No. 199780, September 24, 2014
15/20
  Bartolome v. GSIS, G.R. No. 192531, November 12, 2014
 GSIS v. Calumpiano, G.R. No. 196102, November 26, 2014
VII.A.1  Arts. 243-245-A, Labor Code
 Book V, Rule II, Sec. 2, Implementing Rules (Labor Code)
 PICP v. Laguesma, G.R. No. 101738, April 12, 2000
 Samahan ng Manggagawa sa Hanjin Shipyard v. Bureau of Labor
Relations, G.R. No. 211145, October 14, 2015
VII.A.1.a  San Miguel Supervisors v. Laguesma, G.R. No. 110399, August 15, 1997
 San Miguel v. San Miguel Supervisors, G.R. No. 146206, August 1, 2011
 Standard Chartered Employees v. Standard Chartered, G.R. No. 161933,
April 22, 2008
 Tunay na Pagkakaisa v. Asia Brewery, G.R. No. 162025, August 3, 2010
 Coca-Cola Bottlers v. Ilocos Professional and Technical Employees
Union, G.R. No. 193798, September 8, 2015
VII.A.2  Book V, Rule I, Sec. 1, Implementing Rules (Labor Code)

VII.A.2.a  International School Alliance v. Quisumbing, G.R. No. 128845, June 1,

2000
 Holy Child School v. Sto. Thomas, G.R. No. 179146, July 23, 2013
VII.A.2.c  Arts. 256-258, Labor Code
 DOLE D.O. No. 40-1-15, Series of 2015
 Book V, Rule VIII, Sec. 3, Implementing Rules (Labor Code)
 National Congress of Unions v. Trajano, G.R. No. L-67485 April 10, 1992
 Capitiol Medical Center v. Laguesma, G.R. No. 118915, February 4, 1997
 Art. 231, Labor Code
 Picop Resources v. Dequilla, G.R. No. 172666, December 7, 2011
 Erson Ang Lee v. Samahang Manggawa ng Super Lamination, G.R. No.
193816, November 21, 2016
 Book V, Rule IX, Secs. 16-20, Implementing Rules (Labor Code)
VII.A.2.c.i  Arts. 253, 257, Labor Code
 Book V, Rule VIII, Sec. 1, Implementing Rules (Labor Code)
VII.A.2.c.ii  Art. 256, Labor Code
VII.A.2.d.i  Art. 256, Labor Code
 Book V, Rule X, Secs. 1-2, Implementing Rules (Labor Code)
 Book V, Rule IX, Sec. 20, Implementing Rules (Labor Code)
 National Union of Workers v. Labor Secretary, G.R. No. 181531, July 31,
2009
VII.A.2.e  National Federation of Labor v. Labor Secretary, G.R. No. 104556, March
9, 1998
VII.A.2.f  Book V, Rule I, Sec. 1 (h), Implementing Rules (Labor Code)
 Book V, Rule VIII, Secs. 9-10, Implementing Rules (Labor Code)
 Lepanto Consolidated Mining v. Lepanato Capataz Union, G.R. No.
157086, February 18, 2013
VII.A.2.g.i  Art. 234-A, Labor Code
 National Union of Bank Employees v. PEMA, G.R. No. 174287, August
12, 2013
 Philippine Skylanders v. NLRC, G.R. No. 127374, January 31, 2002
 Benguet Consolidated v. BCI Employees, G.R. No. L-24711, April 30,
16/20
 1968
VII.A.2.h.i  Arts. 241 (o) and 277 (a), Labor Code
 Art. 248 (e), Labor Code
 Del Pilar Academy v. Del Pilar Union, G.R. No. 170112, April 30, 2008
 See National Union of Bank Employees v. PEMA, G.R. No. 174287,
August 12, 2013
 Mendoza v. Officers of Manila Waters Employees Union, G.R. No.
201595, January 25, 2016
VII.A.2.i  Art. 248 (e), Labor Code
 Holy Cross of Davao College v. Joaquin, G.R. No. 110007, October 18,
1996
 See Del Pilar Academy v. Del Pilar Union, G.R. No. 170112, April 30,
2008
VII.B.1  Art. 252, Labor Code
 Union of Filipro Employees v. Nestle, G.R. No. 158930-31 August 22,
2006
 Tabangao Shell v. Pilipinas Shell, G.R. No. 170007, April 7, 2014
VII.B.1.a  Art. 251, Labor Code
VII.B.1.b  Art. 253, Labor Code
 General Milling v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 146728, February 11, 2004
 General Milling ILU v. General Milling, G.R. No. 183122, June 15, 2011
VII.B.2.a.i  Octavio v. PLDT, G.R. No. 175492, February 27, 2013
 Book V, Rule I, Sec. 1 (u), Implementing Rules (Labor Code)
 Arts. 260-261, Labor Code
 UST Faculty Union v. UST, G.R. No. 203957, July 30, 2014
VII.B.2.a.ii  NCMB Procedural Guidelines in Voluntary Arbitration
 See UST Faculty Union v. UST, G.R. No. 203957, July 30, 2014
 Phil. Electric Corp. v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 168612, December 10,
2014
VII.B.2.a.iii  Alcantara & Sons v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 155109, September 29,
2010
VII.B.2.a.iv  Art. 255, Labor Code
 Art. 277 (h), Labor Code
VII.B.2.b.i,ii  Art. 253-A, Labor Code
 See General Milling v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 146728, February 11,
2004
 See Octavio v. PLDT, G.R. No. 175492, February 27, 2013
 FVC Labor Union v. Sanama, G.R. No. 176249, November 27, 2009
 Book V, Rule XVII, Secs. 7-8, Implementing Rules (Labor Code)
VII.B.2.b.iii  Book V, Rule V, Sec. 6, Implementing Rules (Labor Code)
 Picop Resources v. Taneca, G.R. No. 160828, August 9, 2010
 See National Union of Bank Employees v. PEMA, G.R. No. 174287,
August 12, 2013
VII.B.3.a  See Picop Resources v. Dequilla, G.R. No. 172666, December 7, 2011
 BPI v. BPI Union, G.R. No. 164301, August 10, 2010
 BPI v. BPI Union, G.R. No. 164301, October 19, 2011
 BPI-Union v. BPI, G.R. No. 174912, July 24, 2013
17/20
  Alabang Country Club v. NLRC, G.R. No. 170287, February 14, 2008
 See Picop Resources v. Taneca, G.R. No. 160828, August 9, 2010
 General Milling Corp. v. Casio, et al, G.R. No. 149552, March 10, 2010
VII.B.3.b  Arts. 241 (o) and 277 (a), Labor Code
 Art. 248 (e), Labor Code
 See Del Pilar Academy v. Del Pilar Union, G.R. No. 170112, April 30,
2008
 See Holy Cross of Davao College v. Joaquin, G.R. No. 110007, October
18, 1996
VII.B.4.a  See Tabangao Shell v. Pilipinas Shell, G.R. No. 170007, April 7, 2014
 Union of Filipro Employees v. Nestle, G.R. No. 158930-31 August 22,
2006
 Central Azucarera de Bais Union v. Central Azucarera, G.R. 186605,
November 17, 2010
VII.B.4.b  De La Salle v. De La Salle Employees Assoc., G.R. No. 169254, August
23, 2012
 Ren Transport Corp. v. NLRC, G.R. No. 188020, June 27, 2016
VII.B.4.c  Manila Diamond Hotel v. Hotel Employees Union, G.R. No. 158075, June
30, 2006
VII.B.4.d  Standard Chartered v. Confesor, G.R. No. 114974, June 16, 2004
VII.B.4.e  See Standard Chartered v. Confesor, G.R. No. 114974, June 16, 2004
VII.B.5.a  Galaxy Steel Workers v. NLRC, G.R. No. 165757, October 17, 2006
 See Tunay na Pagkakaisa v. Asia Brewery, G.R. No. 162025, August 3,
2010
 Arts. 247-249, 261, 263 (c), Labor Code
VII.B.5.b  Art. 248, Labor Code
 T & H Shopfitters v. Workers Union, G.R. No. 191714, February 26, 2014
 San Miguel v. Employees Union, G.R. No. 168569, October 5, 2007
 See De La Salle v. De La Salle Employees Assoc., G.R. No. 169254,
August 23, 2012
 Bankard v. NLRC, G.R. No. 171664, March 6, 2013
 Ren Transport Corp. v. NLRC, G.R. No. 188020, June 27, 2016
 CEPALCO v. CEPALCO Union, G.R. No. 211015, June 10, 2016
VII.B.5.c  Art. 249, Labor Code
 Baptista v. Villanueva, G.R. No. 194709, July 31, 2013
VII.C.1  Sec. 18, Art. II, 1987 Constitution
 Sec.4, Art. III, 1987 Constitution
 Sec. 3, Art. XIII, 1987 Constitution
 Art. 212, Labor Code
 National Union of Workers v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 163942,
November 11, 2008
 NCMB Primer on Strike, Picketing and Lockout
VII.C.2  Art. 263 (c), Labor Code
 Book V, Rule XXII, Sec. 6, Implementing Rules (Labor Code)
 Stamford Marketing v. Julian, G.R. No. 145496, February 24, 2004
VII.C.3.4  Art. 263-264, Labor Code
 Book V, Rule XXII, Secs. 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13 Implementing Rules
(Labor Code)
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  HSBC Union, et al v. NLRC, G.R. No. 156635, January 11, 2016
 Samahan ng Manggagawa sa Hanjin Shipyard v. Bureau of Labor
Relations, G.R. No. 211145, October 14, 2015
 Phimco Industries v. PILA, G.R. No. 170830, August 11, 2010
 Capitol Medical Center, Inc. v. NLRC, G.R. No. 147080, April 26, 2005
 PMI Union v. PMI Colleges Bohol, G.R. 211526, June 29, 2016
 Toyota Motors v. NLRC, G.R. Nos. 158786 & 158789, October 19, 2007
 Bukluran ng Manggagawa v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 158158, January
17, 2005
 Art. 265, Labor Code
 Book V, Rule XXII, Sec. 12, IRR
VII.C.5  Art. 264 (e), Labor Code
 Book V, Rule XXII, Sec. 13, IRR
 Phimco Industries v. PILA, G.R. No. 170830, August 11, 2010
 Santa Rosa Coca-Cola Union v. Coca-Cola Bottlers, G.R. Nos. 164302-03,
January 24, 2007
 Abaria et al v. NLRC, G.R. No. 154113, December 7, 2011
 Leyte Geothermal Power v. PNOC, G.R. No. 170351, March 30, 2011
VII.C.6  Art. 263 (g), Labor Code
 D.O. No 40-G-03, Series of 2010 (Secs. 15-18 of Rule XXII, Book V of
IRR) & Operational Guidelines
 National Union of Workers v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 163942,
November 11, 2008
 YSS Employees Union v. YSS Laboratories, G.R. No. 155125, December
4, 2009
 Tabangao Shell v. Pilipinas Shell, G.R. No. 170007, April 7, 2014
 Toyota Motors v. NLRC, G.R. Nos. 158786 & 158789, October 19, 2007
VII.C.7  Philcom Employees Union v. Phil. Global Communications, G.R. No.
144315, July 17, 2006
VII.C.8  Steel Corp. v. SCP Employees Union, G.R. Nos. 169829-30, April 16,
2008
 Rodriguez et al v. Philippine Airlines, G.R. No. 178501, January 11, 2016
VII.C.9.a,b  Art. 264, Labor Code;
 HSBC Employees Union v. NLRC, G.R. No. 156635, January 11, 2016
 Abaria et al v. NLRC, G.R. No. 154113, December 7, 2011
 VCMC v. Yballe, G.R. 196156, January 15, 2014
VII.C.9.c  C. Alcantara & Sons v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 155109, March 14,
2012
 Escario v. NLRC, G.R. No. 160302, September 27, 2010
 Toyota Motors v. NLRC, G.R. Nos. 158786 & 158789, October 19, 2007
 Automotive Engine Rebuilders v. PUMA, G.R. No. 160138, July 31, 2011
 Automotive Engine Rebuilders v. PUMA, G.R. No. 160138, January 16,
2013
VII.C.9.d  Filcon Manufacturing v. Lakas Manggagawa, G.R. No. 150166, July 26,
2004
 Interphil Laboratories Union v. Interphil Laboratories, G.R. No. 142824,
December 19, 2001
 Trans-Asia Union v. Court of Appeals, G.R . No. 145428, July 7, 2004
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VII.C.10.a  Art. 254, Labor Code
 Art. 218 (e), Labor Code
 San Miguel Corp. v. NLRC, G.R. No. 119293, June 10, 2003
 Marino v. Gamila, G.R. No. 132400, January 31, 2005
 HSBC Union v. NLRC, G.R. No. 113541, November 22, 2001
 Nagkahiusang Mamumuo v. Court of Appeals, G.R. Nos. 148839-40,
November 2, 2006
VII.C.10.b  MSF Tire and Rubber v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 128632, August 5,
1999

DOLE D.O. No. 183 Series of 2017- Revised Rules on the Administration and
Enforcement of Labor Laws Pursuant to Article 128 of the Labor Code, as renumbered

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