CONSTRUCTION METHODOLGY

The following are the construction procedures that will be undertaken on REARING
FOUNDATION AND SITE WORKS PHASE 2 PROJECT OF PILMICO NUTRITION ANIMAL
CORPORATION.

FIELD SURVEY
Before construction can commence, a Site Survey will be performed to stake out the
existing structures, exact property lot boundary and grid lines of the project site, existing
roads, electrical cables, water lines with its service connections and access entryways from
public roads, etc.

A. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

a. INSURANCES
i. Surety Bond
ii. Performance Bond

b. MOBILIZATION AND DEMOBILIZATION

c. TEMPORARY FACILITY
Construct and maintain temporary facilities required for the project as
follows:
i. Field offices and bunkhouses
ii. Sanitary facilities
iii. Storage facilities for materials
iv. Access roads
v. Construction fence
vi. Project billboard
vii. Temporary utilities (water, electricity, communications)

d. PERMITS, INSURANCE AND BONDS:

Secure all necessary construction permits as follows:
i. Building and Occupancy Permits (If required)
ii. Telephone, Water and Electrical Connection Permits (If required)
iii. Environmental Compliance Certificate(If required)

B. SITE DEVELOPMENT

a. Clearing and Grubbing:

After the limits of work have been established, surface objects, trees and
other protruding obstructions not designated to remain will be cleared by bulldozers
or backhoe and disposed of at a designated disposal site using pay loader and dump
trucks.

PEREGRINE CONSTRUCTION AND MANAGEMENT L.L.C., INC.

RAO Bldg. 1925 MacArthur Blvd., Angeles City, Pampanga, Philippines 2009
WWW.PEREGRINEDC.COM
 b. Earthworks:
Excavation works using bulldozing equipment will then commence after the
lines and grades have been established. When there is a discrepancy on the actual
elevations and that shown on plans, a pre‐construction survey will be undertaken to
serve as basis for the computation of the actual volume of excavated materials.
Roadway excavation will be finished to reasonably smooth and uniform surface.
Suitable materials will be used as embankment and subgrade fill. Thereafter, all
unsuitable materials will be disposed of properly. Levelling of blocks using bulldozers
and road graders will be in accordance with the elevations shown on plans.

c. Sub‐grade Preparation:
After the necessary earthworks have been completed and all culverts cross
drains and waterline crossings have been installed, preparation of subgrade for
support of overlying structural layers will immediately commence. This preparation
will extend to the full width of the roadway which will include sidewalk, curb and
gutter. All soft and unsuitable materials that will not compact properly will be
immediately removed and replaced with suitable fill. Scarifying and blading using
road graders and rolling with vibratory rollers will then be conducted to thoroughly
compact and shape the cross section of the roadbed. To check the accuracy of the
work, templates and straight edges will be provided. Field density tests will be
conducted during this stage to determine the stability of the bed.

d. Aggregate Base Course:

The aggregate base course will be uniformly mixed and spread on the
prepared subgrade in accordance with the plan thickness. The moisture content of
the base material will be adjusted prior to compaction by watering, in order to obtain
the required degree of compaction. Vibratory and static rollers will be used. Along
curbs, headers and walls which will not be accessible to steel rollers, base material
will be compacted with tampers and portable compactors. Compaction of each layer
will continue until a field density of at least 98% of the maximum dry density is
achieved.

e. Sidewalk, Curbs and Gutters:

Concrete will not be placed until forms and rebar have been checked. Forms
for at least 50m will be checked for alignment and grade. Curbs and gutters
constructed on curves will have wood forms and will be finished to a smooth and
even surface and the edges rounded. Forms will be removed within 24 hours after
concreting. Minor defects will be retouched with mortar. The back of the curb shall
be filled with suitable materials when the concrete has set.

f. Concrete Pavement:
Concrete pavement shall be laid directly over compacted gravel base after
pouring of curbs and gutters. Where distance between curbs exceeds 4.00m, another
set of forms between curbs shall be required. Transit mixers shall be allowed to
directly pour concrete into the area.

C. SITEWORKS
a. Clearing and Grubbing
i. Clearing:
This consists of the filling, trimming and cutting of trees into sections
and the satisfactory disposal of the trees and other vegetation designated for
removal. Trees, stumps, roots, bush and other vegetation in areas to be
cleared shall be cut off flush to or below the original ground surface except
for trees and vegetation directed to be left standing.

ii. Grubbing:
This consists of the removal and disposal of roots larger than 75mm in
diameter, matted roots and stumps from the indicated grubbing areas. These
materials shall be excavated together with lugs, organic and metallic debris,
bush and refuse. These will be removed to a depth of not less than 450mm
below the original soil surface. Depression will be filled by grubbing with
suitable materials and compacted to conform to the adjacent ground surface.

iii. Disposal:
This consists of the removal of all trees, shrubs, stumps, bushes and
roots that were removed and shall be disposed of the property to designated
sites by any suitable means.

b. Demolition works
This involves the demolition and removal from the site an existing structure
and other obstructions present in the project site and are not being re‐used. Where
existing concrete on ground is to be demolished, all existing concrete will be removed
to a minimum depth of 600mm below grade.

c. Lay‐outing and Staking

This sets the boundaries of work. The building, driveways, parking areas,
fences and all other related structures included in the contract will be laid out and
staked. Lines, grades, elevations and benchmarks required for construction will be
established. All reference points will be marked for establishing lines, grades and
elevations.

d. Earthworks

i. Structure Excavation:
This shall be done to the depth indicated or as necessary to obtain the
required soil bearing values. All structural excavation shall extend a sufficient
distance from the walls or footings to allow for proper erection and
dismantling of forms, installation of utilities and inspection. In foundation
beds, final excavation to ground by hand shovels or machines equipped with
smooth edge bucket will be required to obtain undisturbed sub‐grade
foundation satisfactory to the project manager. This shall be inspected and
approved prior to concreting, installation of underground utilities and
backfilling. Surface drain water shall be kept from running into the excavated
 pit. Proper pumping equipment and drainage facilities shall be maintained at
all times during the excavation period to keep such excavations dry so as to
obtain a satisfactory foundation bed.

ii. Gravel Fill:

Foundation beds shall be filled with considerable amount of well‐
graded gravel to attain the required grade elevation. This shall not be less
than 100mm thick and tampered to compaction.

iii. Poisoning:
This should be applied using a low pressure coarse spray at the rate of
1 gallon per 10 sq.ft. At the time of treatment, the soil shall be preferably in
friable condition with low moisture content to allow uniform distribution of
chemicals. This should not be applied in conditions which can cause surface
run‐off to avoid environmental hazard.

iv. Structure Backfill:

After the removal of forms, all trash and other debris shall be removed
from the excavation. Backfilling shall be done using approved borrow
materials. Backfill in contact with new concrete shall not be placed until at
least 48 hours after the removal of forms and the concrete has been
inspected and found satisfactory. Filling materials shall be evenly spread in
horizontal layers not more than 200mm thick. Each layer shall be watered and
compacted to a density of at least 95% of maximum density at optimum
moisture.

D. CONCRETE WORKS

a. Mixing:
All structural concrete shall be mixed and delivered to site by transit mixers.
Each batch delivered at the jobsite shall be accompanied by a time slip issued at
the batching plant, bearing the time of departure. Discharge of concrete shall be
completed within an hour after the introduction of water to the mix.

b. Conveying:
Concrete shall be conveyed from the mixer to the forms as rapidly as possible
by proper methods which will not cause segregation or loss of ingredients or
aggregates. It shall be deposited as nearly as possible to its final position. At any
point in the conveying, the free vertical drop shall not exceed 1.00m. Conveying
equipment shall be thoroughly cleaned before each run. Concrete that has
segregated in the conveying process shall be disposed of.

c. Vibration:
All concrete with the exemption of slabs 100mm or less in depth, shall be
compacted with high frequency internal mechanical vibrator. Concrete slabs
100mm or less in depth shall be consolidated by wood tampers, spading and
settling with a heavy levelling straight edge. Vibration of forms and reinforcement
 shall not be employed except when required by the structural engineer. Vibration
shall be discontinued when the concrete ceases to decrease in volume.

d. Curing:
Concrete shall be protected adequately and shall not be allowed to dry out
from the time it is placed until the expiration of the minimum curing period.
Curing shall be accomplished by moist curing or by application of a liquid curing
compound.

e. Testing:
Concrete samples shall be taken at random throughout the pouring period.
Tests will be made at 7, 14 and 21 days from the time of molding. When a
satisfactory relationship between the 7 and 28 day strengths has been
established, the 7th day test result may be used as indicator of the 28th day
strength.

E. REINFORCING BARS

a. Cutting and fabrication:

All reinforcing bars shall be prepared free from rust, oil, grease and other
coatings that would reduce or destroy its bonding properties. Rebars will be cut and
fabricated using the necessary cutting outfits and bar benders that the engineer
permits.

b. Erection:
Reinforcement shall be placed accurately and securely. It shall be supported
by suitable spacers and hangers. On the ground or where subject to corrosion,
concrete or other suitable non‐corrodible materials shall be used for supporting
reinforcement. Splices shall be in accordance with the detailed drawings and
construction notes. Splices shall not be made on beams, girders and slabs at
points of maximum stress.

c. Testing:
Samples for different sizes of rebars shall be taken for every delivery. This
shall be submitted for testing to verify their conformity to the specifications.
Subsequent random testing shall be conducted throughout the construction
period.

F. FORMWORKS

a. Application:
Varied types of forms will be utilized to different structures whichever fit the
requirement. These are metal panels, phenolic panels and metal decking forms. For
stairs and other structures with complicated configurations wood and metal forms
will be used.

b. Installation:
 Metal panels and phenolic panels are keyed together by panel clips and
wedge pins consecutively. At foundations, these are supported by straight props to
maintain their vertical and horizontal alignment. For suspended structures these are
set on I‐beams supported in space by A‐frames with headers which match perfectly
with the I‐beams. Metal forms are keyed together by machine bolts and are
supported in the same manner as the metal panels. I‐beams/G.I. Pipes are set on
straight props with headers to provide lateral supports for whaler pipes supporting
metal decking and phenolic plywood which will be used for suspended slabs. Forms
are oiled before concrete pouring to keep them from bonding to the structure and
hasten the stripping process. These are thoroughly cleaned after stripping in
preparation for the consecutive uses.

G. MASONRY WORKS
a. Application:
6” CHB shall be used for exterior building walls and interior walls with
embedded pipes and other utilities. 4” CHB and Composite Wall by others shall
be used for all other partition walls.

b. Laying:
Concrete masonry units shall be laid following the progress of concrete
works. A thorough surface preparation shall be required prior to the laying of
CHB walls and partitions. These should be laid in a manner to preserve the
vertical continuity of cells filled with grout. Intersections shall be anchored by
reinforcing bars as indicated on the structural notes. Each unit shall be adjusted
to its final position while mortar is still soft. If any unit is disturbed after mortar
has stiffened, this will be re‐laid and replaced in new mortar.

c. Testing:
Samples shall be taken per delivery. These will be subjected to compression
test to verify their conformity to the specifications. No unit shall be allowed for
installation until satisfactory test results are presented.