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Now a days, multimedia applications use vast number of images. Large number of high quality
images requires high capacity mass storage devices and high transmission bandwidth if stored
and transmitted in uncompressed bit map form. Image compression technology allows
representing images with less data in order to save storage costs or transmission time and costs.

The digital image requires huge amount of space for the storage increasing the cost of
memory and the time required for the communication of large volume of data. To avoid these
overheads, compression techniques are employed. Data compression is the reduction or
elimination of redundancy in data representation, in order to reduce the storage and
communication costs. Basically the data compression techniques are broadly classified into two
categories: loss-less and lossy schemes.

In loss-less methods, the original data can be recovered exactly achieving a compression
ratio of about 3:1. These techniques are useful for text or medical image compression. The lossy
scheme allows recovering a closer approximation of the original data. Depending upon the
fidelity required compression ratios of even up to 100:1 could be obtained. This technique can be
used for image and audio compression.

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(Chandra shekar) (G.Sarat pavan)

  






The JPEG encoder described in this project works in sequential DCT based modes, one of four
available modes in JPEG coding scheme such as Sequential Encoding, Progressive Encoding,
Lossless Encoding, Hierarchical Encoding. This is the most commonly used mode in JPEG files.
JPEG compression is generally lossy, which means it doesn¶t reconstruct the original image bit
by bit. JPEG exploits known limitations of the human eye, notably the fact that small colour
changes or perceived less accurately than small changes in brightness. It is designed for
compressing either full colour or grayscale images of natural, real world scenes. JPEG works
well on photographs, naturalistic art work, and similar methods but not so well on lettering,
simple cartoons or line drawings







The compression ratio is equal to the size of the original image divided by the size of the compressed
image. This ratio gives how much compression is achieved for a particular image. The compression
ratio achieved usually indicates the picture quality. Generally, the higher the compression ratio, the
poorer the quality of the resulting image. The tradeoff between compression ratio and picture quality
is an important one to consider when compressing images. Some compression schemes produce
compression ratios that are highly dependent on the image content. This aspect of compression is
called data dependency. Using an algorithm with a high degree of data dependency, an image of a
crowd at a football game (which contains a lot of






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