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3-PHASE TRANSFORMERS
Nomenclature:
Yd5
U HV 3 × 4.44 N HV fΦ N
ϑYd = = = 3 HV = 3ϑz
U lv 4.44 N lv fΦ N lv
TR2- 3
ZIG-ZAG CONNECTED WINDING
Each phase winding is
divided into halves. The
circuit of one phase is a
connection of one half-
winding from one column
and reversed half-winding of
next column, and so on in
the same order.
Connection of neutral point
means that zig-zag is a
“star-type” connection
(interconnected star).
P2 80
P2 = 80 kW ; cosϕ 2 = 0.8 ⇒ S2 = = = 100 kVA
cos ϕ 2 0.8
S U1N
2
U 2 = U 2o 1 − 2 ∆U rN
SN U1
THREE-WINDING TRANSFORMERS
3-winding power
transformers are often
applied in power system
substations to provide the
supply of local receivers.
' '
Z 12 = Z 1 + Z 2 Z 1 = 1/ 2(Z 12 + Z 13 − Z 23 )
' ' '
Z 13 = Z 1 + Z 3 Z 2 = 1/ 2(Z 12 + Z 23 − Z 13 )
' ' ' ' '
Z 23 = Z 2 + Z 3 Z 3 = 1/ 2(Z 13 + Z 23 − Z 12 )
TR2- 7
PARALLEL OPERATION OF TRANSFORMERS
Connection of transformers
Example of two 1-phase transformers. The current to the busbars must be
circulating in the closed secondary circuit is zero made with the same polarity.
when:
EI=EII (ΣE=0)
SI S
We need: = NI
SII SNII
From the diagram of two simplified equivalent
circuits we have:
II Z
Z kI I I = Z kII I II and = kII
I II Z kI
Z kII U N
×
U N I NII
U N II I
= NII
U N I II Z kI U N
×
U N I NI
I NI
SI S Z SI S U
= NI × krII or = NI × krII
S II S NII Z krI S II S NII U krI
α = ΦI - ΦII = 0
RkI R
Φ kI = Φ kII ⇒ = kII
X kI X kII
Such equality of parameters’ ratios occurs for transformers not too much
different in size, not too much different in the value of nominal power.
In practice:
SNI
≤3
SNII