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Contact address: Richard G McGee, Institute of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The Children’s Hospital at Westmead, Locked Bag 4001,
Westmead, NSW, 2145, Australia. dr.richardmcgee@gmail.com.
Citation: Gluckman S, Karpelowsky J, Webster AC, McGee RG. Management for intussusception in children. Cochrane Database of
Systematic Reviews 2017, Issue 6. Art. No.: CD006476. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD006476.pub3.
Copyright © 2017 The Cochrane Collaboration. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
ABSTRACT
Background
Intussusception is a common abdominal emergency in children with significant morbidity. Prompt diagnosis and management reduces
associated risks and the need for surgical intervention. Despite widespread agreement on the use of contrast enema as opposed to
surgery for initial management in most cases, debate persists on the appropriate contrast medium, imaging modality, pharmacological
adjuvant, and protocol for delayed repeat enema, and on the best approach for surgical management for intussusception in children.
Objectives
To assess the safety and effectiveness of non-surgical and surgical approaches in the management of intussusception in children.
Search methods
We searched the following electronic databases: Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL; 2016, Issue 8) in the
Cochrane Library; Ovid MEDLINE (1950 to September 2016); Ovid Embase (1974 to September 2016); Science Citation Index
Expanded (via Web of Science) (1900 to September 2016); and BIOSIS Previews (1969 to September 2016).
We examined the reference lists of all eligible trials to identify additional studies. To locate unpublished studies, we contacted content
experts, searched the World Health Organization International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (ICTRP) and ClinicalTrials.gov
(September 2016), and explored proceedings from meetings of the British Association of Paedatric Surgeons (BAPS), the American
Soceity of Pediatric Surgery, and the World Congress of Pediatric Surgery.
Selection criteria
We included all randomised controlled trials comparing contrast media, imaging modalities, pharmacological adjuvants, protocols
for delayed repeat enema, and/or surgical approaches for the management of intussusception in children. We applied no language,
publication date, or publication status restrictions.
Data collection and analysis
Two review authors independently conducted study selection and data extraction and assessed risk of bias using a standardised form.
We resolved disagreements by consensus with a third review author when necessary. We reported dichotomous outcomes as risk ratios
(RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). We analysed data on an intention-to-treat basis and evaluated the overall quality of evidence
supporting the outcomes by using GRADE criteria.
Management for intussusception in children (Review)
Copyright © 2017 The Cochrane Collaboration. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Main results
We included six randomised controlled trials (RCTs) with a total of 822 participants. Two trials compared liquid enema reduction plus
glucagon versus liquid enema alone. One trial compared liquid enema plus dexamethasone versus liquid enema alone. Another trial
compared air enema plus dexamethasone versus air enema alone, and two trials compared use of liquid enema versus air enema.
We identified only sparse information on intraoperative and postoperative complications and on other adverse events.
Quality of the evidence
Of the six trials identified, we considered all to be potentially biased owing to lack of detail in reporting of how each study was
undertaken. We found lack of consistency in how outcomes were defined and measured. All included studies were subject to serious
concerns of imprecision based on few events, wide confidence intervals,or high risk of bias, Overall, we concluded that the quality of
evidence provided by these studies was low, and that the real effects may differ significantly from those noted in these studies.
Further research is needed to help doctors better understand the most effective way to manage intussusception in children.