Course Code Course Title L T P J C

ECE4001 DIGITAL COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS 3 0 2 0 4

Prerequisite: ECE3001 – Analog Communication Systems

Course Objectives:
• To recognise the basic concept of digital communication blocks
• To understand the performance of different types of encoding schemes such as temporal
waveform coding and power spectral density of different signaling schemes.
• Illustrate the role of ISI in base band reception techniques and show the working of correlation
receiver and matched filter.
• Illustrate the spread spectrum and multiple access techniques

Expected Course Outcome:

The students will be able to
• Analyse the performance of digital communication systems at baseband and pass band level.
• Choose the appropriate modulation techniques based on their error performance and data
rates.
• Select the suitable line code and waveform coding schemes based on the type of application.

Student Learning Outcomes (SLO): 1,2,14

Module:1 Sampling & Quantization: 4 hours SLO: 1

Model of digital communication system – Review of sampling – Quantization – Uniform & non-
uniform quantization.

Module:2 Waveform Coding Techniques: 5 hours SLO: 2

Pulse Code Modulation – Quantization noise and signal to quantization noise ratio – Companding
(A law and µ law) - Delta modulation.

Module:3 Line Codes: 6 hours SLO: 2

Representation of Line Codes – Properties and applications of Line codes – Power Spectral Density
of NRZ unipolar, NRZ Polar, NRZ Bipolar and Manchester.

Module:4 Baseband System: 7 hours SLO: 2

Inter Symbol Interference – Nyquist criterion for distortion less transmission – Raised cosine
spectrum – Correlative coding – Eye pattern – Equalization.

Module:5 Bandpass System-I: 8 hours SLO: 2

Gram-Schmidt orthogonalization procedure – Correlation Receiver – QAM- Generation and
Detection of Coherent system (BASK, BFSK, BPSK, QPSK, MSK) – Error performance.

Module:6 Bandpass System-II: 6 hours SLO: 2

Matched Filter – Generation and Detection of Non-Coherent System –DPSK, FSK and its Error
performance.
Module:7 Spread Spectrum Techniques & Multiple Access 7 hours SLO: 2
Techniques
Generation of PN Sequence and its properties – Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum –Processing Gain
– Probability of Error – Anti jam Characteristics – Frequency Hopped Spread Spectrum – Slow and
Fast frequency hopping –multiple access techniques TDMA, FDMA, CDMA

Module:8 Contemporary Issues 2 hours

Total Lecture Hours: 45 hours

Text Books:
1. Simon Haykin, “Digital Communications”, 2014, John Wiley, India.

Reference Books:
1. John.G. Proakis, “Digital Communication”, 2014, 5th Edition, Pearson Education, Noida, India.
2. Herbert Taub and Donald L Schilling,” Principles of Communication Systems”, 2012, dition)”,
Tata McGraw Hill, New Delhi.
3. Bernard Sklar, “Digital Communications: Fundamentals and Applications”, 2016, 2nd Edition,
Prentice Hall, New Jersey, US.

Mode of Evaluation: Continuous Assessment Test –I (CAT-I), Continuous Assessment Test –II
(CAT-II), Digital Assignments/ Quiz / Completion of MOOC, Final Assessment Test (FAT).

Sl.No. List of Challenging Experiments (Indicative): SLO: 14

SOFTWARE BASED TASKS
Software Tool: MATLAB
1 Task 1:Simple digital communication system 2 hours
Simulate a simple communication system which transmits a text message
from the source to the destination. Also observe signals at different points
of this communication system.
2 Task 2:Coding for analog sources 4 hours
Consider the given analog audio signal. Convert the analog input signal into
binary sequence using
i. Pulse code modulation (PCM)
ii. Differential pulse code modulation (DPCM)
iii. Delta Modulation (DM)
iv. Adaptive delta modulation (ADM)
Also construct the stair-case approximated signal from the received binary
sequence using above mentioned decoding schemes.
In DM, analyse the impact of step size and sampling period on the stair case
reconstruction.
3 Task 3:Line coding 4 hours
 Write a code which uses the below mentioned line coding techniques to
generate the baseband signal for the given text message. Also transmit the
generated base band signal through AWGN channel. Analyse the effect of
channel noise on the reconstructed signal.
i. Unipolar
ii. Polar
iii. Bipolar
iv. Differential coding (Mark and Space)

4 Task 4:Band-pass Modulation 4 hours

Write a code which uses below mentioned band pass modulation techniques
to generate the modulated signal for the given text message. Transmit the
modulated signal through AWGN channel. Detect transmitted message using
the suitable rules. Plot the necessary graphs.
i. BASK
ii. BPSK
iii. BFSK
iv. DPSK

5 Task 5:Probability of error analysis 2 hours

i. Consider the bit sequence of length 10,000. Modulate it with BPSK,
BASK, BFSK. Transmit the signal through AWGN channel. Vary
the SNR. Compare the theoretical and simulated probability of error.
ii. Consider the bit sequence of length 10,000. Modulate it with BPSK,
QPSK and 8-PSK. Transmit the signal through AWGN channel.
Vary the SNR. Compare the theoretical and simulated probability of
error.

6 Task 6:Spread spectrum 4 hours

Write a code to complete the following task:
i. For the given connection logic and the number of flip flops, generate
the pseudo-noise (PN) sequence. Check whether the given
connection logic is primitive or not using periodicity property.
ii. For the generated PN sequence, verify
a) Balance property
b) Run property
c) Auto-correlation property
iii. Use the generated PN sequence to get direct sequence spread
spectrum (DSSS) (Assume BPSK modulation). Construct a simple
transceiver chain.
iv. Use the generated PN sequence to get slow and fast frequency hopped
signals (Assume M-FSK modulation). Construct a simple transceiver
chain.

Task 7:Multiple Access 4 hours

 Consider 4 users with different data. Use the following multiple
access schemes to generate the composite signal. Use the
orthogonality property to get back the proper data at the receiver end.
Multiple access schemes:
i. TDMA (Hint: Use GSM burst format)
ii. CDMA (Hint: Use Hadamard codes)
iii. OFDMA (Hint: Use IEEE 802.11 a specifications)

HARDWARE BASED TASKS

8 Task 8: Generation and detection of ASK,FSK and PSK 2 hours

Build the transceiver circuit for ASK,FSK and PSK scheme
9 Task 9: Implementation of QPSK modulation 2 hours
Build the transceiver chain for the QPSK scheme. Observe signals at
different points of communication system.
10 Task 10: Adaptive linear Equalizer 2 hours
Build the transceiver chain for adaptive linear equalizer and discuss the RRC
pulse generation and LMS rule.
Total Laboratory Hours: 30 hours

Mode of Evaluation: Continuous Assessment of Challenging experiments / Final Assessment Test

(FAT).