Final Payroll Project Report1

Project Abstract
The proposed “Payroll System” is aimed at providing all necessary

computer facilities for any type of operation going on in an office. It
computerizes each and every step involved in office system. This new
system is a user friendly and interactive. It deals with all types of
transactions, which are very necessary for the smooth running of an
organization. In this project all aspects from the user’s point of view are
considered so that every user can interact with this project very easily. It is
tried to originate appropriate and good environment in which a user can
handle the whole database very efficiently and conveniently. These fields
generates large amount of information, which would be very useful for the
user who interacts with it.
One security basis, an authorization system is included. Under this,
a user will be authorized to access information contained within the
database Administrator. For example, a user must have user id & password
to be authorized. When a user enters the user id & password, then that
user id and password is matched with the user id and password already
stored in the database. In this way the data can be kept more secure &
safe.
The new system is designed in such a way that every user can adapt
himself/herself in a very easy and effortless way. By adding constraints in
the database, some rules are enforced for the user to enter valid or
acceptable data. In this way it prevents the authorized user from entering
the wrong and invalid data. Likewise data constraints play a vital and
indispensable Role in maintaining and preserving all the transactions.
In this new system, any type of information related to transactions can be
obtained at any time using insert, User has to enter only one primary value
of transaction for which he wants to seek some information. Similarly the
information of a customer contained in the database can be obtained by
choosing customer id or name only.
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Payroll System
In case, an existing user needs help on any topic related to project or
a new user wants to know anything about the project, a help field is
provided which contains all type of help related to the project like how to
add a new record, how to edit an existing record etc.
College Profile
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Payroll System
This college is an inevitable part of prestigious Apeejay Education
Society. Established way back in 1982, Apeejay College of Fine Arts.
Started as college of fine arts, it soon launched a number of

professional courses. The college, from its very establishment has excelled
in its purpose of imparting quality education. Every since this college has
provided the society with quality citizens.
Students of this college have excelled not only academics but also in
sports, music, theatre and other co-curricular activities achieving heights.
The college has seen university toppers, best dancers, best singers, actors
and actresses, musicians, painters, sculptors and achievers in all fields of
education.
The college provides its students with state of the art facilities. The
laboratories are equipped with latest equipments with uninterrupted
supply of power and other needed items. The computer laboratory is
equipped with good latest hardware and software. The photography
laboratory is equipped with scanners and high quality printers. The home
science, music, dance, fine arts and the designing laboratories are provided
with best possible instruments.
The college also provides for various seminars guest lectures and
other events of carrier orientation from time to time for the proper guidance
of the students.
Apart from the regular classes, the college also holds vocational
classes for music, dance, etc. The college also encourages participation of
its students in various art workshops. The college has seen students being
selected for workshops at national and even at the international levels.
For all the facilities provided by the college counted amongst the best
institutions in the city.
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System Study
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In system study we study the existing system and new proposed
system. In system study we study that what are the drawbacks, and
limitations exist. What are the needs of the existing system? And also study
what is the new proposed system, and how new proposed system removes
the limitations and drawbacks of the existing system. In this section we
study the advantages of the new proposed system.
Existing system
This Organization is maintaining most of their day-to-day

transactions data in the registers (i.e. manually). The employees of the
Apeejay College of fine arts are doing the whole work manually. All the
work is done manually (i.e. maintained in registers) so different employees
are appointed for the maintenance of registers containing all the
information related to the organization.
It is very time consuming and is also not error free in some

situations. In existing manual system databases calculations are difficult to
perform so report generation as very much difficult.
Drawbacks of Existing System
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Payroll System
Generally whenever we implement a new system it is developed to
eliminate the shortcomings of an existing system. The computerized system
has more edge over the manual system. It is because of accuracy, high
speed, quick result, diligence etc.
The existing system is totally based on manual system. Existing

system has many drawbacks in comparison of computerized system. Some
of the main drawbacks of existing system are: -
1. Time Consuming: High time consumption is the main weakness of

the existing system. A lot of time is wasted in searching records from
different files, which resulted in loss of time, and moreover workload
also increases. Also a lot of time is wasted in duplicating the same
entries in different registers. The overall checking of the records and
modifications if necessary has to be made at several places which is
time consuming and error prone
2. Service and Working Conditions: With the unusual delay due to

various reasons (such as non-availability of record or absence of an
employee etc) the customer suffers a lot. Without any firm reason he
has to wait which disfigures the working conditions.
3. Difficulties in Retrieving Information: Sometimes, to get any of

any type of instant information more than one document needs to be
searched. This requires the opening of both files and then combining
the information to get the required information. Further the files may
not be indexed according to the need, which causes difficulty in
retrieving information.
4. Difficulties in Debugging: If an error is detected in recorded

information the manual system requires many files or registers to be
searched to correct the information.
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5. Difficult for the Top Management to analyze data: Top
management faces lots of problems to know about the details of the
Current Transactions, Current Bookings, Current Cancellation and
Employee as all is maintained at the lower level. Except for the media
and their reliable resources they have nobody to ask about the
current outputs and the overall results to be generated along with
the reports at the end of the year.
6. Not Easy to understandable by new user: To understand the

manual system the user have to get more practice and have a grape
all fields that help by other employee and have to be in contact with
that person. If the person was in leave the user can get the
information from him.
7. Need more space to store: Here by using the paperwork system the
user need to maintain all the documents in proper way to avoid the
difficulty in action and need more space to store these documents
because they can’t destroy the old documents.
8. Very Expensive: The existing manual system is very expensive

method as lot of paper work has to be done and lot of wastage of
manpower, which increase the expanses of existing system.
9. Data sharing: The different user in the different department cannot

share data simultaneously.
10. Security: Security feature are not prominent in the existing system.
Need For a New System

To enhance the working of the Apeejay College of fine arts, which was
completely handled manually, the improvement was thought on the basis
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of computerizing the major activities. The following factors were foreseen
for the improvisation:
1. Identify the Opportunity to Improve Business Functions: It has

been identified that computerization process is necessity and what
business benefits can be derived by implementing this improvement.
It will lead to better transaction handling in terms of speed, reliability
and accuracy.
2. Improves Services and Working Conditions: To improve the

working conditions of existing system in every parts of Tour & Travel
Org. Customer services are need to improve to a greater extent.
3. User friendly: To make the system user friendly this system using
window as its run time environment and is developed using Visual
Studio 2008, which is very user-friendly rapid application developed
tool. Because in the existing system register work was very difficult to
handled by each user and was boring job.
4. Data Security: The proposed will also prevent unauthorized access
to the system. At the very beginning, the user name and password is
to be entered by the user and if it is correct only then the permission
to use the software is given to user. There are different users
according to different roles and one user can’t use the resources
given to another user.
5. Data Redundancy: - The data is stored only once which can be
accessed by any one at any time and at any place. So it can be
minimized but can not be removed completely.
6. Easy to Access: - In this database project, data can be easily access
through computer networking.
7. Cost Reduction: - It requires less amount of Cost as compared to
existing system.
8. Time & Efforts Reduction: - It requires less amounts of time and
efforts.
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9. Security mechanism: - Database can be secured by applying
password, encryption and decryption techniques.
10. Concurrency Control: - This Database provides mechanisms to
provide concurrent access and ensure the correctness of the data.
11. Provides backup and Recovery:- It provides scheme such as
recovery and backup from the failures including disk crash, power
failures, software errors which may help the database to recover from
inconsistent state top state that existed prior to the occurrence of the
failure, though methods are very complex.
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Introduction to Payroll System
A user friendly GUI (Graphical User Interface) based software
“Payroll System” has been developed for Apeejay College of Fine Arts of
jalandhar city, keeping in view the requirements of employees to prepare
salary. The objective of the project was to computerize the payroll system
which was earlier being handled manually every precaution has been taken
at each process involved in the complex task of salary preparation. By
computerization it implies that all process handling is entirely being done
by computer. All the records necessary for the processes involved in the
salary calculation are stored in a computer based record keeping system
using a back-end tool. All the processes handling is done at the front-end
by using a front-end. The project provides ample facilities to its users. The
most important of the facilities are the report generation and printing
which provides user with the hard copies of the data also.
Features:
 Preparation of salary.
 Printing of Windows Based user friendly software.
 Maintenance of rich electronic records of employees available
at station.
 Pay bills/Pay slips.
 Attendance record.
 Tax calculation.
 Various security features with the help of passwords.
 Standard report generation.
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Proposed System
This consists of Payroll System. All these transactions need to be

carefully understood and taken into consideration. The system also
contains a lot of data redundancy at various stages. One of the objectives of
the new system would be to stores data in an efficient and non-redundant
form and hence increase overall efficiency of the system. The new system
should ensure of simple and easy data entry procedures through suggestive
looking form. There are quite a number of lengthy calculations being done
on the acquired data. These calculations should be thoroughly understood.
The new system should be able to perform all these calculations
automatically and efficiently.
Numerous kinds of queries are done on large amounts of

accumulated data, to find out the desired data. The new system should
provide efficient, simple, fast and smarter procedures for retrieval of
exhaustive types of data from the database.
Finally, there are quite a number of reports that are generated during
the normal working of the system. Each of these required reports should be
understood very carefully and the new system shall provide easy and
efficient methods for generation of these reports.
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Payroll System
Working
The working of the project is based on payroll system for performing
its working it use Visual Basic.NET as a front-end and Oracle 8i as a back-
end. In which user perform all its functions in Visual Basic.NET
environment and all database stores in the database oracle. This proposed
system reserve the ticket on request of the user and also refund the
unconfirmed orders after lasing the commission them. All the calculations
are automatically and efficiently performed.
The new computerized system has an edge over the manual system.
The beneficial features of new computerized system are the following:
1. Improves Services and Working Conditions: The proposed system

improves the existing working conditions in each step of inventory
control system Customer services are improved to a greater extent.
The whole process is very easy and efficient.
2. User Friendly: The new system is using windows as its run time
environment and is developed using Visual Basic.NET which is very
user friendly rapid application development tool. The new system is
totally graphical and user just has to select his desired option and
the next step will be taken immediately and automatically by the
system.
3. Less Time Consumption: Another aspect of system, which will
reduce the time consumption, is its speed. The speed of system is
measured in terms of response time i.e. the time it takes to respond
to user’s request. Computer is an electronic device which can
manipulate, modifies, retrieve and store information very speedily so
it will be able to report within a fraction of time.
4. Reduced Storage Space: On more important feature of the new
system is the reduction of physical storage covered by the existing
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system. In new system records will be residing in the computer’s
memory, which is large storage capacity and can be extended further.
5. Coordination of Data Tables: The user was in trouble while
combining figures from different files or registers to find out
information and to prepare reports. This trouble will not occur in new
system as the data from different tables will be combined internally
and the prepared reports will be presented to user on screen and
printer.
6. Minimizing Errors: The project will also eliminate the creeping in of
unintentional errors due to which the system leads to insufficient.
The new system will be prepared under all the restrictions of the
present system. Whenever the user will attempt any error the new
system will respond to it displaying a diagnostic on the screen.
7. Data Security: The proposed will also prevent unauthorized access
to the system. At the very beginning, the user name and password is
to be entered by the user and if it is correct only then the permission
to use the software is given to user. There are different users
according to different roles and one user can’t use the resources
given to another user.
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Objective/Advantages of New System:
To overcome these above stated limitations in the Payroll System,

we propose a new system that is computerized system of “Payroll System”.
The proposed system would store all the information captured in different
registers that will be linked with each other and will provide direct and
immediate access. Using a computerized system, we will do storing of data.
All the addition, deletion, modification, printing will be done through
computer for faster accessing. This proposed system would set free from all
the burdens mentioned in limitations of existing system.
1. Fast and Efficient: As compared to existing manual system, in

proposed system the user can get the information fast, easily and
efficiently from the computer since information is a single click away
from the user.
2. Reliable and Accurate: As in proposed system the information is

stored and processed in computers so that data will be more reliable
and accurate.
3. Centralized Data: In the existing system most of data records are

kept in registers and some data are maintained in Microsoft Excel
due to this system the placement of the data is not at one particular
place. But in proposed system each and every record is maintained
on computer, which leads to the centralization of data and every user
which have the access to system can retrieve the data at ease.
4. Low Operation and Maintenance Cost: The proposed system is not

very costly as it doesn’t includes many costs and overhead expenses
like file management, stationary charges etc.
5. Non-Redundant Information: As in proposed system data

maintained on the computers so inconsistency doesn’t occurs
whichever leads to problem like duplication of data. As in our project
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most of the inventory codes are Auto Generated hence there is no
chance of duplication of the master records.
6. User Friendly: Proposed system is very user friendly. We have

applied many check and balances (i.e. validation rules) in the
proposed system so that a less knowledgeable person can also enter
the data error free and at an ease.
7. Easy to Access: As compared to existing system, in proposed system

the user can easily and efficiently access the information from the
computer only if the user is given the right of the same. In the
proposed system we have used the concept of level of access. We
have created the users to access the database. So depending upon
the type of hierarchy we can assign different rights for the user.
8. No Documentation: As everything is stored on the computer so

there is any need of documentation or maintaining the files or
registers.
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Feasibility Study
Feasibility study is carried out to test if the proposed system is worth
being implemented. Given unlimited resources and infinite time, all
projects are feasible. Unfortunately, such projects and time is not possible
real situations. Hence it becomes both necessary and prudent to evaluate
the feasibility of the project at earliest passable time in order to avoid
unnecessary wastage of time. Feasibility study is test of the system
proposed regarding its workability, impact on tour and travels ability to
meet user needs and effective use of resources.
Feasibility study has five primary areas which are characterized by

the acronym TELOS
T - Technical Feasibility
E - Economic Feasibility
O - Operational Feasibility
COST ESTIMATION
The net cost saving for reuse is estimated, by projecting the cost of
the project. If project it was developed from scratch and subtracting the
sum of the cost associated with reuse and the actual cost of the software
has delivered, can be determined by applying one or more of the estimation
techniques and the proposed project support all this technique like domain
analysis and modeling and enhancement of reuse components ray ties and
lioness for the externally acquired components, the proposed project is cost
efficient because any organization can save their expense by using my
project. Earlier they used a manual system where they wasted lot of time,
and there was paper work. Hence the proposed project is very cost efficient
because it will help to save from manual costs overcome economical
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TECHNICAL FEASIBILITY
Whether the proposed information system can be implemented with
the available hardware, software, technical resources, and human
resource. The proposed project is technically feasible because all the
required resources are easily available in the market at very low cost. The
management provides all latest hardware and software facilities for the
success completion of the project.
The proposed system full fills the requirement of the Apeejay College
of fine arts, jalandhar. The software developed by using Visual Basic.NET
and Oracle 8i. Which is available at very low cost in the market? The
building technique of the project is also not too complicated. Hence
technical feasibility is the some difficult area to assess at the earliest stages
of the system development process. Therefore the process of analysis and
definition of the proposed system was conducted in parallel with the
assessment of technical feasibility.
ECONOMIC FEASIBILITY
Whether the benefits of the proposed information system outweigh

the costs. The proposed project is economical feasible because all the
required resources are easily available in the market at very low cost and
any organization can easily purchase this required resources at their
suitable cost and assembled it. No extra economical burden will on the on
the organization.
Here the benefits accrued from the new system are more than the
cost involved in its development as everything is related to money. Cost
involved in developing the whole system is analyzing and design,
Programming cost, Stationary and miscellaneous expenses, Operational
cost.
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There are sufficient benefits in the system to make the cost
acceptable. Usually cost benefits analysis is made to find the savings or the
extra overheads that would arise new development. It is normal for every
origination to choose a system development only if there is a reduction with
respect to the time and cost overheads.
Operational Feasibility
Whether the proposed solution is desirable within the existing

managerial and organizational framework and culture. This project is
operational feasible because it easily handled all operations of the
organization, which is required by the user. In the existing system, it is
very difficult to maintain huge amount of data. The development of new
system was started because of the requirement put to forward by the
management of the concerned department. All the transactional operations
handled successfully in the new system with in very sort of time. So it is
sure that the system development is operationally feasible.
Study is a preferred conceptual solution together with expected cost

and benefits. It also includes a more detailed specification of what the new
system requires.
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System Analysis
ANALYSIS
Analysis is a detailed study of the various operations performed by a
system and there relationship within and outside of the system. A key
question is: What must be done to solve the problem? One aspect of
analysis is defining the boundaries of the system and determining whether
or not a candidate system should consider other related systems. During
analysis data are collected on the available files, decision points and
transactions handled by the present system. Some logical system models
and tools are used in analysis are data flow diagrams, interviews, on-sight
observations and questionnaires etc. The interview is a commonly used tool
in analysis. It requires special skills and sensitivity to the subjects being
interviewed. Bias in data collection and interpretation can be a problem.
Training, experience and common sense are required for collection of the
information needed to do the analysis.
Once analysis is completed, the analyst has a firm understanding of

what is to be done. The next step is to decide how the problem might be
solved. Thus, in system design, we move from the logical to the physical
aspect of the life cycle.
PROBLEM UNDERSTANDING
One of the most difficult tasks is developing a clear in depth of the

problem being investigated, without which it becomes impossible to specify
the requirements for a new project with any accuracy. In the manual
system the main problem was to understand the large and typical database
and short form of information about any Student and Teacher.
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Several questions should be proposed for this as: -
1. What is the problem?

In the manual system large amount of data handle is very difficult. It
is difficult to access the required data from saved registers. And also
large amount of data is very difficult store.
2. What are its causes?
Due to store the data in large registers in manual system no body
can search and easily access the records of the student or teacher at
a time. In manual system records war search one by one that were
very time consuming.
3. Why is it important that the problem be solved?
The main point of view to solve the problems to change the manual
system is fulfilling the required of the Management. Because
nowadays very large amount of data need to be transferred.
4. What are the possible solutions to the problem?
The solution of this problem is developed the computerized version of
the manual system, which is less time consuming, and easy to
handle.
5. What types of benefits are expected once the problem is solved?
Once the above all problems solved. The new system should fulfill all
the requirement of the Management. And improves the working of
the Management, and all transactions can be easily maintains.
It takes considerable skill to determine the true cause of a system’s

problem with knowledge of the cause of the problem, it can be diagnosed
by it characteristics. After identification of the problem a general direction
or a method for solving the problem will be determined. There are some
problems, which are being faced by the college management.
The major problem that the college is facing is that all the work is
done manually. Due to this a large amount of time is wasted, there can be
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some errors which may creep in. Besides this it is also required to store all
the information in the form of some files or registers, but because of such
storage some more problems are faced. One such problem is query passing.
It is a length and tedious process if there is a need to find some information
regarding a student or a teacher.
After identification of the problem a general direction or a method for

solving the problem will be determined.
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Requirement Specification
Requirement analysis is the first logical and technical step in the

software engineering process. It’s at this juncture that a general statistic of
software scope is redefined into a concrete significance that becomes the
foundation of all software engineering activities that follows.
For gathering information, there is a need to interact with the system

users i.e. the people who directly or indirectly influence the system
requirements like end users, employees, customer etc. But they can make
unrealistic or conflicting demands, so these conflicts must be solved before
proceeding with the system design implementations.
A software requirement specification is obtained as a sequence of

analysis. Validation is necessary to ensure that the developer and customer
have the same perception of the system. Unfortunately, changing
requirements are a problem even for the best analysis method. The
software will be developed keeping in mind the following:
Requirements Specification
The proposed project full fill all the requirement of the user although
it related to booking of the tickets or with calculations and it also provides
all the necessary features which is needed by the user of the software It is
a structured, precise document, which defines each and every system
service and constraint in detail. It may also be known as the functional
specification and is generally used as basis for a contract between the user
and the software developer.
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Functional Requirements
The proposed project fulfills all the functional requirements of the
organization. These are those requirements that define the functionality of
the software system. Like Result of a Student, Attendance of a teacher,
making report Card of a student. They are descriptions of the project
functions.
Non-Functional Requirements
These are those requirements that place a constraint under the
system operates for example response time or on the development process
such as the choice of the programming language.
CONSTRAINTS
The company functions manually. This system has a lot of problems as the
work done is very time consuming and sometimes errors also creep in. so
there was an urgent need to develop a system, which is simple, error free
and suits the working of the institution. The software “Payroll System” is
such software, which will serve to these purposes. Constraints are
validations, which are used to check that the software is working properly.
The software also has some constraints, which make it a successful
application.
There are some constraints which are given below
1) Time constraints.
2) Economical constraints.
3) Technical constraints.
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1. Time: Time constraints is a deadline, the use of deadlines in real-
Time computing is a relatively recent small fraction of the overall
development of project. Before reaching deadline it is difficult to
develop the perfect project. Time also effect the process of developing
the project because in the given limited time period some
requirements features can’t developed. I have developed this project.
In given time period. It is difficult to develop the each and every
required feature of the project. Hence we can say that the time is the
main constraints in developing the project.
2. Economical constraints: Economical constraints also is also a great

hindrance in developing the project, because due to economical
constraints each and every required hardware and software not
available at time and hence the developer of the is not able to
developed the all required features in the project. Due to the
economical problem in the organization, organization does not able to
pay the required amount of the project and hence developer of the
project does not develop the full efficient project. Hence we can say
that economical constraints puts bad effect in developing project.
3. Technical constraints: Technical constraints are a very big problem

in developing the project. Because in available technology you have
to develop the project. Due to the shortage of technical knowledge
some time in developing the project problems are occurred and that
put bad effects. Technical constraints are effect affect mostly
designing phase, coding phase, and implement phase of the project.
Also if the developer of the project is not technical of high level then it
will effect during the development of the project. Hence we can say
that technical constraints are also effect at very large instant.
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Design Phase
The purpose of the design phase is to plan a solution of the problem

specified by the requirement document. System design is most creative
phase of the system development. The term design describes a final system
and the process it is developed.
This phase is the first step in moving from the problem domain to the
solution domain. In other words, starting with what is needed; design takes
towards how to satisfy the needs. The design of a system is the most
critical factor affecting the quality of package to be developed. System
design has major impact on the later phases, particularly testing and
maintenance. The System design includes the construction of programs
and program testing. The key question of System design is how problems
lies in the project solved. With the help of the flow charts we have
represented the design of the software system that is developing.
The purpose of the design phase was to plan a solution of the

problem specified by the requirements of document. This phase is the first
step in moving from the problem domain to the solution domain. The
design of the system is perhaps the most critical factor affecting the quality
of the software.
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System Design
The development of the Transaction Control Software consisted of

studying of the existing manual system and developing an efficient
computerized system that emphasizes on easy storage and retrieval of data
in the database.
The new system should ensure of simple and easy data entry
procedures through suggestive looking form. There are quite a number of
lengthy calculations being done on the acquired data. These calculations
should be thoroughly understood. The new system should be able to
perform all these calculations automatically and efficiently.
There are quite a number of reports that are generated during the
normal working of the system. Each of these required reports should be
understood very carefully and the new system shall provide easy and
efficient methods for generation of these reports.
Moreover, the new system should provide a very easy to use
interface, so that user should feel at home throughout the working of the
system.
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Platform Used
HARDWARE REQUIREMENT
Hardware is the term given to the machinery itself and to the various
individual pieces of equipment. It refers to the physical devices of a
computer system. Thus, the input, storage processing control and the
output devices are hardware.
Following are the minimum hardware and software specifications that are
required for efficient performance of the system. Using a higher
configuration than specified below can enhance the system performance
further:
HARDWARE SPECIFICATIONS
 CPU Intel Pentium IV 1.80 GHz or higher

 RAM 1 GB (for best performance)
 Keyboard 105 Standard keys
 Hard disk 10GB or higher free space
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SOFTWARE REQUIREMENT
Software means a collection of program where the objective is to enhance

the capabilities of the hardware machine. The following defines the software
of the proposed system developments:
Software Specification
 Operating System Window 98

 Visual Basic.NET 2008
 Oracle 8i
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Design Tools
BACK-END TOOL
ORACLE 8i
A database management system (DBMS) is a collection of interrelated

data and a set of program to access those data. The collection of data,
referred to as the database, contains information Relevant to an enterprise.
The primary goal of the DBMS is to provide Way to store and retrieve
database information that is both Convenient and efficient.
Database systems are designed to manage large bodies of information.

Management of data involves both defining structures for storage of
information and providing mechanisms for the manipulation of the
information. In addition, the database system must ensure the safety of the
information stored, despite system crashes or attempts of unauthorized
access. If data has to be shared among several users: the system must
avoid possible anomalous results.
LANGUAGES USED IN ORACLE8i
SQL: SQL (Structured Query Language) is a query language. It can define

the structure of the data, modify data in the database and specify security
constraints. SQL is a simple and powerful database access language and
the standard language for relational database management system. SQL
uses a combination of relational calculus constructs all the operations
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made to the data in an oracle database are performed using SQL
declaration. SQL declarations are divided in to following:
1. DDL
2. DML
3. DCL
4. TRANSACTION CONTROL DECLRATION
5. SESSION CONTROL DECLERATION
6. SYSTEM CONTROL DECLERATION
7. BUILT-IN SQL DECLERATION
8. TRANSACTION CONTROL DECLRATION
ADVANTAGES OF ORACLE:
1. The Decision Support Arena
Decisions support systems, referred to as DSS, are playing a large role

Acquisition Of the express product line of decision support tools, and the
business View-centric Oracle Discoverer product, Oracle has itself well
positioned for the Future and present of the system market
2. Management of Large Volume of Data
Oracle has been paying significant attention to the management of large

Volume of data.
3. Security Mechanism
Users are given rights to view, modify, and create data according to the
Names. They use to connect to the database. Customer uses these
mechanisms to ensure. Those specified users get to see sensitive data.
4. Backup and Recovery
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Payroll System
Oracle provides sophisticated backup and recovery routines. Backup
Creates a secondary copy of Oracle data; recovery restores a copy of data
from that backup.
5. Open Connectivity
Oracle provides open connectivity to and from other vendor’s software.

Using the Oracle Access Manager, installations can easily integrate their
diverse corporate systems running on a range of different vendor’s
products.
6. Development Tools
The Oracle server, commonly referred to as the database engine,

supports a Wide range of development tools and, end users query tools,
off-the-shelf applications and office-wide information management tools.
7. Data Accessibility
Oracle provides utilities for backing up the data. It also provides data
Integrity. If, while a user is changing data within an Oracle database, a
Failures of any sort Happens, the database has the capability to undo or
Rollback any suspect transaction.
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Payroll System
FRONT-END TOOLS
Visual Basic.NET
Visual basic.NET is the latest incarnation of the world’s most popular

computer programming language, and it brings a lot of new features to the
table. This new things called “dot.net” is a revolutionary change from
Visual Studio 6.0 (which included Visual Basic 6.0). Visual Basic .NET is
not “Visual Studio 7.0” as you might think. On the contrary, it is a new
product developed from scratch, not tied to the previous version (and not
entirely compatible either). In a sense, you might think of this as a whole
new product line starting at version 1.0—but that’s only partially true. The
people who created Visual Basic .NET took all of the favorite features of
Visual Basic 6.0 and the features of a dozen other popular language, and
crammed all of this new goodness into a single new development tool. The
result is a stellar programming language, and it has no equivalent in the
computer world.
FEATURES OF Visual Basic.NET:
 Powerful Windows-based Applications

 Building Web-based Applications
 Simplified Deployment
 Powerful, Flexible, Simplified Data Access
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Payroll System
 Improved Coding
 Direct Access to the Platform
 Full Object-Oriented Constructs
 XML Web Services
 Mobile Applications
 COM Interoperability
 Reuse Existing Investments
 Upgrade Wizard
ADVANTAGES OF VISUAL BASIC.NET:
1. First of all, VB.NET provides managed code execution that runs

under the Common Language Runtime (CLR), resulting in robust,
stable and secure applications. All features of the .NET framework
are readily available in VB.NET.
2. VB.NET is totally object oriented.
3. The .NET framework comes with ADO.NET, which follows the
disconnected paradigm, i.e. once the required records are fetched the
connection no longer exists. It also retrieves the records that are
expected to be accessed in the immediate future. This enhances
Scalability of the application to a great extent.
4. VB.NET uses XML to transfer data between the various layers in the
DNA Architecture i.e. data are passed as simple text strings.
5. Error handling has changed in VB.NET. A new Try-Catch-Finally
block has been introduced to handle errors and exceptions as a unit,
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Payroll System
allowing appropriate action to be taken at the place the error
occurred thus discouraging the use of ON ERROR GOTO statement.
This again credits to the maintainability of the code.
6. Another great feature added to VB.NET is free threading against the
VB single-threaded apartment feature. In many situations developers
need spawning of a new thread to run as a background process and
increase the usability of the application. VB.NET allows developers to
spawn threads wherever they feel like, hence giving freedom and
better control on the application.
7. Security has become more robust in VB.NET. In addition to the role-
based security in VB6, VB.NET comes with a new security model,
Code Access security. This security controls on what the code can
access. For example you can set the security to a component such
that the component cannot access the database. This type of security
is important because it allows building components that can be
trusted to various degrees.
8. The CLR takes care of garbage collection i.e. the CLR releases
resources as soon as an object is no more in use. This relieves the
developer from thinking of ways to manage memory. CLR does this
for them.
Due to large number of facilities provided by the Visual Basic .NET, it

has been used as a front-end tool in “Payroll System”.
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Payroll System
DFD (Data Flow Diagram)
Zero Level DFD
35
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Detailed DFD
36
Payroll System
E-R Diagram
37
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Tables Used
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Table Name: personal_info
Primary Key: - employee_id
Foreign key: - NILL
Purpose: - This table contains the personal information of the employee.
Table Name: department_info

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Primary Key: - dept_id
Foreign key: - employee_id references personal_info(emp_id)
Purpose:- This table contains the department information of the employee.
Table Name: tax_calculation
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Primary Key: - emp_id
Foreign key: - emp_id references personal_info(emp_id)
Purpose: - This table contains the tax calculations of the employee.
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Table Name: salary_deduction
Purpose:- This table contains the deductions the employee.
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Table Name: salary
Purpose: - This table contains the salary details.
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Table Name: allowances
Purpose:- This table contains the allowances of the employee.
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Table Name: attendance
Primary Key: - emp_id and day
Purpose:- This table contains the attendance record of the employee.
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Relationships
Employee Relationship
46
Payroll System
Form Layouts
FORM NAME: - WELCOME
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FORM NAME: - LOGIN
Purpose: - This form is used to check the authorization of user. If the user
is an authorized person he/she is given access to the system otherwise not.
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FORM NAME: - GENERAL INFORMATION
Purpose: - This form contains the general information of the employee (i.e.
personal information).
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FORM NAME: - ATTENDANCE
Purpose: - This from contains the attendance records of the employee.
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FORM NAME: - DEPARTMENT
Purpose: - This form contains the department information of the employee.
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FORM NAME: -TAX
Purpose: - This form contains the tax calculations of the employee.
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FORM NAME: - OTHER DEDUCTION
Purpose: - This form contains the calculation of other deductions of the

employee.
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FORM NAME: - ALLOWANCE FORM
Purpose: - This form contains the calculation of allowances of the

employee.
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FORM NAME: - Salary Calculation
Purpose: - This form contains the calculation of the net salary of the
employee.
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FORM NAME: - Pay Slip
Purpose: - This form contains the information of the net salary of the
employee and generates the pay slip of the employee.
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Reports
Attendance Detail Report
Purpose: - This report contains the attendance information of the

employee.
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List of Teacher Department Wise Report
Purpose: - This report contains the list of the teacher’s department wise of
the employee.
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Teacher Category Report
Purpose: - This report contains the information of the teacher category.
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List of Teacher Report
Purpose: - This report contains the list of the teacher.
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Pay Slip
Purpose: - This report contains the pay slip of the employee.
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Coding
The goal of the coding or programming phase is to translate the
design of the system produced during the design phase into code in a given
programming language, which can be executed by a computer and that
performs the computation specified by the design. For a given design, the
design, the aim is to implement the design in the best possible manner.
The coding phase affects both testing and maintenance profoundly.

As we saw earlier, the time spent in coding is a small percentage of the
total software cost, while testing and maintenance consume the major
percentage. Thus, it should be clear that the goal during coding should not
be to reduce the implementation cost, but the goal should be to reduce the
cost of later phases, even if it means that the cost of this phase has to
increase. In other words, the goal during this phase is not to simplify the
job of the programmer. Rather, the goal should be to simplify job of the
tester and the maintainer.
This distinction is important, as most programmers are

individualistic, and mostly concerned about how to finish their job quickly,
without keeping the later phases in mind. During implementation, it
should be kept in mind that the programs should not be constructed so
that they are easy to write, but so that they are easy to read and
understand. A program is read a lot more often and by a lot more people
during the later phases. Often, making a program more readable will
require extra work by the programmers. For example, sometimes there are
“quick fixes” to modify a given code easily, which result in a code that is
more difficult to understand. In such cases, in the interest of simplifying
the later phases, the easy “quick fixes” should not be adopted.
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Payroll System
There are many different criteria for judging a program, including
readability, size of the program, execution time and required memory.
Having readability and understandability as a clear objective of the coding
activity can itself help in producing software that is more maintainable.
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Payroll System
Some of the coding is as follows: -
1. Coding of Login Form
Private Sub Button2_Click(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As

System.EventArgs) Handles Button2.Click
If txtname.Text = "" Then
ErrorProvider1.SetError(txtname, "You cannot leave user id blank")
End If
If txtpwd.Text = "" Then
ErrorProvider2.SetError(txtpwd, "You cannot leave Password blank")
End If
If (txtname.Text = "amit" And txtpwd.Text = "lalit") Then
MDI.Show()
Me.Hide()
Else
If (i < 3) Then
MsgBox(" Wrong UserID or Password ")
i=i+1
txtname.Text = ""
txtpwd.Text = ""
Else
MsgBox(" You cannnot access the project now ")
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End
End If
End If
End Sub
End Class
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2. Coding of Attendence Form

OleDbDataAdapter6.Fill(DataSet6)
Dim row6 As DataRow
row6 = DataSet6.Tables(0).NewRow
row6("emp_id") = TextBox28.Text
row6("day") = DateTimePicker4.Value
If RadioButton3.Checked = True Then
row6("attendence") = "present"
End If
row6("attendence") = "Absent"
End If
row6("leave_availed") = ComboBox5.Text
row6("leave_status") = "leave_with_pay"
ElseIf RadioButton8.Checked = True Then
row6("leave_status") = "leave_without_pay"
End If
row6("dep") = ComboBox3.Text
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DataSet6.Tables(0).Rows.Add(row6)
OleDbDataAdapter6.Update(DataSet6)
DataSet6.AcceptChanges()
MsgBox("record Added")
End Sub

Dim con As New OleDb.OleDbConnection
Dim cmd As New OleDb.OleDbCommand
con.ConnectionString = "Provider=MSDAORA;Data
Source=server;Persist Security Info=True;Password=tiger;User
ID=scott"
Dim query As String
cmd.Connection = con
con.Open()
query = "delete from att where emp_id=" & TextBox28.Text
cmd.CommandText = query
cmd.ExecuteNonQuery()
con.Close()
MessageBox.Show("Record deleted")
End Sub
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ID=scott"
Dim query As String
con.Open()
query = "update att set attendence= '" & GroupBox6.Text & "',
leave_availed = '" & ComboBox5.Text & "',leave_status='" &
GroupBox4.Text & "',dep='" & ComboBox3.Text & "' where emp_id= '"
& TextBox28.Text & "'"
con.Close()
MessageBox.Show("Record Updated")
End Sub

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Dim da As New OleDb.OleDbDataAdapter
Dim ds As New DataSet
Source=server;Password=tiger;User ID=scott"
Dim str As String
con.Open()
str = "select * from attendence where emp_id='" & TextBox28.Text & "'"
cmd.CommandText = str
da.SelectCommand = cmd
da.Fill(ds, str)
If (ds.Tables(0).Rows.Count = 0) Then
MsgBox("Employee Id does not exist")
Else
DateTimePicker4.Text = ds.Tables(0).Rows(0)(1).ToString
TextBox47.Text = ds.Tables(0).Rows(0)(2).ToString
If TextBox47.Text = "present" Then
RadioButton3.Checked = True
Else
End If
ComboBox5.Text = ds.Tables(0).Rows(0)(3).ToString
If TextBox48.Text = "leave_with_pay" Then
ElseIf TextBox48.Text = "leave_without_pay" Then
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End If
ComboBox3.Text = ds.Tables(0).Rows(0)(5).ToString
End If
con.Close()
ds.Reset()
End Sub
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3. Coding of General Form

Dim row1 As DataRow
If rbmale.Checked = True Then
row1("employee_id") = TextBox28.Text
row1("first_name") = txtfname.Text
row1("last_name") = txtlname.Text
row1("gender") = "male"
row1("marital_status") = "married"
Else
row1("marital_status") = "unmarried"
End If
row1("father_name") = fathername.Text
row1("wife_name") = hwname.Text
row1("date_of_birth") = dob.Value.Date
row1("work_address") = wadd.Text
row1("pincode") = pcode.Text
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row1("state") = ComboBox7.Text
row1("countary") = ComboBox4.Text
row1("permanent_address") = txtpadd.Text
row1("residence_phone") = TextBox1.Text
row1("mobile_no") = txtmno.Text
row1("email") = txtemail.Text
row1("doj") = DateTimePicker2.Value.Date
Else
row1("employee_id") = TextBox28.Text
row1("first_name") = (txtfname.Text)
row1("last_name") = (txtlname.Text)
row1("gender") = "female"
row1("marital_status") = "married"
Else
row1("marital_status") = "unmarried"
End If
row1("father_name") = fathername.Text
row1("wife_name") = hwname.Text
row1("date_of_birth") = dob.Value.Date
row1("work_address") = wadd.Text
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row1("pincode") = pcode.Text
row1("state") = ComboBox7.Text
row1("countary") = ComboBox4.Text
row1("permanent_address") = txtpadd.Text
row1("residence_phone") = TextBox1.Text
row1("mobile_no") = txtmno.Text
row1("email") = txtemail.Text
row1("doj") = DateTimePicker2.Value.Date
End If
MsgBox("record Added")
End Sub

ID=scott"
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Dim query As String
con.Open()
query = "delete from pptt1 where employee_id=" & TextBox28.Text
con.Close()
End Sub

ID=scott"
Dim query As String
con.Open()
query = "update pptt1 set first_name= '" & txtfname.Text & "',
last_name = '" & txtlname.Text & "',gender='" & GroupBox1.Text &
"',marital_status='" & GroupBox5.Text & "',father_name='" &
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Payroll System
fathername.Text & "',wife_name='" & hwname.Text &
"',work_address='" & wadd.Text & "',pincode='" & pcode.Text &
"',state='" & ComboBox7.Text & "',countary='" & ComboBox4.Text &
"',permanent_address='" & txtpadd.Text & "',residence_phone='" &
MaskedTextBox1.Text & "',mobile_no='" & txtmno.Text & "',email='" &
txtemail.Text & "' where employee_id= '" & TextBox28.Text & "'"
con.Close()
End Sub
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Payroll System
4. Coding of Tax Form

Dim row2 As DataRow
row2("emp_id") = TextBox28.Text
row2("licdeduct") = TextBox29.Text
row2("nss") = TextBox30.Text
row2("tax_amount") = TextBox32.Text
row2("nettax_amount") = TextBox31.Text
row2("annual_salary") = TextBox18.Text
row2("surcharge") = TextBox19.Text
MsgBox("record added")
End Sub

ID=scott"
Dim query As String
con.Open()
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query = "delete from emp_tax88 where emp_id=" & TextBox28.Text
con.Close()
End Sub

ID=scott"
Dim query As String
con.Open()
query = "update emp_tax88 set licdeduct= '" & TextBox29.Text & "',
nss = '" & TextBox30.Text & "',tax_amount='" & TextBox32.Text &
"',nettax_amount='" & TextBox31.Text & "',annual_salary='" &
TextBox18.Text & "',surcharge='" & TextBox19.Text & "' where
emp_id= '" & TextBox28.Text & "'"
con.Close()
End Sub

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Dim da As New OleDb.OleDbDataAdapter
Dim ds As New DataSet
Source=server;Password=tiger;User ID=scott"
Dim str As String
con.Open()
str = "select * from emp_tax88 where emp_id='" & TextBox28.Text & "'"
cmd.CommandText = str
da.SelectCommand = cmd
da.Fill(ds, str)
If (ds.Tables(0).Rows.Count = 0) Then
MsgBox("Employee Id does not exist")
Else
End If
con.Close()
ds.Reset()
End Sub

Dim a As Double
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Dim b As Double
Dim c As Double
Dim d As Double
a = (TextBox18.Text)
b = (TextBox19.Text)
c = (TextBox29.Text)
d = (TextBox30.Text)
TextBox31.Text = a - b - c - d
TextBox31.ReadOnly = True
End Sub
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Payroll System
Testing
In a software development project, errors can b injected at any stage
during development. For each phase, we have discussed different
techniques for detecting and eliminating errors that originate in that phase.
However, no technique is perfect and it is expected that some of the errors
of the earlier phases will finally manifest of themselves in the code. This is
particularly true because in the earlier phases most of the verification
techniques are manual because no executable code exists. Ultimately,
these remaining errors will be reflected in the code. Hence, the code
developed during the coding activity is likely to have some requirements
errors and design errors, in addition to errors introduced during the coding
activity. Because code is frequently the only product that can be executed
and who’s actual behavior can be observed testing is the phase where the
errors remaining from all the previous phases must be detected. Hence,
testing performs a very critical role for quality assurance and for ensuring
the reliability of software.
During testing, the program to be tested is executed with a set of

test cases, and the output of the program for the test cases is evaluated to
determine if the program is performing as expected. Due to its approach
dynamic testing can only ascertain the presence of errors in the program;
the exact nature of the errors is not usually decided by testing. Testing
forms the first step in determining the errors in a program. Clearly, the
success of testing in revealing errors in programs depends critically on the
test cases.
Testing a large system is a complex activity, and like complex activity

it has to be broken into smaller activities. Due to this, for a project,
incremental testing is generally performed, in which components and
subsystems of the system are tested separately before integrating them to
form the system for system testing. This form of testing, though necessary
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Payroll System
to ensure quality for a large system, introduces new issues of how to select
components for testing and how to combine them to form subsystems and
systems. In other words, integration of the various components of the
system is an important issue that the testing phase has to deal with. For
this reason, this phase is sometimes called “integration and testing.”
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Payroll System
Security Mechanism
Security is an important feature of the project which prevents the
project from going through wrong hands or illegal access, hence making it
highly consistent. The security checks implemented in the project can be
listed as:
 User Name and Password:

Without having a valid user name and password nobody can have
navigation through the project
 Different Users:
The project provides Access Level 1 and 2 to different users. Users
with Access Level 1 have all the powers of adding new records in the
database and changing or deleting existing ones from the database
and can also add new users or delete existing ones and can change
the passwords.
Other users can only view the information in the project. But they cannot
make any changes in the database.
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Future Enhancement
We have been working on the project for the past three months and
concluded that the proposed system will be able to satisfy all the needs of a
“Payroll System”. It is designed in a way that it can handle all the tasks of
a Company easily and efficiently. The system can handle the reporting
tasks very easily.
Future Enhancement:
 Use new more short coding method in .NET 2010 language for
this software.
 Modification in Database.
Data base modification can be easily handled by introducing new
techniques.
 More User friendly. To make it easy to understand and handle.

It can be make more user friendly by removing its complications.
 More Robust. Add new features in the software to make it more

robust.
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Payroll System
Conclusion
The computerized version of the existing system of the company will
be able to serve its client and prospective clients in a more efficient
manner, as this would save tremendous time energy and effort of doing
such tedious tiring and repetitive paperwork.
It is designed to offer easy accessible to all records to provide better

maintainability and to enable the user to make the required modification as
and when necessary.
Execution of this project would enable the user to seek use and
manipulation the records pertaining to nay and every client. This project
would, in short, increment the efficiency and the quality and quantity of
productivity of the organization as well as decrement the work effort,
energy and duration of time required by user staff.
In the old system there were problems of data redundancy and

information retrieval. So the final reports are always accurate. We can
retrieve a particular data or any related data in less than a second, without
going through the big files to retrieve the data as in the case of manual or
old system.
Our software has also made the report generation process very easy,
as we do not have to go through different files to enter the data in the
report Performa’s. Our software automatically does these processes just by
the single click of mouse.
Our software is designed using Oracle 8i as backend tool, which is

higher version of oracle than the other lower versions of oracle such as
oracle 8i. So if we will try to operate our software on the lower version of
oracle, it would generate errors.
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Payroll System
Although we have put my full efforts to develop this project but still
some things may have been left which can be upgraded later on.
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Bibliography
Sr. No. Name of the Book Author’s Name
1. Beginning (Visual Basic.Net) Richard Blair

2. Project Management John M. Nicholas
3. Learn Oracle in 21 Days Tata Mcgrawth
WEBSITES:
1. http://vb.net-informations.com/
2. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visual_Basic_.NET
3. http://www.camden.rutgers.edu/HELP/Documentation/Or
acle/server.815/a67781/toc.htm
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Project Abstract

The proposed “Payroll System” is aimed at providing all necessary

Started as college of fine arts, it soon launched a number of

This Organization is maintaining most of their day-to-day

It is very time consuming and is also not error free in some

Drawbacks of Existing System

The existing system is totally based on manual system. Existing

1. Time Consuming: High time consumption is the main weakness of

2. Service and Working Conditions: With the unusual delay due to

3. Difficulties in Retrieving Information: Sometimes, to get any of

4. Difficulties in Debugging: If an error is detected in recorded

6. Not Easy to understandable by new user: To understand the

8. Very Expensive: The existing manual system is very expensive

9. Data sharing: The different user in the different department cannot

Need For a New System

1. Identify the Opportunity to Improve Business Functions: It has

2. Improves Services and Working Conditions: To improve the

This consists of Payroll System. All these transactions need to be

Numerous kinds of queries are done on large amounts of

1. Improves Services and Working Conditions: The proposed system

To overcome these above stated limitations in the Payroll System,

1. Fast and Efficient: As compared to existing manual system, in

2. Reliable and Accurate: As in proposed system the information is

3. Centralized Data: In the existing system most of data records are

4. Low Operation and Maintenance Cost: The proposed system is not

5. Non-Redundant Information: As in proposed system data

6. User Friendly: Proposed system is very user friendly. We have

7. Easy to Access: As compared to existing system, in proposed system

8. No Documentation: As everything is stored on the computer so

Feasibility study has five primary areas which are characterized by

Whether the benefits of the proposed information system outweigh

Whether the proposed solution is desirable within the existing

Study is a preferred conceptual solution together with expected cost

Once analysis is completed, the analyst has a firm understanding of

One of the most difficult tasks is developing a clear in depth of the

1. What is the problem?

It takes considerable skill to determine the true cause of a system’s

After identification of the problem a general direction or a method for

Requirement analysis is the first logical and technical step in the

For gathering information, there is a need to interact with the system

A software requirement specification is obtained as a sequence of

There are some constraints which are given below

2. Economical constraints: Economical constraints also is also a great

3. Technical constraints: Technical constraints are a very big problem

The purpose of the design phase is to plan a solution of the problem

The purpose of the design phase was to plan a solution of the

The development of the Transaction Control Software consisted of

 CPU Intel Pentium IV 1.80 GHz or higher

Software means a collection of program where the objective is to enhance

 Operating System Window 98

A database management system (DBMS) is a collection of interrelated

Database systems are designed to manage large bodies of information.

LANGUAGES USED IN ORACLE8i

SQL: SQL (Structured Query Language) is a query language. It can define

1. The Decision Support Arena

Decisions support systems, referred to as DSS, are playing a large role

2. Management of Large Volume of Data

Oracle has been paying significant attention to the management of large

4. Backup and Recovery

Oracle provides open connectivity to and from other vendor’s software.

The Oracle server, commonly referred to as the database engine,

Visual basic.NET is the latest incarnation of the world’s most popular

FEATURES OF Visual Basic.NET: