RIZAL TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

CHAPTER 1

THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

This chapter includes the introduction, statement of the problem, hypothesis,

scope and delimitation, conceptual framework, significance of the study and the definition
of terms used.

Introduction

From the time that the world starts, water is very important in human lives, plants

and animals, because water is one of the primary needs of all the living things on earth

to survive. As time goes by and the number of people grows rapidly, many people are

getting a lot of different diseases because of bacteria causing by unclean water. But as

the years rolled by, because of people are getting diseases from drinking unfiltered water,

people makes study on how to create and produce clean water that can be used by many

people to drink filtered water and avoid from getting diseases because of drinking water

that is not filtered.

In this study, the researchers hope to develop and help the society from getting

diseases because of drinking unfiltered water. There’s a lot of water-borne diseases that

can get through contaminated water like Polio, Malaria, Cholera, Dengue, Scabies,

Typhoid, Botulism, Hepatitis, Diarrhea, Lead poisoning, Japanese encephalitis and etc.

that can lead to death.

According to Thomas C. Weiss (2015), waterborne diseases are caused by

pathogenic microorganisms that most commonly are transmitted in contaminated fresh

water. Infection commonly results during bathing, washing, drinking, in the preparation of
food, or the consumption of food thus infected. Various forms of waterborne diarrheal

disease probably are the most prominent examples, and affect mainly children in

developing countries; according to the World Health Organization, such diseases account

for an estimated 4.1% of the total DALY global burden of disease, and cause about 1.8

million human deaths annually.

Statement of the problem

The study focused on how the handy water filter tumbler works using coconut

charcoal and the effect to the people in the society like students, teachers, parents and

etc.

Specifically, it aims to answer the following questions:

1.) How does tumbler charcoal can filter water?

2.) How safe is the water filtered from the tumbler?

3.) What are the advantages and disadvantages of tumbler charcoal?

Conceptual Framework

First Drainer – to control the pressure of water to avoid the cloth to be crumpled.

Clean Cloth – the first layer of filtration of water.

Second Drainer – to avoid the cloth to touch the charcoal.

Charcoal – the most important layer of the filtration and it helps to clean and clear the

water.
Third Drainer – to avoid the charcoal to fall and mix to the water.

Funnel Shaped – it helps the water to easily flow down inside the tumbler.

Significance of the Study

The results of the study will be beneficial to the following:

To students. This study can help the students to be safe from water borne diseases that

they can get in their school faucets.

To teachers. This research can help the teachers to inform their students and to avoid

getting water borne diseases in dirty faucets.

To parents. This research can help the parents to secure and protect their children from

water borne diseases.

To future researchers. This research will help the future researchers to get additional

information about water filter that uses coconut charcoal. They may also use this research

as reference that connected in their studies that will support their research.

Scope and Delimitation of the Study

This research is focused only on how the water filtration works and it will also focus

on the effect of this research to the people in the society who will use the coconut charcoal

filtered water tumbler. One of the scope of this research are the references that are

gathered by the researches to present their study.

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/234060484_Performance_of_activated_

carbon_in_water_filters

http://www.mnkjournals.com/ijlrst_files/Download/Vol%204%20Issue%205/1-26-

20062015%20Water%20Analysis%20Using%20Activated%20Carbon%20From%20

Coconut%20Shell.pdf

https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/f8fd/05d9951e3d34725db0c23e411b09e0cc43f3.p

df

http://www.feng.unimas.my/JCEST/images/article/volume4issue32013/papper3en

crypted.pdf

https://repositorium.sdum.uminho.pt/bitstream/1822/15103/4/Effects%20of%20coc

onut%20granular%20activated%20carbon%20pretreatment%20on%20membrane

%20filtration%20in%20a%20gravitational%20driven%20process%20to%20improv

e%20drinking%20water%20quality.pdf.pdf

http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/1313/1/MUHAMED_FALIQ_ALIF_BIN_AZHARI.P

DF

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/284041416_Low-

Tech_Coconut_Shell_Activated_Charcoal_Production

https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/ba8f/73d0b9f437e05ecb5a1645dc41f5f3bfa187.p

df

https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/f8fd/05d9951e3d34725db0c23e411b09e0cc43f3.p

df