Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
LAMPIRAN B
PERHITUNGAN NERACA ENERGI
Sifat-sifat Fisis
Data Cp
Komponen Cp (kJ/kg˚C) Sumber
Si 0,714 Dean
Pb 0,129 Dean
Cu2O 0,445 Dean
CuO 0,531 Dean
Zn 0,388 Dean
ZnO 0,494 Dean
KOH 1,159 Dean
(CH3)2SiCl2 0,920 Gelest Inc.
CH3SiCl3 0,920 Gelest Inc.
(CH3)3SiCl 1,760 Gelest Inc.
CH3HSiCl2 0,800 Gelest Inc.
2,538 (cair) Dean
CH3OH (metanol)
1,378 (gas) Dean
2,178 (cair) Dean
CH3COCH3 (aseton)
1,284 (gas) Dean
D3 1,350 Kuo
Cyclic
D4 1,350 Kuo
siloxane
D5 1,350 Kuo
Linear siloxane 1,552 Kuo
CH3Si(OCH3)3 0,920 Gelest Inc.
H3PO4 1,480 Dean
4,184 (cair) Dean
H2O
1,996 (gas) Dean
Polysiloxane BM 139.000 1,552 Kuo
CH3Cl (klorometana) 0,808 Dean
CH3OCH3 (dimetil eter) 1,400 Dean
HCl 0,798 Dean
O2 1,838 Dean
Data ∆Hv
Komponen ∆Hv (kJ/kg) Sumber
(CH3)2SiCl2 259,690 Gelest Inc.
CH3SiCl3 207,358 Gelest Inc.
(CH3)3SiCl 254,378 Gelest Inc.
CH3HSiCl2 254,783 Gelest Inc.
CH3OH (metanol) 1100 Dean
CH3COCH3 (aseton) 501,724 Dean
CH3Si(OCH3)3 227,941 Gelest Inc.
D3 184,303 Gelest Inc.
D4 153,722 Gelest Inc.
D5 135,383 Gelest Inc.
H2O 2257 Dean
Data ∆Hpol
Komponen ∆Hpol (kJ/kmol) Sumber
D3 2.790 (25˚C) Kuo
23.400 (77˚C) Kuo
54.315 (150˚C) -
D4 -6.400 (25˚C) Kuo
-13.400 (77˚C) Kuo
-23.900 (150˚C) -
D5 -102.115 (150˚C) -
Entalpi di storage
Suhu storage = 30˚C
Komponen Massa (kg) Cp (kJ/kg˚C) H (kJ)
Klorometana 729,593 0,808 2.947,266
Dimetil eter 3,342 1,400 23,397
O2 0,039 1,838 0,354
Total 2.971,017
NERACA ENERGI
H in 1 + H in 2 = H storage + Q serap
24.079,301 kJ + 178.306,355 kJ = 2.971,017 kJ + Q serap
Q serap = 199.414,640 kJ
Masuk kJ Keluar kJ
H in 1 24.079,301 H storage 2.971,017
H in 2 178.306,355 Q serap 199.414,640
202.385,656 202.385,656
Steam
T= 315 ˚C
CH3Cl CH3Cl
CH3OCH3 HEATER CH3OCH3
HCl HCl
O2 O2
Klorometana
Cp klorometana = 0,808 kJ/kg˚C
H klorometana = m.Cp.∆T
= 767,425 kg . 0,808 kJ/kg˚C . (36,783-25)˚C
= 7.305,623 kJ
Dengan cara yang sama, maka:
Entalpi masuk
Suhu masuk = 30˚C
Komponen Massa (kg) Cp (kJ/kg˚C) H (kJ)
Klorometana 767,425 0,808 3.100,091
Dimetil eter 3,856 1,400 26,995
HCl 7,665 0,798 30,576
O2 0,039 1,838 0,354
Total 3.158,016
Entalpi keluar
Suhu keluar = 308,852˚C
Komponen Massa (kg) Cp (kJ/kg˚C) H (kJ)
Klorometana 646,677 0,808 175.993,155
Dimetil eter 30,499 1,400 1.532,505
HCl 7,665 0,798 1.735,809
NERACA ENERGI
H in + Q supply = H out + Q loss
Asumsi: Q loss = 5% Q supply
Masuk kJ Keluar kJ
H in 3.158,016 H out 179.281,559
Q supply 185.393,203 Q loss 9.269,660
188.551,219 188.551,219
3. FURNACE (Q-112)
Si Si
Pb Pb
Cu2O (katalis) FURNACE (Q-112) Cu2O (katalis)
CuO CuO
Zn (katalis) Zn (katalis)
ZnO ZnO
T = 30˚C T = 308,852˚C
Masuk kJ Keluar kJ
H solid 727,978 H setelah 41.327,549
pemanasan
Q supply 42.736,391 Q loss 2.139,819
43.464,369 43.464,369
Klorometana
Dimetil eter
T = 308,852˚C HCl
O2 (CH3)2SiCl2
CH3SiCl3
(CH3)3SiCl
CH3HSiCl2
Klorometana
Si Dimetil eter
Pb Si
Cu2O (katalis) REAKTOR SINTESIS Pb
CuO SILANA (R-210) Cu2O (katalis)
Zn (katalis) CuO
ZnO Zn (katalis)
ZnO
T = 308,852˚C HCl
O2
T = 308,852˚C
Contoh perhitungan:
(CH3)2SiCl2
Cp (CH3)2SiCl2 = 0,920 kJ/kg˚C
∆Hv (CH3)2SiCl2 = 259,690 kJ/kg
H (CH3)2SiCl2 masuk = m.Cp.∆T + m.∆Hv + m.Cp.∆T
= 784,141 kg . 0,920 kJ/kg˚C . (70-25)˚C + 784,141
kg . 259,690 kJ/kg + 784,141 kg . 0,920 kJ.kg˚C .
(308,852-70)˚C
= 408.406,651 kJ
Entalpi masuk
Suhu masuk = 308,852˚C
Komponen Massa (kg) Cp (kJ/kg˚C) H (kJ)
Si 195,384 0,714 39.614,305
Pb 1,974 0,129 72,567
Cu2O 11,640 0,445 1.469,507
CuO 0,360 0,531 54,243
Zn 1,034 0,388 113,966
ZnO 0,021 0,494 2,961
Total 41.327,549
Entalpi keluar
Suhu keluar = 308,852˚C
Komponen Massa (kg) Cp (kJ/kg˚C) ∆Hv H (kJ)
(kJ/kg)
Si 3,908 0,714 - 792,286
Pb 1,974 0,129 - 72,567
Cu2O 11,640 0,445 - 1.469,507
CuO 0,360 0,531 - 54,243
Zn 1,034 0,388 - 113,966
ZnO 0,021 0,494 - 2,961
Klorometana 87,207 0,808 - 19.999,222
Dimetil eter 3,856 1,400 - 1.532,505
Panas reaksi
Reaksi yang terjadi antara lain:
Si + 2CH3Cl (CH3)2SiCl2 ∆HR = -988 kJ/mol
2Si + 4CH3Cl (CH3)3SiCl + CH3SiCl3 ∆HR = -1.976 kJ/mol
Si + HCl + CH3Cl CH3HSiCl2 ∆HR = -816,69 kJ/mol
Contoh perhitungan:
Si + 2CH3Cl (CH3)2SiCl2
∆HR = 0+2.(3.337,2+397)-(2.(3.337,2+435)+2.456)
= -988 kJ/mol
∆HR reaksi lainnya juga dihitung dengan cara yang sama.
Panas reaksi dihitung dari jumlah mol produk utama yang terbentuk.
Si + 2CH3Cl (CH3)2SiCl2
Dari reaksi tersebut, terbentuk produk (CH3)2SiCl2 sebanyak 6,079 kmol,
sehingga Q (panas reaksi):
Q = 6,079 kmol . 1000 mol/kmol . (-988) kJ/mol
= -6.005.666,804 kJ
Panas reaksi untuk reaksi lain juga dihitung dengan cara yang sama.
NERACA ENERGI
H solid + H klorometana + Q reaksi total = H produk keluar + Q serap
41.327,549 kJ + 169.415,105 kJ + 6.720.875,381 kJ = 485.720,461 kJ + Q serap
Q serap = 6.445.897,575 kJ
Masuk kJ Keluar kJ
H solid 41.327,549 H produk keluar 485.850,823
H klorometana 179.281,559 Q serap 6.455.633,667
Q reaksi total 6.720.875,381
6.941.484,489 6.941.484,489
5. EXPANDER (G-216)
(CH3)2SiCl2 (CH3)2SiCl2
CH3SiCl3 CH3SiCl3
(CH3)3SiCl (CH3)3SiCl
CH3HSiCl2 EXPANDER (G-216) CH3HSiCl2
Klorometana Klorometana
Dimetil eter Dimetil eter
HCl HCl
O2 O2
T = 308,852˚C T = 259,9˚C
Contoh perhitungan:
(CH3)2SiCl2
Cp (CH3)2SiCl2 = 0,920 kJ/kg˚C
∆Hv (CH3)2SiCl2 = 259,690 kJ/kg
H (CH3)2SiCl2 = m.Cp.∆T + m.∆Hv + m.Cp.∆T
= 784,141 kg . 0,920 kJ/kg˚C . (70-25)˚C + 784,141
kg . 259,690 kJ/kg + 784,141 kg . 0,920 kJ.kg˚C .
(150-70)˚C
= 293.809,620 kJ
Entalpi keluar
Suhu keluar = 259,9˚C
Komponen Massa (kg) Cp (kJ/kg˚C) ∆Hv (kJ/kg) H (kJ)
(CH3)2SiCl2 784,141 0,920 259,690 373.092,519
CH3SiCl3 41,307 0,920 207,358 17.492,070
(CH3)3SiCl 29,979 1,760 254,378 20.019,765
CH3HSiCl2 23,831 0,800 254,783 10.550,008
Klorometana 87,207 0,808 - 16.550,259
Dimetil eter 3,856 1,400 - 1.268,217
HCl 0,101 0,798 - 18,979
O2 0,039 1,838 - 16,625
Total 439.008,444
Masuk kJ Keluar kJ
H in 483.419,571 H out 439.008,444
W lepas 44.411,127
483.419,571 483.419,571
(CH3)2SiCl2 (CH3)2SiCl2
CH3SiCl3 CH3SiCl3
(CH3)3SiCl (CH3)3SiCl
CH3HSiCl2 COOLER CH3HSiCl2
Klorometana Klorometana
Dimetil eter Dimetil eter
HCl HCl
O2 O2
T = 259,9˚C T = 67˚C
Contoh perhitungan:
Klorometana
Cp klorometana = 0,808 kJ/kg˚C
H klorometana = m.Cp.∆T
= 87,207 kg . 0,808 kJ/kg˚C . (265,3-25)˚C
= 16.930,725 kJ
Dengan cara yang sama, maka:
Entalpi masuk
Suhu masuk = 259,9˚C
Komponen Massa (kg) Cp (kJ/kg˚C) H (kJ)
(CH3)2SiCl2 784,141 0,920 373.092,519
CH3SiCl3 41,307 0,920 17.492,070
(CH3)3SiCl 29,979 1,760 20.019,765
CH3HSiCl2 23,831 0,800 10.550,008
Klorometana 87,207 0,808 16.550,259
Dimetil eter 3,856 1,400 1.268,217
HCl 0,101 0,798 18,979
O2 0,039 1,838 16,625
Total 439.008,444
Entalpi keluar
Suhu keluar = 67˚C
Komponen Massa (kg) Cp (kJ/kg˚C) H (kJ)
(CH3)2SiCl2 784,141 0,920 30.299,197
CH3SiCl3 41,307 0,920 1.596,099
(CH3)3SiCl 29,979 1,760 9.841,911
CH3HSiCl2 23,831 0,800 6.872,421
Klorometana 87,207 0,808 2.959,178
Dimetil eter 3,856 1,400 226,757
HCl 0,101 0,798 3,394
O2 0,039 1,838 2,973
Total 51.801,929
NERACA ENERGI
H in = H out + Q serap
Masuk kJ Keluar kJ
H in 439.008,444 H out 51.801,929
Q serap 387.206,515
439.008,444 439.008,444
T = 49˚C (CH3)3SiCl
(CH3)HSiCl2
CH3Cl
HCl
Dimetil eter
Crude silane O2
CH3Cl
Dimetil eter DISTILASI FRAKSINASI
HCl (D-220)
O2
T = 67˚C
(CH3)2SiCl2
CH3SiCl3
T = 70˚C
Contoh perhitungan:
Klorometana
Cp klorometana = 0,808 kJ/kg˚C
H klorometana = m.Cp.∆T
= 87,207 kg . 0,808 kJ/kg˚C . (70-25)˚C
= 3.174,071 kJ
Perhitungan partial condenser
Reflux ratio = 31,836
Komponen Massa (kg) Cp (kJ/kg˚C) ∆Hv (kJ/kg) H (kJ)
(CH3)3SiCl 954,411 1,760 254,378 313.327,073
CH3HSiCl2 758,684 0,800 254,783 218.790,406
Klorometana 2.776,322 0,808 - 94.208,389
Dimetil eter 122,760 1,400 - 7.219,023
HCl 3,215 0,798 - 108,036
O2 1,242 1,838 - 94,636
Total 633.747,562
633747,562
Jumlah air pendingin = 4,18×(323,15−303,15)
= 7.580,712 kg/jam
8. COOLER (E-222)
Klorometana
Dimetil eter T = 30˚C
HCl
O2
(CH3)3SiCl
CH3HSiCl2
Klorometana COOLER (E-222) (CH3)3SiCl
Dimetil eter CH3HSiCl2
HCl
O2 T = 30˚C
T = 49˚C
Contoh perhitungan:
Klorometana
Cp klorometana = 0,808 kJ/kg˚C
H klorometana = m.Cp.∆T
= 87,207 kg . 0,808 kJ/kg˚C . (70-25)˚C
= 3.174,071 kJ
Dengan cara yang sama, maka:
Entalpi masuk
Suhu masuk = 49˚C
Komponen Massa (kg) Cp (kJ/kg˚C) ∆Hv (kJ/kg) H (kJ)
(CH3)3SiCl 29,979 1,760 254,378 10.002,836
CH3HSiCl2 23,831 0,800 254,783 6.930,569
Klorometana 87,207 0,808 - 3.174,071
Dimetil eter 3,856 1,400 - 243,223
HCl 0,101 0,798 - 3,640
O2 0,039 1,838 - 3,188
Total 20.357,527
Entalpi keluar
Suhu keluar = 30˚C
Komponen Massa (kg) Cp (kJ/kg˚C) H (kJ)
(CH3)3SiCl 29,979 1,760 263,812
CH3HSiCl2 23,831 0,800 95,323
Total 359,135
NERACA ENERGI
H in = H out 1 + H out 2 + Q serap
Masuk kJ Keluar kJ
H in 20.357,527 H out 1 359,135
H out 2 380,036
Q serap 19.618,356
20.357,527 20.357,527
9. KOMPRESOR (G-226)
Klorometana Klorometana
Dimetil eter KOMPRESOR (G-226) Dimetil eter
O2 O2
T = 30˚C T = 365,6˚C
Contoh perhitungan:
Klorometana
Cp klorometana = 0,808 kJ/kg˚C
H klorometana = m.Cp.∆T
= 87,207 kg . 0,808 kJ/kg˚C . (30-25)˚C
= 293.809,620 kJ
Entalpi keluar
Suhu keluar = 365,6˚C
Komponen Massa (kg) Cp (kJ/kg˚C) H (kJ)
Klorometana 86,729 0,808 23.865,802
Dimetil eter 0,397 1,400 189,392
O2 0,039 1,838 24,106
Total 24.079,301
Masuk kJ Keluar kJ
H in 353,484 H out 24.079,301
W kerja 23.725,817
24.079,301 24.079,301
Steam
T= 315 ˚C
T = 70˚C T = 150˚C
Steam
T= 315 ˚C
Contoh perhitungan:
(CH3)2SiCl2
Cp (CH3)2SiCl2 = 0,920 kJ/kg˚C
H (CH3)2SiCl2 = m.Cp.∆T
= 784,141 kg . 0,920 kJ/kg˚C . (70-25)˚C
= 32.499,496 kJ
(CH3)2SiCl2 keluar
Cp (CH3)2SiCl2 = 0,920 kJ/kg˚C
∆Hv (CH3)2SiCl2 = 259,690 kJ/kg
H (CH3)2SiCl2 = m.Cp.∆T + m.∆Hv + m.Cp.∆T
= 784,141 kg . 0,920 kJ/kg˚C . (70-25)˚C + 784,141
kg . 259,690 kJ/kg + 784,141 kg . 0,920 kJ.kg˚C .
(150-70)˚C
= 293.809,620 kJ
Dengan cara yang sama, maka:
Entalpi masuk
Suhu masuk = 70˚C
Komponen Massa (kg) Cp (kJ/kg˚C) ∆Hv (kJ/kg) H (kJ)
(CH3)2SiCl2 784,141 0,920 259,690 32.499,496
CH3SiCl3 41,307 0,920 207,358 1.712,007
Total 34.211,502
Entalpi keluar
Suhu keluar = 150˚C
Komponen Massa (kg) Cp (kJ/kg˚C) ∆Hv (kJ/kg) H (kJ)
Klorometana 784,141 0,920 259,690 293.809,620
Dimetil eter 41,307 0,920 207,358 13.315,610
Total 307.125,230
NERACA ENERGI
H in + Q supply = H out + Q loss
Asumsi: Q loss = 5% Q supply
Masuk kJ Keluar kJ
H in 34.211,502 H out 307.125,230
Q supply 287.277,609 Q loss 14.363,880
321.489,111 321.489,111
Steam
T= 315 ˚C
T = 30˚C T = 150˚C
Steam
T= 315 ˚C
Contoh perhitungan:
Metanol keluar
Cp metanol = 0,920 kJ/kg˚C
∆Hv metanol = 259,690 kJ/kg
H metanol = m.Cp.∆T + m.∆Hv + m.Cp.∆T
= 784,141 kg . 0,920 kJ/kg˚C . (70-25)˚C + 784,141
kg . 259,690 kJ/kg + 784,141 kg . 0,920 kJ.kg˚C .
(150-70)˚C
= 293.809,620 kJ
Entalpi keluar
Suhu keluar = 150˚C
Komponen Massa (kg) Cp (kJ/kg˚C) ∆Hv (kJ/kg) H (kJ)
Metanol 542,867 2,538 (cair) 1100 715.846,009
1,378 (gas)
Aseton 1,088 2,178 (cair) 501,724 750,625
1,284 (gas)
Total 716.596,635
NERACA ENERGI
H in + Q supply = H out + Q loss
Asumsi: Q loss = 5% Q supply
Masuk kJ Keluar kJ
H in 6.899,466 H out 716.596,635
Q supply 747.049,651 Q loss 37.352,483
753.949,117 753.949,117
Metanol
Aseton
T = 150˚C D3
D4
D5
Klorometana
(CH3)2SiCl2 Dimetil eter
REAKTOR METANOLISIS
CH3SiCl3 Linear siloxane
(R-310) H2O
T = 150˚C (CH3)2SiCl2
Metanol
Aseton
CH3Si(OCH3)3
T = 150˚C
Contoh perhitungan:
(CH3)2SiCl2
Cp (CH3)2SiCl2 = 0,920 kJ/kg˚C
∆Hv (CH3)2SiCl2 = 259,690 kJ/kg
H (CH3)2SiCl2 masuk = m.Cp.∆T + m.∆Hv + m.Cp.∆T
= 784,141 kg . 0,920 kJ/kg˚C . (70-25)˚C + 784,141
kg . 259,690 kJ/kg + 784,141 kg . 0,920 kJ.kg˚C .
(150-70)˚C
= 293.809,620 kJ
Entalpi keluar
Komponen Massa (kg) Cp (kJ/kg˚C) ∆Hv H (kJ)
(kJ/kg)
D3 65,144 1,350 184,303 22.999,270
D4 304,005 1,350 153,722 98.033,107
D5 65,144 1,350 135,383 19.812,436
Klorometana 646,677 0,808 - 65.307,957
Dimetil eter 30,499 1,400 - 5.337,245
Linear 16,796 1,552 - 3.258,482
siloxane
H2O 126,688 4,184 (cair) 2257 338.331,688
1,996 (gas)
(CH3)2SiCl2 11,651 0,920 259,690 4.365,615
Metanol 64,134 2,538 (cair) 1100 84.569,204
1,378 (gas)
Aseton 1,088 2,178 (cair) 501,724 750,625
1,284 (gas)
CH3Si(OCH3)3 37,577 0,920 227,941 12.886,653
Total 655.652,284
Panas reaksi
Reaksi yang terjadi antara lain:
3 (CH3)2SiCl2 + 6 CH3OH D3 + 6 CH3Cl + 3 H2O ∆HR = 2.025 kJ/mol
4 (CH3)2SiCl2 + 8 CH3OH D4 + 8 CH3Cl + 4 H2O ∆HR = 2.700 kJ/mol
5 (CH3)2SiCl2 + 10 CH3OH D5 + 10 CH3Cl + 5 H2O ∆HR = 3.375 kJ/mol
(CH3)2SiCl2 + 6 CH3OH Linear + 2 HCl + 3 CH3OCH3 ∆HR = 1.091,91 kJ/mol
CH3SiCl3 + 3 CH3OH CH3Si(OCH3)3 + 3 HCl ∆HR = -1.037,4 kJ/mol
CH3OH + HCl CH3Cl + H2O ∆HR = 648,5 kJ/mol
Contoh perhitungan:
3 (CH3)2SiCl2 + 6 CH3OH D3 + 6 CH3Cl + 3 H2O
∆HR = 3.(2.(3.337,2)+2.435+2.456)+6.(3.337,2+1076,5+428)-
[6.(798+435+3.337,2)+6.(3.337,2+397)+3.(2.428)]
= 2025 kJ/mol
∆HR reaksi lainnya juga dihitung dengan cara yang sama.
Panas reaksi dihitung dari jumlah mol produk utama yang terbentuk.
3 (CH3)2SiCl2 + 6 CH3OH D3 + 6 CH3Cl + 3 H2O
Dari reaksi tersebut, terbentuk produk D3 sebanyak 0,293 kmol, sehingga Q
(panas reaksi):
Q = 0,293 kmol . 1000 mol/kmol . 2025 kJ/mol
= 592990,174 kJ
Panas reaksi untuk reaksi lain juga dihitung dengan cara yang sama.
Komponen Mol (kmol) ∆HR (kJ/mol) Q reaksi (kJ)
D3 0,293 2025 592.990,174
D4 1,025 2700 2.767.038,713
D5 0,176 3375 592.936,867
Linear siloxane 0,221 1091,91 241.316,424
CH3Si(OCH3)3 0,276 -1037,4 -286.634,097
NERACA ENERGI
H (CH3)2SiCl2 + H metanol + Q supply = H produk keluar + Q reaksi total + Q
loss
Asumsi: Q loss = 5% Q supply
Masuk kJ Keluar kJ
H (CH3)2SiCl2 307.125,230 H produk keluar 655.652,284
H metanol 716.596,635 Q reaksi total 4.731.832,751
Q supply 4.593.434,916 Q loss 229.671,746
5.617.156,781 5.617.156,781
Klorometana
D3
Dimetil eter D3
D4
D5 D4
T = 56˚C D5
Klorometana
Dimetil eter Linear siloxane
Linear siloxane H2O
H2O (CH3)2SiCl2
COOLER Metanol
(CH3)2SiCl2
Metanol Aseton
Aseton CH3Si(OCH3)3
CH3Si(OCH3)3 T = 56˚C
T = 150˚C
Contoh Perhitungan:
Klorometana
Cp klorometana = 0,808 kJ/kg˚C
H klorometana = m.Cp.∆T
= 646,677 kg . 0,808 kJ/kgK . (150-25)˚C
= 65.307,957 kJ
Dengan cara yang sama, maka:
Entalpi masuk
Suhu masuk = 150˚C
Entalpi Keluar
Suhu keluar = 56˚C
NERACA ENERGI
H in = H out 1 + H out 2 + Q serap
Masuk kJ Keluar kJ
H in 655.652,284 H out 1 39.602,371
H out 2 17.520,010
Q serap 598.529,903
655.652,284 655.652,284
Contoh Perhitungan:
Klorometana
Cp klorometana = 0,808 kJ/kg˚C
H klorometana = m.Cp.∆T
= 642,864 kg . 0,808 kJ/kgK . (30-25)˚C
= 2.596,916 kJ
Dengan cara yang sama, maka:
Entalpi masuk
Suhu masuk = 30˚C
Entalpi Keluar
Suhu Keluar = 365,6˚C
Masuk kJ Keluar kJ
H in 2.617,533 H out 178.306,355
W kerja 175.688,822
178.306,355 178.306,355
D3 T = 70˚C
D4
D3
D5
D4
Linear siloxane
D5
H2O HEATER (E-341) Linear siloxane
(CH3)2SiCl2
H2O
Metanol
CH3Si(OCH3)3
Aseton
CH3Si(OCH3)3 T = 70˚C
T = 56˚C
Contoh Perhitungan:
(CH3)2SiCl2
Cp (CH3)2SiCl2 = 0,920 kJ/kg˚C
∆Hv (CH3)2SiCl2 = 259,690 kJ/kg
H (CH3)2SiCl2 keluar = m.Cp.∆T + m.∆Hv + m.Cp.∆T
= 11,651 kg . 0,920 kJ/kg˚C . (70-25)˚C + 11,651
kg . 259,690 kJ/kg + 11,651 kg . 0,920 kJ.kg˚C .
(150-70)˚C
= 3.508,081 kJ
Dengan cara yang sama, maka:
Entalpi masuk
Suhu masuk = 56˚C
Entalpi Keluar
Suhu Keluar = 70˚C
NERACA ENERGI
H in + Q supply = H out 1 + H out 2 + Q loss
Asumsi: Q loss = 5% Q supply
Masuk kJ Keluar kJ
H in 39.602,371 H out 1 52.964,781
Q supply 100.008,206 H out 2 81.645,386
Q loss 5.000,410
139.610,577 139.610,577
Metanol
Aseton
T = 65˚C
(CH3)2SiCl2
Metanol COOLER (E-342) (CH3)2SiCl2
Aseton
T = 65˚C
T = 70˚C
Contoh Perhitungan:
(CH3)2SiCl2
Cp (CH3)2SiCl2 = 0,920 kJ/kg˚C
∆Hv (CH3)2SiCl2 = 259,690 kJ/kg
H (CH3)2SiCl2 masuk = m.Cp.∆T + m.∆Hv + m.Cp.∆T
= 11,651 kg . 0,920 kJ/kg˚C . (70-25)˚C + 11,651
kg . 259,690 kJ/kg + 11,651 kg . 0,920 kJ.kg˚C .
(150-70)˚C
= 3.508,081 kJ
Dengan cara yang sama, maka:
Entalpi masuk
Suhu masuk = 70˚C
Entalpi Keluar
Suhu keluar = 65˚C
NERACA ENERGI
H in = H out 1 + H out 2 + Q serap
Masuk kJ Keluar kJ
H in 81.645,386 H out 1 77.688,397
H out 2 482,363
Q serap 3.474,626
81.645,386 81.645,386
KOH
H3PO4
T = 30˚C
D3 Polysiloxane
D4 BM 139.000
D5 D3
REAKTOR ANIONIC
Linear siloxane D4
H2O POLYMERIZATION (R-410) D5
CH3Si(OCH3)3 H2O
T = 70˚C T = 150˚C
Sebelum terjadi reaksi, campuran masuk diaduk dan dipanaskan hingga 150˚C.
Perhitungan entalpi sama seperti perhitungan entalpi biasa.
Asumsi Q loss = 5% Q supply
Entalpi masuk
Suhu masuk = 70˚C
Komponen Massa (kg) Cp (kJ/kg˚C) H (kJ)
D3 69,895 1,350 4.246,114
D4 326,176 1,350 19.815,199
D5 69,895 1,350 4.246,114
Linear 16,796 1,552 1.173,054
siloxane
H2O 188,543 4,184 35.498,919
CH3Si(OCH3)3 37,577 0,920 1.555,682
Total 66.535,086
Masuk kJ Keluar kJ
H siloxane in 66.535,086 H produk keluar 164.193,128
Q supply 102.797,939 Q loss 5.139,897
169.333,025 169.333,025
KOH
H3PO4
T = 30˚C
D3 Polysiloxane
D4 BM 139.000
D5 D3
REAKTOR ANIONIC
Linear siloxane D4
H2O POLYMERIZATION (R-410) D5
CH3Si(OCH3)3 H2O
T = 70˚C T = 150˚C
Contoh perhitungan:
D3
Cp D3 = 1,350 kJ/kg˚C
H D3 masuk = m.Cp.∆T
= 69,895 kg . 1,350 kJ/kg˚C . (70-25)˚C
= 4.246,114 kJ
Dengan cara yang sama, maka:
Entalpi setelah pemanasan
Komponen Massa (kg) Cp (kJ/kg˚C) H (kJ)
D3 69,895 1,350 11.794,762
D4 326,176 1,350 55.042,221
D5 69,895 1,350 11.794,762
Linear 16,796 1,552 3.258,482
siloxane
H2O 188,543 4,184 77.981,480
CH3Si(OCH3)3 37,577 0,920 4.321,339
KOH 3,278.10-4 1,159 0,047
H3PO4 1,912.10-4 1,480 0,035
Total 164.193,128
Entalpi keluar
Komponen Massa (kg) Cp (kJ/kg˚C) H (kJ)
D3 12,581 1,350 2.123,057
D4 58,712 1,350 9.907,600
D5 12,581 1,350 2.123,057
Polysiloxane 461,205 1,552 89.473,864
BM 139.000
H2O 163,803 4,184 67.749,111
Total 171.376,688
NERACA ENERGI
H setelah pemanasan + H KOH + Q supply + Q polimerisasi = H produk keluar +
Q loss + Q serap
66.535,083 kJ + 0,003 kJ + 102.540,944 kJ + 28.462,849 kJ = 171.376,688 kJ +
4.882,902 kJ + Q serap
Q serap = 21.279,289 kJ
Masuk kJ Keluar kJ
H setelah 164.193,128 H produk keluar 171.376,688
pemanasan
Q polimerisasi 28.462,849 Q serap 21.279,289
192.655,978 192.655,978
Polysiloxane BM T= 315 ˚C
139.000 Cyclic siloxane
Cyclic siloxane H2 O
H2O +
HEATER (E-418)
Polysiloxane BM
T = 150˚C 139.000
T = 210˚C
Steam
T= 315 ˚C
Contoh perhitungan:
D3
Cp D3 = 1,350 kJ/kg˚C
H D3 = m.Cp.∆T
= 12,581 kg . 1,350 kJ/kg˚C . (150-25)˚C
= 2.123,057 kJ
Dengan cara yang sama, maka:
Entalpi masuk
Suhu masuk = 150˚C
Entalpi keluar
Suhu keluar = 210˚C
Komponen Massa (kg) Cp (kJ/kgK) ∆Hv (kJ/kg) H (kJ)
Polysiloxane 1,552
461,205 - 132.421,318
BM 139.000
Total 132.421,318
NERACA ENERGI
H in + Q supply = H out 1 + H out 2 + Q loss
Asumsi: Q loss = 5% Q supply
Masuk kJ Keluar kJ
H in 171.376,688 H out 1 132.421,318
Q supply 475.905,263 H out 2 491.065,370
Q loss 23.795,263
647.281,951 647.281,951
D3
D4
D5
H2O
T = 210˚C
Polysiloxane BM
139.000
D3 Polysiloxane
FLASH DISTILLATION
D4 BM 139.000
D5 (D-420)
H2O T = 210˚C
T = 210˚C
Contoh perhitungan:
D3
Cp D3 = 1,350 kJ/kg˚C
∆Hv D3 keluar = 184,303 kJ/kg
H D3 = m.Cp.∆T + m.∆Hv + m.Cp.∆T
= 12,581 kg . 1,350 kJ/kg˚C . (134-25)˚C + 11,651
kg . 184,303 kJ/kg + 12,581 kg . 1,350 kJ.kg˚C .
(210-134)˚C
= 5.460,853 kJ
Dengan cara yang sama, maka:
Entalpi masuk
Suhu masuk = 210˚C
Entalpi keluar
Suhu keluar = 210˚C
Komponen Massa (kg) Cp (kJ/kgK) ∆Hv (kJ/kg) H (kJ)
Polysiloxane 1,552
461,205 - 132.421,318
BM 139.000
Total 132.421,318
NERACA ENERGI
H in + Q supply = H out 1 + H out 2 + Q loss
Asumsi: Q loss = 5% Q supply
Masuk kJ Keluar kJ
H in 623.486,668 H out 1 132.421,318
H out 2 491.065,370
623.486,668 623.486,668
T = 210˚C
Polysiloxane
BM 139.000
T = 55˚C
Contoh Perhitungan:
Polysiloxane BM 139.000
Cp Polysiloxane BM 139.000 = 1,552 kJ/kg˚C
H Polysiloxane BM 139.000 = m.Cp.∆T
= 461,205 kg . 1,552 kJ/kgK . (483,15-
298,15)K
= 132421,3181 kJ
Dengan cara yang sama, maka:
Entalpi masuk
Suhu masuk = 210˚C
Entalpi Keluar
Suhu Keluar = 55˚C
NERACA ENERGI
H in = H out + Q serap
132.421,318 kJ = 3.578,955 kJ + Q serap
Q serap = 128.842,364kJ
Masuk kJ Keluar kJ
H in 132.421,318 H out 3.578,954
Q serap 128.842,364
Total 132.421,318 Total 132.421,318