Not logged in Talk Contributions Create account Log in

Article Talk Read Edit View history Search Wikipedia

Prime Minister of Australia

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Main page This article is about the office of the Prime Minister of Australia. For a list of Australian Prime Ministers, see List of Prime Ministers of Australia.
Contents
The Prime Minister of Australia (abbreviated PM) is the head of government of Australia. The individual who
Featured content Prime Minister of Australia
Current events
holds the office is the most senior Minister of the Crown, the leader of the Cabinet and the chairperson of the
Random article National Security Committee. The Prime Minister also has the responsibility of administering the Department of
Donate to Wikipedia the Prime Minister and Cabinet. The office is not mentioned in the Constitution of Australia and exists only
Wikipedia store through longstanding political convention and tradition. The individual who holds the office is commissioned by
the Governor-General of Australia and at the Governor-General's pleasure subject to the Constitution of
Interaction Commonwealth Coat of Arms
Australia.
Help
About Wikipedia Almost always and according to convention, the Prime Minister is the leader of the majority party or largest party
Community portal in a coalition of parties in the House of Representatives and continues to be so as long as they command the
Recent changes confidence of this House. Some commentators argue that the Governor-General may also dismiss a Prime
Contact page Minister who is unable to pass the government's supply bill through both houses of parliament, including the

Tools Australian Senate, where the government doesn't normally command the majority, as happened in the 1975
constitutional crisis. Other commentators argue that the Governor General acted improperly in 1975 as Whitlam
What links here
Related changes still retained the confidence of the House of Representatives, and there are no generally accepted conventions
Upload file to guide the use of the Governor General's reserve powers in this circumstance.[2] However, there is no
Special pages constitutional requirement that the Prime Minister sit in the House of Representatives, or even be a member of
Permanent link the federal parliament (subject to a constitutionally prescribed limit of three months), though by convention this is
Page information
always the case. The only case where a member of the Senate was appointed Prime Minister was John Gorton,
Wikidata item
who subsequently resigned his Senate position and was elected as a member of the House of Representatives.
Cite this page
Scott Morrison has held the office of Prime Minister since 24 August 2018. He received his commission after Incumbent
Print/export Scott Morrison
replacing Malcolm Turnbull as the leader of the Liberal Party, the dominant party in the Coalition government,
since 24 August 2018
Create a book following the outcome of a Liberal Party leadership spill on the same date.[4]
Download as PDF Government of Australia
Printable version Contents [hide] Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet

1 Constitutional basis and appointment Style The Honourable

In other projects
(formal)
2 Powers and role
Wikimedia Commons Prime Minister
3 Privileges of office
(spoken)
Languages 3.1 Salary
His/Her Excellency
3.2 Allowances (in international correspondence)[1]
‫ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺑﻳﺔ‬
Español 3.3 After office
Member Cabinet · National Security
Français 4 Acting and interim Prime Ministers of Committee · Federal Executive
Galego 5 Former Prime Ministers Council
िह दी 6 Ages Reports to Parliament, Governor-General
Bahasa Indonesia 7 List and timeline Residence The Lodge · Kirribilli House
Português
8 See also Seat Canberra
Русский
9 Notes
中文 Appointer Governor-General of Australia
10 References by convention, based on appointee's
37 more 11 Further reading
ability to command confidence in the
House of Representatives[2]
Edit links 12 External links Term At the Governor-General's pleasure
length contingent on the Prime Minister's ability
to command confidence in the lower
house of Parliament[3]
Constitutional basis and appointment [ edit ]
Inaugural Edmund Barton
The Prime Minister of Australia is appointed by the Governor-General of Australia under Section 64 of the holder
Australian Constitution, which empowers the Governor-General, as the official representative of the monarch, to Formation 1 January 1901
appoint government ministers of state and requires them to be members of the House of Representatives or the Deputy Michael McCormack
Senate, or become members within three months of the appointment. The Prime Minister and Treasurer are Salary $527,852 (AUD)
traditionally members of the House, but the Constitution does not have such a requirement.[5] Before being Website p m.gov.au
sworn in as a Minister of the Crown, a person must first be sworn in as a
member of the Federal Executive Council if they are not already a Australia
member. Membership of the Federal Executive Council entitles the
member to the style of The Honourable (usually abbreviated to The Hon)
for life, barring exceptional circumstances. The senior members of the
Executive Council constitute the Cabinet of Australia.

The Prime Minister is, like other ministers, normally sworn in by the
Governor-General and then presented with the commission (Letters This article is part of a series on the
patent) of office. When defeated in an election, or on resigning, the politics and government of
Australia's first Prime Minister, Australia
Edmund Barton at the central table in Prime Minister is said to "hand in the commission" and actually does so
Constitution [show]
the House of Representatives in 1901. by returning it to the Governor-General. In the event of a Prime Minister
The Crown [show]
dying in office, or becoming incapacitated, or for other reasons, the
Executive [show]
Governor-General can terminate the commission. Ministers hold office
Legislature [show]
"during the pleasure of the Governor-General" (s. 64 of the Constitution of Australia), so theoretically, the
Judiciary [show]
Governor-General can dismiss a minister at any time, by notifying them in writing of the termination of their
Elections [show]
commission; however, their power to do so except on the advice of the Prime Minister is heavily circumscribed by
States and territories [show]
convention.
Local government [show]
Despite the importance of the office of Prime Minister, the Constitution does not mention the office by name. The
Related topics [show]
conventions of the Westminster system were thought to be sufficiently entrenched in Australia by the authors of
Other countries · Atlas
the Constitution that it was deemed unnecessary to detail them. The formal title of the portfolio has always been
simply "Prime Minister", except for the period of the Fourth Deakin Ministry (June 1909 to April 1910), when it V ·T ·E
was known as "Prime Minister (without portfolio)".[6]

If a government cannot get its appropriation (budget) legislation passed by the House of Representatives, or the House passes a vote of "no confidence" in
the government, the Prime Minister is bound by convention to immediately advise the Governor-General to dissolve the House of Representatives and hold a
fresh election.

Following a resignation in other circumstances or the death of a Prime Minister, the governor-general will generally appoint as Prime Minister the person
elected as leader by the governing party or, in the case of a coalition, the senior party in the coalition. There have been four notable exceptions to this:

When Joseph Lyons, Prime Minister and leader of the United Australia Party (UAP), died suddenly in April 1939, the governor-general, Lord Gowrie, called
on Sir Earle Page to become caretaker Prime Minister. Page was the leader of the smaller party in the governing coalition, the Country Party. He held the
office for three weeks until the UAP elected a new leader, Robert Menzies.
In August 1941 Menzies resigned as Prime Minister. The UAP was so bereft of leadership at this time that the Country Party leader Arthur Fadden was
invited to become Prime Minister, although the Country Party was the smaller of the two coalition parties. The government depended on support from two
independents, who two months later voted against Fadden's budget and brought the government down, paving the way for John Curtin to be appointed as
Labor Prime Minister.
In July 1945 John Curtin died suddenly. His deputy, Frank Forde, was sworn in the next day as Prime Minister, although the Labor Party had not had an
opportunity to meet and elect a new leader. Forde served for eight days until Ben Chifley was elected leader. Chifley was then sworn in, replacing Forde,
who became Australia's shortest-serving Prime Minister.
Harold Holt disappeared while swimming on 17 December 1967 and was declared presumed dead on 19 December. The governor-general, Lord Casey,
commissioned the Leader of the Country Party, John McEwen, to form a government until the Liberal Party elected a new leader. McEwen was Prime
Minister for 23 days, until the election of (then Senator) John Gorton.

Excluding the brief transition periods during changes of government or leadership elections, there have only been a handful of cases where someone other
than the leader of the majority party in the House of Representatives was Prime Minister:

Federation occurred on 1 January 1901, but elections for the first parliament were not scheduled until late March. In the interim, an unelected caretaker
government was necessary. In what is now known as the Hopetoun Blunder, the governor-general, Lord Hopetoun, invited Sir William Lyne, the premier of
the most populous state, New South Wales, to form a government. Lyne was unable to do so and returned his commission in favour of Edmund Barton,
who became the first Prime Minister and led the inaugural government into and beyond the election.
During the second parliament, three parties (Free Trade, Protectionist and Labor) had roughly equal representation in the House of Representatives. The
leaders of the three parties, Alfred Deakin, George Reid and Chris Watson each served as Prime Minister before losing a vote of confidence.
As a result of the Labor Party's split over conscription, Billy Hughes and his supporters were expelled from the Labor Party in November 1916. He
subsequently continued on as prime minister at the head of the new National Labor Party, which had only 14 members out of a total of 75 in the House of
Representatives. The Commonwealth Liberal Party – despite still forming the Official Opposition – provided confidence and supply until February 1917,
when the two parties agree to merge and form the Nationalist Party.
During the 1975 constitutional crisis, on 11 November 1975, the governor-general, Sir John Kerr, dismissed the Labor Party's Gough Whitlam as Prime
Minister. Despite Labor holding a majority in the House of Representatives, Kerr appointed the Leader of the Opposition, Liberal leader Malcolm Fraser as
caretaker Prime Minister, conditional on the passage of the Whitlam government's Supply bills through the Senate and the calling of an election for both
houses of parliament. Fraser accepted these terms and immediately advised a double dissolution. An election was called for 13 December, which the
Liberal Party won in its own right (although the Liberals governed in a coalition with the Country Party).

Powers and role [ edit ]

Most of the Prime Minister's powers derive from being head of Government. In practice, the Federal Executive Council will
act to ratify all decisions made by the cabinet and decisions of the cabinet will always require the support of the Prime
Minister. The powers of the governor-general to grant Royal Assent to legislation, to dissolve and prorogue parliament, to
call elections and to make appointments are exercised on the advice of the Prime Minister.

The Prime Minister is also the responsible minister for the Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet, which is tasked
with supporting the policy agendas of the Prime Minister and Cabinet through policy advice and the coordination of the
implementation of key government programs, to manage Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander policy and programs and to
promote reconciliation, to provide leadership for the Australian Public Service alongside the Australian Public Service
The first Prime Minister of
Commission, to oversee the honours and symbols of the Commonwealth, to provide support to ceremonies and official Australia, Edmund Barton (sitting
visits, to set whole of government service delivery policy, and to coordinate national security, cyber, counterterrorism, second from left), with his Cabinet,
1901.
regulatory reform, cities, population, data, and women's policy.[7]

The formal power to appoint the Governor-General lies with the Queen of Australia, but this appointment is done on the
formal advice of the Prime Minister. By convention, this advice is provided by the Prime Minister alone, and thus the appointment is effectively the Prime
Minister's personal choice. The Prime Minister may also advise the monarch to dismiss the Governor-General, though it remains unclear how quickly the
monarch would act on such advice in a constitutional crisis. This uncertainty, and the possibility of a "race" between the Governor-General and Prime Minister
to sack the other, was a key question in the 1975 constitutional crisis.

The power of the Prime Minister is subject to a number of limitations. Prime Ministers removed as leader of their party, or whose government loses a vote of
no-confidence in the House of Representatives, are expected to advise an election of the lower house or resign the office. If they fail to do this they will be
dismissed by the Governor-General.[8]

The Prime Minister's party will normally have a majority in the House of Representatives and party discipline is exceptionally strong in Australian politics, so
passage of the government's legislation through the House of Representatives is mostly a formality. Attaining the support of the Senate can be more difficult
as government usually lacks an absolute majority because the Senate's representation is based on the overall proportion of votes and often includes minor
parties.

Privileges of office [ edit ]

Salary [ edit ]

On 1 July 2017, the Australian Government's Remuneration Tribunal adjusted the Prime Ministerial salary, raising it to its Prime Ministerial salary history
current amount of $527,852,[15] which was equivalent then to ten times the wage of the average Australian. As of May Effective date Salary
2018, this made the Australian Prime Minister the highest paid leader in the OECD.[16] 2 June 1999 $289,270
6 September 2006 $309,270
Allowances [ edit ]
1 July 2007 $330,356
Whilst in office, the Prime Minister has two official residences. The primary official
1 October 2009 $340,704[9]
residence is The Lodge in Canberra. Most Prime Ministers have chosen The Lodge
as their primary residence because of its security facilities and close proximity to 1 August 2010 $354,671[10]
 Parliament House. There have been some exceptions, however. James Scullin 1 July 2011 $366,366
preferred to live at the Hotel Canberra (now the Hyatt Hotel) and Ben Chifley lived in
1 December 2011 $440,000
the Hotel Kurrajong. More recently, John Howard used the Sydney Prime Ministerial
15 March 2012 $481,000[11]
residence, Kirribilli House, as his primary accommodation. On her appointment on 24
Prime Ministers Curtin, Fadden, June 2010, Julia Gillard said she would not be living in The Lodge until such time as 1 July 2012 $495,430[12]
Hughes, Menzies and Governor- she was returned to office by popular vote at the next general election. (She became 1 July 2013 $507,338[13]
General The Duke of Gloucester
Prime Minister mid-term after replacing the incumbent, Kevin Rudd, who resigned in 1 January 2016 $517,504[14]
2nd from left, in 1945.
the face of an unwinnable party-room ballot.) Tony Abbott was never able to occupy
1 July 2017 $527,852[15]
The Lodge during his term (2013–15) as it was undergoing extensive renovations,
which continued into the early part of his successor Malcolm Turnbull's term.[17] Instead, Abbott resided in dedicated rooms at the Australian Federal Police
College when in Canberra.

During his first term, Rudd had a staff at The Lodge consisting of a senior chef and an assistant chef, a child carer, one senior house attendant, and two
junior house attendants. At Kirribilli House in Sydney, there is one full-time chef and one full-time house attendant.[18] The official residences are fully staffed
and catered for both the Prime Minister and their family. In addition, both have extensive security facilities. These residences are regularly used for official
entertaining, such as receptions for Australian of the Year finalists.

The Prime Minister receives a number of transport amenities for official business. The Royal Australian Air Force's No. 34 Squadron transports the Prime
Minister within Australia and overseas by specially converted Boeing Business Jets and smaller Challenger aircraft. The aircraft contain secure
communications equipment as well as an office, conference room and sleeping compartments. The call-sign for the aircraft is "Envoy". For ground travel, the
Prime Minister is transported in an armoured BMW 7 Series model. It is referred to as "C-1", or Commonwealth One, because of its licence plate. It is escorted
by police vehicles from state and federal authorities.[19]

Privileges of office

The Lodge Kirribilli House Prime Ministerial car

Official aircraft

After office [ edit ]

Politicians, including Prime Ministers, are usually granted certain privileges after leaving office, such as office accommodation, staff assistance, and a Life
Gold Pass, which entitles the holder to travel within Australia for "non-commercial" purposes at government expense. In 2018, Prime Minister Malcolm Turnbull
said the pass should be available only to former prime ministers, though he would not use it when he was no longer PM.[20]

Only one Prime Minister who had left the Federal Parliament ever returned. Stanley Bruce was defeated in his own seat in 1929 while Prime Minister but was
re-elected to parliament in 1931. Other Prime Ministers were elected to parliaments other than the Australian federal parliament: Sir George Reid was elected
to the UK House of Commons (after his term as High Commissioner to the UK), and Frank Forde was re-elected to the Queensland Parliament (after his term
as High Commissioner to Canada, and a failed attempt to re-enter the Federal Parliament).

Acting and interim Prime Ministers [ edit ]

From time to time Prime Ministers are required to leave the country on government business and a deputy acts in their place during that time. In the days
before jet aircraft, such absences could be for extended periods. For example, William Watt was acting Prime Minister for 16 months, from April 1918 until
August 1919, when Prime Minister Billy Hughes was away at the Paris Peace Conference,[21] and Senator George Pearce was acting Prime Minister for more
than seven months in 1916.[22] An acting Prime Minister is also appointed when the prime minister takes leave. The Deputy Prime Minister most commonly
becomes acting Prime Minister in those circumstances.

Three Prime Ministers have died in office – Joseph Lyons (1939), John Curtin (1945) and Harold Holt (1967) – and Robert Menzies resigned as Prime Minister
in 1941. In each of these cases, the Deputy Prime Minister (an unofficial office at the time) became an interim Prime Minister, pending an election of a new
leader of the government party. In none of these cases was the interim Prime Minister successful at the subsequent election.

Former Prime Ministers [ edit ]

As of August 2018, there are seven living former Australian Prime Ministers.[23]

Bob Hawke Paul Keating Kevin Rudd Tony Abbott,

John Howard Julia Gillard Malcolm Turnbull,
In office: In office: In office: In office: In office:
In office: 1996–2007 In office: 2010–2013
1983–1991 1991–1996 2007–2010; 2013 2013–2015 2015–2018
Age: 79 Age: 56
Age: 88 Age: 74 Age: 60 Age: 60 Age: 63

The greatest number of living former Prime Ministers at any one time was eight. This has occurred twice:
 Between 7 October 1941 (when John Curtin succeeded Arthur Fadden) and 18 November 1941 (when Chris Watson died), the eight living former Prime
Ministers were Bruce, Cook, Fadden, Hughes, Menzies, Page, Scullin and Watson.
Between 13 July 1945 (when Ben Chifley succeeded Frank Forde) and 30 July 1947 (when Sir Joseph Cook died), the eight living former Prime Ministers
were Bruce, Cook, Fadden, Forde, Hughes, Menzies, Page and Scullin.

Of the other Prime Ministers, Ben Chifley died only one year and six months after leaving the Prime Ministership and Alfred Deakin lived another nine years
and five months.[24]

All the others who have left office have lived at least another 10 years. Nine of them (Bruce, Cook, Fadden, Forde, Fraser, Gorton, Hughes, Watson, and
Whitlam) lived more than 25 years after leaving the office, and all but one of them have survived longer than 30 years (Hughes lived for 29 years and 8
months following service). Bob Hawke, who is, as of 2017, still alive, has also lived 25 years beyond the end of his prime ministership.

The longest-surviving was Gough Whitlam, who lived 38 years and 11 months after office, surpassing Stanley Bruce's previous record of 37 years and 10
months after leaving the office.[25]

Ages [ edit ]

The three youngest people when they first became Prime Minister were:

Chris Watson – 37[26]

Stanley Bruce – 39[27]
Robert Menzies – 44[28]

The three oldest people when they first became Prime Minister were:

John McEwen – 67[29]

William McMahon – 63[30]
Malcolm Turnbull – 60

The three youngest people to last leave the office of Prime Minister were:

Chris Watson – 37 Four Australian prime ministers – Forde, Curtin, Menzies, and
Arthur Fadden – 46 years 5 months 22 days[31] Hughes – at a meeting of the Advisory War Council in 1940.

Stanley Bruce – 46 years 6 months 7 days

The three oldest people to last leave the office of Prime Minister were:

Robert Menzies – 71
John Howard – 68
John McEwen – 67

List and timeline [ edit ]

Main article: List of Prime Ministers of Australia

The longest-serving Prime Minister was Sir Robert Menzies, who served in office twice: from 26 April 1939 to 28 August 1941, and again from 19 December
1949 to 26 January 1966. In total Robert Menzies spent 18 years, 5 months and 12 days in office. He served under the United Australia Party and the Liberal
Party respectively.

The shortest-serving Prime Minister was Frank Forde, who was appointed to the position on 6 July 1945 after the death of John Curtin, and served until 13
July 1945 when Ben Chifley was elected leader of the Australian Labor Party.

The last Prime Minister to serve out a full government term in the office was John Howard, who won the 2004 election and lead his party to the 2007 election,
but lost. Since then, the five subsequent Prime Ministers have all been either voted out of the office mid-term by the caucuses of their own parties, assumed
the office mid-term under such circumstances, or both.

Parties

Australian Labor Party Liberal Party of Australia Australian Country Party Nationalist Party of Australia United Australia Party
Commonwealth Liberal Party National Labor Party Free Trade Party Protectionist Party

Name Elections
No. Portrait Party Term of office Electorate served Ministry Ref
(birth–death) won

Sir Edmund Barton 1 January 24 September Hunter, NSW, [32]

1 Protectionist 1901 Barton
(1849–1920) 1901 1903 1901–1903 (resigned)

Alfred Deakin 24 September 27 April Ballaarat, Vic,[Note 1] [33]

2 Protectionist 1903 1st Deakin
(1856–1919) 1903 1904 1901–1913 (retired)

Bland, NSW,
Chris Watson 27 April 18 August 1901–1906 [26]
3 Labour — Watson
(1867–1941) 1904 1904 South Sydney, NSW,
1906–1910 (retired)

George Reid 18 August 5 July East Sydney, NSW, [34]

4 Free Trade — Reid
(1845–1918) 1904 1905 1901–1909 (resigned)

— 2nd Deakin
Alfred Deakin 5 July 13 November Ballaarat, Vic,[Note 1]
(2) Protectionist
(1856–1919) 1905 1908 1901–1913 (retired) 1906 3rd Deakin

Andrew Fisher 13 November 2 June Wide Bay, Qld, [35]

5 Labour — 1st Fisher
(1862–1928) 1908 1909 1901–1915 (resigned)
 Alfred Deakin Commonwealth 2 June 29 April Ballaarat, Vic,[Note 1]
(2) — 4th Deakin
(1856–1919) Liberal 1909 1910 1901–1913 (retired)

Andrew Fisher 29 April 24 June Wide Bay, Qld,

(5) Labor 1910 2nd Fisher
(1862–1928) 1910 1913 1901–1915 (resigned)

Joseph Cook Commonwealth 24 June 17 September Parramatta, NSW, [36]

6 1913 Cook
(1860–1947) Liberal 1913 1914 1901–1921 (resigned)

Andrew Fisher 17 September 27 October Wide Bay, Qld,

(5) Labor 1914 3rd Fisher
(1862–1928) 1914 1915 1901–1915 (resigned)

27 October 14 November West Sydney, NSW,

Labor — 1st Hughes
1915 1916 1901–1917

14 November 17 February Bendigo, Vic,

7 Billy Hughes National Labor 1917–1922
— 2nd Hughes
1916 1917 [37]
(1862–1952) North Sydney, NSW,
— 3rd Hughes
17 February 9 February 1922–1949
Nationalist 1917 4th Hughes
1917 1923 Bradfield, NSW,
1949–1952 (died) 1919 5th Hughes

1922 1st Bruce

Flinders, Vic,
Stanley Bruce Nationalist 9 February 22 October
8 1918–1929 (defeated) ; 1925 2nd Bruce [27]
(1883–1967) (Coalition) 1923 1929
1931–1933 (resigned) 1928 3rd Bruce

Corangamite, Vic,
James Scullin 22 October 6 January 1910–1913 (defeated)
[38]
9 Labor 1929 Scullin
(1876–1953) 1929 1932 Yarra, Vic,
1922–1949 (retired)

1931 1st Lyons

United
Joseph Lyons 6 January 7 April Wilmot, Tas, 1934 2nd Lyons
10 Australia [39]
(1879–1939) 1932 1939† 1929–1939 (died) — 3rd Lyons
(Coalition)
1937 4th Lyons

Sir Earle Page Country 7 April 26 April Cowper, NSW [40]

11 — Page
(1880–1961) (Coalition) 1939 1939 1919–1961 (defeated)

1st Menzies
United —
Robert Menzies 26 April 28 August Kooyong, Vic, [28]
12 Australia 2nd Menzies
(1894–1978) 1939 1941 1934–1966 (resigned)
(Coalition) 1940 3rd Menzies

Darling Downs, Qld

Arthur Fadden Country 28 August 7 October 1936–1949 [31]
13 — Fadden
(1894–1973) (Coalition) 1941 1941 McPherson, Qld
1949–1958 (retired)

— 1st Curtin
Fremantle, WA,
John Curtin 7 October 5 July
14 Labor 1928–1931 (defeated) ;
(1885–1945) 1941 1945† 1943 2nd Curtin
1934–1945 (died)

Frank Forde 6 July 13 July Capricornia, Qld,

15 Labor — Forde
(1890–1983) 1945 1945 1922–1946 (defeated)

— 1st Chifley
Macquarie, NSW,
Ben Chifley 13 July 19 December
16 Labor 1928–1931 (defeated) ;
(1885–1951) 1945 1949 1946 2nd Chifley
1940–1951 (died)

1949 4th Menzies

1951 5th Menzies

1954 6th Menzies

Sir Robert Menzies Liberal 19 December 26 January Kooyong, Vic,
(12) 1955 7th Menzies
(1894–1978) (Coalition) 1949 1966 1934–1966 (resigned)
1958 8th Menzies

1961 9th Menzies

1963 10th Menzies

Fawkner, Vic, — 1st Holt

Harold Holt Liberal 26 January 19 December 1935–1949
17
(1908–1967) (Coalition) 1966 1967† Higgins, Vic, 1966 2nd Holt
1949–1967 (disappeared)

Echuca, Vic,
1934–1937
John McEwen Country 19 December 10 January Indi, Vic,
18 — McEwen
(1900–1980) (Coalition) 1967 1968 1937–1949
 Murray, Vic,
1949–1971 (resigned)

Senator 1950–1968 — 1st Gorton

(resigned)[Note 2]
John Gorton Liberal 10 January 10 March
19
(1911–2002) (Coalition) 1968 1971 MP for Higgins, Vic, 1969 2nd Gorton
1968–1975 (retired)[Note 3]

William McMahon Liberal 10 March 5 December Lowe, NSW,

20 — McMahon
(1908–1988) (Coalition) 1971 1972 1949–1982 (resigned)

1972 1st Whitlam

Gough Whitlam 5 December 11 November Werriwa, NSW, — 2nd Whitlam
21 Labor
(1916–2014) 1972 1975 1952–1978 (resigned)
1974 3rd Whitlam

— 1st Fraser

Malcolm Fraser Liberal 11 November 11 March Wannon, Vic, 1975 2nd Fraser
22
(1930–2015) (Coalition) 1975 1983 1955–1983 (resigned) 1977 3rd Fraser

1980 4th Fraser

1983 1st Hawke

Bob Hawke 11 March 20 December Wills, Vic, 1984 2nd Hawke

23 Labor
(1929–) 1983 1991 1980–1992 (resigned) 1987 3rd Hawke

1990 4th Hawke

— 1st Keating
Paul Keating 20 December 11 March Blaxland, NSW,
24 Labor
(1944–) 1991 1996 1969–1996 (resigned) 1993 2nd Keating

1996 1st Howard

John Howard Liberal 11 March 3 December Bennelong, NSW, 1998 2nd Howard
25
(1939–) (Coalition) 1996 2007 1974–2007 (defeated) 2001 3rd Howard

2004 4th Howard

Kevin Rudd 3 December 24 June Griffith, Qld,

26 Labor 2007 1st Rudd
(1957–) 2007 2010 1998–2013 (resigned)

— 1st Gillard
Julia Gillard 24 June 27 June Lalor, Vic,
27 Labor
(1961–) 2010 2013 1998–2013 (retired) 2010 2nd Gillard

Kevin Rudd 27 June 18 September Griffith, Qld,

(26) Labor — 2nd Rudd
(1957–) 2013 2013 1998–2013 (resigned)

Tony Abbott Liberal 18 September 15 September Warringah, NSW,

28 2013 Abbott
(1957–) (Coalition) 2013 2015 since 1994

— 1st Turnbull
Malcolm Turnbull Liberal 15 September 24 August Wentworth, NSW,
29
(1954–) (Coalition) 2015 2018 2004–2018 (resigned) 2016 2nd Turnbull

Scott Morrison Liberal 24 August Cook, NSW,

30 Incumbent — Morrison
(1968–) (Coalition) 2018 Since 2007

See also [ edit ]

Deputy Prime Minister of Australia

List of Prime Ministers of Australia
List of Prime Ministers of Australia by age
List of Prime Ministers of Australia by time in office
List of Prime Ministers of Australia (graphical)
Historical rankings of Prime Ministers of Australia
Prime Ministers Avenue in Horse Chestnut Avenue in the Ballarat Botanical Gardens contains a collection of bronze busts of former Australian Prime
Ministers.
Spouse of the Prime Minister of Australia
Transportation of the Prime Minister of Australia
List of Australian Leaders of the Opposition
Prime Ministers of Queen Elizabeth II
List of Commonwealth Heads of Government
List of Privy Counsellors (1952–present)
Prime Minister's XI

Notes [ edit ]
 1. ^ a bc
The Electoral Division of Ballaarat was spelled with a double a until 3. ^ Gorton retired from the House of Representatives at the double dissolution
1977. of 11 November 1975, and stood for an Australian Capital Territory Senate
2. ^ Gorton was elected to the Senate at the general election of 10 December seat as an independent at the general election of 13 December 1975, but was
1949, but his term did not commence until 22 February 1950. He was unsuccessful.
appointed Prime Minister on 10 January 1968; resigned from the Senate on
1 February; and was elected to the House of Representatives at a by-election
on 24 February.

References [ edit ]

1. ^ "Heads of State, Government and Ministers for Foreign Affairs" (PDF). 23. ^ Cox, Lisa. "The 'special moment' seven surviving Prime Ministers were
UN. United Nations Foreign and Protocol Service. photographed together" .
2. ^ a b
Australia's Constitution : With Overview and Notes by the Australian 24. ^ "After office" . naa.gov.au.
Government Solicitor (Pocket ed.). Canberra: Parliamentary Education 25. ^ "Prime Minister of Australia" . Australian Policy Online. Archived from the
Office and Australian Government Solicitor. 2010. p. v. ISBN 9781742293431. original on 17 September 2015.
3. ^ "9 - Motions" . House of Representatives Practice, 6th Ed – HTML 26. ^ a b
Nairn, Bede (1990). "Watson, John Christian (1867–1941)" . Australian
version. Parliament of Australia. Retrieved 23 February 2018. Dictionary of Biography. Canberra: Australian National University. Retrieved
4. ^ "Scott Morrison sworn in as Australia's 30th Prime Minister" . ABC News. 2008-10-21.
15 September 2015. Retrieved 23 August 2018. 27. ^ a b
Radi, Heather (1979). "Bruce, Stanley Melbourne [Viscount Bruce]
5. ^ "No. 14 - Ministers in the Senate" . Senate Briefs. Parliament of Australia. (1883–1967)" . Australian Dictionary of Biography. Canberra: Australian
December 2016. National University. Retrieved 2008-10-21.
6. ^ "ParlInfo – Part 6 – Historical information on the Australian Parliament : 28. ^ a b
Martin, A. W. "Menzies, Sir Robert Gordon (Bob) (1894–1978)" .
Ministries and Cabinets" . aph.gov.au. Australian Dictionary of Biography. Canberra: Australian National University.
7. ^ "Administrative Arrangements Order" (PDF). Department of the Prime Retrieved 2008-11-22.
Minister and Cabinet. Commonwealth of Australia. 1 September 2016. 29. ^ "McEwen, Sir John (1900–1980)" . Australian Dictionary of Biography.
Retrieved 11 January 2017. 30. ^ "McMahon, Sir William (Billy) (1908–1988)" . Australian Dictionary of
8. ^ Kerr, John. "Statement from John Kerr (dated 11 November 1975) explaining Biography.
his decisions" . WhitlamDismissal.com. Retrieved 11 January 2017. 31. ^ a b Cribb, Margaret Bridson. "Fadden, Sir Arthur William (1894–1973)" .
9. ^ "Prime Minister Kevin Rudd and MPs in line to get a 3% pay rise" . Australian Dictionary of Biography. Canberra: Australian National University.
10. ^ Hudson, Phillip (25 August 2010). "Politicians awarded secret pay rise" . Retrieved 2008-11-22.
Herald Sun. Australia. 32. ^ Rutledge, Martha. "Barton, Sir Edmund (1849–1920)" . Australian
11. ^ [1] Archived 13 April 2013 at the Wayback Machine. Dictionary of Biography. Australian National University. Retrieved 2008-10-21.
12. ^ "Tony Abbott defends increase in MP salary, saying he's working hard for 33. ^ Norris, R. (1981). "Deakin, Alfred (1856–1919)" . Australian Dictionary of
every Australian" . Herald Sun. 5 July 2012. Biography. Canberra: Australian National University. Retrieved 2008-10-21.
13. ^ Peatling, Stephanie (14 June 2013). "PM's salary tops $500,000" . Sydney 34. ^ McMinn, W. G. "Reid, Sir George Houstoun (1845–1918)" . Australian
Morning Herald. Dictionary of Biography. Australian National University. Retrieved 2008-10-21.
14. ^ Mannheim, Markus (10 December 2015). "Politicians, judges and top public 35. ^ Murphy, D. J. "Fisher, Andrew (1862–1928)" . Australian Dictionary of
servants to gain 2% pay rise after wage freeze" . Canberra Times. Biography. Australian National University. Retrieved 2008-10-21.
15. ^ a b
"Politicians under fire for pay increases while penalty rates cut, One 36. ^ Crowley, F. K. "Cook, Sir Joseph (1860–1947)" . Australian Dictionary of
Nation wants to reject rise" . 23 June 2017. Biography. Australian National University. Retrieved 2008-10-21.
16. ^ Bagshaw, Eryk (26 May 2018). "At $528,000 a year, Turnbull's pay is 37. ^ Fitzhardinge, L. F. "Hughes, William Morris (Billy) (1862–1952)" .
highest of any leader in OECD" . The Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved Australian Dictionary of Biography. Australian National University. Retrieved
22 June 2018. 2008-10-21.
17. ^ Canberra Times, 18 August 2017 . Retrieved 12 June 2018 38. ^ Robertson, J. R. (1988). "Scullin, James Henry (1876–1953)" . Australian
18. ^ Metherell, Mark (19 February 2008). "Rudds' staff extends to a child carer Dictionary of Biography. Canberra: Australian National University. Retrieved
at the Lodge" . The Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved 24 June 2010. 2008-10-21.
19. ^ CarAdvice.com.au (6 April 2009). "25% of government car fleet foreign 39. ^ Hart, P. R. (1986). "Lyons, Joseph Aloysius (1879–1939)" . Australian
made" . Car Advice. Retrieved 12 December 2011. Dictionary of Biography. Canberra: Australian National University. Retrieved
20. ^ Hutchens, Gareth (7 February 2017). "Malcolm Turnbull to scrap Life Gold 2008-10-21.
Pass for former MPs" . the Guardian. 40. ^ Bridge, Carl. "Page, Sir Earle Christmas Grafton (1880–1961)" . Australian
21. ^ "Australian Dictionary of Biography – William Alexander Watt" . ADB Dictionary of Biography. Canberra: Australian National University. Retrieved
ANU. Retrieved 21 October 2014. 2008-10-21.
22. ^ "Australian Dictionary of Biography – Sir George Foster Pearce" . ADB
ANU. Retrieved 21 October 2014.

Further reading [ edit ]

Strangio, Paul; t'Hart, Paul & Walter, James (2016). Settling the Office: The Australian Prime Ministership from Federation to Reconstruction. Melbourne: Melbourne
University Press. ISBN 9780522868722.
Strangio, Paul; t'Hart, Paul & Walter, James (2017). The Pivot of Power: Australian Prime Ministers and Political Leadership, 1949-2016. Melbourne: Melbourne
University Press. ISBN 9780522868746.

External links [ edit ]

Official website of the Prime Minister of Australia Wikimedia Commons has

Department of Prime Minister and Cabinet media related to Prime
Minister of Australia.
Australia's Prime Ministers – National Archives of Australia reference site and research portal
Biographies of Australia's Prime Ministers / National Museum of Australia Library resources about
Prime Minister of Australia
Classroom resources on Australian Prime Ministers
Resources in your library
Resources in other libraries

V ·T ·E Prime Ministers of Australia (list) [show]

V ·T ·E Lists of Prime Ministers of Australia [show]

V ·T ·E Parliament of Australia [show]

V ·T ·E Politics of Australia [show]

V ·T ·E Heads of state and government of Oceania [show]

V ·T ·E Prime minister [show]

Categories: Prime Minister of Australia Lists of government ministers of Australia

This page was last edited on 26 August 2018, at 23:13 (UTC).

Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered
trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.

Privacy policy About Wikipedia Disclaimers Contact Wikipedia Developers Cookie statement Mobile view