A Literature review on-
Moment-Rotation Curve of Steel-Concrete Composite Beam
Submitted by N. Sree Kavya (17MST0036)
PAPER 1
Computational modelling of the moment-rotation relationship
for deconstructable flush end plate beam-to-column composite
joints by Abdolreza Ataei, Mark A. Bradford, Xinpei Liu
This paper presents a three-dimensional finite element modelling
of an innovative flush end plate semi-rigid beam-to-column com-
posite joint comprising deconstructable post-installed friction-grip
bolted shear connectors.
The moment versus rotation relationship for these prototype
joints subjected to a hogging bending moment with the influence
of partial shear connection is investigated using ABAQUS soft-
ware.
This relationship is an indicator of the ductility of a composite
joint a is a necessity for a semi-rigid frame analysis.
In addition, a composite joint with partial shear connection is
constructed and tested in this study, and the numerical predictions
are compared with the test results.
The main objective of the study is to study the effect of _
Degree of shear connection, reinforcement ratio, thickness
of precast concrete slab, spacing and size of bolted shear connec-
tors etc., on the efficiency of joint which is done by generating Mo-
ment-rotation curve for all the models with above mentioned vari-
ables.
A 67% shear connection ratio, 0.70% reinforcing ratio, 460UB82.1
steel beam, 250 UC89.5 steel column, 120 mm precast concrete
slab, 10 mm flush end plate and Grade 10.9 M24 bolt were adopted
for standard joint considered in the parametric study, but each re-
spective property was varied.
Figure 1: FE model of half com-
posite joint and its boundary con-
ditions.
Modelling Of Composite Beam:
The coefficient of friction of 0.45 is adopted for the interface be-
tween the steel beam and precast concrete slab. And for all other
interactions like endplate-steel column flange, bolt-steel column,
bolt-end plate; a coefficient of 0.25 was adopted.
The TIE option was used to define the contact between the flush
end plate-steel beam, the steel beam-its plate stiffeners and the
steel column-its column stiffeners.
In order to simulate the interaction between the reinforcing bars
and precast concrete slab, the EMBEDDED option was adopted, in
which the reinforcement was assumed to be embedded into the
precast concrete slab.
To simulate the PFGBSCs, non-linear springs were used, in
which the results from push-out tests on M16 and M20 PFGBSCs
were employed to characterize the load-slip behaviour of the bolt
shear connectors and to represent their behaviour in the composite
joints.
The same location of the shear connectors was considered for the
position of the springs.
Figure 2: Simulation of
PFGBSCs.
Loading of the specimens was conducted into two steps. In the
first step, the pretension load was applied to all the bolts connect-
ing the composite beam to the steel column.
Following this step, a displacement-controlled load was applied
to the precast concrete slab using the Riks procedure that is avail-
able in ABAQUS.
What Can be Inferred from the paper:
A large number of bolts having a small bolt size is recommended
for this type of composite joint.
Reinforcement ratio beyond this value (about 1%) changes the
failure mode from bar fracture to shear connector fracture.
Very low RR causes limited ductility and strength. {This ratio was
calculated based on the tensile reinforcing area and the gross slab cross-sectional
area}.
The spacing and number of shear connectors dictates the
strength of the composite joint.
Interaction of steel beam and concrete slab also effects the mo-
ment and shear capacities of the composite structure.
PAPER 2
Ultimate strength behavior of curved steel–concrete–steel
sandwich composite beams
Jia-Bao Yan, J.Y. Richard Liew, Xudong Qian, Jun-Yan Wang
A concept of using curved steel–concrete–steel (SCS) sandwich
structure as the ice-resistant wall has been proposed for Arctic oil
and gas drilling platform.
Ultra-lightweight cement composite (ULCC) was chosen as the
core material. ULCC was developed with a 28-day compressive
strength about 60 MPa and a density of 1450 kg/m3.
.
Experimental Models:
To investigate the influence of ULCC strengths on the resistance
of the curved beams, three grades of ULCC namely ULCC-30,
ULCC-45 and ULCC- 60 were designed to achieve 28d compres-
sive strengthof30MPa,45MPa and 60MPa, respectively.
Steel shells with different thickness t=4 mm and 12mm were used
to investigate the influence of the steel content of the section.
Stud connectors with Ø13 mm×100 mm (height) were used for all
the curved beams except for beam BS6 [Ø 13 mm ×75 mm (height)]
and BS7 [Ø 13 mm×150 mm (height)].
Specimens BS1, BS3, and BS4were designed with different curva-
tures, and the radius of the inner shell R for them equals 888mm,
2625 mm, and 625 mm, respectively.
Figure 3: Test Setup of curved SCS Sandwich beams (BS4). All the beams ex-
cept BS4 were anchored to two triangular supports through bolts which were
shown in the figure.

Figure 4: Illustrations on the geometry of the curved SCS Sandwich
beam.
What can be inferred from the paper:
As the spacing of the connectors decreases, it increases the shear
resistance of the structures.
It would fetch the construction if light weight concrete is used
for constructing the slabs in case of composite structures.
PAPER 3
Flexural behaviour of composite steel–concrete beams utilising
blind bolt shear connectors
Sameera Wijesiri Pathirana, Brian Uy, Olivia Mirza, Xinqun Zhu
This paper investigates the feasibility of utilizing blind bolts as
shear connectors to develop demountable steel–concrete beams.
The flexural behaviour of composite beams with two blind bolt
types and welded stud connectors were experimentally investi-
gated using full-scale beam specimens.
A set of push-test specimens was tested based on the Euro code
4 to compare the slip response of these connectors. The ultimate
design loads of the test beams were calculated based on rigid plas-
tic analysis (RPA) using the actual material properties.
The Finite Element Models (FEMs) were validated by comparing
the load–midspan deflection curves of the beam specimens ob-
tained from the experiments and modelling.
The effects of the concrete compressive strength, steel yield
strength and the shear connection ratio on the flexural behaviour
of the composite beams were studied by utilizing the validated
FEMs.
Ultimate design loads of the beam specimens were estimated us-
ing the rigid plastic analysis (RPA) technique. Three dimensional
non-linear finite element models (FEMs) were developed using
ABAQUS to simulate the full-scale beams.
The main components of the beam that include the concrete slab
and the steel beam were designed in accordance with AS 3600 and
AS 4100 respectively. The composite design was carried out in ac-
cordance with AS 2327.1 by following the load requirements given
in AS 1170.1 Each composite beam contained twenty seven shear
connectors.
This paper investigates the feasibility of utilizing blind bolts as
shear connectors to develop demountable steel–concrete beams.
Using Euro code 4
The beams were loaded at a constant rate of displacement of 2
Figure 5: Finite Element model geometries and Element Shapes
mm per minute. This rate was increased at the end of the tests as
the load–deflection curves began to plateau.
Each beam was loaded at stages of 20%, 40%, 60% and 80% of
their calculated ultimate design loads determined by the RPA
What can be inferred from the Paper:
Blind bolts can be more reliable in achieving and maintaining
composite action in new composite steel–concrete beams com-
pared with welded stud connectors.
The results showed that the stiffness and ductility of a composite
beam is greatly influenced by the load–slip behaviour of its shear
connectors.
A Literature review on– Moment-
Rotation curve of Steel-Concrete
Composite Beam
Name :N. Sree Kavya
Reg. No. : 17MST0036
PAPER 4
Modeling Of Steel-concrete Composite Beams Under
Negative Bending
By Gaetano Manfredi, Giovanni Fabbrocino, and Edoardo Cosenza
Negative bending moments acting in the support regions of con-
tinuous composite beams generate tensile stresses in the concrete
slab and compressive stresses in the lower steel profile.
As a result the mechanical behavior of these beams is strongly
nonlinear even for low stress levels, due not only to the slip at the
beam slab interface, but also to cracking in the slab.
Therefore, an adequate theoretical modeling should take account
of the interactions between the structural steel and the concrete
slab by shear connectors and also between steel rebars and con-
crete in tension by bond phenomenon.
In this paper a model of steel and concrete composite beams sub-
jected to negative bending is presented. It accounts for the slip oc-
curring at both the beam-slab interface and the steel reinforcement
-concrete interface.
Simply supported steel concrete composite beams allow full ex-
ploitation of the mechanical properties of the two materials; in fact
the concrete slab is mainly in compression, whereas the steel pro-
file is subjected to a tensile force.
The use of continuous composite beams is very attractive, but
the support regions are affected by negative bending moments. As
a result, the structural behavior is not very effective because the
concrete slab is subjected to a tensile force and the steel profile is
mainly in compression
What is concluded:
The proposed model seems most suitable to evaluate from a theo-
retical point of view the influence of each component of the com-
posite beam on the rotation capacity in the negative bending re-
gions.
PAPER 5
Experimental Studies On The Behaviour Of Headed Stud Shear
Connectors For Composite Steel-concrete Beams Under Ele-
vated Temperatures
O. MIRZA, B. UY AND S. KREZO
This paper presents the experimental studies to consider the ef-
fects of elevated temperatures on the behaviour of headed stud
shear connectors on composite steel-concrete beams for both solid
and profiled steel sheeting slabs.
It has been concluded that the predominant mode of failure for
the solid slab and profiled slab was headed stud shear connection
failure.