VIBRATION BEHAVIOR OF PRESTRESSED CABLE REINFORCED CONCRETE

TRUSS SYSTEM CAUSED BY JUMPING AND HOPPING

Xuhong Zhou, Ph.D.1; Jiepeng Liu, Ph.D., M.ASCE2; Jiang Li, Ph.D.3;
Liang Cao4; and Y. Frank Chen, Ph.D.5

PRESTRESSED CABLE REINFORCED CONCRETE TRUSS
(PCT) SYSTEM :
 It is composed of reinforced concrete (RC) frame columns, RC
truss members (upper and lower chords, web member), and a
parabolic profile of prestressed chord with draped tendons .
reflected the effect of human-structure interaction)
 To get a more accurate estimate of dynamic performance for a
large-span PCT floor for sports activities, jumping or hopping
as the most severe loading and a large set of measuring data are
needed. Field testing is deemed effective in assessing the vibra-
tion serviceability of a floor system .

TARGET:
There is indeed a need to evaluate the vibration
performance of the PCT floor system and further to establish rele-
vant acceptability criteria. In this study, the purpose of the testing
was to test, analyze, and compare floor systems designed according
to current specifications. Based on the basic concepts of mechanics,
a simplified method for determining the fundamental frequency and
peak acceleration of the PCT floor system was proposed. In sum-
What is the importance of PCT system in sport activity struc- mary, this paper discusses the vibration performance of the PCT
tures like stadiums and gymnasiums ? floor system based on experimental and analytical results. a) Test Specimen 1 (TS1) in the laboratory; (b) Test Specimen 2
(TS2)in the laboratory; (c) jumping position (TS1); (d) jumping
 The openings between web members of the PCT girder allow SCOPE OF THIS RESEARCH: position (TS2)
pipes and ducts to go through easily, reduce member weight,
and accommodate greater girder span .  Analyzing the raw data for two laboratory PCT specimens and LABOURATARY IN SITU FLOOR
 Reduces a building’s total height and weight for a fixed number two in situ PCT floors subjected to single jumping and TESTING(TS1,TS2) TESTING(TF1,TF2)
of stories reduces the extra usage of materials calculating basic vibration properties
especially finishes significant cost reduction.  Analyzing the raw data for two in situ PCT floors under the
 Very high load capacity & relatively low deflection. 1.Jumping (transient) 1.Jumping (transient) impact
hopping of two men and calculating root-mean-square (RMS)
impact 2.Hopping (continuous)
acceleration.
LITERATURE REVIEW: impact
 Comparing the differences in RMS trends and RMS distribu-
tion's due to hopping for the two in situ PCT floors.  RC columns -  Consists of a 150-mm-
 Previous studies were carried out experimentally and analytical-  Proposing a method for determining the fundamental frequency (500 × 500 × 2,395 mm each) thick concrete slab,
ly to get a better understanding of vibration performance due to and peak acceleration of the PCT floor system, and determining  RC beams/ pedestals  8 PCTs spaced at 4.50,
heel drop and jumping . if the vibration performance satisfies the criteria for acceptable (500 × 500 × 3,000 mm each and 36.00-m-long bays
 However, hopping as the most severe loading has not been serviceability.  Average compressive
studied for this PCT floor system in terms of vibration respons- strength -41.30 MPa
es and characteristics ( Because hopping loading consists of a EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION:
series of jumping impacts, vibration serviceability for such ii) INSITU FLOOR TESTING:
floor systems subjected to human jumping and hopping remains i) labouratary specimens:
to be addressed, especially considering that a PCT girder sys-
tem is long and light).
 This floor system may become vulnerable to human-induced
floor vibrations if certain serviceability issues are not ac-
counted for during the design stage. Correcting the design over-
sight after completion of construction is usually costly .

GAPS IN LITERATURE REVIEW:

 To determine the mean jumping force pulse the impact models

of jumping differ from one to another (Because a single shaker
was usually asked to perform the testing, the resulting dynamic
properties may not have been the same as those of a structure
subjected to the force of a crowd and may not have actually (a) (b) (c) measurement location (TF1); (d) measurement location (TF2)
TEST METHOD KEY WORDS: Conclusions

 Each test was done bya 63.5-kg man standing at the center of
the floor and impacting the floor with his feet.
 sequence: placing both feet on the ground → bending knees →
thrusting against the ground → rising high into the air → drop-
ping toward the floor → bending knees to keep balance .
DATA SUMMARY AND COMPARISION:
PEAK ACCELERATION:
1.JUMPING:  Peak acceleration depends on stiffness and mass distr ibu-
tions at the loading location; it was relatively low for the
Load by measuring the laboratory specimens compared with the in situ cases.
contacting forces between the
ground and human feet.  The fundamental frequency was generally below 10 Hz, indicat-
ing that the PCT floor was relatively flexible; the PCT girders
showed higher fundamental frequency (8.60 Hz for TS1 and
2.HOPPING: 8.10 Hz for TS2) than the in situ PCT floors (3.67 Hz for TF1
and 4.33 Hz for TF2).
Series of jumping
impacts.  The PCT girder itself had a lower damping ratio (≈1.24%) than
that of the RC floor (≈1.98%) *(this is because the additional
mass of the RC floor and the constraint from the boundary
3.VIBRATION SERVICEABILITY: changed the vibration characteristics).

 lighter the mass
NATURAL FREQUENCY:
 Both transient vibration -(dropping heavy objects, jumping up
and down) and continuous vibration -(walking, running, hop-
ping) can cause human discomfort and even crowd panic.
 A more severe loading may be considered to access vibration
serviceability.
4.ROOT SQUARE MEAN METHOD:
 For comparison purposes, it was necessary to characterize
greater the amplitude
vibration time histories using a single parameter. RMS and
maximum transient vibration value (MTVV) have often been used.
 A person’s weight had virtually no effect on damping because it
was a tiny proportion of the total weight of the PCT floor sys-
tem; the damping ratio for an open PCT floor is recommended
as 0.02, which is consistent .
 Comparing the RMS acceleration response with the ISO vibra-
tion limits for sports activities, the two-PCT floor system was
found to be acceptable in general; among all RMS trend distri-
butions due to hopping for the two-PCT floors, the 1-s RMS
trend and related frequencies may be recommended in evaluat-
ing floor vibration serviceability as long as the ratio of sampling
data points per second to total number of data points falls in the
range of 1.47–3.23% (average = 2.20%).

References

Vibration Behavior of Prestressed Ca-
ble Reinforced Concrete Truss Sys-
tem Caused by Jumping and Hopping
Xuhong Zhou, Ph.D.1; Jiepeng Liu, Ph.D.,
Author M.ASCE2; Jiang Li, Ph.D.3;
Liang Cao4; and Y. Frank Chen, Ph.D.5
 Fundamental frequency is generally below 10 Hz
PCT floor was relatively flexible
DAMPING RATIO: Keyword (s) Prestressed; Vibration; Jumping; Hop-
ping; Fundamental frequency; Peak ac-
celeration.
Name
Y V R A VISWANADH
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