Sie sind auf Seite 1von 10

Australians

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia


Jump to navigationJump to search
"Australian" redirects here. For other uses, see Australian (disambiguation).
Australians
Flag of Australia.svg
Flag of Australia
Total population
c.?25 million
Regions with significant populations
Australia 24,000,000
Thailand 300,000[citation needed]
United States 94,000�200,000[1][2]
United Kingdom 113,000[3]
Hong Kong 90,000[4][5]
New Zealand 70,000[6]
Canada 62,910[7]
Indonesia 55,000[8]
Greece 50,000
Italy 30,000[8][9]
Lebanon 20,000�25,000[8][10]
Singapore 20,000 (2011)[11]
France 3,000 (2011)[12]
Brazil 1,000[13]
Languages
English � Other minority languages[14]
Religion
Christianity (Anglicanism, Protestantism, Roman Catholicism)
Other minority religions[15]
Related ethnic groups
BritishIrishNew ZealandersCanadiansAmericansSouth AfricansBritish diaspora in
AfricaWhite ZimbabweansMelanesiansPolynesiansCommonwealth Citizens
Australians, colloquially known as Aussies (/'?zi/), are people associated with
Australia, sharing a common history, culture, and language (Australian English).
Present-day Australians are citizens of the Commonwealth of Australia, governed by
its nationality law.

The majority of Australians descend from the peoples of the British Isles. The
Colony of New South Wales was established by the Kingdom of Great Britain in 1788,
with the arrival of the First Fleet, and five other colonies were established in
the early 19th century, now forming the six present-day Australian states. Many
early settlements were penal colonies, and transported convicts (and, later, ex-
convicts) made up a significant proportion of the population in most colonies.
Large-scale immigration did not occur until the 1850s, following a series of gold
rushes. Further waves of immigration occurred after the First and Second World
Wars, with many post-World War II migrants coming from Europe, the Middle East,
Asia, Pacific Islands, Africa, and Latin America. Prior to British settlement,
Australia was inhabited by various indigenous peoples � Aboriginal Australians,
Aboriginal Tasmanians, and Torres Strait Islanders, a Melanesian people. A small
percentage of present-day Australians descend from these peoples.

The development of a separate Australian identity and national character is most


often linked with the period surrounding the First World War, which gave rise to
the concept of the Anzac spirit. The Eureka Rebellion of 1854 and various events of
the Second World War, most notably the Kokoda Track campaign, are also frequently
mentioned in association with Australian identity. However, Australian culture
predates the federation of the Australian colonies by several decades � Australian
literature, most notably the work of the bush poets, dates from colonial times,
while sporting teams representing the whole of Australia have been in existence
since the 1870s. As a result of many shared linguistic, historical, cultural and
geographic characteristics, Australians have often identified closely with New
Zealanders in particular along with, to a lesser extent, other English-speaking
nations.

Contents
1 Overview
2 Ancestries
2.1 European
2.2 Asian
2.3 Indigenous
3 Census
3.1 2011
3.2 Historical population
3.3 Citizenship
4 Current population
5 Culture
5.1 Language
5.2 Religion
6 Notes
7 References
8 External links
Overview
Main articles: Colonial Australia and Immigration to Australia
The majority of Australians or their ancestors immigrated within the past three
centuries, with the exception of the Indigenous population and other outer lying
islands who became Australian through expansion of the country. Despite its multi-
ethnic composition, the culture of Australia held in common by most Australians can
also be referred to as mainstream Australian culture, a Western culture largely
derived from the traditions of British and Irish colonists, settlers, and
immigrants. Large-scale immigration occurred after the First and Second World Wars,
with many post-World War II migrants coming from Southern and Eastern Europe
introducing a variety of elements. Immigration from the Middle East, south and east
Asia, Pacific Islands, Africa, and Latin America has also been having an impact.

The predominance of the English language, the existence of a democratic system of


government drawing upon the British traditions of Westminster Government,
Parliamentarianism and constitutional monarchy, American constitutionalist and
federalist traditions, Christianity as the dominant religion, and the popularity of
sports originating in (or influenced by) the British Isles, are all evidence of a
significant Anglo-Celtic heritage. Australian culture has diverged significantly
since British settlement.

Australians are referred to as "Aussie" and "Antipodean".[16][17] Australians were


historically referred to as "Colonials", "British" and "British subjects".[18][19]
[20][21] Australian identity draws on a multicultural, European and British
cultural heritage.[22]

Ancestries
See also: Demographics of Australia
European
Main articles: European Australians and Anglo-Celtic Australians
European ancestries / 2016 census
Origins[a] % of total population
English 36.1%
Irish 11.0%
Scottish 9.3%
Italian 4.6%
German 4.5%
Greek 4.5%
German 1.8%
Dutch 1.6%
Australian[23] 33.5%
Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics.[24][25]
Today, Australians of English and other European descent are the majority in
Australia, estimated at around 70% of the total population.[26][27][28]
Historically, European immigrants had great influence over Australian history and
society, which resulted in the perception of Australia as a Western country.[29]
[30]

Since soon after the beginning of British settlement in 1788, people of European
descent have formed the majority of the population in Australia. The majority of
Australians are of British � English, Scottish, Welsh, Cornish, or Manx � and Irish
ancestral origin (grouped together as "Anglo-Celtic").

Although some observers stress Australia's convict history, the vast majority of
early settlers came of their own free will.[31] Far more Australians are descended
from assisted immigrants than from convicts, the majority being British and Irish.
[32] About 20% of Australians are descendants of convicts.[33] Most of the first
Australian settlers came from London, the Midlands and the North of England, and
Ireland.[34][35][36] Settlers that arrived throughout the 19th century were from
all parts of the United Kingdom and Ireland, a significant proportion of settlers
came from the Southwest and Southeast of England, from Ireland and from Scotland.
[37] Anglo-Celtic Australians (Northern European settlers from England, Scotland,
Wales, and Ireland) have been highly influential in shaping the nation's culture.
By the mid-1840s, the numbers of freeborn settlers had overtaken the convict
population. In 1888, 60 percent of the Australian population had been born in
Australia, and almost all had British ancestral origins. Out of the remaining 40
percent, 34 percent had been born in the British Isles, and 6 percent were of
European origin, mainly from Germany and Scandinavia.[38] In the 1840s, Scots-born
immigrants constituted 12 percent of the Australian population. There were 1.3
million British migrants to Australia in the period from 1861�1914, of which 13.5
percent were Scots. 5.3 percent of the convicts transported to Eastern Australia
between 1789 and 1852 were Scots.[39] By 1850, there were 290,000 Aboriginal
Australians. The European population grew from 0.3 percent of the population of the
continent at 1800 to 58.6 percent at 1850.[40] Germans formed the largest non-
British community for most of the 19th century.[41] The census of 1901 showed that
98 percent of Australians had British ancestral origins, which was considered as
"more British than Britain itself".[42] Between 1901 and 1940, 140,000 non-British
European immigrants arrived in Australia (about 16 percent of the total intake).
[43] Before World War II, 13.6 percent were born overseas, and 80 percent of those
were British.[44] In 1939 and 1945, still 98 percent of Australians had
British/Anglo-Celtic ancestral origins.[45] Until 1947, the vast majority of the
population were of British origin.[46] During the 1950s, Australia was the
destination of 30 per cent of Dutch emigrants and the Netherlands-born became
numerically the second largest non-British group in Australia.[47] In 1971, 70
percent of the foreign born were of European origin. Abolition of the White
Australia Policy in 1957 by the Menzies government, often incorrectly attributed to
a later Labor government, led to a significant increase in non-European
immigration, mostly from Asia and the Middle East.

Melburnians during the live music rally in 2010


Almost one Australian in four was born elsewhere.[when?] In 1981, around 50 percent
of immigrants were from Europe, and 2.7 percent were from Asia.[48] In 1998 about
40 percent of all immigrants to Australia had been born in Asia.[49] People from
the United Kingdom remain the largest group amongst those born overseas.[50] In
2001 were 51 percent from Europe, 29 percent from Asia, 11 percent from Oceania,
and 4 percent came from the Americas.[51] In 1996, over 8 million Australians had
at least three ancestries, and over 3 million had four or more.[52]

By 2000, a majority of Australia's population was native born, and over 90 percent
were descended from people from the British Isles.[53] In 2007, more than 92
percent of all Australians descended from Europeans.[54] In the 2006 Census 455,026
people (or 2.3% of the total Australian population) reported they were of
Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander origin.[55] 28 percent of the Australian
population reported mixed or multiple ancestries in the 2006 census.[56] In 2006,
63% of the population had reported British ancestry, although many others reported
their ancestry as simply "Australian".[57]

Asian
Main article: Asian Australians
At the 2011 Census 2.4 million Australians (12%) declared that they had an Asian
ancestral background.[58][59] For the purposes of aggregating data, the Australian
Bureau of Statistics in its Australian Standard Classification of Cultural and
Ethnic Groups (ASCCEG) has grouped certain ethnic groups into certain categories,
including East Asian e.g. Chinese Australians, Southeast Asian e.g. Vietnamese
Australians, South Asian e.g. Indian Australians and Central Asian e.g. Afghan
Australians.[60]

Indigenous
Main articles: Indigenous Australians, Aboriginal Australians, and Torres Strait
Islanders
Indigenous Australians are descendants of the original inhabitants of the
Australian continent.[61] Their ancestors are believed to have migrated from Africa
to Asia around 70,000 years ago[62] and arrived in Australia around 50,000 years
ago.[63][64] The Torres Strait Islanders are a distinct people of Melanesian
ancestry, indigenous to the Torres Strait Islands, which are at the northernmost
tip of Queensland near Papua New Guinea, and some nearby settlements on the
mainland. The term "Aboriginal" is traditionally applied to only the indigenous
inhabitants of mainland Australia and Tasmania, along with some of the adjacent
islands. Indigenous Australians is an inclusive term used when referring to both
Aboriginal and Torres Strait islanders, i.e.: the "first peoples".

Dispersing across the Australian continent over time, the ancient peoples expanded
and differentiated into hundreds of distinct groups, each with its own language and
culture.[65] More than 400 distinct Australian Aboriginal peoples have been
identified across the continent, distinguished by unique names designating their
ancestral languages, dialects, or distinctive speech patterns.[66]

James Cook claimed the east coast for Great Britain in 1770; also the west coast
was later settled by Britain. At that time, the indigenous population was estimated
to have been between 315,000 and 750,000,[67] divided into as many as 500
tribes[citation needed] speaking many different languages. In the 2006 Census,
407,700 respondents declared they were Aboriginal, 29,512 declared they were Torres
Strait Islanders, and a further 17,811 declared they were both Aboriginal and
Torres Strait Islander.[55] After adjustments for undercount, the indigenous
population as of end June 2006 was estimated to be 517,200, representing about 2.5%
of the population.[67]

Census
2011
A census in 2011 showed 60.2% of Australia's population declared themselves as
having European ancestry. In addition, many other respondents described themselves
as simply "Australian", which does not imply Indigenous descent. The total
indigenous population is estimated to be about 520,000 individuals, including
people of mixed descent.[67] In the 2011 Census, Australians reported around 300
different ancestries. The most commonly reported ancestries were English (33.7 per
cent) and Australian (33 per cent). A further 6 of the leading 10 ancestries
reflected the European heritage in Australia � Irish (9.7 per cent), Scottish (8.3
per cent), Italian (4.3 per cent), German (4.2 per cent), Greek (1.8 per cent) and
Dutch (1.6 per cent). Other most common ancestries in the top 10 were Chinese (4.0
per cent) and Indian (1.8 per cent).[68]

In the 2011 Census residents were asked to describe their ancestry, in which up to
two could be nominated. Proportionate to the Australian resident population, the
most commonly nominated ancestries were:[69][70]

English (36.1%)
Australian (35.4%)
Irish (10.4%)
Scottish (8.9%)
Italian (4.6%)
German (4.5%)
Chinese (4.3%)
Indian (2.0%)
Greek (1.9%)
Dutch (1.7%)
New Zealander (Pakeha/Maori)
Filipino
Vietnamese
Lebanese
New Zealander (Pakeha)
Polish
Maltese
Maori
Australian Aboriginal
Croatian
Welsh
In the 2011 census, 53.7% of people had both parents born in Australia and 34.3% of
people had both parents born overseas.[14]

Historical population
The data in the table is sourced from the Australian Bureau of Statistics[71][72]
Note that population estimates in the table below do not include the Aboriginal
population before 1961. Estimates of Aboriginal population prior to European
settlement range from 300,000 to one million, with archaeological finds indicating
a sustainable population of around 750,000.[73]

Crown colonies (Pre-Federation)


Year Population Year Population
1788 859 1848 332,328
1798 4,588 1858 1,050,828
1808 10,263 1868 1,539,552
1818 25,859 1878 2,092,164
1828 58,197 1888 2,981,677
1838 151,868 1898 3,664,715
Year Population % change
1901 3,788,123 �
1906 4,059,083 7.2
1911 4,489,545 10.6
1916 4,943,173 10.1
1921 5,455,136 10.4
1926 6,056,360 11.0
1931 6,526,485 7.8
1936 6,778,372 3.4
Year Population % change
1941 7,109,898 4.9
1946 7,465,157 5.0
1951 8,421,775 12.8
1956 9,425,563 11.9
1961 10,548,267 11.9
1966 11,599,498 10.0
1971 13,067,265 12.7
1976 14,033,083 7.4
Year Population % change
1981 14,923,260 6.3
1986 16,018,350 7.3
1991 17,284,036 12.8
1996 18,310,714 5.9
2001 19,413,240 6.0
2006 20,848,760 7.4
2011 21,507,717 3.2
2014 (estimate) 23,500,000 9.3
Citizenship
Australian citizenship did not exist before 26 January 1949. Before then, people
born in Australia were British subjects. People born in Australia (including
Norfolk Island, Cocos (Keeling) Islands and Christmas Island) on or after 20 August
1986 are Australian citizens by birth if at least one parent was an Australian
citizen or a permanent resident at the time of the person's birth.[74]

Statistics do not exist as to the number of Australians who currently are dual
citizens. In 2000, it was estimated to be 4 to 5 million people.[75]

Current population
Main article: Demographics of Australia
The current Australian population is estimated at 25,947,000 (29 August 2018).[76]
This does not include an estimated 1 million Australians living overseas, but it
includes the estimated 24% of Australians born overseas (in various nations, but
predominantly the United Kingdom, New Zealand, Italy, China, Vietnam, Pakistan,
India, the Philippines, and Greece).[77][78] There are an estimated 1 million
Australians (approximately 5% of the population) residing outside Australia. The
Trans-Tasman Travel Arrangement facilitates open migration to and from New Zealand.
[79]

Culture
Language
Main article: Languages of Australia
Although Australia has no official language, English has been entrenched as the de
facto national language since at least federation in 1901.[80] According to the
2011 census, 76.8% of people (16,509,291) spoke only English. 20.4% of the
population spoke two or more languages at home. Other languages spoken included
Mandarin 1.6%, Italian 1.4%, Arabic 1.3%, Cantonese 1.2% and Greek 1.2%.[14]

Religion
Main article: Religion in Australia
Australia has no official religion; its Constitution prohibits the government from
establishing one, or interfering with the freedom of religion.[81]

Australians have various religions and spiritual beliefs. While 30.1% of the
population reported as having no religion, of those reporting as having religious
affiliations, the majority (52.1%) were Christian according to the 2016 census.[82]
As in many Western countries, the level of active participation in church worship
is lower than would be indicated by the proportion of the population identifying
themselves as Christian; weekly attendance at church services was about 1.5 million
in 2001,[83] about 7% of the population (21.5 million[84]) that year.

Notes
Respondents could self-declare up to two ancestries on their Census form.
References
Results � Community Survey 2013 American Fact Finder (US Census Bureau).
"Special Feature: Australians in New York". Newyork.usa.embassy.gov.au.
"Table 1.3: Overseas-born population in the United Kingdom, excluding some
residents in communal establishments, by sex, by country of birth, January 2013 to
December 2013". Office for National Statistics. 2 July 2015. Retrieved 20 November
2015. Figure given is the central estimate. See the source for 95 per cent
confidence intervals.
"Australia's Rudd Dials Hong Kong Expats". The Wall Street Journal. 29 August
2013. The 90,000 Australian citizens in Hong Kong�mostly ethnic Chinese..
"Australian Federal Election Make sure you're enrolled to vote by 6pm HKT, 12
August 2013". Australian Consulate-General Hong Kong, China. 7 August 2013.
Sam Worthington. "Anzac Day AFL match the start of big things". Stuff.co.nz.
"Estimated Resident Population by Country of Birth - 1992 to 2014". ABS.Stat/. 26
November 2008.
"Estimates of Australian citizens living overseas: as at December 2001" (PDF).
southern-cross-group.org. Archived from the original (PDF) on 20 July 2008.
"Australians in Italy: The long view". Books.publishing.monash.edu.
"Diplomatic appointment � Ambassador to Lebanon, 8 September 2010, Australian
Minister for Foreign Affairs and Trade". Foreignminister.gov.au. 8 September 2010.
Archived from the original on 30 June 2014.
"Lee Hsien Loong: Singapore in an Ever-More Connected World", Asia Society -
Australia, 12 October 2012
http://www.diplomatie.gouv.fr/fr/dossiers-pays/australie/presentation-de-l-
australie/
"Immigrant and Emigrant Populations by Country of Origin and Destination".
migrationpolicy.org. Retrieved 16 June 2017.
"2011 Census QuickStats". Censusdata.abs.gov.au. Archived from the original on 6
November 2015.
Tim Colebatch. "Census reveals city's changes". The Age.
Princeton University WordNet. "Aussie". Retrieved 4 March 2011.
Oxford Dictionaries Online, 2011. "Antipodean". Retrieved 4 March 2011.
"The word "Colonial" as indicating Australian nationality is going out of fashion.
The word "Australian" is much preferred." � F. Labilliere, Early History of the
Colony of Victoria, 1878; E. Morris, Austral English, 2011, p. 11
"Minister for Immigration Arthur Calwell when he proclaimed in his speech to
parliament announcing the 1948 Nationality and Citizenship Act that 'to say one is
an Australian is, of course, to indicate beyond all doubt that one is British'." �
A. Haebich, Spinning the Dream: Assimilation in Australia 1950�1970, 2008, p. 67
In 1984, "Australians became Australian citizens only, and ceased to be British
subjects" Bills Digest 72, 2005�06, Australian Citizenship Bill 2005
"Senate Committees � Parliament of Australia". Aph.gov.au.
Dandy, Justine K. "Managing cultural diversity: Competing discourses in Australian
multiculturalism." (2010).
The Australian Bureau of Statistics has stated that most who list "Australian" as
their ancestry are part of the "Anglo-Celtic" group. "Archived copy". Archived from
the original on 20 April 2016. Retrieved 2008-06-24.
THE ANCESTRIES OF AUSTRALIANS - Census of Population and Housing: Reflecting
Australia - Stories from the Census, 2016
Census of Population and Housing: Reflecting Australia - Ancestry 2016
http://www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/abs@.nsf/Lookup/by%20Subject/2071.0~2016~Main
%20Features~Cultural%20Diversity%20Article~60
Brewer, Marilynn B., Karen Gonsalkorale, and Andrea van Dommelen. "Social identity
complexity: Comparing majority and minority ethnic group members in a multicultural
society." Group Processes & Intergroup Relations 16.5 (2013): 529�544.
McEvoy, Brian P., et al. "Geographical structure and differential natural
selection among North European populations." Genome research 19.5 (2009): 804�814.
"Approximately 85% of current Australians are descendants of European settlers who
began arriving in 1788."
Don Grant, Graham Seal, Australia in the World: Perceptions and Possibilities,
1994, p. 365
Brown, Kerry (8 June 2013). "Oz's Reorientation: White papers illustrate the
country's new Asia-centered priorities". Beijing Review (24). Retrieved 16 June
2017.
"HISTORICAL RECORDS REVEAL OZ ANCESTORS OF 16 MILLION BRITS". Ancestryeurope.lu.
J. Jupp, From White Australia to Woomera: The Story of Australian Immigration,
2007, p. 16
Sood, Suemedha. "Australia's penal colony roots". BBC.
J. Jupp, The English in Australia, Cambridge University Press, 2004, p. 27
R. Watts, P. Trudgill, Alternative Histories of the English Language, Routledge,
2002, p. 70
B. Kachru, Y. Kachru, C. Nelson, The Handbook of World Englishes, Wiley-Blackwell,
2009, p. 295
C. Meierkord, Interactions across Englishes: Linguistic Choices in Local and
International Contact Situations (Studies in English Language), Cambridge
University Press, 2012, p. 37
L. A history of early childhood education in Canada, Australia, and New Zealand,
2009, p. 134
"history essay � Queensland Migration Heritage Hub" (PDF).
P. Harris, The History of Human Populations, Volume II. Migration, Urbanization
and Structural Change, 2003, p. 444
G. Leitner, Australia's Many Voices: Australian English�The National Language,
2004, p. 79
W. Lines, Taming of the Great South Land: A History of the Conquest of Nature in
Australia, 1991, p. 140
V. Colic-Peisker, Migration, Class and Transnational Identities: Croatians in
Australia and America (Studies of World Migrations), 2008, p. 72
J. Abowd, R. Freeman, Immigration, Trade, and the Labor Market, 2007, p. 386
J. Pike, Australia, 2004, p. 55, p. 75
M. Dixson, The Imaginary Australian: Anglo-Celts and Identity, 1788 to the
Present, p. 10
"Netherlands country profile". Dfat.gov.au.
A. Pecotich, C. Shultz, Handbook of Markets and Economies: East Asia, Southeast
Asia, Australia, New Zealand, 2006, p. 23
S. Cohen, Geopolitics of the world system, 2003, p. 276
D. Christie, The Encyclopedia of Peace Psychology, 2011, p. 811
P. Spickard, Almost All Aliens: Immigration, Race, and Colonialism in American
History and Identity, 2007, p. 343
B. Galligan, W. Roberts, Australian Citizenship, 2004, p. 79
Minahan, James. Ethnic Groups of South Asia and the Pacific: An Encyclopedia, 2012
R. Moran, P. Harris, S. Moran, Managing Cultural Differences, Routledge, 2007, p.
405
"2914.0.55.002 � 2006 Census of Population and Housing: Media Releases and Fact
Sheets, 2006". Abs.gov.au. Retrieved 7 September 2010.
M. Clyne, J. Jupp, Multiculturalism and Integration: A Harmonious Relationship,
2011, p. 115
Mansouri, Fethi, and Michele Lobo, Migration, Citizenship, and Intercultural
Relations: Looking Through the Lens of Social Inclusion. Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.,
2011, p.30
Colebatch, Tim (22 June 2012). "Land of many cultures, ancestries and faiths". The
Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved 16 June 2017.
Kennedy, Duncan (17 September 2012). "Young Asians making their mark on
Australia". Bbc.co.uk. Retrieved 16 June 2017.
Australian Bureau of Statistics.
"About Australia:Our Country". Australian Government. Australia's first
inhabitants, the Aboriginal people, are believed to have migrated from some unknown
point in Asia to Australia between 50,000 and 60,000 years ago.
"Science Magazine: Sign In". sciencemag.org.
"Aboriginal Australians descend from the first humans to leave Africa, DNA
sequence reveals", Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC).
iCommunity Newsletter. "Sequencing Uncovers a 9,000 Mile Walkabout" (PDF).
illumina Inc. Retrieved 26 April 2014.
Lourandos, Harry (1997) "New Perspectives in Australian Prehistory," Cambridge
University Press, United Kingdom. ISBN 0-521-35946-5.
Horton, David (1994) The Encyclopedia of Aboriginal Australia: Aboriginal and
Torres Strait Islander History, Society, and Culture, Aboriginal Studies Press,
Canberra. ISBN 0-85575-234-3.
"Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Population". 1301.0 � Year Book Australia,
2008. Australian Bureau of Statistics. 7 February 2008. Retrieved 3 January 2009.
"2011 Census data shows more than 300 ancestries". abs.gov.au.
"Reflecting a Nation: Stories from the 2011 Census, 2012�2013". Australian Bureau
of Statistics. 21 June 2012. Retrieved 25 June 2012.
"What's your ancestry? New topic on profile.id".
TABLE 2. Population by sex, states and territories, 30 June 1901 onwards.
Australian Bureau of Statistics. 23 May 2006. Retrieved 8 March 2008.
TABLE 1.1. Population by sex, states and territories, 31 December 1788 onwards.
Australian Bureau of Statistics. 5 August 2008.
"Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander population". 1301.0 � Year Book Australia,
2002. Australian Bureau of Statistics. 20 August 2007. Retrieved 21 October 2009.
"Citizenship � Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade". Dfat.gov.au.
"Dual Citizenship in Australia (Current Issues Brief 5 2000-01)". aph.gov.au.
Australian Official Population Clock. The Australian Official Population Clock
automatically updates daily at 00:00 UTC.
"Migration" (PDF). 2006 Census. Australian Bureau of Statistics. 29 March 2007.
Retrieved 6 March 2009. (table 6.6)
"The Fastest Growing Ethnic Community of Australia" by Exon
See: Australian diaspora
"Pluralist Nations: Pluralist Language Policies?". 1995 Global Cultural Diversity
Conference Proceedings, Sydney. Department of Immigration and Citizenship. 1995.
Archived from the original on 20 December 2008. Retrieved 1 May 2013. "English has
no de jure status but it is so entrenched as the common language that it is de
facto the official language as well as the national language."
"116. Commonwealth not to legislate in respect of religion". Constitution of
Australia. Parliament of Australia. Retrieved 31 January 2018.
"Cultural diversity in Australia". 2071.0 � Reflecting a Nation: Stories from the
2011 Census, 2012�2013. Australian Bureau of Statistics. 21 June 2012. Retrieved 27
June 2012.
NCLS releases latest estimates of church attendance, National Church Life Survey,
Media release, 28 February 2004
"2011 Census QuickStats - all people - usual residents". Australian Bureau of
Statistics. 28 March 2013. Retrieved 4 October 2015.
External links
Media related to People of Australia at Wikimedia Commons
vte
Australia articles
vte
Ancestry of Australians
vte
Australian diaspora
Categories: Australian peopleEthnic groups in AustraliaDemographics of
AustraliaIndigenous peoples of Australia
Navigation menu
Not logged inTalkContributionsCreate accountLog inArticleTalkReadEditView
historySearch

Search Wikipedia
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
In other projects
Wikimedia Commons

Languages
???????
Deutsch
???
Bahasa Indonesia
Italiano
Polski
Portugu�s
T�rk�e
??
14 more
Edit links
This page was last edited on 23 August 2018, at 22:16 (UTC).
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License;
additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and
Privacy Policy. Wikipedia� is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation,
Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policyAbout WikipediaDisclaimersContact WikipediaDevelopersCookie
statementMobile viewWikimedia Foundation Powered by MediaWiki

Das könnte Ihnen auch gefallen