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LEADING

The Significance of Leadership

In particular, leadership is an observable, understandable, learnable set of skills and practices


avalaible to everyone, anywhere in the organization. A good leader has the ability to
influence his employee by inspiring them to pursue goals for the benefit of the organization.
Leading is one of the basic function within the management process. As stated by Richard
Daft “Leading is the use of influence to motivate employees to achieve organizational goals”,
managers must be able to inspired employees in achieving the organizational goals. A reliable
manager or leader must have the skills in creating a vision of the future, devising strategy for
achieve that vision and communicating the vision so that everyone understands and believes
in it.

In Seleraku Trading, Mr. Yusof is the founder of the business. He also act as a leader to his
employees. Mr. Yusof starts his business with only five workers, but now he have more than
60 employees working under his company.

Leader-Centered Approaches :Three Categories of Leader Approaches

LEADER CENTERED FOLLOWER


CENTERED
 Traits and skills
• Self leadership
 Behaviour focus
• Leadership subtitutes
 Power focus

INTERACTIVED

• Situational leadership

• Empowerment

• Transformational leadership
 Leadership Traits and Skills

Usually, successful leaders always possess traits like greater drive, motivation, honesty and
integrity, extraversion and self-confidence, conceptual ability and business knowledge. The
physical characteristic of a leader is often connected with height and appearance. In general,
leaders always have the personalities such as self-esteem, dominance and emotional stability.
In Seleraku Trading, Mr. Yusof has the traits and skills of a good leader as the way he
introduce himself and the impression that he gave shows that he was able to lead his company
well.

 Leadership Behavior.

The effectiveness of a leader defines based on two orientations. First is task orientation, like
setting performance goals, planning and scheduling the work, coordinating activities, giving
directions, setting standards, providing resources and supervising worker performance.
Second is relations orientation, such as showing empathy for the concerns and feelings of
others, being supportive of needs, showing trust, demonstrating appreciation, establishing
reliable and stable relationships and allowing subordinates to participate in decision making.

 Leadership Power

Power is the ability to use human, informational, or material resources to get something done.
It is important for leaders to have leadership power as it influence not only subordinates but
also peers, supervisors and people outside the organization such as clients and suppliers.

Position Power.

 Legitimate power

 Coercive power

 Reward power

 Information power
Personal Power.

 Expert power

 Referent power

Power Orientation

• Personalized power orientation is associated with a strong need for esteem and status.
It is often manifested in centralized and controlled decision making and often used
impulsively.

• Socialized power orientation is the use of power for the benefit of others to make
subordinates feel strong and responsible.

Follower-Centered Approaches

Self-Leadership

Characteristics of Self-Leadership

There are many of characteristics of self-leaders. First is the capacity to motivate themselves
and stay focused on tasks. Secondly is the integrity that demands both loyalty to the
organization and the willingness to act according to beliefs. Self-leaders also have full
understanding of the organization and their contributions to it. Willingness to take the
initiative to deal with problems is also one of the characteristics. Because of that, self-leaders
must have the skills of versatility, skillfulness and flexibility to adapt to a changing
environment. Lastly is about responsibility for their careers, actions and development.

Interactive Approaches

Interactive approaches are the method of examining leadership effectiveness by looking at


how leaders interact with their followers. Interactive approaches are about situational
leadership model, empowerment and transformational leadership.

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